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206:, was promoted as a true account of travels in the tunnels and interviews with tunnel dwellers. The book helped canonize the image of the mole people as an ordered society living literally under people's feet. However, few claims in her book have been verified, and it includes inaccurate geographical information, numerous factual errors, and an apparent reliance on largely unprovable statements. The strongest criticism came from
296:
According to media reports, the people living in the tunnels underneath Las Vegas have managed to furnish their "rooms". In one ABC News report from 2009, a couple, who had been living in the tunnels for five years, had furnished their home with a bed, bookcase and even a makeshift shower. The
220:
contacted Toth in 2004, and noted the large amount of unverifiability in her stories, while declaring that the book's accounts seemed to be truthful. A later article, after contact with
Brennan, was more skeptical of Toth's truthfulness.
293:, it is estimated a thousand homeless people find shelter in the storm drains underneath the city for protection from extreme temperatures that exceed 115 °F (46 °C) while dropping below 30 °F (−1 °C) in winter.
313:
According to the Clark County
Regional Flood Control District, the valley has about 450 miles (720 km) of flood control channels and tunnels, and about 300 miles (480 km) of those are underground.
300:
Many tunnel inhabitants have been turned away from the limited charities in Las Vegas. Matt O'Brien, a local author who spent nearly five years exploring life beneath the city to write the book
692:
2578:
297:
tunnels are prone to flooding, which can be extremely dangerous for the tunnel's residents. Most lose their belongings regularly, and there have been some reported deaths.
401:
features communities of people living underground in New York City, including the "mole people" who live in the lowest parts. Jennifer Toth's book is cited by the author.
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to help the homeless people taking refuge in the tunnels. The charity helps tunnel residents by providing supplies, such as underwear, bottled water, and food.
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historian Joseph
Brennan, who declared, "Every fact in this book that I can verify independently is wrong."
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745:– Jennifer Toth, The Mole People: Life in the Tunnels Beneath New York City – Chicago Review Press, 1993.
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Straight Dope article: Are there really "Mole People" living under the streets of New York City?
436:"Dark Days: How a Manhattan Homeless Community Helped Make the Year's Most Stirring Documentary"
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620:. Oakland, CA: PM press. pp. 320, includes one map and one 16-page b&w photo insert.
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Media accounts have reported "mole people" living underneath other cities as well. In the
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is also about the inhabitants of the
Freedom Tunnel, where Voeten lived for five months.
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551:"Are there really "Mole People" living under the streets of New York City?"
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Demolished shanty housing once used by the homeless in
Manhattan's
419:
Pat
Hartnan (14 December 2010). "Homeless People Go Underground".
172:, follows a group of people living in an abandoned section of the
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Other journalists have focused on the underground homeless in
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deal primarily with the United States and do not represent a
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506:
The Mole People: Life in the
Tunnels Beneath New York City
198:
The Mole People: Life in the
Tunnels Beneath New York City
591:. New Haven, London: Yale University Press. p. 169.
509:. Chicago, Illinois: Chicago Review Press, Incorporated.
30:
This article is about homeless people. For the film, see
2586:
168:, a 2000 documentary feature film by British filmmaker
158:
729:
670:"I-Team: 'Beneath the Neon' -- Underground Las Vegas"
469:"INTERVIEW: Dark Days: The Ultimate Underground Film"
2426:
Southern
African Institute of Mining and Metallurgy
690:
705:
613:
3084:
754:Straight Dope article: The Mole People revisited
726:
693:"The Fiery End of a Life Lived Beneath the City"
1146:International Year of Shelter for the Homeless
139:people living under large cities in abandoned
2572:
1587:
792:
265:in the year 2000, and a similar documentary,
259:. Filmmaker Marc Singer made the documentary
58:The examples and perspective in this article
645:"Under Las Vegas: Tunnels Stretch for Miles"
605:
2401:Institute of Materials, Minerals and Mining
418:
2579:
2565:
2374:History of hard rock miners' organizations
1594:
1580:
799:
785:
354:, fictional subterranean land in works by
34:. For the science fiction characters, see
704:Landowne, Youme; Horton, Anthony (2008).
200:, written while she was an intern at the
96:Learn how and when to remove this message
2359:American Society of Reclamation Sciences
2206:North American Aerospace Defense Command
691:Haughney, Christine (February 6, 2012).
460:
234:
107:
589:The Tunnel. The Architecture of Despair
529:
466:
433:
14:
3085:
611:
586:
27:People who live in tunnels underground
2560:
1575:
780:
743:NYU Portfolio Review: The Mole People
567:
548:
427:
499:
44:
712:. El Paso, TX: Cinco Puntos Press.
434:Debruge, Peter (10 November 2000).
159:In documentary film and non-fiction
24:
2964:Naples underground geothermal zone
2299:Journey to the Center of the Earth
2201:Naples underground geothermal zone
684:
25:
3139:
2416:Research Centre for Deep Drilling
2411:International Union of Speleology
736:
481:from the original on 13 June 2017
271:, was released in 2008. In 2010,
3108:Urban decay in the United States
1558:
1557:
806:
135:) is sometimes used to describe
49:
2406:Institution of Mining Engineers
2171:Underground Great Wall of China
1601:
662:
637:
467:Goodman, Amy (30 August 2000).
3010:Forestiere Underground Gardens
2873:Underground mining (soft rock)
2868:Underground mining (hard rock)
2853:Subsurface utility engineering
2421:Society of Economic Geologists
2389:National Speleological Society
2339:Wonderland (fictional country)
1156:Youth Homelessness Matters Day
561:
542:
523:
493:
412:
13:
1:
1846:Subterranean rivers of London
900:Anti-homelessness legislation
405:
2863:Underground mine ventilation
2379:National Mine Map Repository
1821:Jewel Cave National Monument
759:Joseph Brennan – Fantasy in
284:
231:Storm drain § Residence
7:
3020:Underground House Las Vegas
2384:National Mining Association
2211:Raven Rock Mountain Complex
1063:Homeless Friendly Precincts
767:Teun Voeten – Tunnel People
570:"The Mole People revisited"
568:Adams, Cecil (2004-03-05).
549:Adams, Cecil (2004-01-09).
363:, a recurring character on
317:
72:, discuss the issue on the
10:
3144:
3015:Underground House Colorado
2944:Underground City, Montreal
2939:Underground City (Beijing)
2324:Tunnels in popular culture
2166:Underground City, Montreal
2161:Underground City (Beijing)
2106:816 Nuclear Military Plant
1836:Mammoth Cave National Park
345:
228:
29:
3059:
3046:Hockerton Housing Project
3033:
2997:
2881:
2829:
2767:
2626:
2595:
2587:Man-made and man-related
2434:
2351:
2276:
2255:
2248:
2131:Cheyenne Mountain Complex
2098:
1875:
1868:
1798:
1616:
1609:
1555:
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1490:
1459:
1411:
1393:Eastern European children
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1378:
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1208:
1177:
1168:
1123:
1071:
1018:
968:
892:
814:
727:Morton, Margaret (1995).
587:Morton, Margaret (1995).
239:Entry into the Las Vegas
224:
40:Mole Men (disambiguation)
3098:Culture of New York City
3060:Earth shelters Australia
2840:underground construction
2497:Underground construction
2369:Cave Research Foundation
1131:Homelessness Action Week
731:. Yale University Press.
530:Brennan, Joseph (1996).
394:La Promesse des ténèbres
308:Shine A Light Foundation
3093:Subterranea (geography)
2800:Missile launch facility
1983:Missile launch facility
1856:Wind Cave National Park
1228:Latin American children
3025:Underground World Home
2136:Chicago Tunnel Company
1775:Subterranean waterfall
1151:Street Child World Cup
1136:Homeless Persons' Week
576:. Chicago Reader, Inc.
557:. Chicago Reader, Inc.
251:as well. Photographer
244:
155:, and heating shafts.
116:
38:. For other uses, see
32:The Mole People (film)
2914:Kőbánya cellar system
2909:Houston tunnel system
2848:Rock-cut architecture
2151:Kőbánya cellar system
2141:Houston tunnel system
2121:Almadén Mercury Mines
2116:The Caves of Ægissíða
1099:Single-room occupancy
991:Homelessness services
612:Voeten, Teun (2010).
268:Voices in the Tunnels
238:
176:, in the area called
111:
36:Mole people (fiction)
2989:Subterranean fiction
2984:Subterranean warfare
2546:Subterranean warfare
2319:Subterranea (comics)
2304:Moria (Middle-earth)
2284:Allegory of the cave
2268:Subterranean fiction
1318:Bangladeshi children
1115:Transitional housing
441:The Austin Chronicle
421:Housethehomeless.com
388:based on the concept
255:made the photo book
208:New York City Subway
174:New York City Subway
78:create a new article
70:improve this article
2979:Subterranean Toledo
2974:Subterranean London
2894:Caves of Maastricht
2858:Tunnel construction
2639:Burial vault (tomb)
2502:Tunnel construction
2226:Subterranean Toledo
2221:Subterranean London
2111:Caves of Maastricht
940:Vulnerability Index
772:Narratively article
448:on 20 December 2002
324:Avinguda de la Llum
3113:Underground cities
2934:Underground living
2816:Underground hangar
2524:Mining engineering
2509:Underground living
2334:Underland (Narnia)
2249:Fictional features
2028:Underground hangar
1770:Subterranean river
1765:Subterranean fauna
1141:Homeless World Cup
697:The New York Times
334:Underground living
245:
117:
3118:Urban exploration
3080:
3079:
3034:Earth shelters UK
3005:Bill Gates' house
2998:Earth shelters US
2768:Military features
2759:Ventilation shaft
2627:Civilian features
2554:
2553:
2442:Cave conservation
2347:
2346:
2244:
2243:
2090:Ventilation shaft
1869:Man-made features
1864:
1863:
1569:
1568:
1551:
1550:
1521:
1520:
1365:Filipino children
1195:Ghanaian children
1164:
1163:
1041:Four penny coffin
986:Homeless ministry
719:978-1-933693-06-4
627:978-1-60486-070-2
574:The Straight Dope
555:The Straight Dope
339:Urban exploration
217:The Straight Dope
203:Los Angeles Times
180:. Anthropologist
106:
105:
98:
80:, as appropriate.
16:(Redirected from
3135:
3041:Underhill, Holme
2949:Mine exploration
2811:Underground base
2806:Scallywag bunker
2775:Air raid shelter
2754:Smuggling tunnel
2719:Underground city
2659:Dugout (shelter)
2596:Natural features
2581:
2574:
2567:
2558:
2557:
2519:Mine exploration
2294:Greek Underworld
2253:
2252:
2231:Turda Salt Mines
2216:Shanghai tunnels
2080:Smuggling tunnel
2023:Underground base
2018:Underground city
1933:Dugout (shelter)
1883:Air raid shelter
1873:
1872:
1831:Lechuguilla Cave
1811:Castellana Caves
1780:Underground lake
1614:
1613:
1610:Natural features
1596:
1589:
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1538:Papua New Guinea
1383:
1382:
1175:
1174:
1094:Right to housing
1089:Rapid Re-Housing
1026:Homeless shelter
1016:
1015:
1003:Street newspaper
955:Social cleansing
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444:. Archived from
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303:Beneath the Neon
291:Las Vegas Valley
101:
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53:
52:
45:
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3103:Homeless people
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3072:Lightning Ridge
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2795:Fallout shelter
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2146:Kosvinsky Kamen
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1953:Fallout shelter
1923:Crypt Mausoleum
1860:
1851:Veryovkina Cave
1841:Reed Flute Cave
1794:
1701:Solutional cave
1649:Communal burrow
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1056:Women's shelter
1014:
981:Hygiene program
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930:Popular culture
925:Patient dumping
888:
852:Street children
810:
805:
761:The Mole People
739:
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685:Further reading
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649:abcnews.go.com/
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534:The Mole People
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356:H. P. Lovecraft
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329:Sewer alligator
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253:Margaret Morton
233:
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133:tunnel dwellers
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2954:Mines of Paris
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2929:Trench warfare
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2924:Tunnel network
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2919:Tunnel warfare
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2882:Related topics
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2734:Secret passage
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2492:Trench warfare
2489:
2487:Tunnel network
2484:
2482:Tunnel warfare
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2454:
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2435:Related topics
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2198:
2193:
2191:Mount Yamantau
2188:
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196:'s 1993 book
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194:Jennifer Toth
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2889:Cave dweller
2749:Storm cellar
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2447:Cave dweller
2309:Nome Kingdom
2263:Hollow Earth
2176:Maginot Line
2075:Storm cellar
1893:Burial vault
1755:Rock shelter
1666:Glacier cave
1482:Vatican City
1200:South Africa
1046:Penny sit-up
976:Soup kitchen
950:Survival sex
935:Spirituality
910:Bumvertising
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808:Homelessness
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652:. Retrieved
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532:"Fantasy in
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483:. Retrieved
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450:. Retrieved
446:the original
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366:The Simpsons
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361:Hans Moleman
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3123:Urban decay
3067:Coober Pedy
2959:Mole people
2904:Coober Pedy
2821:Spider hole
2704:Root cellar
2589:subterranea
2529:Mole people
2514:Mine rescue
2462:Cave rescue
2452:Cave diving
2196:Mogao Caves
2126:Coober Pedy
2085:Spider hole
2063:Septic tank
2003:Root cellar
1654:Paleoburrow
1603:Subterranea
1543:New Zealand
1513:Switzerland
1508:Netherlands
1360:North Korea
1280:Minneapolis
842:Mole people
822:Aged people
708:Pitch Black
452:20 December
386:Neil Gaiman
273:Teun Voeten
212:Cecil Adams
182:Teun Voeten
170:Marc Singer
125:mole people
123:, the term
3087:Categories
2541:Speleology
2534:in fiction
2314:Pellucidar
2156:Kome Caves
1806:Balve Cave
1750:Pit crater
1706:Talus cave
1629:Ant colony
1285:New Mexico
1253:California
1238:LGBT youth
1170:By country
406:References
391:The novel
381:Neverwhere
275:published
257:The Tunnel
229:See also:
3128:Squatting
2835:quarrying
2729:Wine cave
2649:Catacombs
2457:Cave gate
2329:Underdark
2277:Exemplars
2099:Exemplars
2038:Wine cave
1913:Catacombs
1799:Exemplars
1696:Show cave
1686:Lava tube
1681:Lava cave
1533:Australia
1340:Indonesia
1300:Elsewhere
1221:Vancouver
1124:Awareness
1110:Tent city
1105:Squatting
969:Responses
837:McRefugee
474:IndieWire
285:Las Vegas
262:Dark Days
165:Dark Days
86:July 2018
74:talk page
2790:Casemate
2744:Stepwell
2684:Hypogeum
2674:Erdstall
2664:Dry well
2644:Borehole
2634:Basement
2618:Sinkhole
2070:Stepwell
2058:Sewerage
1968:Hypogeum
1948:Erdstall
1938:Dry well
1918:Casemate
1898:Borehole
1888:Basement
1760:Sinkhole
1691:Pit Cave
1676:Ice cave
1563:Category
1472:Portugal
1449:Scotland
1333:children
1270:Columbus
1265:Colorado
1243:Veterans
1209:Americas
1019:Shelters
862:Vagrants
832:Families
674:8newsnow
503:(1993).
479:Archived
318:See also
184:'s book
145:railroad
137:homeless
68:You may
3051:Malator
2969:Sapping
2689:Manhole
2654:Dungeon
2364:Bergamt
2289:Batcave
2236:Yaodong
1973:Manhole
1963:Foxhole
1928:Dungeon
1634:Aquifer
1526:Oceania
1503:Germany
1444:England
1429:Ireland
1424:Finland
1419:Denmark
1398:Hungary
1295:Seattle
1275:Florida
1185:Algeria
1072:Housing
654:23 July
485:13 June
352:K'n-yan
346:Fiction
243:tunnels
119:In the
18:Molemen
2831:Mining
2802:(silo)
2780:Bunker
2709:Tunnel
2613:Grotto
2608:Cenote
2472:Caving
2394:Grotto
2008:Tunnel
1993:Quarry
1903:Bunker
1790:Warren
1713:Cenote
1671:Grotto
1639:Burrow
1624:Alcove
1498:France
1467:Greece
1434:Sweden
1403:Russia
1379:Europe
1350:Israel
1290:Oregon
1216:Canada
1178:Africa
1079:Foyers
893:Issues
872:Tramps
867:Bergie
815:People
716:
624:
595:
513:
225:Cities
141:subway
2837:, and
2679:Fogou
2256:Types
1958:Fogou
1876:Types
1718:Karst
1617:Types
1477:Spain
1460:South
1412:North
1355:Japan
1328:India
1323:China
1248:Women
1190:Egypt
1101:(SRO)
884:Youth
877:Hobos
149:flood
76:, or
2724:Well
2603:Cave
2033:Well
1978:Mine
1738:Nest
1661:Cave
1491:West
1386:East
1345:Iraq
1311:Asia
1008:List
996:List
945:Pets
714:ISBN
656:2020
622:ISBN
593:ISBN
511:ISBN
487:2017
454:2002
1743:Bee
397:by
214:'s
131:or
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