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were used to build walls into the ground. These walls acted as braces while the area in between them was excavated to form the tunnel. A roof was then built between the walls, making them permanent sidewalls of the tunnels. In order to maintain traffic flow, the tunnels were built in sections. After
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The
Mitchell Interchange opened in 1966; its original design consisted of seven roadway bridges, serving only I-94 and I-894. By 1988, I-43 was extended southwest through this interchange. In 1999, US 41 was rerouted onto I-94 in the Milwaukee metropolitan area. In 2015, US 41 was rerouted
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The primary features of the reconstructed interchange are three tunnels. The use of tunnels instead of bridges was chosen because it reduced the height of the interchange, allowed for fewer closures, and reduced the cost of the reconstruction project by $ 10 million. The tunnels feature an advanced
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completion of a section, a roadway was relocated over it to make space for the next section to be built. Other work on the project included the construction of thirteen new bridges and the installation of retaining walls. The fast pace of the project required work to be done seven days a week.
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Contracts for preparation work were awarded in 2009 and 2010. The contract for the interchange itself was awarded in the summer of 2010. The main feature of the new interchange design was three tunnels. All three were built using the
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The reconstruction was completed in
November 2012. Several former movements changed after completion. Northbound I-94 to westbound I-894/I-43 changed from a left-hand exit bridge to a right-hand exit tunnel under I-94.
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were added along both sides of I-94 from
College Avenue to South 13th Street. The movement from eastbound I-894/I-41/I-43 to northbound I-94/I-43 also changed from a left-hand exit to a right-hand exit before
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to the west. Since I-41 was signed in 2015, it goes north from I-94/US 41 north to I-894 west at
Mitchell Interchange, and I-41 south goes from I-43 north/I-894 east to I-94 east; US 41 follows I-41.
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209:. I-94 is the North–South Freeway. I-894 is the Airport Freeway. I-41/US 41 travels south and west of the interchange. I-43 travels west and north of the interchange.
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lighting system. The brightness of the lights is adjusted based on the conditions outside to give drivers a smooth transition in and out of the tunnels. There are
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inside the tunnels. The tunnels measure 585 feet (178 m), 744 feet (227 m), and 650 feet (198 m) in length.
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307:(WIS 241). This ramp is also a tunnel under I-94. The reconstruction was named as one of
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onto I-894, bypassing
Downtown Milwaukee, and was paired with the newly-established I-41.
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561:(Map) (1999–2000 ed.). 1:823,680. Madison: Wisconsin Department of Transportation.
494:(Map) (1987–1988 ed.). 1:823,680. Madison: Wisconsin Department of Transportation.
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596:(Map) (2001–2002 ed.). 1:823,680. Madison: Wisconsin Department of Transportation
533:(Map) (1989–1990 ed.). 1:823,680. Madison: Wisconsin Department of Transportation
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388:"Risk Mitigation Strategies for Cut and Cover Tunnels at the Mitchell Interchange"
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513:– via American Geographical Society Library Digital Map Collection.
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477:– via American Geographical Society Library Digital Map Collection.
452:– via American Geographical Society Library Digital Map Collection.
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In 2009 a complete reconstruction of the interchange began as part of
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Wisconsin
Department of Transportation Division of Highways (1989).
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Wisconsin
Department of Transportation Division of Highways (1987).
437:(Map). 1:823,680. Madison: State Highway Commission of Wisconsin.
469:(Map). 1:823,680. Madison: State Highway Commission of Wisconsin
690:"Mitchell Interchange Reconstruction Makes Top 10 Roads List"
665:"Parts of the Mitchell Interchange to Close for Construction"
414:"US 41 Named Officially to Interstate Highway System"
239:The control cities at the interchange are Downtown
357:"Light Control for Milwaukee Interchange Tunnels"
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617:"It's Officially Interstate 41 Now in Wisconsin"
587:Wisconsin Department of Transportation (2001).
552:Wisconsin Department of Transportation (1999).
463:State Highway Commission of Wisconsin (1967).
431:State Highway Commission of Wisconsin (1966).
281:I-94 North-South Reconstruction Program.
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207:General Mitchell International Airport
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311:magazine's top ten projects of 2012.
692:. Collins Engineers. Archived from
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205:. It is named for its proximity to
16:Interchange in Milwaukee, Wisconsin
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247:to the south and a combination of
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722:Road interchanges in Wisconsin
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412:Srubas, Paul (April 9, 2015).
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157:Semi-directional Y interchange
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727:Transportation in Milwaukee
300:Collector-distributor lanes
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590:Official State Highway Map
555:Official State Highway Map
291:Secant pile drilled shafts
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621:Green Bay Press-Gazette
418:Green Bay Press Gazette
642:"Mitchell Interchange"
332:"Mitchell Interchange"
527:Wisconsin Highway Map
491:Wisconsin Highway Map
466:Wisconsin Highway Map
434:Wisconsin Highway Map
305:Wisconsin Highway 241
181:on the south side of
644:. Lunda Construction
183:Milwaukee, Wisconsin
175:Mitchell Interchange
71:42.9620°N 87.93493°W
42:Milwaukee, Wisconsin
27:Mitchell Interchange
309:Roads & Bridges
67: /
393:. Malcolm Drilling
76:42.9620; -87.93493
289:top down-method.
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21:Road junction
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698:. Retrieved
694:the original
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672:. Retrieved
663:Byman, Jon.
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646:. Retrieved
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626:February 28,
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363:. March 2012
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235:Designations
229:firefighting
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174:
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149:Construction
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361:Tunnel Talk
257:Fond du Lac
213:Description
179:interchange
177:is a major
74: /
49:Coordinates
716:Categories
315:References
227:to aid in
225:standpipes
110:US 41
62:87°56′06″W
59:42°57′43″N
700:April 23,
674:April 23,
648:April 22,
600:April 24,
572:April 24,
537:April 24,
509:April 24,
500:314276560
473:April 24,
448:April 24,
443:904962050
397:April 22,
367:April 22,
338:April 22,
241:Milwaukee
567:47286364
504:17746029
279:WisDOT's
218:Features
189:(I-41),
108: /
89:junction
87:Roads at
36:Location
264:History
253:Madison
245:Chicago
565:
498:
441:
334:. HNTB
249:Beloit
201:, and
185:, for
166:WisDOT
594:(PDF)
559:(PDF)
531:(PDF)
391:(PDF)
203:I-894
140:I-894
702:2015
676:2015
669:WTMJ
650:2018
628:2021
602:2021
574:2021
563:OCLC
539:2021
511:2021
496:OCLC
475:2021
450:2021
439:OCLC
399:2018
369:2018
340:2018
255:and
199:I-94
195:I-43
173:The
154:Type
130:I-94
120:I-43
106:I-41
718::
667:.
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348:^
323:^
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Text is available under the Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike License. Additional terms may apply.