71:
3158:
514:, subsequently identifying with the Portuguese over and above their indigenous identities. Despite their loyalty, the ethnic group faced economic and political adversity at hands of the white population during times of economic hardship for whites. These actions lead to ostracizing Mestiços from their inherited economic benefits which sparked the group to take a new sociopolitical direction. However, since the 400 year
1327:
31:
644:
The
Kristang (otherwise known as "Portuguese-Eurasians" or "Malacca Portuguese") or Serani are a creole ethnic group of people of predominantly mixed Portuguese and Malaccan descent, with substantial Dutch, British, Jewish, Malay, Chinese and Indian heritage. They are based in Malaysia and to some
755:
2010 0807895946- Page 33 "THE ROLE OF THE ENVIRONMENT IN DEFINING RACE. In establishing the framework for the "problem" of racial mixing, Nina
Rodriguex ... His broad definition of mestiçagem came in part from what he viewed as a long history of genetic intermingling and intermixing in Brazil's
596:
from the seventeenth century, the term "castiço" came to be applied used for
Portuguese persons born in India without any racial mixing, while "mestiço" applied to anyone with any European ancestor, however remote. The mestiço children of wealthy Portuguese men were often sent to
241:
appeared, with the introduction of
African slavery by the Portuguese to Brazil and subsequent assimilation of them, whether enslaved, free or runaway, in both Portuguese settlements and Indigenous villages, as well as the Portuguese colonization of Africa and Asia.
741:
0271052465 2012 p.148 "The Dia do Mestiço occurs on June 27, three days after the Day of the
Caboclo (Dia do Caboclo), the caboclos ... although the 1890 census used the term "mestiço", subsequent censuses replaced it with "pardo", reflecting a return to previous
806:
795:
0857457632 2013 p.120 "If a White father did not recognize a Mestiço child as his own, the child would be treated as Black, a bastard who belonged neither to the world of White ... The term Mestiço designated an individual of mixed
European and Asian
724:
140083743X 2014 - "The 1890 census, like the previous census, used the color categories white, black, and caboclo, but the term mestiço was substituted for pardo. Thus, I combine mestiço and caboclo to form an equivalent brown category for
827:
9004168168 2010 p.92 "In the seventeenth century, the term Castiço came to be applied to
Portuguese people born in India without any infusion of Asian blood, and the term Mestiço to anyone who had a European ancestor, however
577:
islands during the early years of settlement from modern Benin, Gabon, the
Republic of the Congo, the Democratic Republic of the Congo, and Angola (these people also are known as filhos da terra or "children of the land").
769:
1604975296 2008 "That is why, instead of a term which is quite shocking for delicate spirits, society tends to prefer more ethically correct words or expressions, such as mestiço, “African” or “coloured
2957:
376:", particularly in the context of complexion), evolved to mean any visibly mixed-race person that would not pass for any other race, to the exception of those of lighter complexion, who could be
510:
Although they make up about 2% of the population, they are the socially elite and racially privileged group in the country. Historically, Mestiços formed social and cultural allegiances with
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534:
population. Since the Mestiços are generally better educated than the rest of the indigenous black population, they exercise influence in government disproportionate to their numbers.
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to study. Sometimes they remained there and established families. Many
Portuguese-born mestiços became prominent politicians, lawyers, writers or celebrities.
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2311:
565:
are of mixed Bantu and
Portuguese heritage. According to the 2017 census there are 212,540 of Mestiços in Mozambique, making 0,79% of the population.
472:
403:
The term was and is used to describe individuals born from any mixture of different ethnicities. Mainly these individuals usually have a blend in
633:) descent, starting in the 16th century. The locals who converted to Christianity but did not have any European blood were called, "indiacatos".
1308:
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1633:
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in the English language) are the production of Native American and African ancestors. If someone has a mix of all three they are known as "
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1301:
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was substituted for "pardo" in the 1890 census, alongside "caboclo" (brown), but then returned to "pardo" in subsequent censuses.
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1704:
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range is broad with a number of members possessing physical characteristics that are close to others within the indigenous black
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Even before the use of the Portuguese language in public became mandatory for Brazilians, nevertheless, other categories of
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There is a small community in Macau called the Macanese, in which they are mixed with Portuguese and Cantonese descent.
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1821:
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95:
1809:
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518:, the ethnic group has retained their position of entitlement which is highly evident in the political, economic and
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is a Portuguese term that referred to persons of mixed European and Indigenous non-European ancestry in the former
780:
Fractionalization in Portuguese colonial territories in 1950, according to the Portuguese Yearbook, 1950, vol. II.
625:(Portuguese for "Mixed People") or Casados ("Married") were applied to people of mixed Portuguese and Sri Lankan (
2336:
1525:
228:, "heart", the way Indigenous mothers referred to their children. In modern-day Brazil (most particularly in the
2811:
2395:
2222:
1954:
1794:
1503:
1225:
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500:
196:), given the fact that most Brazilians, even those living in ubiquitously Christian villages and towns, spoke
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population. He believed that the crossing of races created a "truly mestiço, intermediate way of being" ..."
605:, who was briefly Prime Minister of Portugal in 1978, was of Goan descent on his father's side. Similarly,
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Mestiços of São Tomé and Príncipe are descendants of Portuguese colonists and African slaves brought to
339:
berries, produced by the juçara palm tree). Any person of mixed African descent could be referred to as
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2611:
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562:
511:
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807:""UNdata | record view | population by national and/or ethnic group, sex and urban/rural residential""
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would be a visibly tri-racial person of mixed African, European and Amerindian descent (from Tupi
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229:
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1994:
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841:
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609:, who was Prime Minister of Portugal from 2015 to 2024, is 1/4 Goan through his father,
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2014:
2004:
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1618:
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985:
779:
618:
515:
416:
353:, "goat", being a common synonym of man in Brazilian Portuguese, particularly in the
209:
49:
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In East Timor, there is a minority of people with are half Timorese and Portuguese.
452:
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2019:
1999:
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676:
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Mestiço communities in Portuguese Macau, Portuguese Malacca, and Portuguese Timor
404:
232:), nevertheless, this word became general slang for any boy, regardless of race.
83:
61:
581:
203:
118:, "tawny, swarthy, tanned" but also "dark colored" or "dark-haired human", from
2636:
2447:
1404:
970:
914:
897:
335:, "palm tree", "thorny one(s)", possibly by comparison of their phenotype with
35:
78:, in France: Indians, mestiços, examples of the fauna and flora of the country
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3123:
3068:
2821:
2540:
1220:
1215:
938:
929:
924:
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being someone who was a quarter Amerindian and three quarters African, and a
197:
152:
137:
fell in disuse in Brazil and was replaced by the much more familiar-sounding
106:", probably referring to the common Iberian comparisons of swarthy people to
357:), which initially referred to a young child of a black and a white person.
103:
2363:
1568:
1188:
681:
630:
587:
39:
3016:
546:, 1% of the population is of mixed African Native and Portuguese descent.
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3256:
3247:
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1210:
1120:
1009:
1003:
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892:
686:
317:, "forest dweller") was a person of Amerindian and African descent, with
70:
1425:
1055:
708:
African Roots, Brazilian Rites: Cultural and National Identity in Brazil
670:
113:
2763:
2326:
1478:
1354:
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257:) was a person of simultaneous visible European and African descent. A
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Mixed indigenous and European descendants in former Portuguese colonies
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348:
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1040:
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909:
846:
527:
336:
107:
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710:'Mestiço' p. 226 note 22 "Jacque uses the term... instead of mulato"
385:
2427:
1398:
1155:
1147:
1019:
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427:
254:
89:
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1115:
168:, "what comes from the white man"; could also mean the child of a
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1160:
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Race in Another America: The Significance of Skin Color in Brazil
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lineages. They tend to be Portuguese culturally and to have full
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373:
248:
177:
140:
20:
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991:
431:. Individuals of European and African ancestry are described as
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1335:
523:
433:
372:, the Portuguese word for a light brown color ("the color of a
74:
An image describing Brazil, at the end of the 19th century, by
400:
evolved to mean only those of African descent more recently).
1411:
1133:
1100:
902:
582:
Mestiço communities in Portuguese India and Portuguese Ceylon
568:
448:
443:
368:
260:
191:
125:
34:
Mestiço man with gun and sword under a fruiting papaya tree,
1027:
30:
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Brazil's Living Museum: Race, Reform, and Tradition in ...
208:
until the late 18th century, when they were banned by the
767:
The Creole Elite and the Rise of Angolan Protonationalism
842:
http://www.iht.com/articles/2006/11/13/news/brazil.php
793:
The Colours of the Empire: Racialized Representations
188:
and an Indigenous person, equivalent to the Spanish
538:
Mestiço communities in Guinea-Bissau and Cape Verde
556:
419:and Native American parents are commonly known as
94:, persons born from a couple in which one was an
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782:Racial composition of total population (Page: 6)
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174:and a white person, equivalent to the Spanish
55:
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2261:
1309:
862:
488:The Mestiço are primarily of mixed European,
189:
175:
739:: Multiracial Identity and the Brazilian ...
455:) (June 27 is an official date in States of
415:. there are specific groups like - European/
158:, "the ones coming from the wilderness") or
1241:Pre-Columbian transoceanic contact theories
553:, 69% of population is of mestiço descent.
459:) to celebrate racial unity in the nation,
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3088:
2268:
2254:
1316:
1302:
869:
855:
773:
569:Mestiço community in São Tomé and Príncipe
451:". Brazil celebrates The Mixed Race Day (
69:
29:
3109:
3478:
876:
3083:
2249:
1297:
850:
86:, it was initially used to refer to
2342:Sixth (New) Republic (1985–present)
2275:
13:
516:Portuguese presence in the country
14:
3537:
2337:Military dictatorship (1964–1985)
835:
3156:
2322:First (Old) Republic (1889–1930)
1325:
825:Fort Cochin in Kerala, 1750-1830
575:Portuguese São Tomé and Príncipe
345:(lit. "young, small goat"; with
557:Mestiço community of Mozambique
425:or, more commonly in the past,
212:in 1777. A young Indigenous or
1226:Origins of Hutu, Tutsi and Twa
817:
799:
785:
759:
745:
728:
714:
699:
394:, "red-haired"; nevertheless,
102:. It literally translates as "
1:
3501:Multiracial affairs in Brazil
3491:Multiracial affairs in Africa
1184:Cherokee freedmen controversy
692:
3521:Portuguese words and phrases
390:(if light-haired, from Tupi
7:
3511:Latin American caste system
3496:Multiracial affairs in Asia
2784:Water supply and sanitation
2332:Fourth Republic (1946–1964)
2307:Colonial Brazil (1500–1815)
651:
484:Mestiço community in Angola
479:Mestiço community in Africa
56:Mestiço community in Brazil
10:
3542:
2312:United Kingdom (1815–1822)
1257:Contemporary ethnic groups
585:
313:(the last three from Tupi
59:
38:, mid-seventeenth century
19:For the Spanish term, see
18:
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3165:
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2566:President of the Republic
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2475:
2359:
2350:
2287:
2195:
2136:
2085:
2054:
2028:
1987:
1978:
1962:
1953:
1887:
1871:
1840:
1782:
1773:
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1747:
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1632:
1599:
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1465:
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1249:
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885:
791:Patricia Ferraz de Matos
522:hierarchy in present-day
76:Nouveau Larousse illustré
2489:Administrative divisions
1558:American (United States)
617:is also part Indian. In
563:population of Mozambique
3506:Ethnic groups in Brazil
621:(Sri Lanka), the names
613:. Television presenter
182:, or to the child of a
2645:Science and technology
2327:Vargas Era (1930–1946)
2203:Demographics of Brazil
1332:Ancestry and ethnicity
603:Alfredo Nobre da Costa
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1580:Santa Bárbara d'Oeste
645:extent in Singapore.
200:and the Tupi-derived
73:
33:
2463:World Heritage Sites
2396:Environmental issues
2369:Brazilian Antarctica
1204:Interracial marriage
1199:Interethnic marriage
981:Eurasian Singaporean
512:Portuguese colonists
382:(if dark-haired) or
360:In Brazil, the word
66:Mixed-race Brazilian
3210:Trinidad and Tobago
3012:Syncretic Religions
2920:Freedom of religion
2602:Automotive industry
734:G. Reginald Daniel
2972:Eastern Orthodoxy
2965:Ukrainian Catholic
2660:Telecommunications
2317:Empire (1822–1889)
2302:Indigenous peoples
1361:Indigenous peoples
1283:Race of the future
1267:luk khrueng people
561:A minority of the
501:indigenous African
475:) occurs June 24.
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2749:Income inequality
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2556:National Congress
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2504:Foreign relations
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1949:
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1291:
1290:
751:Anadelia A. Romo
720:Edward E. Telles
619:Portuguese Ceylon
594:colonies in India
467:. The Day of the
210:Marquis of Pombal
161:cariboca/curiboca
50:Portuguese Empire
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2612:Economic history
2597:Animal husbandry
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1985:
1984:
1960:
1959:
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1549:
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986:Filipino Mestizo
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857:
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737:Machado de Assis
732:
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718:
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705:Cheryl Sterling
703:
659:Lusotropicalismo
615:Catarina Furtado
611:Orlando da Costa
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98:and the other a
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2433:Protected areas
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1980:
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1941:
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409:Native American
218:boy would be a
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84:Colonial Brazil
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62:Pardo Brazilian
60:Main articles:
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2418:Largest cities
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2403:Extreme points
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2379:Climate change
2371:
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2196:Related topics
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2017:
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1405:Amazonian Jews
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915:Cape Coloureds
907:
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898:Amazonian Jews
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836:External links
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592:In Portugal's
586:Main article:
583:
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539:
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485:
482:
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477:
473:Dia do Caboclo
453:Dia do Mestiço
204:línguas gerais
108:North Africans
57:
54:
36:Albert Eckhout
15:
9:
6:
4:
3:
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3138:Guinea-Bissau
3136:
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3125:
3124:Luso-Africans
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2990:Protestantism
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2934:Christianity
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2774:States by HDI
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2769:Social issues
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2175:Luxembourgian
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2018:
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2011:
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1677:South America
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1552:North America
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1234:
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1221:One-drop rule
1219:
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1216:Miscegenation
1214:
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1200:
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961:Anglo-Burmese
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823:Anjana Singh
820:
813:. 2023-01-06.
812:
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665:Luso-Africans
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634:
632:
628:
624:
620:
616:
612:
608:
607:António Costa
604:
600:
595:
589:
579:
576:
566:
564:
554:
552:
547:
545:
544:Guinea-Bissau
535:
533:
529:
525:
521:
517:
513:
508:
506:
502:
499:and/or other
498:
495:
491:
476:
474:
470:
466:
462:
458:
454:
450:
446:
445:
440:
436:
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430:
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424:
423:
418:
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406:
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398:
393:
388:
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380:
375:
371:
370:
365:
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351:
350:
343:
338:
334:
329:
328:
321:
316:
311:
305:
299:
293:
287:
281:
275:
269:
263:
262:
256:
251:
250:
243:
239:
233:
231:
227:
222:
216:
211:
206:
205:
199:
194:
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186:
180:
179:
172:
167:
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157:
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149:
143:
142:
135:
129:
127:
122:
116:
115:
109:
105:
101:
97:
92:
91:
85:
77:
72:
67:
63:
53:
51:
47:
41:
37:
32:
28:
24:
23:
3148:South Africa
2779:Unemployment
2729:Demographics
2607:Central Bank
2514:Human rights
2494:Constitution
2364:Amazon basin
2208:Colonization
2077:Scandinavian
1963:By ethnicity
1853:East Indians
1810:in São Paulo
1766:(East Asian)
1757:By ethnicity
1569:Confederados
1567:
1496:West Africa
1477:
1466:By ethnicity
1443:
1435:
1426:
1419:
1412:
1397:
1390:
1384:
1377:
1370:
1369:
1353:
1189:Ethnogenesis
1165:
1146:
1139:
1132:
1126:
1106:
1099:
1092:
1080:
1074:
1073:
1054:
1048:
1033:
1026:
1002:
990:
966:Anglo-Indian
951:
903:
824:
819:
810:
801:
792:
787:
775:
766:
761:
752:
747:
735:
730:
721:
716:
706:
701:
682:Luso-Indians
669:
657:
647:
643:
640:
591:
588:Luso-Indians
572:
560:
548:
541:
509:
487:
442:
438:
432:
426:
420:
402:
391:
367:
366:
361:
359:
332:
314:
244:
234:
225:
224:, from Tupi
165:
155:
130:
81:
45:
44:
40:Dutch Brazil
27:
21:
3465:New Zealand
3405:Netherlands
3321:Middle East
3248:Luso-Asians
2938:Catholicism
2852:Malandragem
2817:Archaeology
2744:Immigration
2650:Stock index
2592:Agriculture
2391:Environment
2223:from Europe
2218:Immigration
2213:Slave trade
1979:By country
1915:Palestinian
1848:Bangladeshi
1774:By country
1642:Costa Rican
1479:quilombolas
1211:Melting pot
1121:Mixed-blood
1010:Luso-Asians
1004:Luk khrueng
878:Multiracial
811:data.un.org
687:Luso-Asians
3480:Categories
3400:Luxembourg
3300:Sri Lanka
3225:New Jersey
3143:Mozambique
3111:Portuguese
2977:Antiochian
2902:Television
2872:Newspapers
2847:Literature
2719:Corruption
2714:Censorship
2639:(currency)
2509:Government
2230:Emigration
2118:Portuguese
2113:Macedonian
2072:Lithuanian
2036:Belarusian
1832:Vietnamese
1800:Indonesian
1735:Venezuelan
1725:Surinamese
1715:Paraguayan
1705:Ecuadorian
1667:Salvadoran
1662:Panamanian
1657:Nicaraguan
1647:Guatemalan
1366:Mixed-race
1355:Brazilians
976:Dutch Indo
943:Eurasians
893:Afro-Asian
693:References
551:Cape Verde
505:Portuguese
494:indigenous
441:(known as
417:Portuguese
298:cabo-verde
145:(formerly
3516:Ethnonyms
3455:Australia
3279:Mardijker
3269:Indonesia
3237:Venezuela
3173:Argentina
3022:Quimbanda
3017:Candomblé
2887:Sculpture
2862:Mythology
2812:Animation
2754:Languages
2734:Education
2675:Transport
2536:Judiciary
2499:Elections
2448:Time Zone
2423:Mountains
2386:Coastline
2352:Geography
2148:British (
2093:Bulgarian
2046:Ukrainian
2010:Hungarian
1981:or region
1858:Pakistani
1822:Malaysian
1776:or region
1730:Uruguayan
1700:Colombian
1685:Argentine
1609:Barbadian
1601:Caribbean
1575:New Texas
1563:Americana
1526:Congolese
1399:mamelucos
1262:Diasporas
1069:Melungeon
1035:Hùnxuě'ér
947:Amerasian
910:Coloureds
796:descent."
627:Sinhalese
532:non-mixed
528:phenotype
355:northeast
166:kari'boka
131:The term
90:mamelucos
3422:Slovenia
3309:Mestiços
3304:Burghers
3296:Pakistan
3291:Malaysia
3205:Suriname
3166:Americas
3113:diaspora
3064:Category
3002:Hinduism
2951:Maronite
2930:Buddhism
2912:Religion
2877:Painting
2827:Carnaval
2709:Abortion
2655:Taxation
2627:Industry
2551:Military
2477:Politics
2458:Wildlife
2428:Pantanal
2297:Timeline
2281:articles
2154:Scottish
2123:Romanian
2098:Croatian
2086:Southern
2062:Estonian
2055:Northern
1995:Austrian
1910:Lebanese
1895:Armenian
1841:Southern
1805:Japanese
1795:Filipino
1720:Peruvian
1710:Guyanese
1690:Bolivian
1652:Honduran
1624:Jamaican
1587:Canadian
1545:Americas
1504:Nigerian
1427:caiçaras
1392:caboclos
1371:mestiços
1276:See also
1156:Quadroon
1148:mameluco
1056:caiçaras
1041:Chindian
1020:Topasses
1015:Macanese
998:Kristang
828:remote."
671:Lançados
652:See also
623:Mestiços
599:Portugal
526:. Their
520:cultural
457:Amazonas
428:mameluco
413:European
342:cabrocha
315:caá-poré
286:carafuzo
134:mameluco
104:mameluke
100:European
3526:Mulatto
3486:Mestizo
3448:Oceania
3390:Iceland
3385:Germany
3375:Finland
3370:Denmark
3360:Croatia
3355:Belgium
3350:Austria
3232:Uruguay
3048:Outline
3027:Umbanda
3007:Judaism
2958:Melkite
2842:Cuisine
2804:Culture
2789:Welfare
2697:Society
2665:Tourism
2622:Exports
2580:Economy
2438:Regions
2413:Islands
2408:Geology
2374:Climate
2289:History
2150:English
2144:Belgian
2137:Western
2128:Spanish
2108:Italian
2067:Latvian
2041:Russian
2029:Eastern
1988:Central
1937:Turkish
1927:Iranian
1888:Western
1872:Central
1790:Chinese
1783:Eastern
1695:Chilean
1619:Haitian
1592:Mexican
1521:Angolan
1485:Kalunga
1445:sararás
1436:mulatos
1420:juçaras
1413:cafuzos
1378:ainokos
1236:Plaçage
1231:Passing
1194:Exogamy
1177:History
1161:Sacatra
1141:caboclo
1127:mulatos
1094:castizo
1088:Mestizo
1075:mestiço
1064:Marabou
1049:juçaras
971:Burgher
953:Bụi đời
925:Griquas
920:Basters
507:names.
497:Angolan
469:Caboclo
465:Roraima
461:Paraíba
439:Cafuzos
422:caboclo
405:African
392:sara-ra
386:sararás
379:morenos
374:leopard
362:mestiço
333:yi'sara
292:cafúzio
280:carafuz
238:mestiço
215:caboclo
185:caboclo
178:castizo
171:caboclo
156:ka'abok
151:, from
141:caboclo
46:Mestiço
22:Mestizo
3460:Hawaii
3427:Sweden
3417:Norway
3380:France
3343:Europe
3334:Turkey
3329:Israel
3246:Asia (
3220:Hawaii
3200:Mexico
3195:Guyana
3190:Canada
3183:Pardos
3178:Brazil
3133:Angola
3120:Africa
3069:Portal
2925:Baháʼí
2897:Sports
2837:Comics
2832:Cinema
2764:People
2739:Health
2632:Mining
2617:Energy
2443:Rivers
2279:
2277:Brazil
2235:Racism
2165:French
2015:Polish
2005:German
1955:Europe
1932:Jewish
1920:Syrian
1879:Afghan
1863:Romani
1817:Korean
1764:Yellow
1458:Africa
1385:pardos
1347:Brazil
1336:Brazil
1167:sarará
1108:coyote
1081:ainoko
939:Dougla
930:Oorlam
904:cafuzo
880:topics
770:man”."
524:Angola
490:native
434:mulato
411:, and
397:sarará
327:juçara
320:jíbaro
310:caboré
304:caburé
268:cafuso
261:cafuzo
255:muladi
253:(from
249:mulato
164:(from
148:caboco
114:moreno
3286:Macau
3257:India
3055:Index
2997:Islam
2857:Music
2794:Youth
2724:Crime
2637:Real
2170:Irish
2160:Dutch
2103:Greek
2020:Swiss
2000:Czech
1970:White
1905:Iraqi
1614:Cuban
1473:Black
1250:Lists
1134:pardo
1116:Métis
1101:cholo
886:Terms
725:1890.
631:Tamil
492:born
449:pardo
444:zambo
369:Pardo
349:cabra
274:cafuz
230:south
192:cholo
121:mouro
110:(cf.
3437:Jews
3410:Jews
3274:Indo
3262:Jews
2822:Arts
2524:LGBT
2152:and
1900:Arab
1827:Thai
1749:Asia
1028:Hapa
992:Hāfu
742:..."
629:and
463:and
337:açaí
198:Tupi
153:Tupi
128:").
126:Moor
64:and
2985:LDS
2541:Law
1368:or
1334:in
549:In
542:In
307:or
226:pyã
221:piá
124:, "
82:In
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