334:. But upon finding out how wealthy Emden was, the corrupt old baroness increased the property price overnight, incurred new personal debts and engaged local craftsmen to submit false invoices to increase the estate's arrearsâwith the promise of a cut in the profits, in the end, the islands would cost Emden 1.5 million Swiss francs. Emden paid the sum. But Huberman was exasperated when he heard this. He accused Emden of having betrayed him, and the two old friends quarrelled and never spoke with each other again. But the baroness would continue to create new difficulties for Emden. When Emden finally wanted to move onto the islands, the baroness refused to leave, she almost had to be forced out, and that was only possible when Emden purchased a few houses for her on the banks of Ascona for around 55,000 Swiss francs - she was to live in the largest one herself, and rent out the others.
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286:, Switzerland. Emden revealed some grounds for this, he and his wife had become estranged, and both had decided to divorce but wanted to remain good friends. There was also another woman in Emden's life, whom he believed would later marry him. Emden's lover, would later reveal that she would never take a Jew for her husband! and the marriage proposal was rejected in 1926. Emden was forlorn and purchased a revolver, and for some months never left home without it. Emden had framed his life for this woman, for her love of nature, he even bought two island's on
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31:
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in Vienna" (both by
Bernardo Bellotto) be restituted to the heirs of Dr Max James Emden. The two artworks were currently in the possession of the German government. In its decision, the Commission stated: "The systematic destruction of people's economic livelihoods by the Third Reich as a tool of National Socialist racial policy (and precursor to the
282:(and others) and then withdrew more and more from his commercial activities. From then on, the Hamburg company devoted itself to the administration of the still extensive property holding, and Emden also kept the foreign department stores in its possession. To his friends, Emden said 'I want to start a totally new life!', and he travelled to
346:. Brought electricity lines and telephone to the island for some 100,000 Swiss francs. Emden had the gardens renewed and the marina expanded with a flotilla of thirteen motorboats. Though surrounded by a picturesque lake, Emden included a 33-meter-long Roman-style bathing pool decorated with the statue
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After the sudden death of Max Emden in June 1940, his only son, Hans Erich Emden, became the sole heir to his father's fortune. The inheritance included the archipelago of the
Brissago Islands on Lake Maggiore, which became orphaned and neglected from 1941 when Emden's son, branded and deported from
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On 26 March 2019 Germany's
Advisory Commission on the Return of Cultural Property Seized as a Result of Nazi Persecution announced that, in the case of Dr Max James Emden vs. the Federal Republic of Germany, it recommended that the paintings "The Moat of the Zwinger in Dresden" and the "Karlskirche
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premiered in
Hamburg. The film works on the story of Max Emden and depicts the heirs' lavish struggle for restitution and justice against the authorities and private art collectors. Numerous experts comment on the subject of looted art and the works of art that were in the possession of Max Emden.
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Shortly after, Emden's first task was to have the island's existing residence blown up, the spectacle saw the baroness's abandoned haul of cellar junk and tattered documents swirling in the light of day, probably for the first time in some forty years. Emden replaced the island's residence with a
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from the heavily indebted island owner
Baroness Antoinette de Saint LĂ©ger. Whose late Anglo-Irish aristocratic husband had originally purchased in a deserted state for the sum of 25,000 Swiss francs, a not so cheap price in 1885. The idea, came from Emden's old friend, the famous violinist
551:, between the botanical garden and the polo field. The application for naming the path contained the justification: "The path leads right through the former property of Max Emden, which he 'voluntarily' sold to the city of Hamburg in 1935." The central committee of the
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chain. For the stores, Emden acquired plots of land in the centres of German and foreign cities, throughout Europe, in Berlin, Potsdam, Chemnitz, Plauen, Munich, Danzig, Stockholm, Helsinki and
Budapest. Well-known department stores Emden was involved in include the
499:, including annually Emden's ex-wife and her entourageâwho had remarried and was now Countess Einsiedel; the countess' visits were a sensation for Ascona, as the beautiful woman completely ignored the fact that one never got dressed properly there.
616:, Emden's son returned to the Brissago Islands but discovered that some of the furniture had been stolen and several works of art were missing. Emden's son had to give up the Brissago Islands after the Second World War and sold them to the
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locally in Chile. In South
America, Emden's son would later meet his future second wife Ximena, who came from a wealthy family and was able to help him start a new life. Emden's son had several famous paintings in this context, e.g.
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there, which Emden continued to preserve and maintain, is essentially the work of the previous owner of the
Brissago Islands, the Saint LĂ©ger family. The female nude by the sculptor Werner MĂŒller comes from the time of Emden. The
644:, Juan Carlos Emden (grandson) described his grandfather's situation: "The Nazis financially ruined him, forcing him to sell his stores and real estate. By 1937 he had run out of money and started selling his art collection."
263:. Today, the Jenisch-Gymnasium private school is located on the 26,000 m property. In 1910, Emden married the Chilean-born Concordia Gertrud HélÚne Anna (née Sternberg), known as Anita, born 3 November 1888 in Cerro Alegre (
152:, in Hamburg, graduating on 7 September 1893. He studied chemistry and mineralogy in Heidelberg, Genf, ZĂŒrich and Leipzig, earning a doctorate in philosophy in 1898. Emden fulfilled military duty in 1896/97 serving in the
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Hans Erich Emden, with neither Swiss nor German nationality, fled to Chile via Brazil with a
Haitian passport in 1941, delegating the sale of 14 works while abroad to his family's agent Olga Ammann and the dealer Walter
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Inaugural-Dissertation der Hohen
Philosophischen FakultĂ€t der UniversitĂ€t Leipzig zur Erlangung der DoktorwĂŒrde. Druck von Metzger & Wittig, Leipzig 1898 (nicht im Katalog der Deutschen Nationalbibliothek
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The fate of property that belonged to Emden before the rise of the Nazis, including paintings from his collection that ended up in German museums, has been the subject of debate in Germany. The German weekly
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717:(MFAH) with an inaccurate provenance that concealed the history of the painting. After the MFAH refused to restitute the painting the Emden heirs filed a lawsuit in the Southern District of Texas.
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questioned in a 2017 article about Max Emden "whether people in this country have ever really taken the commitment to reparation and also to the establishment of the truth seriously".
687:(1908) by Claude Monet valued at more than $ 30m, was alleged by Emden's heir to have been sold under duress to Swiss art dealer Walter Feilchenfeldt during the Second World War.
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and others, returned to the care of Swiss art dealers, who under unclear circumstances sold the works of art to various collectors, including the German-Swiss arms manufacturer
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restitution claims. How his legacy has been handled has sparked a debate in Germany about the erasure of information concerning the Nazi era and inspired films about his life.
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487:, which is adjacent to the Brissago Islands, but could not secure the same for his son Hans Erich. On his island residence, Emden was visited by numerous celebrities, such as
431:, and parts of his art collection that had been rescued from Germany. As far as Emden's understanding of art was concerned, he took the view that "life as such" is "an art".
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506:" of land and parts of his business, Emden began selling the works of art he had brought to Switzerland from 1938, including several paintings by the Venetian
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Germany as a "first-degree hybrid Jew" and could neither secure permanent Swiss residence in 1940, eventually managed to emigrate to his mother's birthplace
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from 1933 and surrounded himself with young women, his devoted girlfriendâ âthe 18-year-old Hamburg-born Brazilian consul's daughter, whom Emden first met in
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404:, Berlin, 7 June 1931). The proceeds from this auction, some 262 articles, with a 'report to follow' annotation, was published in the next issue (24) of
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At first, the baroness was prepared to sell the islands to anyone who would pay off her mortgages and other major debts, which amounted to some 500,000
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district assembly approved the application, pointing out that Max Emden "had to sell his property to the city of Altona for a small price in 1935".
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1391:. Magdeburg: Advisory Commission on the return of cultural property seized as a result of Nazi persecution, especially Jewish property. 2019-04-23.
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from the "Dr Max Emden Collection": paintings by German and French masters from the 19th century, furniture, carpets, bronzes, German silver, and
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becoming a partner in 1904 and later sole owner. Founded in Hamburg in 1823, the company expanded internationally under Emden, becoming a major
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1386:"Explanatory statement on the recommendation of the Advisory Commission in the case of Dr. Max James Emden vs. The Federal Republic of Germany"
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Michael Sontheimer, Andreas Wassermann: Moral und Millionen. In: Der Spiegel. Nr. 45, 2006 (online â ĂŒber die Kunstsammlung Emden).
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1640:"Juan Carlos Emden, Michel Emden, and NicolĂĄs Emden, Plaintiffs, v. The Museum of Fine Arts, Houston, Defendant. Case No. 4:21-cv-3348"
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owes the creation of its beautiful golf course" to Emden and von der Heydt's aid. In 1928 Emden had also financed the clubhouse of the
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four storey department store in Budapest, Hungary, 1926. The Corvin palace-like department store was founded by the Hamburg company
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Lostart: Offizielle deutsche Seite der Koordinierungsstelle fĂŒr Kulturgutverluste, Magdeburg, zu Raubkunst (looted art), hier:
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1548:"Restitution Experts Blast Houston's Museum of Fine Arts for Refusing to Return a Painting Once Purchased for Hitler's Museum"
267:). Emden's wife held a social class of friends from the aristocracy and both belonged to the best social circles in Hamburg.
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Of Jewish origins, Emden had converted to Christianity in his youth, but the Nazis persecuted him as a Jew. Interviewed in
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Due to economic misfortune, triggered by the measures taken against Emden's assets in Nazi Germany, forced sales and the "
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1221:[World Art: German art and antiques fair] (in German). No. 24. Berlin: Die Weltkunst. 1931. p. 8.
1193:[World Art: German art and antiques fair] (in German). No. 23. Berlin: Die Weltkunst. 1931. p. 5.
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1573:"The Museum of Fine Arts, Houston Must End Its Head-in-the-Sand Approach to Justice When It Comes to Restitution"
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JĂŒdische Sammler und KunsthĂ€ndler (Opfer nationalsozialistischer Verfolgung und Enteignung) â Emden, Max James
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was on the Brissago Islands in the 1950s and found the view of Ascona "one of the most beautiful in Europe".
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for a long time and were only restituted to Emden's descendants in 2019. This includes the oil painting
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1099:[Nazi victim: The fate of the department store king Emden] (in German). Hamburg: SPIEGEL Kultur
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Offizielle deutsche Seite des BADV â Bundesamt fĂŒr zentrale Dienste und offene Vermögensfragen, hier:
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because of Emden's Jewish origins, Emden lived mainly on his Brissago Islands in the Swiss canton of
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Englischer Beitrag ĂŒber Max Emden und die RestitutionsbemĂŒhungen seines Enkels Juan Carlos Emden
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Several claims for Nazi-looted art and forced sales have been filed. Artists concerned include
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1616:"MFA Houston Owns Bellotto Painting Sold Under Duress During World War II, Foundation Claims"
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1489:"Heirs battle estate over $ 30m Monet painting from Emden collection sold during Nazi era"
1303:"Heirs battle estate over $ 30m Monet painting from Emden collection sold during Nazi era"
1247:"Heirs battle estate over $ 30m Monet painting from Emden collection sold during Nazi era"
925:. Auktion bei Ball-Graupe, Berlin, 9 June 1931 (Auktionskatalog); UniversitÀt Heidelberg (
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Max Emden's private study in Villa Emden, Brissago Islands, on Lake Maggiore, Switzerland
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Hamburg, November 1909 (nicht im Katalog der Deutschen Nationalbibliothek enthalten). (
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453:"with a generous donation". Up until the 1930s, Emden also owned the premises of the
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24-room villa, finished with a luxurious interior, designed by the Berlin architect
124:. Some of Emden's properties, including valuable paintings, have been the object of
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1429:"Descendants of Jewish bon viveur Max Emden win right to sell art stolen by Nazis"
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Der Kaufhaus-König und die Schöne im Tessin. Max Emden und die Brissago-Inseln.
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entrepreneur, sold most of his company holdings to the department store group
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628:. The canton made the islands publicly accessible in 1950. German Chancellor
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auf Stiftung Deutsches Zentrum Kulturgutverluste, retrieved 2 February 2017.
1676:"Brisanter Dokumentarfilm: "Auch Leben ist eine Kunst - Der Fall Max Emden""
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Max Emden. Er fĂŒhrte ein mondĂ€nes Leben im Tessin â bis die Nazis kamen.
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183:. Opened on 1 March 1926, it is the oldest department store in Hungary.
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announced that it had located a painting from the Emden collection by
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chemist, wholesale merchant, art collector and from 1926 owner of the
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1333:"Will victims of the greatest Nazi theft finally get a fair hearing?"
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Die Brissago-Inseln und ihre Umgebung im launischen Spiel der Zeiten.
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Max Emden. Hamburger Kaufmann, Kaufhauserfinder, Ăsthet und MĂ€zen.
1284:[They laughed in our faces] (in German). Zurich: Republik
1118:"Explosive Documentaire: la Vie est un Art â Le Cas de Max Emden"
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In 1906 Emden had a country house built by the Hamburg architect
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Private SchĂ€tze. Ăber das Sammeln von Kunst in Hamburg bis 1933.
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to Jakob Emden and his wife Mathilde (née Kann), Emden attended
1035:(1964). "Der sagenhaften Emden" [The legendary Emden].
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On 18 July 2014, a path along the botanical garden in Hamburg
1655:""Der Fall Max Emden" ist ein Film ĂŒber Deutschlands Schande"
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and embarking from Lisbon carrying, in addition, a purchased
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Villa Emden, Brissago Islands, on Lake Maggiore, Switzerland
727:Ăber die Reduktionsprodukte der PhenylglyoxyldicarbonsĂ€ure.
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and the surrounding communities in 1949 for around 600,000
383:. The auction was held by art auctioneers Hermann Ball and
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1142:"Max Emden and the Brissago Islands: the story continues"
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was named after Max Emden. The hiking trail runs between
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Born into a long-established Jewish merchant family from
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At the age of almost 50, the internationally successful
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Ascona â Monte VeritĂ . Auf der Suche nach dem Paradies.
584:, Emden's son was able to transit South America and be
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to North and South America, Paris, London, and Berlin.
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31 July 2010. (Ăber Max Emden und die Brissagoinseln.)
781:, Neue Folge; Bd. 1). Wallstein, Göttingen 2020,
514:'s collection, two of which were in possession of the
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Ascona: History of the strangest village in the world
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Emden was a passionate golfer and polo player. Thus "
1097:"Nazi-Opfer: Das Schicksal des Kaufhauskönigs Emden"
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Seite des Hamburger Poloclubs, Geschichte des Clubs
1167:"The Italian island where marvels and myths abound"
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Ascona: Geschichten des seltsamsten Dorfes der Welt
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Ascona. Geschichte des seltsamsten Dorfes der Welt.
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Die Brissago-Inseln in Vergangenheit und Gegenwart.
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Der natĂŒrliche Arbeitstag : eine Rechenaufgabe
694:(NGV) has been investigating whether the painting,
187:Emden worked in the family textile trading company
1219:"Weltkunst: Deutsche Kunst- und AntiquitÀtenmesse"
1191:"Weltkunst: Deutsche Kunst- und AntiquitÀtenmesse"
940:List of claims for restitution of Nazi-looted art
648:Art collection: claims, lawsuits and restitutions
1853:Art and cultural repatriation after World War II
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1597:"WWII Provenance of Houston Bellotto Questioned"
680:) thus also applied in the case of Max Emden.".
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1463:"Why the origins of artworks are so important"
1357:"Why the origins of artworks are so important"
813:Schultz, Berlin 1930; Huber, Frauenfeld 2000,
683:Another painting from the Emden collection,
16:German chemist and art collector (1874â1940)
889:Brissago 1985, speziell S. 48 ff.
568:. Travelling from Switzerland on a Chilean
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1045:] (in German). Zurich: Europa Verlag.
748:Digitalisat UniversitÀtsbibliothek Hamburg
738:Digitalisat UniversitÀtsbibliothek Hamburg
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302:, Switzerland, Emden was a guest of Baron
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887:1885 â 1950 â 1985. Le isole di Brissago.
713:called "The Marketplace at Pirna" in the
391:4, on Tuesday 9 June 1931 (Issue No. 23,
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857:Europa Verlag, ZĂŒrich 1964, Munich 2021
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95:Department store magnate, art collection
1721:Der vergessene Hamburger Kaufhauskönig.
1682:(in German). Deutsche Welle. 2019-04-10
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909:Vogel Phönix. Stationen meines Lebens.
804:Das Schicksal des Kaufhauskönigs Emden
531:(The Moat of the Zwinger in Dresden).
468:In 1930, the Russian painter Baroness
461:, which he had to sell to the city of
408:(Art of the World) in the same month.
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1499:from the original on 26 February 2021
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375:In 1931, a major auction appeared in
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702:was also from the Emden collection.
179:with a share capital of one million
1858:Subjects of Nazi art appropriations
1522:"Gallery under fire over Nazi loot"
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1282:"Sie haben uns ins Gesicht gelacht"
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824:Ulrich Luckhardt, Uwe M. Schneede:
761:Life is an Art - The Max Emden Case
13:
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828:Ausstellungskatalog. Hamburg 2001.
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1823:20th-century Swiss businesspeople
1704:Literature by and about Max Emden
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1313:from the original on 13 July 2020
1280:Binswanger, Daniel (2021-10-09).
802:38, 2017; online unter dem Titel
475:In 1934 Emden acquired the Swiss
1253:. The Art Newspaper. 8 July 2020
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1653:Woeller, Marcus (2019-04-24).
1614:Villa, Angelica (2021-07-22).
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1165:Lane Fox, Robin (2019-10-18).
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1546:Cascone, Sarah (2021-08-18).
1095:Knöfel, Ulrika (2017-09-20).
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310:. In 1926 Emden acquired the
1571:Edsel, Robert (2021-08-31).
1469:. Deutsche Welle. 2019-04-11
715:Museum of Fine Arts, Houston
692:National Gallery of Victoria
521:Der Zwingergraben in Dresden
371:Aryanization in Nazi Germany
202:, with the main shareholder
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1828:Businesspeople from Hamburg
1813:Emigrants from Nazi Germany
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516:Federal Republic of Germany
483:) from the municipality of
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923:Die Sammlung Dr. Max Emden
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87:Businessman, art collector
465:in 1935 for a low price.
219:in Budapest, the Swedish
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1818:20th-century German Jews
1716:(PDF-Datei; 387 kB)
1227:10.11588/diglit.44978.24
1199:10.11588/diglit.44978.23
1120:. AllInfo. 11 April 2019
896:Huber, Frauenfeld 2010,
806:(noch nicht verlinkbar).
794:FĂŒr ein Opfer zu mondĂ€n.
707:Monuments Men Foundation
160:; a cavalry unit in the
35:Max James Emden, c. 1928
1708:German National Library
1407:www.theartnewspaper.com
1307:www.theartnewspaper.com
1251:www.theartnewspaper.com
779:MĂ€zene fĂŒr Wissenschaft
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559:The legacy of Max Emden
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1331:Borschel-Dan, Amanda.
1146:www.ascona-locarno.com
842:E. Mros, Ascona 2011,
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1838:Jewish art collectors
1760:Der Schönheit geweiht
1337:www.timesofisrael.com
470:Marianne von Werefkin
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154:Leib-Husaren-Regiment
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112:, Switzerland) was a
1808:People from Brissago
1726:Hamburger Abendblatt
1719:Jens Meyer-Odewald:
835:DadĂČ, Brissago 1975.
510:, which went to the
497:Erich Maria Remarque
304:Eduard von der Heydt
294:The Brissago Islands
237:department store in
104:(28 October 1874 in
1843:Persecution of Jews
1833:Patrons of the arts
1751:Karlskirche in Wien
919:. (Autobiographie).
871:Böhlau, Wien 2004,
734:Hamburger Baukunst.
642:The Times of Israel
580:passport issued in
491:, the King of Siam
455:Hamburger Polo Club
440:Hamburger Golf-Club
367:was added in 1950.
233:in Hamburg and the
1754:aus Sammlung Emden
1427:Sanderson, David.
907:Ursula von Wiese:
831:Giuseppe Mondada:
773:Ulrich Brömmling:
545:Hemmingstedter Weg
485:Ronco sopra Ascona
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321:Bronislaw Huberman
223:in Stockholm, the
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108:â 26 June 1940 in
1757:Robert Schediwy:
1729:, 18 August 2014
1493:www.lootedart.com
1361:www.lootedart.com
911:Klio, Bern 1994,
892:Francesco Welti:
809:Robert Landmann:
711:Bernardo Bellotto
607:Emil Georg BĂŒhrle
508:Bernardo Bellotto
389:Tiergartenstrasse
189:M. J. Emden Söhne
150:Wilhelm-Gymnasium
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614:Second World War
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363:by the sculptor
356:botanical garden
350:by the sculptor
344:Alfred Breslauer
312:Brissago Islands
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206:, the Hungarian
193:department store
181:Hungarian korona
177:M.J. Emden Söhne
118:Brissago Islands
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838:Eberhard Mros:
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685:Le Palais Ducal
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595:Garden in Arles
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419:Persecuted in
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1684:. Retrieved
1679:
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1648:
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1623:. Retrieved
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1576:
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1555:. Retrieved
1551:
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1530:. Retrieved
1528:. 2007-07-08
1525:
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1174:. Retrieved
1160:
1149:. Retrieved
1145:
1122:. Retrieved
1112:
1101:. Retrieved
1056:. Retrieved
1042:
1037:
960:Aryanization
955:Nazi plunder
922:
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636:The Nazi era
626:Swiss francs
611:
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512:Adolf Hitler
504:Aryanization
501:
489:Aga Khan III
480:
477:civil rights
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467:
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421:Nazi Germany
418:
405:
392:
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332:Swiss francs
329:
325:concert tour
308:Monte VeritĂ
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65:(1940-06-26)
63:26 June 1940
1803:1874 births
1798:1940 deaths
1620:ARTnews.com
1577:Artnet News
1552:Artnet News
1033:Riess, Curt
927:Digitalisat
799:Der Spiegel
730:enthalten).
655:Der Spiegel
586:naturalised
524: [
481:BĂŒrgerrecht
449:in Hamburg-
443: [
397: [
385:Paul Graupe
348:The Bathers
261:German mark
249: [
212: [
76:Nationality
1792:Categories
1686:2021-02-01
1661:2021-02-01
1657:. Die Welt
1625:2021-10-17
1582:2021-10-17
1557:2021-10-17
1532:2021-03-12
1503:2021-02-26
1473:2021-02-01
1448:2021-02-01
1413:2021-02-01
1366:2021-02-26
1342:2021-02-27
1317:2021-02-27
1288:2022-07-31
1257:2022-07-30
1232:2022-07-31
1204:2022-07-31
1176:2022-07-30
1169:. London:
1151:2021-02-26
1124:2021-02-26
1103:2022-08-01
1058:2022-08-02
966:References
819:3719312194
768:Literature
612:After the
572:issued in
365:Remo Rossi
352:Georg Wrba
265:ValparaĂso
47:1874-10-28
1749:Bellotto
1710:catalogue
1443:0140-0460
1434:The Times
666:Canaletto
406:Weltkunst
394:Weltkunst
23:Max Emden
1497:Archived
1311:Archived
945:Lempertz
934:See also
777:(Reihe:
662:Bellotto
591:Van Gogh
574:Budapest
361:Javanese
279:Karstadt
239:Wandsbek
235:Petersen
126:Nazi-era
1706:in the
578:Haitian
535:Honours
381:faience
231:Poetsch
146:Hamburg
110:Muralto
106:Hamburg
70:Muralto
54:Hamburg
1731:online
1680:DW.COM
1467:DW.COM
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582:Geneva
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463:Altona
451:Rissen
436:Ascona
429:Lugano
425:Ticino
377:Berlin
300:Ascona
284:Ticino
199:KaDeWe
158:Danzig
114:German
79:German
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