2607:(Delatestryl or Xyosted) which are almost interchangeable. Testosterone enanthate is purported to be slightly better with respect to even testosterone release, but this is probably more of a concern for bodybuilders who use the drugs at higher doses (250â1000 mg/week) than the replacement doses used by transgender men (50â100 mg/week). These testosterone esters are mixed with different oils, so some individuals may tolerate one better than the other. Testosterone enanthate costs more than testosterone cypionate and is more typically the one prescribed for
1798:
even after adjusting for age, diabetes mellitus, chronic kidney disease, smoking, hypertension, hypercholesterolemia, and exerciseâthough the study did not include data about whether the subjects were undergoing hormone therapy and did not control for stressors. The study found that transgender men have a >4-fold and 2-fold increased odds of having a myocardial infarction when compared with cisgender women and cisgender men, respectively. Though it is not always the case, testosterone for transmasculine people is often intended to be used long-term.
2648:
1655:
1606:
3925:
1361:
1385:
1373:
25:
2927:(DHT) (referred to as androstanolone or stanolone when used medically) can also be used in place of testosterone as an androgen. The availability of DHT is limited; it is not available in the United States or Canada, for instance, but it is available in certain European countries, including the United Kingdom, France, Spain, Belgium, Italy, and Luxembourg. DHT is available in formulations including
3939:
2616:(Nebido, Aveed) provides significantly improved testosterone delivery with far less variation outside the eugonadal range than other formulations with injections required only four times yearly. However, each quarterly dose requires an injection of 4 mL of oil which may require multiple simultaneous injections. Testosterone undecanoate is also much more expensive as it is still under
2931:, buccal or sublingual tablets, and as esters in oil for intramuscular injection. Relative to testosterone, and similarly to many synthetic AAS, DHT has the potential advantages of not being locally potentiated in so-called androgenic tissues that express 5α-reductase (as DHT is already 5α-reduced) and of not being aromatized into an estrogen (it is not a substrate for aromatase).
2760:/month). Testosterone is absorbed through the oral mucosa and avoids the first-pass metabolism in the liver which is the cause of many of the adverse effects of oral testosterone undecanoate. The lozenges can cause gum irritation, taste changes, and headache but most side effects diminish after two weeks. The lozenge is 'mucoadhesive' and must be applied twice daily.
5132:
In addition, oral finasteride may block the development of wanted secondary physical features, including voice change, body hair and composition, and clitoromegaly. Therefore, it is important to ensure that all desired changes are complete before the initiation of treatment with finasteride, which is
3671:
Testosterone increases body weight (and increases appetite). The form that this weight gain will take depends on diet and exercise as well as genetic factors. Since testosterone has anabolic effects, gain of lean muscle mass will be easier than it previously was for transgender men. Moderate amounts
3369:
It is unknown whether the risk of ovarian cancer is increased, decreased or unchanged in transgender men compared to women. It is unlikely to be determined in the near future because ovarian cancer is a relatively rare disease and the population of transgender men is too small to do the appropriate
2628:
The adverse side effects of injected testosterone esters are generally associated with high peak levels in the first few days after an injection. Some side effects may be ameliorated by using a shorter dosing interval (weekly or every ten days instead of twice monthly with testosterone enanthate or
1792:
Due to insufficient comprehensive research, there is no consensus on the full range of risks of lengthy testosterone administration, especially as it is difficult to achieve a sufficient number of participants for results to be meaningful.Two 2019 studies indicate the potential for elevated risk of
3481:
Ovarian tissue banking – Ovarian tissue is frozen after oophorectomy. Even after long-term androgen therapy, ovaries usually retain usable follicles. Eventual use of frozen ovaries will require replantation into the transgender man for stimulation and harvest, but may eventually be
3473:
Oocyte banking – hormonal stimulation to 'hyper-ovulate' with transvaginal oocyte harvest for freezing. Previously using the "slow-freezing" cryopreservation method there were very poor survival rates of banked oocytes. However, the advent of vitrification, a rapid freezing process,
3347:
should cease within 5 months of testosterone therapy (often sooner). If bleeding continues past 5 months, transgender men are strongly encouraged to see a gynecologist. A retrospective chart review of 74 menstruating individuals treated with intramuscular injected testosterone found that 4 stopped
2722:
Implants, as subcutaneous pellets, can be used to deliver testosterone (brand name
Testopel). 6 to 12 pellets are inserted under the skin every three months. This must be done in a physician's office, but is a relatively minor procedure done under local anesthetic. Pellets cost about $ 60 each, so
1797:
women, with 11 vs. 3 cardiovascular events per 100,000 person-years, though the risk was less than that of cisgender men. Researchers were not able to control for smoking status or stressors. The other study found elevated risk of heart attacks among self-identified transgender menâwhich persisted
3354:
occurs, and frequently reaches its apex within 2â3 years of therapy. Sizes generally range from 3â8 cm with 4â5 cm being about average. This is genetically determined, but some physicians advocate topical clitoral testosterone as an adjunct to growth before metoidioplasty. However, this
3523:
changes are harder to define, since HRT is usually the first physical action that takes place when transitioning. This fact alone has a significant psychological impact, which is hard to distinguish from hormonally induced changes. Most trans men report an increase of energy and an increased sex
3259:
Acne: generally worse the first few years of testosterone therapy (mimicking a second puberty). Can be treated with standard acne therapy. Initial treatment is with increased cleansing (at least twice daily) with an anti-acne or oil reducing scrub. If this doesn't work, additional therapy may be
2743:
of the liver also may result in testosterone levels too low to provide satisfactory masculinization and suppress menses. Because of the short terminal half-life of testosterone, oral testosterone undecanoate must be administered two to four times per day, preferably with food (which improves its
3724:
men). However, a single small study of trans men after oophorectomy demonstrated that androgens alone may be insufficient to slow bone loss. It is likely the case that pre-oophorectomy, residual estrogen production is protective. However, after oophorectomy, some trans men may have insufficient
3645:
In pre-clinical models, testosterone XHT has been shown to lead to adverse cardiovascular effects, but adding a low-dose estrogen to that hormone therapy completely mitigated those effects. (Goetz LG, et al. "Addition of
Estradiol to Cross-sex Testosterone Therapy Reduces Atherosclerosis Plaque
3477:
Embryo banking – oocyte harvest as above with immediate fertilization and banking of the embryo. The sperm donor must be chosen before oophorectomy. Allows the possibility for embryos to later be placed in a surrogate, as opposed to a transgender man having to carry the pregnancy
3538:
Some transgender men report mood swings, increased anger, and increased aggressiveness after starting androgen therapy. Studies are limited and small scale, however, based on self reporting over a short period of time (7 months). In a study by Motta et al., trans men also reported better anger
2632:
Injectable forms of testosterone can cause a lung problem called pulmonary oil microembolism (POME). Symptoms of POME include cough, shortness of breath, tightening of the throat, chest pain, sweating, dizziness, and fainting. A postmarketing analysis by the manufacturer of Aveed (testosterone
3381:
is similarly unknown. A large multicenter study along with review of previous studies, noted no increased prevalence of endometrial hyperplasia or malignancy in transgender men undergoing hysterectomy. However while the endometrial linings in these studies were noted to be thin, they remained
2629:
testosterone cypionate). 100 mg weekly gives a much lower peak level of testosterone than does 200 mg every two weeks, while still maintaining the same total dose of androgen. This benefit must be weighed against the discomfort and inconvenience of doubling the number of injections.
3393:
Frequently the first sign of endometrial cancer is bleeding in post-menopausal women. Transgender men who have any bleeding after the cessation of menses with androgen therapy should be evaluated for age appropriate causes of abnormal uterine bleeding as per cisgender female guidelines.
3842:
into estrogen, hence why the female ranges are referenced instead. In post-oophorectomy trans men, Israel and colleagues recommend that both testosterone and estrogen levels fall exactly within the normal male ranges. See the table below for all of the precise values they suggest.
3682:
In women, increased levels of either estrogen or androgens are associated with decreased insulin sensitivity (which may predispose to diabetes). In a study of transgender males and females, decreased insulin sensitivity was found in both populations after four months of hormonal
3731:
Some physicians advocate a Dexa (bone density) scan at the time of oophorectomy and every year or two thereafter to diagnose osteoporosis before it becomes severe enough to be symptomatic. This is important because the treatment of osteoporosis is most effective if done
3634:
Cardiovascular risk factors are more than additive. (If high blood pressure is worth 10 and smoking is worth 10, together they are worth more than 20.) So for transgender men, the addition of risk with androgen therapy makes improving modifiable risk factors more
3319:
Cheeks: Female cheeks tend to be fuller and more rounded. Under the influence of estrogen, fat is deposited beneath the skin and overall facial and body contours become softer. This is reversed by androgens, resulting in a male-type fat distribution after hormone
2674:
Patches slowly diffuse testosterone through the skin and are replaced daily. The cost varies, as with all medication, from country to country, it is about $ 150/month in the US, and about âŹ60 in
Germany. Transdermal testosterone has the advantage of delivering a
3627:
Androgen therapy effects are not all negative, however. Acutely it causes dilation of the coronary arteries, and in men with testosterone levels within the normal physiological range, higher levels are actually associated with a slight decrease in cardiovascular
2831:), although this can also be disadvantageous in certain aspects of masculinization like facial hair growth and normal body hair growth). Although many AAS are not potentiated in androgenic tissues, they have similar effects to testosterone in other tissues like
2723:
the cost is greater than injected testosterone when the cost of the physician visit and procedure are included. The primary advantages of
Testopel are that it gives a much more constant blood level of testosterone yet requires attention only four times yearly.
4314:
Hembree WC, Cohen-Kettenis PT, Gooren L, Hannema SE, Meyer WJ, Murad MH, Rosenthal SM, Safer JD, Tangpricha V, T'Sjoen GG (November 2017). "Endocrine
Treatment of Gender-Dysphoric/Gender-Incongruent Persons: An Endocrine Society Clinical Practice Guideline".
2624:
is another testosterone ester that is widely available, including in the US, Canada, and Europe, but it is very short-acting compared to the other testosterone esters and must be administered once every 2 or 3 days, and for this reason, is rarely used.
3791:
Worse with injected testosterone (especially with longer intervals between doses) than with oral, transdermal, or
Testopel. (Increase in RBCs occurs with the very high peaks from the injection. So decreasing dose and interval to 7â10 days instead of 14 may
2611:
males in the US. Testosterone cypionate is more popular in the US than elsewhere (especially amongst bodybuilders). Other formulations exist but are more difficult to come by in the US. A formulation of injected testosterone available in Europe and the US,
6263:
2241:
3656:
There is a risk of liver damage and liver cancer with all testosterone formulations, but this is minimal with all forms except oral or unless very high levels are administered. However, as with any drug that carries even a small risk of liver damage,
3594:
when compared with the general female Dutch population. (As with all scientific studies, this does not conclusively prove that no causal link exists. A small to moderate detrimental effect remains a possibility, though a very large effect is more
2894:
For the sake of clarification, the term "anabolicâandrogenic steroid" is essentially synonymous with "androgen" (or with "anabolic steroid"), and that natural androgens like testosterone are also AAS. These drugs all share the same core
2023:
3474:
has made oocyte cryopreservation a viable option for fertility preservation. It allows the possibility for eggs to later be fertilized and be placed in a surrogate, as opposed to a transgender man having to carry the pregnancy himself.
3348:
after the first shot, 37 stopped within 6 months, 24 stopped after 6 months, and 9 required additional progesterone therapy. The time to menstrual cessation was individualized, with only a small correlation to testosterone dosage.
3678:
In cisgender men, abnormally high or low levels of testosterone are both associated with insulin resistance (which eventually can result in Type II diabetes). So mid-normal levels of testosterone are the target for androgen
3329:
Larynx: At puberty, the bones and cartilage of the voicebox tend to enlarge less in females than males. In most males, the larynx becomes visible as a bony "Adam's apple," which is developed in transgender men under hormone
2563:
A study of 45 FtM individuals randomly assigned to receive testoviron depot (intramuscular, 100 mg/10 days), testosterone gel (50 mg/day), or testosterone undecanoate (intramuscular, 1000 mg) found increased
3009:
can be used to suspend the advance of sex steroid induced, inappropriate pubertal changes for a period without inducing any changes in the gender-appropriate direction. GnRH analogues work by initially overstimulating the
2016:
1551:. Introducing exogenous (not internally produced) hormones into the body impacts it at every level and many patients report changes in energy levels, mood, appetite, etc. The goal of the therapy, and indeed all
3531:, this is not a noticeable effect in most trans men. HRT doses of testosterone are much lower than the typical doses taken by steroid-using athletes, and create testosterone levels comparable to those of most
2811:(ART) in cisgender men. However, they can be used in place of testosterone with similar effects, and can have certain advantages like less or no local potentiation in so-called androgenic tissues that express
3333:
Lips: Females, tend to have thicker, fleshier lips than males of the same size due to estrogen. Thus, after being administered androgens, transgender men may have a fat redistribution that results in smaller
2915:
effects (due to differing capacities to be locally metabolized and potentiated by 5α-reductase), capacity for aromatization (i.e., conversion into an estrogen), and potential for liver damage may all differ.
2709:
of young children after exposure to topical androgen preparations (both prescription and 'supplement' products) used by their caregivers demonstrates this very real risk, the same principle also applies to
2599:' drug formulations are created by mixing a substance with the drug that slows its release and prolongs the action of the drug. The two primarily used forms in the United States are the testosterone esters
3482:
possible in a lab as techniques for tissue culture improve. This option does not usually allow for placement into a surrogate as it may require the use of immunosuppressants on the part of the surrogate.
2009:
1809:
More conventional therapies, including intramuscular injections, subcutaneous injections, and transdermal gels, have been extensively studied and show promising efficacy and outcomes with limited safety
5308:
Grimstad FW, Fowler KG, New EP, Ferrando CA, Pollard RR, Chapman G, et al. (March 2019). "Uterine pathology in transmasculine persons on testosterone: a retrospective multicenter case series".
2671:
are available. Both approximate normal physiological levels of testosterone better than the higher peaks associated with injection. Both can cause local skin irritation (more so with the patches).
527:
4717:
Pelusi C, Costantino A, Martelli V, Lambertini M, Bazzocchi A, Ponti F, et al. (December 2014). "Effects of three different testosterone formulations in female-to-male transsexual persons".
3463:, he may regain fertility on cessation of testosterone. With the ovarian changes of long-term androgen therapy, however, it may require months of cessation of testosterone and possibly assistive
3417:
Some transgender men report a decrease in breast size with androgen therapy. However, no morphological changes were found when this was studied and likely it is due to loss of fat in the breasts.
3362:(PCOS) morphology, as both PCOS and transgender men there is an up-regulation of testosterone receptors in the ovaries. Untreated PCOS is associated with a possibly increased risk of endometrial
3312:
Facial changes develop gradually over time, and sexual dimorphism (physical difference between the sexes) tends to increase with age. Within a population of similar body size and ethnicity:
1934:
Because of these interactions, it is advised that trans men make their healthcare providers aware of their hormone therapy when this is relevant to their treatment for other medical issues.
2735:, testosterone is shunted (at very high blood levels) to the liver where it can cause liver damage (albeit very rarely) and worsens some of the adverse effects of testosterone, like lower
5721:
van
Kesteren P, Lips P, Gooren LJ, Asscheman H, Megens J (March 1998). "Long-term follow-up of bone mineral density and bone metabolism in transsexuals treated with cross-sex hormones".
3576:
In cisgender men, testosterone levels that are either significantly above or below normal are associated with increase cardiovascular risk. This may be causative or simply a correlation.
3256:
If severe odor is a problem, an antibacterial soap like chlorhexidine may be used in the armpits when showering. After 1â2 weeks of daily use, a noticeable decrease in odor should occur.
1015:
1587:
These medical uses of masculinizing hormone therapy are subject to individual health considerations and are typically administered under the supervision of healthcare professionals.
2701:
Transdermal testosterone poses a risk of inadvertent exposure to others who come in contact with the patient's skin. This is most important for patients whose intimate partners are
1583:
In certain cases, hormonal interventions are employed to delay puberty, offering individuals more time to explore their gender identity before undergoing permanent physical changes.
3720:. Estrogen supplementation is theoretically not usually necessary, as some of the injected testosterone will be aromatized into estrogen sufficient to maintain bone (as it does in
5056:"Topical dihydrotestosterone to treat micropenis secondary to partial androgen insensitivity syndrome (PAIS) before, during, and after puberty - A case series | Request PDF"
5194:
2756:
approved a buccal form of testosterone (Striant). Sublingual testosterone can also be made by some compounding pharmacies. Cost for
Striant is greater than other formulations (
5545:
Motta G, Crespi C, Mineccia V, Brustio PR, Manieri C, Lanfranco F (January 2018). "Does
Testosterone Treatment Increase Anger Expression in a Population of Transgender Men?".
1032:
4275:
Mwamba RN, Ekwonu A, Guimaraes P, Raheem OA (Nov 2022). "The efficacy, safety, and outcomes of testosterone use among transgender men patients: A review of the literature".
1269:
3838:
range. Before oophorectomy, it is difficult and frequently impractical to fully suppress estrogen levels into the normal male range, especially with exogenous testosterone
1577:
Administered as part of gender transition to align the physical appearance with the affirmed gender, inducing changes such as facial hair growth and deepening of the voice.
3735:
Daily calcium supplementation and possibly
Vitamin D3 and K2 are probably a good idea for most transgender men, but it is even more important after removal of the ovaries.
3323:
Nose: The tips of the nasal bones tend to grow more in males than females, creating a larger (longer or wider) nose. Thus, androgens result in the development of the nose.
8187:
5859:
3295:
to DHT. There are two forms of this enzyme: type 1 and 2. However, type 2 is the form that is most important to the development of male pattern hair loss. Males with
3760:
Symptoms of OSA are noisy sleeping (snoring), excessive daytime sleepiness, morning headache, personality changes, and problems with judgment, memory, and attention.
4401:
Meriggiola MC, Gava G (November 2015). "Endocrine care of transpeople part I. A review of cross-sex hormonal treatments, outcomes and adverse effects in transmen".
3631:
Supra-physiological levels of androgens (generally due to abuse) are associated with significantly increased risks of strokes and heart attacks (even in the young).
3709:
Testosterone may cause an increase in cortical bone thickness in transgender men (however this does not necessarily translate to a greater mechanical stability).
3834:
trans men, therapeutic testosterone levels should optimally fall within the normal male range, whereas estrogen levels should optimally fall within the normal
3728:
Pre-clinical research has suggested the importance of low-dose estrogen supplementation for those beginning cross-sex hormone therapy (XHT) during adolescence.
1134:
509:
2705:
or those who are parents of young children as both of these groups are more vulnerable to the masculinizing effects of androgens. Case reports of significant
7195:
6111:
4300:
3507:
Sleep deprivation worsens almost all seizure disorders, so concurrent obstructive sleep apnea caused or worsened by androgen therapy may also be responsible.
1099:
521:
3374:
within 2â5 years of starting androgen therapy due to the possible increased risk. (Note: Testosterone dose can frequently be decreased after oophorectomy.)
1104:
1074:
1841:. There are certain drugs that increase or decrease the activity of cytochrome P450 enzymes and may cause increased or decreased levels of testosterone:
1178:
607:
3697:. (Young healthy women produce about 10 mg of testosterone monthly. Higher bone mineral density in males is associated with higher serum estrogen.)
9345:
3700:
Bone is not static. It is constantly being reabsorbed and created. Osteoporosis results when bone formation occurs at a rate less than bone resorption.
2731:
Oral testosterone is provided exclusively as testosterone undecanoate. It is available in Europe and Canada, but not in the US. Once absorbed from the
1222:
602:
3782:
A transgender man's hematocrit (the percentage of whole blood made up of red blood cells) should be judged against normal age-adjusted values for men.
1493:
people also receive this form of therapy, either starting in childhood to confirm the assigned sex or later if the assignment proves to be incorrect.
3104:
in transgender men taking testosterone. However, they may also slow or reduce certain aspects of masculinization, such as facial hair growth, normal
790:
5351:
Anderson, William J.; Kolin, David L.; Neville, Grace; Diamond, David A.; Crum, Christopher P.; Hirsch, Michelle S.; Vargas, Sara O. (August 2020).
8793:
1571:
or low testosterone levels in assigned female at birth (AFAB) individuals, fostering the development of masculine secondary sexual characteristics.
3913:
hormones in the form of testosterone (including esters) and do not apply to those taking synthetic AAS (e.g., nandrolone) or dihydrotestosterone.
1543:, developing secondary sex characteristics associated with a different sex can relieve some or all of the distress and discomfort associated with
8180:
1264:
42:
3112:. A potential solution is to start taking a 5α-reductase inhibitor after these desired aspects of masculinization have been well-established.
1413:
3757:
Untreated OSA may have significant adverse effects on the heart, blood pressure, mood, and may cause headaches and worsen seizure disorders.
89:
3431:
Most transgender men report a significantly increased libido. Some report that this decreases somewhat after several years on testosterone.
2891:(via which they act as long-lasting depots similarly to testosterone esters) but have no more risk of liver damage than does testosterone.
1793:
cardiovascular events. One study found that transgender men taking testosterone had an increased risk of cardiovascular events compared to
832:
579:
5303:
5301:
3296:
61:
4093:
Hembree WC, Cohen-Kettenis P, Delemarre-van de Waal HA, Gooren LJ, Meyer WJ, Spack NP, et al. (Endocrine Society) (September 2009).
3579:
A single retrospective study in the medical literature of 293 trans men treated with testosterone (range of 2 months to 41 years) by the
752:
702:
592:
9363:
8963:
8645:
8173:
8149:
7731:
7157:
5298:
1249:
5204:
3452:
As the age at which transgender people begin therapy decreases, retention of reproductive potential may become more important to some.
8913:
8745:
7188:
6104:
3539:
control. Many transgender men, however, report improved mood, decreased emotional lability, and a lessening of anger and aggression.
2560:
of testosterone in the blood is about 70 minutes, so it is necessary to have a continuous supply of the hormone for masculinization.
1254:
1166:
472:
465:
68:
5686:
Polderman KH, Gooren LJ, Asscheman H, Bakker A, Heine RJ (July 1994). "Induction of insulin resistance by androgens and estrogens".
5582:"Early Access to Testosterone Therapy in Transgender and Gender-Diverse Adults Seeking Masculinization: A Randomized Clinical Trial"
3675:
Many transgender men report an increased energy level, decreased need for sleep, and increased alertness after testosterone therapy.
993:
8819:
3910:
3498:
can be significantly worsened with androgen therapy. Headaches can also become problematic in men without prior headache disorders.
1259:
1156:
1069:
931:
665:
574:
8827:
5406:
Xu, Rena; Diamond, David A.; Borer, Joseph G.; Estrada, Carlos; Yu, Richard; Anderson, William J.; Vargas, Sara O. (2022-03-01).
4571:
HeresovĂĄ J, PobisovĂĄ Z, Hampl R, StĂĄrka L (December 1986). "Androgen administration to transsexual women. II. Hormonal changes".
2943:
1173:
597:
3510:
Recent studies have found that cross-hormone therapy in trans men results in an increase in brain volume up to male proportions.
1210:
9384:
9078:
8837:
7722:
5906:
5353:"Prostatic Metaplasia of the Vagina and Uterine Cervix: An Androgen-associated Glandular Lesion of Surface Squamous Epithelium"
4055:
857:
800:
675:
561:
75:
3014:
then rapidly desensitizing it to the effects of GnRH. Over a period of weeks, gonadal androgen production is greatly reduced.
9312:
8712:
8139:
8106:
7147:
7114:
5824:
5240:
5039:
5012:
4504:
3045:
6283:
5856:
9358:
9353:
8786:
8755:
8750:
8144:
7545:
7181:
7152:
6097:
2855:
to a greatly reduced extent relative to testosterone or not at all, and for this reason, are associated with reduced or no
946:
742:
3326:
Jaw: The jaw in males tends to grow wider and more deeply sculptured than in females, thus the jaw widens under androgens.
3147:
can be administered, potentially in conjunction with an aromatase inhibitor or a GnRH analogue, to increase final height.
57:
9144:
9048:
7162:
6372:
5850:
5639:"Addition of Estradiol to Cross-Sex Testosterone Therapy Reduces Atherosclerosis Plaque Formation in Female ApoE-/- Mice"
697:
3504:: some seizure disorders are androgen-dependent. These may be worsened or (very rarely) unmasked with androgen therapy.
3470:
If a transgender man is planning on having a hysterectomy/oophorectomy, future reproduction may still be preserved by:
3135:
are greatly reduced or eliminated. This may be useful for transgender men prior to initiation of testosterone therapy.
3025:
2. The sex steroids do have important other functions. The high cost of GnRH analogues is often a significant factor.
1645:
1244:
916:
785:
780:
544:
1641:
7931:
7260:
6231:
4857:"Occurrence of Pulmonary Oil Microembolism After Testosterone Undecanoate Injection: A Postmarketing Safety Analysis"
3550:
in a group of transgender and gender expansive adults found that the group given treatment had significantly reduced
1406:
1141:
1111:
971:
108:
3535:
men. These levels of testosterone have not been proven to cause more aggression than comparable levels of estrogen.
2864:
1665:
1616:
1496:
The purpose of this form of therapy is to cause the development of the secondary sex characteristics of the desired
9329:
8729:
8123:
7935:
7272:
7131:
6437:
6417:
6338:
5944:
5939:
1217:
1205:
1188:
1059:
817:
429:
7577:
7346:
7009:
5766:"Cross-sex testosterone therapy in ovariectomized mice: addition of low-dose estrogen preserves bone architecture"
1555:
treatments, is to provide patients with a more satisfying body that is more congruent with their gender identity.
8779:
8597:
6392:
6137:
3131:(DMPA) may be injected every three months just as it is used for contraception. Generally after the first cycle,
2640:(blood levels drawn just before your next shot). A trough level of 500 ng/dL is sought. (Normal range for a
2580:. No differences were found between the different formulations of testosterone, and at week 54 all subjects were
1803:
The efficacy, safety, and outcomes of testosterone use among transgender men patients: A review of the literature
1450:
1126:
1119:
1000:
988:
983:
822:
172:
7422:
7398:
5461:
Krempasky C, Harris M, Abern L, Grimstad F (February 2020). "Contraception across the transmasculine spectrum".
614:
9118:
8802:
8771:
8760:
8330:
7656:
6628:
3411:
3284:
With androgen therapy, genetics primarily determines how much hair will develop (and where) as well as whether
2983:
1239:
1183:
1027:
862:
747:
488:
46:
5506:"Changing your sex changes your brain: influences of testosterone and estrogen on adult human brain structure"
4641:
6890:
6702:
6027:
3754:
Risk is higher in transgender men who are obese, smoke, or have COPD (Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease).
3442:
should be counseled on utilizing concomitant contraception. All contraceptive methods are acceptable for use.
3105:
2939:
1344:
1229:
1091:
1044:
162:
125:
5878:
One of the earliest widely distributed guides to transmasculine transition, written by transgender activist
1845:
Enzyme inducers – May cause decreased levels of testosterone (and other sex steroid) levels:
1037:
9261:
9000:
8995:
8325:
8040:
7673:
7427:
7059:
6651:
5959:
3952:
2991:
2808:
2633:
undeconate injection) found that POME occurred at a rate of less than 1% per injection per year for Aveed.
1694:
1399:
1234:
1010:
1005:
827:
410:
82:
4079:
3613:, which is associated with increased cardiovascular risk rather than fat carried on the buttocks and hips.
1930:
Increases the effect of some oral medicines for diabetes and can cause dangerously low blood sugar levels.
9269:
8335:
8320:
8295:
8154:
8044:
7067:
6592:
6346:
6171:
3543:
3128:
2796:
2353:
1987:
1470:
1274:
1161:
1022:
767:
569:
481:
2694:
which diffuses into the circulation, peaking at 4 hours and decreasing slowly over the rest of the day.
2690:, Testogel and Testim. They are absorbed quickly when applied and produce a temporary drug depot in the
7444:
7017:
6251:
5899:
3957:
3316:
Brow: Males tend to develop heavier bony brows than females, thus HRT results in a more prominent brow.
1474:
1334:
1086:
1054:
1049:
851:
805:
737:
587:
551:
435:
300:
3779:
Testosterone (frequently in large doses) was previously used to treat anemia from bone marrow failure.
2698:, as with all medication, from country to country, from as little as $ 50/month to about $ 280/month.
9160:
8242:
7256:
6832:
6226:
6201:
6042:
5934:
3672:
of exercise will cause greater gains and will ameliorate some of the adverse effects of testosterone.
3359:
2955:
2074:
1951:
1924:
1529:
1079:
810:
515:
6843:
3085:
2958:, this is useful as an androgen treatment for AIS as testosterone can often result in unintentional
2451:
2427:
1995:
8987:
8495:
8208:
8196:
7451:
6422:
6247:
6037:
6022:
6017:
3621:
2947:
2613:
2569:
2268:
2222:
2053:
1486:
670:
642:
458:
4358:
Fabris B, Bernardi S, Trombetta C (March 2015). "Cross-sex hormone therapy for gender dysphoria".
9317:
8717:
8111:
7616:
7594:
7378:
7374:
7119:
6293:
6243:
6032:
3598:
Androgen therapy can adversely affect the blood lipid profile by causing decreases in HDL (good)
3464:
3057:
2888:
2695:
2686:
Transdermal testosterone is available throughout the world under the brand names Andromen Forte,
2621:
2573:
1755:
387:
197:
35:
4949:
4144:"Occurrence of Acute Cardiovascular Events in Transgender Individuals Receiving Hormone Therapy"
9223:
8490:
8350:
8280:
7611:
7388:
7341:
6427:
6333:
6239:
6235:
6176:
6078:
6012:
6007:
6002:
5992:
5029:
3796:
2900:
2732:
2651:
2604:
2600:
2198:
2171:
1971:
795:
692:
396:
5580:
Nolan, Brendan J.; Zwickl, Sav; Locke, Peter; Zajac, Jeffrey D.; Cheung, Ada S. (2023-09-07).
5504:
Pol HE, Cohen-Kettenis PT, Van Haren NE, Peper JS, Brans RG, Cahn W, et al. (July 2006).
4930:
4906:
4095:"Endocrine treatment of transsexual persons: an Endocrine Society clinical practice guideline"
3977:
3795:
Severe polycythemia predisposes to both venous and arterial thrombosis (blood clots) such as:
3300:
9253:
9215:
8673:
8360:
8290:
8223:
8028:
7412:
7406:
7336:
7306:
7216:
7204:
7051:
6712:
5997:
5892:
5857:
Medical Therapy and Health Maintenance for Transgender Men: A Guide For Health Care Providers
5814:
5764:
Goetz TG, Mamillapalli R, Devlin MJ, Robbins AE, Majidi-Zolbin M, Taylor HS (November 2017).
5637:
Goetz TG, Mamillapalli R, Sahin C, Majidi-Zolbin M, Ge G, Mani A, Taylor HS (February 2018).
5233:
Medical therapy and health maintenance for transgender men: A guide for health care providers
5002:
4487:
Fishman SL, Paliou M, Poretsky L, Hembree WC (2019). "Endocrine Care of Transgender Adults".
4294:
4185:"Cardiovascular Disease Risk Factors and Myocardial Infarction in the Transgender Population"
3804:
3285:
2856:
2852:
2740:
1501:
1319:
714:
504:
5875:
4606:
Arif T, Dorjay K, Adil M, Sami M (2017). "Dutasteride in Androgenetic Alopecia: An Update".
3693:
Both estrogens and androgens are necessary for both cisgender males and females for healthy
2950:). As the masculinizing effects of testosterone is limited in AIS, DHT more easily binds to
9265:
8530:
8392:
8345:
8315:
8036:
7533:
7481:
7417:
7393:
7366:
7331:
7316:
7063:
6871:
6762:
6357:
6342:
6318:
6211:
6196:
3658:
3547:
3109:
2792:
2636:
Injected testosterone esters should be started at a low dose and titrated upwards based on
2557:
2290:
1955:
1389:
687:
637:
627:
204:
5258:"The Response of the Menstrual Cycle to Initiation of Hormonal Therapy in Transgender Men"
2887:, whereas AAS that are not 17α-alkylated, like nandrolone esters, must be administered by
2807:(AR) similarly to testosterone but are not usually used in HRT for transgender men or for
8:
9257:
9181:
9101:
9005:
8681:
8475:
8407:
8397:
8305:
8300:
8088:
8032:
7956:
7850:
7682:
7362:
7358:
7291:
7096:
7055:
6959:
6905:
6887:
6747:
6722:
6717:
6699:
6688:
6642:
6362:
5070:"Partial Androgen Insensitivity Syndrome (PAIS) | Intersex Society of North America"
4183:
Alzahrani T, Nguyen T, Ryan A, Dwairy A, McCaffrey J, Yunus R, et al. (April 2019).
3278:
3064:(which occurs during adolescence and is mediated by estrogen), antiestrogens can prevent
3037:
2987:
2924:
2896:
2880:
2676:
1901:
1596:
1299:
1198:
936:
707:
167:
5614:
3706:
Both estrogen and testosterone help stimulate bone formation (T, especially at puberty).
3370:
study. However, it has been recommended by some physicians that transgender men have an
9235:
9185:
8663:
8310:
8285:
7540:
7486:
7370:
7354:
7311:
7264:
7001:
6963:
6432:
6367:
6323:
6313:
6288:
6216:
6191:
6063:
5987:
5974:
5790:
5765:
5746:
5663:
5638:
5597:
5486:
5443:
5388:
5333:
5282:
5257:
5176:
5118:
5093:
4979:
4883:
4856:
4694:
4667:
4518:
4469:
4426:
4383:
4340:
4252:
4225:
4124:
4032:
4005:
3930:
3800:
3785:
Therapy is via phlebotomy (periodic therapeutic blood draws similar to blood donation).
3421:
3378:
3061:
3053:
2868:
2773:
1805:, while pointing out that more research is needed for newer therapies, concludes that:
1524:
and other treatments to reverse. The medications used for FTM therapy include, mainly,
1365:
1339:
220:
5816:
Transgender Care: Recommended Guidelines, Practical Information, and Personal Accounts
4619:
4549:
4160:
4143:
3291:
Testosterone is converted (within the cells of the hair follicle's dermal papilla) by
9273:
8355:
8340:
8048:
7861:
7711:
7402:
7350:
7225:
7071:
6895:
6752:
6742:
6680:
6186:
6152:
5820:
5795:
5738:
5734:
5703:
5668:
5619:
5601:
5581:
5562:
5527:
5490:
5478:
5447:
5435:
5427:
5392:
5380:
5372:
5325:
5287:
5236:
5180:
5168:
5123:
5055:
5035:
5008:
4984:
4888:
4830:
4734:
4699:
4623:
4588:
4553:
4510:
4500:
4473:
4461:
4418:
4387:
4375:
4332:
4257:
4206:
4165:
4116:
4037:
3555:
3097:
2951:
2828:
2804:
2664:
2617:
1881:
905:
899:
360:
225:
191:
8165:
5750:
5337:
4522:
4430:
4201:
4184:
4142:
Nota NM, Wiepjes CM, de Blok CJ, Gooren LJ, Kreukels BP, den Heijer M (March 2019).
4128:
3060:) in transgender men. In addition, in those who have not yet undergone or completed
9231:
9164:
9156:
9134:
8848:
8613:
8605:
8379:
7923:
7911:
7523:
7439:
7252:
7013:
6944:
6267:
5954:
5785:
5777:
5730:
5695:
5658:
5650:
5609:
5593:
5554:
5517:
5470:
5419:
5364:
5317:
5277:
5269:
5158:
5113:
5105:
4974:
4964:
4878:
4868:
4726:
4689:
4679:
4615:
4580:
4545:
4492:
4453:
4410:
4367:
4344:
4324:
4280:
4247:
4237:
4196:
4155:
4106:
4027:
4017:
3551:
3253:
Change in body odor – less sweet and musky, more metallic and acrid.
2904:
2780:
2668:
2647:
2577:
1947:
1742:
1690:
1544:
1509:
757:
403:
4931:"Overview of masculinizing hormone therapy | Gender Affirming Health Program"
3428:(painful vaginal intercourse). This can be alleviated with topical estrogen cream.
9227:
9038:
8636:
8621:
8275:
8200:
8007:
7943:
7631:
7584:
7461:
7037:
6602:
6512:
6397:
5872:: A comprehensive guide to gender transition for persons assigned female at birth
5863:
5368:
3944:
3639:
3389:
tissue has been documented in transmasculine individuals on testosterone therapy.
3052:) can be used to reduce the effects of high levels of endogenous estrogen (e.g.,
3011:
2736:
2596:
2587:
1 year after treatment, general life satisfaction was increased in all subjects.
2534:
2340:
1999:
1979:
1959:
1824:
1730:
1548:
1516:
distribution. It cannot undo many of the changes produced by naturally occurring
1513:
1478:
1442:
1279:
953:
921:
911:
448:
230:
184:
8801:
4496:
4092:
3467:
to become pregnant. Testosterone must be withheld for the duration of pregnancy.
3292:
2812:
9323:
9239:
9205:
9193:
9015:
8723:
8567:
8562:
8520:
8515:
8510:
8485:
8442:
8257:
8117:
7980:
7968:
7601:
7283:
7125:
7021:
6983:
6971:
6930:
6767:
6576:
6568:
6560:
6532:
6517:
6462:
6278:
6058:
5982:
5781:
5558:
5474:
5423:
5321:
5109:
4873:
3263:
Some physicians see acne as a contraindication to increasing testosterone dose.
3232:
3144:
2884:
2687:
2565:
2319:
1893:
1860:
Enzyme inhibitors – May cause increased levels of testosterone:
1762:
1482:
1309:
877:
872:
419:
7173:
6089:
5699:
4668:"Hormonal Treatment Strategies Tailored to Non-Binary Transgender Individuals"
4457:
4371:
4226:"Hormonal Treatment Strategies Tailored to Non-Binary Transgender Individuals"
9378:
8617:
8460:
7567:
6502:
5605:
5531:
5431:
5407:
5376:
4907:"Overview of masculinizing hormone therapy | Gender Affirming Health Program"
4778:
4514:
3978:"Overview of masculinizing hormone therapy | Gender Affirming Health Program"
3776:
Increased red blood cell mass usually from overproduction by the bone marrow.
3603:
3520:
3435:
3351:
3190:
3002:
2820:
2637:
2311:
1846:
1734:
1533:
958:
941:
926:
887:
680:
622:
215:
5352:
4022:
3909:
The optimal ranges listed for testosterone only apply to individuals taking
2823:(which results in a reduced rate of skin and hair-related side effects like
259:
9111:
9074:
9068:
9064:
9056:
8978:
8811:
8694:
8689:
8658:
8587:
8572:
8547:
8505:
8500:
8424:
8419:
8372:
8365:
8247:
7990:
7927:
7866:
7795:
7790:
7785:
7780:
7760:
7755:
7702:
7669:
7649:
7643:
7639:
7498:
7493:
7287:
7268:
7208:
7027:
6915:
6822:
6807:
6797:
6792:
6782:
6737:
6732:
6671:
6638:
6624:
6610:
6522:
6487:
6452:
6442:
6407:
6352:
6303:
6298:
6124:
5929:
5915:
5879:
5799:
5672:
5623:
5566:
5482:
5439:
5384:
5329:
5291:
5273:
5172:
5127:
4988:
4892:
4752:
4738:
4703:
4627:
4584:
4557:
4465:
4422:
4379:
4336:
4261:
4210:
4169:
4120:
4041:
3831:
3770:
3717:
3713:
3703:
Estrogen is the predominant sex hormone that slows bone loss (even in men).
3527:
While a high level of testosterone is often associated with an increase in
3460:
3456:
3371:
3355:
testosterone is absorbed and should be calculated into one's total regimen.
3344:
3226:
3125:
3121:
3069:
3065:
3033:
3022:
2979:
2963:
2928:
2860:
2706:
2608:
1975:
1967:
1889:
1873:
1738:
1724:
1568:
1377:
893:
556:
498:
366:
249:
6373:
Trenbolone hexahydrobenzylcarbonate (trenbolone cyclohexylmethylcarbonate)
5742:
5707:
5654:
4969:
4805:
4659:
4592:
4328:
334:
9294:
9245:
9201:
9197:
9189:
9174:
9168:
9105:
9095:
8903:
8888:
8868:
8542:
8480:
8465:
8447:
8414:
8402:
8262:
8024:
7997:
7976:
7972:
7964:
7949:
7939:
7891:
7830:
7825:
7775:
7663:
7606:
7432:
7382:
7301:
7242:
7047:
7031:
6979:
6975:
6967:
6952:
6925:
6866:
6861:
6856:
6851:
6817:
6777:
6632:
6572:
6556:
6482:
6477:
6447:
6412:
6402:
6387:
6382:
6308:
6255:
5147:"Is there a role for 5α-reductase inhibitors in transgender individuals?"
4950:"Prenatal Virilization Associated with Paternal Testosterone Gel Therapy"
4111:
4094:
3827:
should be consistently done to assess hormone levels and liver function.
3745:
3599:
3559:
3425:
3186:
3093:
3089:
3041:
3006:
2899:
of acting as agonists of the AR and have similar effects, although their
2872:
2443:
2419:
2400:
1920:
1877:
1719:
1462:
1454:
762:
660:
374:
355:
329:
285:
266:
133:
5522:
5505:
5069:
1654:
1605:
9289:
9219:
9010:
8954:
8929:
8863:
8858:
8609:
8601:
8577:
8557:
8525:
8222:
8073:
8014:
7896:
7881:
7840:
7815:
7805:
7800:
7770:
7745:
7589:
7555:
7528:
7518:
7513:
7503:
7476:
7471:
7326:
7321:
7041:
6997:
6920:
6900:
6812:
6787:
6757:
6564:
6547:
6507:
6492:
6472:
6221:
6206:
6073:
6068:
5876:
Information for the Female to Male Crossdresser and Transsexual (1985):
5163:
5146:
4684:
4242:
3824:
3528:
2959:
2876:
2784:
2581:
1885:
1869:
1865:
1861:
1820:
1774:
882:
305:
290:
4730:
4414:
3434:
While testosterone decreases ovulation, it is not an approved form of
9249:
9209:
9091:
9087:
9060:
8959:
8939:
8934:
8898:
8893:
8883:
8878:
8873:
8853:
8552:
8470:
8213:
8001:
7984:
7960:
7901:
7876:
7810:
7765:
7572:
7560:
7550:
7466:
7456:
7279:
7005:
6987:
6910:
6802:
6727:
6707:
6618:
6614:
6552:
6467:
6181:
4444:
Defreyne J, T'Sjoen G (June 2019). "Transmasculine Hormone Therapy".
4285:
3999:
3997:
3924:
3839:
3721:
3591:
3581:
3532:
3439:
3407:
3101:
3049:
2973:
2967:
2848:
2824:
2680:
2641:
1983:
1897:
1850:
1794:
1698:
1505:
1466:
1360:
1149:
867:
324:
279:
244:
210:
5853:- masculinizing and feminizing clinical protocols aimed at providers
3420:
Androgen therapy (and suppression of estrogen production) may cause
24:
9152:
8949:
8924:
8535:
8083:
8018:
7919:
7750:
7295:
7248:
7091:
6993:
6582:
6259:
6132:
6120:
5949:
5636:
4783:
4536:
Irwig MS (April 2017). "Testosterone therapy for transgender men".
3501:
3495:
3386:
3220:
3213:
3143:
In those who have not yet started or completed epiphyseal closure,
2935:
2912:
2908:
2776:
2711:
2702:
2332:
2298:
2061:
1963:
1943:
1913:
1854:
1714:
1709:
1552:
1525:
1490:
1458:
1314:
340:
317:
8646:
7732:
5408:"Prostatic metaplasia of the vagina in transmasculine individuals"
4716:
4313:
3994:
3438:; transgender men who engage in sex which places them at risk for
9284:
8437:
8231:
8068:
7621:
6542:
6160:
4666:
Cocchetti C, Ristori J, Romani A, Maggi M, Fisher AD (May 2020).
4224:
Cocchetti C, Ristori J, Romani A, Maggi M, Fisher AD (May 2020).
3617:
3610:
2995:
2800:
1834:
1540:
1521:
1517:
347:
273:
238:
1942:
Medications used in hormone therapy for transgender men include
5884:
5720:
5503:
3808:
3403:
3399:
3363:
3132:
2844:
2836:
2518:
2474:
1991:
1827:
1304:
311:
9079:
7723:
5763:
5685:
3155:
The main effects of testosterone in trans men are as follows:
2679:
of hormones over a given period and having a simple method of
1539:
While the therapy cannot undo the effects of a person's first
5199:
3587:
3018:
2788:
1838:
1831:
1749:
254:
5869:
5770:
American Journal of Physiology. Endocrinology and Metabolism
5460:
4806:"Testosterone Injections: Uses, Side Effects & Warnings"
4486:
8281:
Algestone acetophenide (dihydroxyprogesterone acetophenide)
5350:
4665:
4570:
4274:
4223:
3694:
3620:
sensitivity (perhaps worsening a predisposition to develop
3274:
3072:(estrogen limits height by causing the epiphyses to fuse).
2832:
2816:
2691:
1780:
1324:
295:
8270:
17α-Hydroxyprogesterone (and closely related) derivatives:
5544:
3638:
The most important modifiable risk factor for many men is
5307:
4307:
4182:
3830:
Gianna Israel and colleagues have suggested that for pre-
3823:
During HRT, especially in the early stages of treatment,
2840:
2753:
1497:
1329:
4779:"FDA Approves Aveed Testosterone Jab, with Restrictions"
4141:
3646:
Formation in Female ApoE -/- Mice." Endocrinology. 2017)
3609:
Androgen therapy redistributes the fat toward abdominal
2158:
1908:
Testosterone can also alter the effects of other drugs:
1547:, and can help the person to "pass" or be seen as their
4753:"Aveed (testosterone undecanoate) FDA Approval History"
4357:
3602:, increases in LDL (bad) cholesterol, and increases in
3586:
from 1975 to 1994 showed no increase in cardiovascular
2954:
and cannot be directly converted into estrogen via the
9346:
9145:
9119:
9112:
9049:
8820:
8803:
8008:
7991:
7657:
7650:
4831:"Testosterone Injection: MedlinePlus Drug Information"
3358:
After long-term androgen therapy, ovaries may develop
3338:
2966:. DHT can be converted into testosterone which can be
8195:
5579:
5405:
4446:
Endocrinology and Metabolism Clinics of North America
3616:
Androgen therapy can cause weight gain and decreased
3277:
follicles is mainly due to the more potent androgen,
2654:, a medication used in masculinizing hormone therapy.
7674:
7595:
Methestrol dipropionate (promethestrol dipropionate)
6652:
6279:
Androstanolone (stanolone, dihydrotestosterone, DHT)
5688:
The Journal of Clinical Endocrinology and Metabolism
5007:. Taylor & Francis. January 2000. pp. 63â.
4317:
The Journal of Clinical Endocrinology and Metabolism
4099:
The Journal of Clinical Endocrinology and Metabolism
3920:
3751:
OSA may be worsened or unmasked by androgen therapy.
3414:). Use of testosterone is no exception to this rule.
2994:(FSH) which in turn cause the gonads to produce sex
1927:
used in the management of cardiovascular conditions;
9143:Sex steroid agonists (via negative feedback on the
6518:
Normethandrone (methylestrenolone, normethisterone)
6294:
Drostanolone propionate (dromostanolone propionate)
6138:
5812:
4443:
4437:
3661:(or at least ALT) should be periodically monitored.
3182:
Acne (especially in the first few years of therapy)
2473:The natural production of testosterone by the male
49:. Unsourced material may be challenged and removed.
9047:Sex steroid antagonists (via disinhibition of the
8651:Tooltip Selective progesterone receptor modulators
7737:Tooltip selective estrogen receptor downregulators
5813:Israel GE, Tarver DE, Shaffer JS (26 April 2001).
5021:
4605:
4394:
4351:
3716:must continue androgen therapy to avoid premature
2974:Gonadotropin-releasing hormone modulator analogues
5034:. Jones & Bartlett Learning. pp. 1100â.
4480:
4299:: CS1 maint: DOI inactive as of September 2024 (
3788:Tendency to become polycythemic worsens with age.
1635:
9376:
6408:Metandienone (methandienone, methandrostenolone)
5806:
5230:
5004:Index Nominum 2000: International Drug Directory
4995:
4957:International Journal of Pediatric Endocrinology
4854:
4491:. Contemporary Endocrinology. pp. 143â163.
4189:Circulation: Cardiovascular Quality and Outcomes
3524:drive. Many also report feeling more confident.
3235:â possible shrinking and/or softening of breasts
2031:Medications and dosages used in transgender men
1646:Transgender hormone therapy § Accessibility
264:
7561:Mestilbol (diethylstilbestrol monomethyl ether)
7203:
6119:
5087:
5085:
5083:
2182:
1697:exist. An absolute medical contraindication is
1642:Transgender hormone therapy § Requirements
9282:Others (mixed or unknown mechanism of action):
9084:Tooltip Selective estrogen receptor modulators
7728:Tooltip selective estrogen receptor modulators
6460:17α-Alkylated dihydrotestosterone derivatives:
5226:
5224:
5222:
5094:"Dermatologic care of the transgender patient"
5027:
4599:
4400:
2847:. Also, many AAS, like nandrolone esters, are
1982:to suppress estrogen and progesterone levels;
1767:Bleeding disorders (for injected testosterone)
8787:
8674:
8224:
8181:
7551:Dimestrol (diethylstilbestrol dimethyl ether)
7189:
6500:17α-Alkylated 19-nortestosterone derivatives:
6105:
5900:
5463:American Journal of Obstetrics and Gynecology
5310:American Journal of Obstetrics and Gynecology
5133:frequently after 2 years of testosterone use.
4634:
4056:"Masculinizing hormone therapy - Mayo Clinic"
2986:(GnRH) to stimulate the pituitary to produce
2938:men to initiate the development of masculine
2017:
1407:
8408:Segesterone acetate (nestorone, elcometrine)
6319:Metenolone enanthate (methenolone enanthate)
5255:
5098:International Journal of Women's Dermatology
5080:
4947:
2584:(no longer experiencing menstrual periods).
8986:
7683:
7556:Fosfestrol (diethylstilbestrol diphosphate)
6643:
5955:Androgen/anabolic steroid (as a medication)
5497:
5219:
4564:
3650:
3250:Increased activity of oil and sweat glands.
1777:effects on most but not all breast cancers)
1773:History of breast cancer (testosterone has
1580:Puberty suppression in gender diverse youth
8794:
8780:
8393:Gestonorone caproate (gestronol hexanoate)
8188:
8174:
7196:
7182:
6112:
6098:
5907:
5893:
5357:The American Journal of Surgical Pathology
5031:Conservative Management of Sports Injuries
4855:Pastuszak AW, Hu Y, Freid JD (June 2020).
4006:"Hormone therapy for transgender patients"
3739:
3080:
2024:
2010:
1414:
1400:
16:Type of gender-affirming medical treatment
8311:Flugestone acetate (flurogestone acetate)
7712:
7477:Prasterone (dehydroepiandrosterone; DHEA)
7226:
6681:
6363:Oxabolone cipionate (oxabolone cypionate)
6207:Prasterone (dehydroepiandrosterone, DHEA)
6153:
6074:Dehydroepiandrosterone (DHEA; prasterone)
6059:Dihydrotestosterone (DHT; androstanolone)
5789:
5662:
5613:
5521:
5281:
5187:
5162:
5138:
5117:
4978:
4968:
4882:
4872:
4693:
4683:
4529:
4360:Journal of Endocrinological Investigation
4284:
4251:
4241:
4200:
4159:
4110:
4031:
4021:
3570:
3565:
3297:congenital 5α-reductase type 2 deficiency
2513:
2511:
2501:
2499:
2497:
2495:
2493:
2491:
2489:
2487:
2485:
2483:
2069:40â80 mg up to three times/day
109:Learn how and when to remove this message
7433:Estropipate (piperazine estrone sulfate)
6314:Metenolone acetate (methenolone acetate)
5091:
4538:The Lancet. Diabetes & Endocrinology
3514:
3176:Increased sweat and changes in body odor
3036:(or so-called "estrogen blockers") like
2763:
2747:
2646:
1704:Relative medical contraindications are:
6380:17α-Alkylated testosterone derivatives:
5851:Tom Waddell Clinic Transgender Protocol
5819:. Temple University Press. p. 69.
5235:. Lyon-Martin Women's Health Services.
4573:Experimental and Clinical Endocrinology
3903:225â900 ng/dL (post-oophorectomy)
3488:
3455:If a transgender man has not undergone
3446:
3303:) never develop male-pattern hair loss.
3170:Cessation of ovulation and menstruation
2944:partial androgen insensitivity syndrome
2529:
2527:
2505:Also available under other brand names.
1912:Increases the blood thinning effect of
1770:Significant history of violent behavior
9377:
9124:Tooltip gonadotropin-releasing hormone
8808:Tooltip Gonadotropin-releasing hormone
8276:Acetomepregenol (mepregenol diacetate)
6393:Chlorodehydromethyltestosterone (CDMT)
4776:
3046:selective estrogen receptor modulators
2919:
2768:
2508:
2480:
1564:Testosterone replacement therapy (TRT)
1477:), and is predominantly used to treat
8775:
8169:
7177:
6533:Norvinisterone (vinylnortestosterone)
6212:Prasterone enanthate (DHEA enanthate)
6093:
5888:
5231:Gorton RN, Jamie Buth MD (May 2005).
5144:
4535:
4003:
3901:225â900 ng/dL (pre-oophorectomy)
2352:
2073:
1574:Gender affirmation in transgender men
9349:and gonadotropin receptor modulators
7679:Tooltip follicle-stimulating hormone
6657:Tooltip human chorionic gonadotropin
6540:17α-Ethynyltestosterone derivatives:
3898:25â95 ng/dL (post-orchiectomy)
3665:
3179:Prominence of veins and coarser skin
3120:Progestogens can be used to control
2942:, particularly for individuals with
2524:
2477:is between 3 and 11 mg per day.
2428:
1888:(an anti-ulcer agent that can cause
1684:
1649:
1600:
47:adding citations to reliable sources
18:
7163:List of androgens/anabolic steroids
6143:Tooltip anabolicâandrogenic steroid
5256:Ahmad S, Leinung M (October 2017).
4010:Translational Andrology and Urology
3896:95â225 ng/dL (pre-orchiectomy)
3339:Endocrine and gynecological changes
3239:
2970:into estrogen however this is low.
2113:
449:Puberty-suppressing hormone therapy
13:
8516:Normethandrone (methylestrenolone)
8084:Androvax (androstenedione albumin)
7092:Androvax (androstenedione albumin)
6530:17α-Vinyltestosterone derivatives:
6413:Methandriol (methylandrostenediol)
5598:10.1001/jamanetworkopen.2023.31919
3882:< 40 pg/mL (post-oophorectomy)
3229:if given before the end of puberty
2348:150mg/day or 200mg twice/day
1758:or risk factors for this condition
14:
9396:
9364:Progestogens and antiprogestogens
8964:+estradiol/norethisterone acetate
8150:Progestogens and antiprogestogens
7158:Progestogens and antiprogestogens
6557:ethisterone (ethynyltestosterone)
6217:Prasterone sulfate (DHEA sulfate)
5844:
5510:European Journal of Endocrinology
4620:10.2174/1574884712666170310111125
4161:10.1161/CIRCULATIONAHA.118.038584
3880:< 400 pg/mL (pre-oophorectomy)
3818:
3424:and dryness, which may result in
3307:
3138:
8746:Progesterone receptor modulators
7546:Diethylstilbestrol esters/ethers
7541:Diethylstilbestrol (stilbestrol)
6438:Methyltestosterone 3-hexyl ether
6418:Methandriol bisenanthoyl acetate
6276:Dihydrotestosterone derivatives:
5945:Pharmacokinetics of testosterone
5940:Pharmacodynamics of testosterone
5914:
5735:10.1046/j.1365-2265.1998.00396.x
3937:
3923:
3877:40â400 pg/mL (post-orchiectomy)
3028:
2644:man is 290 to 900 ng/dL).
2568:, decreased fat mass, decreased
1892:in men because of this effect).
1653:
1604:
1451:secondary sexual characteristics
1441:) hormone therapy, is a form of
1384:
1383:
1371:
1359:
510:Assisted reproductive technology
23:
8455:19-Nortestosterone derivatives:
8387:19-Norprogesterone derivatives:
6331:19-Nortestosterone derivatives:
6069:Nandrolone (19-nortestosterone)
5757:
5714:
5679:
5630:
5573:
5538:
5454:
5399:
5344:
5249:
5062:
5048:
5028:Hyde TE, Gengenbach MS (2007).
4941:
4923:
4899:
4848:
4823:
4798:
4770:
4745:
4710:
4642:"Orilissa (elagolix) FDA Label"
4202:10.1161/CIRCOUTCOMES.119.005597
4080:"Masculinizing Hormone Therapy"
3875:400â800 pg/mL (pre-orchiectomy)
3764:
3687:
3562:relative to the control group.
3366:as well as decreased fertility.
3267:
3244:
3115:
3096:can be used to slow or prevent
2934:DHT is common androgen used by
2570:high-density plasma lipoprotein
2551:
2467:
1919:Decreases the effectiveness of
1814:
1727:(elevated red blood cell count)
1558:
58:"Masculinizing hormone therapy"
34:needs additional citations for
8486:Norethisterone (norethindrone)
8331:Hydroxyprogesterone heptanoate
8255:Retroprogesterone derivatives:
8089:Ovandrotone albumin (Fecundin)
7275:) (via estrogenic metabolites)
7097:Ovandrotone albumin (Fecundin)
6569:norethisterone (norethindrone)
5935:Testosterone (as a medication)
5547:The Journal of Sexual Medicine
5195:"Standards of Care, Version 7"
4719:The Journal of Sexual Medicine
4268:
4217:
4176:
4135:
4086:
4072:
4048:
3970:
3814:Aspirin may decrease the risk.
3712:Transgender men who have been
3412:Human papillomavirus infection
3273:The action of testosterone on
3209:Growth of facial and body hair
3196:Increased red blood cell count
2984:gonadotropin-releasing hormone
2964:breast growth and hip widening
2658:
1937:
1636:Requirements and accessibility
1431:transmasculine hormone therapy
868:Cisgender / cissexual
863:Childhood gender nonconformity
489:Facial masculinization surgery
1:
9385:Masculinizing hormone therapy
8679:Tooltip Progesterone receptor
8229:Tooltip Progesterone receptor
6028:Testosterone phenylpropionate
5965:Masculinizing hormone therapy
5866:: a free online medical book.
4608:Current Clinical Pharmacology
4550:10.1016/S2213-8587(16)00036-X
3963:
3185:Alterations in blood lipids (
3106:male-pattern body hair growth
2940:secondary sex characteristics
1958:and other routes) to produce
1427:Masculinizing hormone therapy
1345:Social construction of gender
9262:hydroxyprogesterone caproate
9001:Human chorionic gonadotropin
8996:Follicle-stimulating hormone
8598:Anabolicâandrogenic steroids
8326:Hydroxyprogesterone caproate
8140:Estrogen receptor modulators
8041:hydroxyprogesterone caproate
7148:Androgen receptor modulators
7060:hydroxyprogesterone caproate
6523:Propetandrol (propethandrol)
6453:Tiomesterone (thiomesterone)
5960:Androgen replacement therapy
5369:10.1097/PAS.0000000000001486
4948:Patel A, Rivkees SA (2010).
4672:Journal of Clinical Medicine
4230:Journal of Clinical Medicine
3953:Androgen replacement therapy
3225:Growth spurt and closure of
2992:follicle-stimulating hormone
2809:androgen replacement therapy
2533:For prevention/treatment of
1970:levels, and prevent/reverse
1449:which is used to change the
917:Gender-sexuality questioning
7:
9359:Estrogens and antiestrogens
9354:Androgens and antiandrogens
9270:medroxyprogesterone acetate
8756:Estrogens and antiestrogens
8751:Androgens and antiandrogens
8336:Medroxyprogesterone acetate
8321:Hydroxyprogesterone acetate
8296:Chlormethenmadinone acetate
8145:Androgens and antiandrogens
8081:Androstenedione immunogens:
8045:medroxyprogesterone acetate
7688:Tooltip luteinizing hormone
7568:Doisynoestrol (fenocycline)
7153:Estrogens and antiestrogens
7089:Androstenedione immunogens:
7068:medroxyprogesterone acetate
6648:Tooltip luteinizing hormone
6593:Medroxyprogesterone acetate
6347:nandrolone phenylpropionate
6252:testosterone ester mixtures
6172:Androstenediol dipropionate
5930:Testosterone (as a hormone)
5870:Hudson's FTM Resource Guide
4777:Tucker ME (March 7, 2014).
4497:10.1007/978-3-030-05683-4_8
3916:
3858:Optimal trans female range
3725:estrogen to slow bone loss.
3129:medroxyprogesterone acetate
2797:nandrolone phenylpropionate
2717:
2590:
2354:Medroxyprogesterone acetate
1988:medroxyprogesterone acetate
1504:and a masculine pattern of
1471:transgender hormone therapy
482:Facial feminization surgery
10:
9401:
8066:Mixed mechanism of action:
7838:Noncompetitive inhibitors:
7590:Methestrol (promethestrol)
7445:Ethinylestradiol sulfonate
7018:ethinylestradiol sulfonate
5782:10.1152/ajpendo.00161.2017
5559:10.1016/j.jsxm.2017.11.004
5475:10.1016/j.ajog.2019.07.043
5424:10.1007/s00345-021-03907-y
5322:10.1016/j.ajog.2018.12.021
5145:Irwig MS (November 2021).
5110:10.1016/j.ijwd.2016.11.007
5092:Ginsberg BA (March 2017).
4874:10.1016/j.esxm.2020.01.009
4004:Unger CA (December 2016).
3958:Feminizing hormone therapy
3885:
3864:
3847:
3768:
3743:
3260:prescribed by a physician.
3167:Redistribution of body fat
3150:
3102:excessive body hair growth
2907:, oral activity, ratio of
2825:excessive body hair growth
2395:104mg every 3 months
2381:150mg every 3 months
2212:50â100mg once/week or
2188:50â100mg once/week or
1857:(antibiotic), and alcohol.
1639:
1594:
1590:
1483:transmasculine individuals
1475:feminizing hormone therapy
852:Androphilia and gynephilia
552:Gender self-identification
9307:
9133:
9037:
9028:
8977:
8912:
8836:
8818:
8707:
8672:
8644:
8635:
8585:Spirolactone derivatives:
8432:Testosterone derivatives:
8240:Progesterone derivatives:
8207:
8101:
8058:
7910:
7849:
7823:Exclusively antagonistic:
7717:Tooltip Estrogen receptor
7710:
7701:
7630:
7231:Tooltip Estrogen receptor
7224:
7215:
7109:
7081:
6943:
6880:
6842:
6831:
6686:Tooltip Androgen receptor
6679:
6670:
6601:
6590:Progesterone derivatives:
6202:Cloxotestosterone acetate
6169:Testosterone derivatives:
6158:Tooltip Androgen receptor
6151:
6131:
6051:
6043:Mixed testosterone esters
5973:
5922:
5700:10.1210/jcem.79.1.8027240
4458:10.1016/j.ecl.2019.01.004
4372:10.1007/s40618-014-0186-2
3861:Optimal trans male range
3544:randomized clinical trial
3360:polycystic ovary syndrome
3075:
3058:feminine fat distribution
2956:androgen backdoor pathway
2883:but carry a high risk of
2463:
2442:
2418:
2399:
2331:
2310:
2289:
2267:
2242:Mixed testosterone esters
2240:
2221:
2197:
2170:
2052:
2047:
2044:
2041:
2038:
2035:
1925:nonselective beta blocker
1787:
1469:. It is a common type of
226:Non-binary or genderqueer
8889:Leuprorelin (leuprolide)
8496:Norethisterone enanthate
7452:Hydroxyestrone diacetate
7379:estradiol ester mixtures
6473:Mebolazine (dimethazine)
6423:Methandriol dipropionate
6248:testosterone undecanoate
6038:Testosterone undecanoate
6023:Testosterone isocaproate
6018:Testosterone isobutyrate
5412:World Journal of Urology
4277:Neurology of Urodynamics
3651:Gastrointestinal changes
3494:Headaches: Pre-existing
2948:assigned female at birth
2614:testosterone undecanoate
2603:(Depo-Testosterone) and
2269:Testosterone undecanoate
2223:Testosterone isobutyrate
2054:Testosterone undecanoate
1520:, which may necessitate
1487:assigned female at birth
1447:gender affirming therapy
671:Parental rights movement
580:Political office-holders
459:Gender-affirming surgery
7617:Triphenylchloroethylene
7375:polyestradiol phosphate
6823:Topilutamide (fluridil)
6244:testosterone propionate
6033:Testosterone propionate
5950:Androgen (as a hormone)
4023:10.21037/tau.2016.09.04
3740:Obstructive sleep apnea
3584:Gender Dysphoria Clinic
3465:reproductive technology
3086:5α-Reductase inhibitors
3081:5α-Reductase inhibitors
2889:intramuscular injection
2726:
2622:Testosterone propionate
2574:low-density lipoprotein
2102:11mg three times daily
1996:5α-reductase inhibitors
1801:A 2022 review entitled
1756:Coronary artery disease
265:
198:Bissu, Calabai, Calalai
8491:Norethisterone acetate
8351:Methenmadinone acetate
7612:Triphenylbromoethylene
7389:Estramustine phosphate
6428:Methandriol propionate
6334:Bolandiol dipropionate
6240:testosterone enanthate
6236:testosterone cypionate
6177:Boldenone undecylenate
6013:Testosterone enanthate
6008:Testosterone decanoate
6003:Testosterone cypionate
5993:Testosterone buciclate
5723:Clinical Endocrinology
5274:10.1089/trgh.2017.0023
4585:10.1055/s-0029-1210600
4403:Clinical Endocrinology
4289:(inactive 2024-09-01).
3797:deep venous thrombosis
3571:Cardiovascular changes
3566:Health-related changes
3406:are advised to have a
3382:histologically active.
3206:Deepening of the voice
2733:gastrointestinal tract
2655:
2652:Testosterone cypionate
2605:testosterone enanthate
2601:testosterone cypionate
2576:levels, and increased
2199:Testosterone cypionate
2172:Testosterone enanthate
1812:
1662:This section is empty.
1613:This section is empty.
1366:Transgender portal
1335:Sexâgender distinction
894:Gender detransitioning
781:Anatomical terminology
9254:chlormadinone acetate
8361:Pentagestrone acetate
8291:Chlormadinone acetate
8029:chlormadinone acetate
7413:Estrogenic substances
7407:polyestriol phosphate
7307:Cloxestradiol acetate
7052:chlormadinone acetate
6713:Chlormadinone acetate
6284:Androstanolone esters
5998:Testosterone caproate
5655:10.1210/en.2017-00884
4329:10.1210/jc.2017-01658
3887:Testosterone (total)
3515:Psychological changes
3286:male pattern baldness
3216:(in some individuals)
3173:Increased musculature
2764:Alternative androgens
2748:Sublingual and buccal
2741:first-pass metabolism
2650:
2558:elimination half-life
2386:Depo-SubQ Provera 104
1853:(seizure medicines),
1830:system (specifically
1807:
1320:Queer heterosexuality
932:Rapid-onset dysphoria
715:Yogyakarta Principles
9266:gestonorone caproate
9102:Aromatase inhibitors
8761:List of progestogens
8531:Quingestanol acetate
8346:Melengestrol acetate
8316:Flumedroxone acetate
8037:gestonorone caproate
7851:Aromatase inhibitors
7534:Dienestrol diacetate
7482:Prasterone enanthate
7367:estradiol undecylate
7332:Esterified estrogens
7317:Conjugated estrogens
7064:gestonorone caproate
6872:Saw palmetto extract
6763:Potassium canrenoate
6358:Norclostebol acetate
6343:nandrolone decanoate
6197:Clostebol propionate
5516:(suppl_1): 107â114.
5316:(3): 257.e1â257.e7.
4678:(6). MDPI AG: 1609.
4489:Transgender Medicine
4112:10.1210/jc.2009-0345
3659:liver function tests
3548:testosterone therapy
3489:Neurological changes
3447:Reproductive changes
3201:Irreversible changes
3124:in transgender men.
3110:clitoral enlargement
3068:as well as increase
3038:aromatase inhibitors
2793:nandrolone decanoate
2291:Nandrolone decanoate
1567:Utilized to address
906:Gender transitioning
858:Blanchard's typology
786:Fictional characters
732:Events and awareness
638:Anti-gender movement
43:improve this article
9258:cyproterone acetate
9186:prolactin releasers
9006:Luteinizing hormone
8476:Etynodiol diacetate
8398:Nomegestrol acetate
8306:Delmadinone acetate
8301:Cyproterone acetate
8033:cyproterone acetate
7932:testosterone esters
7363:estradiol enanthate
7359:estradiol cypionate
7292:etynodiol diacetate
7261:testosterone esters
7056:cyproterone acetate
6964:prolactin releasers
6906:Cyproterone acetate
6888:Abiraterone acetate
6748:Nomegestrol acetate
6723:Delmadinone acetate
6718:Cyproterone acetate
6700:Abiraterone acetate
6232:Testosterone esters
5523:10.1530/eje.1.02248
5207:on January 28, 2014
4970:10.1155/2010/867471
4082:. 17 February 2022.
3893:225â900 ng/dL
3301:5α-reductase type 1
3279:dihydrotestosterone
3219:Enlargement of the
2988:luteinizing hormone
2978:In all people, the
2925:Dihydrotestosterone
2920:Dihydrotestosterone
2897:mechanism of action
2769:Synthetic androgens
2739:. In addition, the
2517:For suppression of
2236:50â100mg once/week
2032:
1998:to prevent/reverse
1902:protease inhibitors
1872:(antidepressants),
1708:Androgen-sensitive
1597:Transgender history
1300:Anti-LGBTQ rhetoric
845:Theory and concepts
727:Society and culture
708:Trans panic defense
9334:Never to phase III
9236:diethylstilbestrol
8734:Never to phase III
8664:Ulipristal acetate
8286:Anagestone acetate
8128:Never to phase III
7963:releasers) (e.g.,
7874:Second-generation:
7487:Prasterone sulfate
7371:estradiol valerate
7355:estradiol benzoate
7312:Conjugated estriol
7265:methyltestosterone
7136:Never to phase III
7002:diethylstilbestrol
6629:GnRH (gonadorelin)
6433:Methyltestosterone
6368:Trenbolone acetate
6324:Stenbolone acetate
6289:Bolazine capronate
6192:Clostebol caproate
6064:Methyltestosterone
5988:Testosterone ester
5862:2016-11-30 at the
5262:Transgender Health
5164:10.1111/andr.12881
4935:transcare.ucsf.edu
4911:transcare.ucsf.edu
4685:10.3390/jcm9061609
4243:10.3390/jcm9061609
4060:www.mayoclinic.org
3982:transcare.ucsf.edu
3931:Transgender portal
3801:pulmonary embolism
3546:on the effects of
3496:migraine headaches
3379:endometrial cancer
3159:Reversible changes
3062:epiphyseal closure
3054:breast development
3021:permits GnRH from
2952:androgen receptors
2869:methyltestosterone
2656:
2572:levels, increased
2282:750â1,000mg every
2005:
1745:and fluid overload
1340:Sexual orientation
1179:Disenfranchisement
748:Day of Remembrance
649:trans-exclusionary
134:Transgender topics
9372:
9371:
9303:
9302:
9274:megestrol acetate
9165:nandrolone esters
9157:anabolic steroids
9135:Antigonadotropins
9024:
9023:
8973:
8972:
8769:
8768:
8703:
8702:
8631:
8630:
8390:17α-Hydroxylated:
8356:Osaterone acetate
8341:Megestrol acetate
8273:17α-Hydroxylated:
8163:
8162:
8155:List of estrogens
8097:
8096:
8049:megestrol acetate
7936:nandrolone esters
7924:anabolic steroids
7912:Antigonadotropins
7889:Third-generation:
7862:Aminoglutethimide
7859:First-generation:
7697:
7696:
7403:estriol succinate
7351:estradiol acetate
7273:nandrolone esters
7253:anabolic steroids
7171:
7170:
7105:
7104:
7072:megestrol acetate
6945:Antigonadotropins
6939:
6938:
6896:Aminoglutethimide
6753:Osaterone acetate
6743:Megestrol acetate
6666:
6665:
6339:Nandrolone esters
6187:Clostebol acetate
6087:
6086:
5826:978-1-56639-852-7
5586:JAMA Network Open
5242:978-0-9773250-0-9
5041:978-0-7637-3252-3
5014:978-3-88763-075-1
4731:10.1111/jsm.12698
4725:(12): 3002â3011.
4506:978-3-030-05683-4
4415:10.1111/cen.12753
4323:(11): 3869â3903.
4154:(11): 1461â1462.
3907:
3906:
3890:25â95 ng/dL
3866:Estrogen (total)
3852:Cis female range
3666:Metabolic changes
2805:androgen receptor
2781:anabolic steroids
2677:consistent supply
2618:patent protection
2549:
2548:
2088:30mg twice daily
1948:anabolic steroids
1900:antibiotics, and
1882:azole antifungals
1775:antiproliferative
1691:contraindications
1685:Contraindications
1682:
1681:
1633:
1632:
1424:
1423:
1270:elected officials
900:Gender expression
753:Day of Visibility
562:Non-binary gender
528:Standards of Care
185:Gender identities
119:
118:
111:
93:
9392:
9348:
9232:ethinylestradiol
9228:estradiol esters
9147:
9125:
9121:
9114:
9085:
9081:
9051:
9039:Progonadotropins
9035:
9034:
8984:
8983:
8849:Azagly-nafarelin
8834:
8833:
8822:
8809:
8805:
8796:
8789:
8782:
8773:
8772:
8680:
8676:
8652:
8648:
8642:
8641:
8637:Antiprogestogens
8380:Haloprogesterone
8230:
8226:
8220:
8219:
8201:antiprogestogens
8190:
8183:
8176:
8167:
8166:
8010:
7993:
7738:
7734:
7729:
7725:
7718:
7714:
7708:
7707:
7689:
7685:
7680:
7676:
7659:
7652:
7632:Progonadotropins
7578:Hexestrol esters
7524:Chlorotrianisene
7440:Ethinylestradiol
7347:Estradiol esters
7232:
7228:
7222:
7221:
7198:
7191:
7184:
7175:
7174:
7038:GnRH antagonists
7014:ethinylestradiol
7010:estradiol esters
6840:
6839:
6687:
6683:
6677:
6676:
6658:
6654:
6649:
6645:
6603:Progonadotropins
6268:Testoviron Depot
6159:
6155:
6149:
6148:
6144:
6140:
6114:
6107:
6100:
6091:
6090:
5909:
5902:
5895:
5886:
5885:
5838:
5837:
5835:
5833:
5810:
5804:
5803:
5793:
5776:(5): E540âE551.
5761:
5755:
5754:
5718:
5712:
5711:
5683:
5677:
5676:
5666:
5634:
5628:
5627:
5617:
5577:
5571:
5570:
5542:
5536:
5535:
5525:
5501:
5495:
5494:
5458:
5452:
5451:
5403:
5397:
5396:
5363:(8): 1040â1049.
5348:
5342:
5341:
5305:
5296:
5295:
5285:
5253:
5247:
5246:
5228:
5217:
5216:
5214:
5212:
5203:. Archived from
5191:
5185:
5184:
5166:
5157:(6): 1729â1731.
5142:
5136:
5135:
5121:
5089:
5078:
5077:
5066:
5060:
5059:
5052:
5046:
5045:
5025:
5019:
5018:
4999:
4993:
4992:
4982:
4972:
4954:
4945:
4939:
4938:
4927:
4921:
4920:
4918:
4917:
4903:
4897:
4896:
4886:
4876:
4852:
4846:
4845:
4843:
4841:
4827:
4821:
4820:
4818:
4816:
4802:
4796:
4795:
4793:
4791:
4774:
4768:
4767:
4765:
4763:
4749:
4743:
4742:
4714:
4708:
4707:
4697:
4687:
4663:
4657:
4656:
4654:
4652:
4646:
4638:
4632:
4631:
4603:
4597:
4596:
4568:
4562:
4561:
4533:
4527:
4526:
4484:
4478:
4477:
4441:
4435:
4434:
4398:
4392:
4391:
4355:
4349:
4348:
4311:
4305:
4304:
4298:
4290:
4288:
4286:10.1002/nau25094
4272:
4266:
4265:
4255:
4245:
4221:
4215:
4214:
4204:
4180:
4174:
4173:
4163:
4139:
4133:
4132:
4114:
4105:(9): 3132â3154.
4090:
4084:
4083:
4076:
4070:
4069:
4067:
4066:
4052:
4046:
4045:
4035:
4025:
4001:
3992:
3991:
3989:
3988:
3974:
3947:
3942:
3941:
3940:
3933:
3928:
3927:
3846:
3845:
3622:Type II diabetes
3410:per guidelines (
3299:(but functional
3240:Physical changes
3164:Increased libido
3001:In adolescents,
2962:effects such as
2905:pharmacokinetics
2863:). AAS that are
2759:
2578:prothrombin time
2538:
2531:
2522:
2515:
2506:
2503:
2478:
2471:
2430:
2285:
2263:
2258:
2217:
2214:100â250mg every
2193:
2190:100â250mg every
2184:
2166:
2163:150â600mg every
2160:
2115:
2058:Andriol, Jatenzo
2033:
2026:
2019:
2012:
2004:
1904:(HIV treatment).
1819:Testosterone is
1783:(mild to severe)
1743:sodium retention
1695:androgen therapy
1677:
1674:
1664:You can help by
1657:
1650:
1628:
1625:
1615:You can help by
1608:
1601:
1545:gender dysphoria
1429:, also known as
1416:
1409:
1402:
1387:
1386:
1378:LGBTQ portal
1376:
1375:
1374:
1364:
1363:
1214:
1041:
908:
896:
854:
801:Media portrayals
654:
653:
652:radical feminism
650:
646:
598:Military service
530:
518:
501:
491:
484:
475:
468:
461:
451:
432:
422:
413:
406:
404:Gender dysphoria
399:
270:
154:
151:
148:
145:
142:
121:
120:
114:
107:
103:
100:
94:
92:
51:
27:
19:
9400:
9399:
9395:
9394:
9393:
9391:
9390:
9389:
9375:
9374:
9373:
9368:
9339:
9324:Clinical trials
9299:
9178:
9129:
9123:
9083:
9030:
9020:
8969:
8908:
8825:
8814:
8807:
8800:
8770:
8765:
8739:
8724:Clinical trials
8699:
8678:
8668:
8650:
8627:
8622:norethandrolone
8412:17α-Methylated:
8370:17α-Methylated:
8228:
8211:
8203:
8194:
8164:
8159:
8133:
8118:Clinical trials
8093:
8054:
7953:
7944:fluoxymesterone
7906:
7845:
7736:
7727:
7720:
7716:
7693:
7687:
7678:
7626:
7585:Methallenestril
7462:Methylestradiol
7428:Estrone sulfate
7230:
7211:
7202:
7172:
7167:
7141:
7126:Clinical trials
7101:
7077:
6956:
6935:
6876:
6834:
6833:Steroidogenesis
6827:
6685:
6662:
6656:
6647:
6597:
6513:Norethandrolone
6398:Fluoxymesterone
6157:
6142:
6135:
6127:
6118:
6088:
6083:
6047:
5969:
5918:
5913:
5864:Wayback Machine
5847:
5842:
5841:
5831:
5829:
5827:
5811:
5807:
5762:
5758:
5719:
5715:
5684:
5680:
5635:
5631:
5592:(9): e2331919.
5578:
5574:
5543:
5539:
5502:
5498:
5459:
5455:
5404:
5400:
5349:
5345:
5306:
5299:
5254:
5250:
5243:
5229:
5220:
5210:
5208:
5193:
5192:
5188:
5143:
5139:
5090:
5081:
5068:
5067:
5063:
5054:
5053:
5049:
5042:
5026:
5022:
5015:
5001:
5000:
4996:
4952:
4946:
4942:
4929:
4928:
4924:
4915:
4913:
4905:
4904:
4900:
4861:Sexual Medicine
4853:
4849:
4839:
4837:
4835:medlineplus.gov
4829:
4828:
4824:
4814:
4812:
4804:
4803:
4799:
4789:
4787:
4775:
4771:
4761:
4759:
4751:
4750:
4746:
4715:
4711:
4664:
4660:
4650:
4648:
4644:
4640:
4639:
4635:
4604:
4600:
4569:
4565:
4534:
4530:
4507:
4485:
4481:
4442:
4438:
4399:
4395:
4356:
4352:
4312:
4308:
4292:
4291:
4273:
4269:
4222:
4218:
4181:
4177:
4140:
4136:
4091:
4087:
4078:
4077:
4073:
4064:
4062:
4054:
4053:
4049:
4002:
3995:
3986:
3984:
3976:
3975:
3971:
3966:
3945:Medicine portal
3943:
3938:
3936:
3929:
3922:
3919:
3902:
3897:
3881:
3876:
3855:Cis male range
3821:
3773:
3767:
3748:
3742:
3714:oophorectomized
3690:
3668:
3653:
3573:
3568:
3517:
3491:
3449:
3422:vaginal atrophy
3341:
3310:
3270:
3247:
3242:
3153:
3141:
3118:
3108:, and possibly
3098:scalp hair loss
3083:
3078:
3048:(SERMs) (e.g.,
3031:
3012:pituitary gland
2976:
2946:(who are often
2922:
2859:effects (e.g.,
2829:scalp hair loss
2771:
2766:
2757:
2750:
2737:HDL cholesterol
2729:
2720:
2696:The cost varies
2661:
2593:
2554:
2544:
2542:
2541:
2535:scalp hair loss
2532:
2525:
2516:
2509:
2504:
2481:
2472:
2468:
2341:GnRH antagonist
2283:
2261:
2259:
2256:
2215:
2213:
2191:
2189:
2164:
2030:
2000:scalp hair loss
1960:masculinization
1940:
1825:cytochrome P450
1817:
1790:
1741:susceptible to
1731:Cardiac failure
1687:
1678:
1672:
1669:
1648:
1640:Main articles:
1638:
1629:
1623:
1620:
1599:
1593:
1561:
1549:gender identity
1502:voice deepening
1479:transgender men
1473:(another being
1443:hormone therapy
1420:
1382:
1372:
1370:
1358:
1350:
1349:
1295:
1287:
1286:
1208:
1202:
1195:
1035:
980:
974:
964:
963:
954:Transmedicalism
922:Gender variance
912:Gender identity
904:
892:
850:
846:
838:
837:
777:
772:
743:Beauty pageants
734:
728:
720:
719:
676:Transgender men
651:
648:
645:Gender-critical
644:
643:
634:
584:
570:Rights movement
566:
547:
536:
535:
526:
514:
497:
494:
487:
480:
471:
464:
457:
454:
447:
430:Hormone therapy
428:
425:
418:
409:
402:
395:
391:
380:
379:
231:Gender fluidity
187:
177:
152:
149:
146:
143:
140:
115:
104:
98:
95:
52:
50:
40:
28:
17:
12:
11:
5:
9398:
9388:
9387:
9370:
9369:
9367:
9366:
9361:
9356:
9351:
9343:
9338:
9337:
9336:
9335:
9332:
9321:
9315:
9309:
9308:
9305:
9304:
9301:
9300:
9298:
9297:
9292:
9287:
9278:
9277:
9243:
9240:paroxypropione
9213:
9206:chlorpromazine
9194:metoclopramide
9176:
9172:
9139:
9137:
9131:
9130:
9128:
9127:
9109:
9099:
9072:
9043:
9041:
9032:
9026:
9025:
9022:
9021:
9019:
9018:
9016:Urofollitropin
9013:
9008:
9003:
8998:
8992:
8990:
8981:
8975:
8974:
8971:
8970:
8968:
8967:
8957:
8952:
8943:
8942:
8937:
8932:
8927:
8918:
8916:
8910:
8909:
8907:
8906:
8901:
8896:
8891:
8886:
8881:
8876:
8871:
8866:
8861:
8856:
8851:
8842:
8840:
8831:
8816:
8815:
8799:
8798:
8791:
8784:
8776:
8767:
8766:
8764:
8763:
8758:
8753:
8748:
8743:
8738:
8737:
8736:
8735:
8732:
8721:
8715:
8709:
8708:
8705:
8704:
8701:
8700:
8698:
8697:
8692:
8686:
8684:
8670:
8669:
8667:
8666:
8661:
8655:
8653:
8639:
8633:
8632:
8629:
8628:
8626:
8625:
8591:
8590:
8581:
8580:
8575:
8570:
8568:Norelgestromin
8565:
8563:Levonorgestrel
8560:
8555:
8550:
8545:
8533:
8528:
8523:
8521:Norvinisterone
8518:
8513:
8511:Norgestrienone
8508:
8503:
8498:
8493:
8488:
8483:
8478:
8473:
8468:
8463:
8451:
8450:
8445:
8443:Dimethisterone
8440:
8428:
8427:
8422:
8417:
8405:
8400:
8395:
8383:
8382:
8363:
8358:
8353:
8348:
8343:
8338:
8333:
8328:
8323:
8318:
8313:
8308:
8303:
8298:
8293:
8288:
8283:
8278:
8266:
8265:
8260:
8258:Dydrogesterone
8251:
8250:
8245:
8236:
8234:
8217:
8205:
8204:
8193:
8192:
8185:
8178:
8170:
8161:
8160:
8158:
8157:
8152:
8147:
8142:
8137:
8132:
8131:
8130:
8129:
8126:
8115:
8109:
8103:
8102:
8099:
8098:
8095:
8094:
8092:
8091:
8086:
8077:
8076:
8071:
8062:
8060:
8056:
8055:
8053:
8052:
8022:
8005:
7988:
7981:chlorpromazine
7969:metoclopramide
7951:
7947:
7916:
7914:
7908:
7907:
7905:
7904:
7899:
7894:
7885:
7884:
7879:
7870:
7869:
7864:
7855:
7853:
7847:
7846:
7844:
7843:
7834:
7833:
7828:
7819:
7818:
7813:
7808:
7803:
7798:
7793:
7788:
7783:
7778:
7773:
7768:
7763:
7758:
7753:
7748:
7742:
7740:
7705:
7699:
7698:
7695:
7694:
7692:
7691:
7667:
7647:
7636:
7634:
7628:
7627:
7625:
7624:
7619:
7614:
7609:
7604:
7602:Paroxypropione
7599:
7598:
7597:
7587:
7582:
7581:
7580:
7570:
7565:
7564:
7563:
7558:
7553:
7543:
7538:
7537:
7536:
7526:
7521:
7516:
7507:
7506:
7501:
7496:
7491:
7490:
7489:
7484:
7474:
7469:
7464:
7459:
7454:
7449:
7448:
7447:
7437:
7436:
7435:
7430:
7423:Estrone esters
7420:
7415:
7410:
7399:Estriol esters
7396:
7391:
7386:
7344:
7339:
7334:
7329:
7324:
7319:
7314:
7309:
7304:
7299:
7284:norethisterone
7276:
7245:
7236:
7234:
7219:
7213:
7212:
7201:
7200:
7193:
7186:
7178:
7169:
7168:
7166:
7165:
7160:
7155:
7150:
7145:
7140:
7139:
7138:
7137:
7134:
7123:
7117:
7111:
7110:
7107:
7106:
7103:
7102:
7100:
7099:
7094:
7085:
7083:
7079:
7078:
7076:
7075:
7045:
7035:
7025:
7022:paroxypropione
6991:
6984:chlorpromazine
6972:metoclopramide
6954:
6949:
6947:
6941:
6940:
6937:
6936:
6934:
6933:
6931:Spironolactone
6928:
6923:
6918:
6913:
6908:
6903:
6898:
6893:
6884:
6882:
6878:
6877:
6875:
6874:
6869:
6864:
6859:
6854:
6848:
6846:
6837:
6829:
6828:
6826:
6825:
6820:
6815:
6810:
6805:
6800:
6795:
6790:
6785:
6780:
6771:
6770:
6768:Spironolactone
6765:
6760:
6755:
6750:
6745:
6740:
6735:
6730:
6725:
6720:
6715:
6710:
6705:
6693:
6691:
6674:
6668:
6667:
6664:
6663:
6661:
6660:
6636:
6622:
6607:
6605:
6599:
6598:
6596:
6595:
6586:
6585:
6580:
6577:norgestrienone
6561:levonorgestrel
6550:
6545:
6536:
6535:
6526:
6525:
6520:
6515:
6510:
6505:
6496:
6495:
6490:
6485:
6480:
6475:
6470:
6465:
6463:Androisoxazole
6456:
6455:
6450:
6445:
6440:
6435:
6430:
6425:
6420:
6415:
6410:
6405:
6400:
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6025:
6020:
6015:
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6000:
5995:
5990:
5985:
5983:Androgen ester
5979:
5977:
5971:
5970:
5968:
5967:
5962:
5957:
5952:
5947:
5942:
5937:
5932:
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5924:
5920:
5919:
5912:
5911:
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5897:
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5882:
5873:
5867:
5854:
5846:
5845:External links
5843:
5840:
5839:
5825:
5805:
5756:
5729:(3): 347â354.
5713:
5694:(1): 265â271.
5678:
5649:(2): 754â762.
5629:
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5496:
5469:(2): 134â143.
5453:
5418:(3): 849â855.
5398:
5343:
5297:
5268:(1): 176â179.
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4994:
4940:
4922:
4898:
4867:(2): 237â242.
4847:
4822:
4797:
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4744:
4709:
4658:
4647:. 24 July 2018
4633:
4598:
4563:
4544:(4): 301â311.
4528:
4505:
4479:
4452:(2): 357â375.
4436:
4409:(5): 597â606.
4393:
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4195:(4): e005597.
4175:
4134:
4085:
4071:
4047:
4016:(6): 877â884.
3993:
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3915:
3905:
3904:
3899:
3894:
3891:
3888:
3884:
3883:
3878:
3873:
3872:< 40 pg/mL
3870:
3867:
3863:
3862:
3859:
3856:
3853:
3850:
3820:
3819:Hormone levels
3817:
3816:
3815:
3812:
3793:
3789:
3786:
3783:
3780:
3777:
3769:Main article:
3766:
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3744:Main article:
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3443:
3432:
3429:
3418:
3415:
3398:Adults with a
3391:
3390:
3383:
3375:
3367:
3356:
3349:
3340:
3337:
3336:
3335:
3331:
3327:
3324:
3321:
3317:
3309:
3308:Facial changes
3306:
3305:
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3289:
3282:
3269:
3266:
3265:
3264:
3261:
3257:
3254:
3251:
3246:
3243:
3241:
3238:
3237:
3236:
3233:Breast atrophy
3230:
3223:
3217:
3210:
3207:
3203:
3202:
3198:
3197:
3194:
3183:
3180:
3177:
3174:
3171:
3168:
3165:
3161:
3160:
3152:
3149:
3145:growth hormone
3140:
3139:Growth hormone
3137:
3117:
3114:
3082:
3079:
3077:
3074:
3030:
3027:
3003:GnRH analogues
2975:
2972:
2921:
2918:
2821:hair follicles
2770:
2767:
2765:
2762:
2749:
2746:
2728:
2725:
2719:
2716:
2667:, creams, and
2660:
2657:
2592:
2589:
2566:lean body mass
2553:
2550:
2547:
2546:
2540:
2539:
2523:
2507:
2479:
2465:
2464:
2461:
2460:
2457:
2454:
2449:
2446:
2440:
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2338:
2335:
2329:
2328:
2325:
2322:
2320:GnRH modulator
2317:
2314:
2312:GnRH analogues
2308:
2307:
2304:
2301:
2296:
2295:Deca-Durabolin
2293:
2287:
2286:
2280:
2277:
2274:
2271:
2265:
2264:
2253:
2250:
2247:
2244:
2238:
2237:
2234:
2231:
2228:
2227:Agovirin Depot
2225:
2219:
2218:
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2207:
2204:
2201:
2195:
2194:
2186:
2180:
2177:
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2028:
2021:
2014:
2006:
1939:
1936:
1932:
1931:
1928:
1917:
1906:
1905:
1894:Clarithromycin
1858:
1816:
1813:
1789:
1786:
1785:
1784:
1778:
1771:
1768:
1765:
1763:uterine cancer
1759:
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1624:September 2024
1611:
1609:
1595:Main article:
1592:
1589:
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1534:GnRH analogues
1435:female-to-male
1422:
1421:
1419:
1418:
1411:
1404:
1396:
1393:
1392:
1381:
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1348:
1347:
1342:
1337:
1332:
1327:
1322:
1317:
1312:
1310:Gender studies
1307:
1302:
1296:
1293:
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1289:
1288:
1285:
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1277:
1275:Cafeteria riot
1272:
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1257:
1255:United Kingdom
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1157:United Kingdom
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949:
939:
934:
929:
924:
919:
914:
909:
902:
897:
890:
885:
880:
878:Cross-dressing
875:
873:Cisnormativity
870:
865:
860:
855:
847:
844:
843:
840:
839:
836:
835:
830:
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765:
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738:Awareness Week
730:
729:
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721:
718:
717:
712:
711:
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695:
690:
685:
684:
683:
678:
673:
668:
661:Discrimination
658:
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633:
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631:
630:
625:
623:Bathroom bills
617:
612:
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512:
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493:
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485:
478:
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473:male-to-female
469:
466:female-to-male
453:
452:
445:
444:
443:
438:
424:
423:
420:Sex assignment
416:
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137:
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31:
29:
22:
15:
9:
6:
4:
3:
2:
9397:
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9241:
9237:
9233:
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9211:
9207:
9203:
9199:
9195:
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9180:
9173:
9170:
9166:
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9158:
9154:
9151:
9149:
9141:
9140:
9138:
9136:
9132:
9122:
9116:
9110:
9107:
9103:
9100:
9097:
9093:
9089:
9082:
9076:
9075:Antiestrogens
9073:
9070:
9066:
9062:
9058:
9057:Antiandrogens
9055:
9053:
9045:
9044:
9042:
9040:
9036:
9033:
9027:
9017:
9014:
9012:
9009:
9007:
9004:
9002:
8999:
8997:
8994:
8993:
8991:
8989:
8985:
8982:
8980:
8979:Gonadotropins
8976:
8965:
8961:
8958:
8956:
8953:
8951:
8948:
8945:
8944:
8941:
8938:
8936:
8933:
8931:
8928:
8926:
8923:
8920:
8919:
8917:
8915:
8911:
8905:
8902:
8900:
8897:
8895:
8892:
8890:
8887:
8885:
8882:
8880:
8877:
8875:
8872:
8870:
8867:
8865:
8862:
8860:
8857:
8855:
8852:
8850:
8847:
8844:
8843:
8841:
8839:
8835:
8832:
8829:
8824:
8817:
8813:
8812:gonadotropins
8806:
8797:
8792:
8790:
8785:
8783:
8778:
8777:
8774:
8762:
8759:
8757:
8754:
8752:
8749:
8747:
8744:
8741:
8740:
8733:
8731:
8728:
8727:
8725:
8722:
8719:
8716:
8714:
8711:
8710:
8706:
8696:
8693:
8691:
8688:
8687:
8685:
8683:
8677:
8671:
8665:
8662:
8660:
8657:
8656:
8654:
8649:
8643:
8640:
8638:
8634:
8623:
8619:
8618:ethylestrenol
8615:
8611:
8607:
8603:
8599:
8596:
8593:
8592:
8589:
8586:
8583:
8582:
8579:
8576:
8574:
8571:
8569:
8566:
8564:
8561:
8559:
8556:
8554:
8551:
8549:
8546:
8544:
8541:
8537:
8534:
8532:
8529:
8527:
8524:
8522:
8519:
8517:
8514:
8512:
8509:
8507:
8504:
8502:
8499:
8497:
8494:
8492:
8489:
8487:
8484:
8482:
8479:
8477:
8474:
8472:
8469:
8467:
8464:
8462:
8461:Allylestrenol
8459:
8456:
8453:
8452:
8449:
8446:
8444:
8441:
8439:
8436:
8433:
8430:
8429:
8426:
8423:
8421:
8418:
8416:
8413:
8409:
8406:
8404:
8401:
8399:
8396:
8394:
8391:
8388:
8385:
8384:
8381:
8378:
8374:
8371:
8367:
8364:
8362:
8359:
8357:
8354:
8352:
8349:
8347:
8344:
8342:
8339:
8337:
8334:
8332:
8329:
8327:
8324:
8322:
8319:
8317:
8314:
8312:
8309:
8307:
8304:
8302:
8299:
8297:
8294:
8292:
8289:
8287:
8284:
8282:
8279:
8277:
8274:
8271:
8268:
8267:
8264:
8261:
8259:
8256:
8253:
8252:
8249:
8246:
8244:
8241:
8238:
8237:
8235:
8233:
8227:
8221:
8218:
8215:
8210:
8206:
8202:
8198:
8191:
8186:
8184:
8179:
8177:
8172:
8171:
8168:
8156:
8153:
8151:
8148:
8146:
8143:
8141:
8138:
8135:
8134:
8127:
8125:
8122:
8121:
8119:
8116:
8113:
8110:
8108:
8105:
8104:
8100:
8090:
8087:
8085:
8082:
8079:
8078:
8075:
8072:
8070:
8067:
8064:
8063:
8061:
8057:
8050:
8046:
8042:
8038:
8034:
8030:
8026:
8023:
8020:
8016:
8012:
8006:
8003:
7999:
7995:
7989:
7986:
7982:
7978:
7974:
7970:
7966:
7962:
7958:
7955:
7948:
7945:
7941:
7937:
7933:
7929:
7925:
7921:
7918:
7917:
7915:
7913:
7909:
7903:
7900:
7898:
7895:
7893:
7890:
7887:
7886:
7883:
7880:
7878:
7875:
7872:
7871:
7868:
7865:
7863:
7860:
7857:
7856:
7854:
7852:
7848:
7842:
7839:
7836:
7835:
7832:
7829:
7827:
7824:
7821:
7820:
7817:
7814:
7812:
7809:
7807:
7804:
7802:
7799:
7797:
7794:
7792:
7789:
7787:
7784:
7782:
7779:
7777:
7774:
7772:
7769:
7767:
7764:
7762:
7759:
7757:
7754:
7752:
7749:
7747:
7744:
7743:
7741:
7735:
7726:
7715:
7709:
7706:
7704:
7703:Antiestrogens
7700:
7686:
7677:
7671:
7670:Gonadotropins
7668:
7665:
7661:
7660:(gonadorelin)
7654:
7648:
7645:
7641:
7640:Antiandrogens
7638:
7637:
7635:
7633:
7629:
7623:
7620:
7618:
7615:
7613:
7610:
7608:
7605:
7603:
7600:
7596:
7593:
7592:
7591:
7588:
7586:
7583:
7579:
7576:
7575:
7574:
7571:
7569:
7566:
7562:
7559:
7557:
7554:
7552:
7549:
7548:
7547:
7544:
7542:
7539:
7535:
7532:
7531:
7530:
7527:
7525:
7522:
7520:
7517:
7515:
7512:
7511:Nonsteroidal:
7509:
7508:
7505:
7502:
7500:
7497:
7495:
7492:
7488:
7485:
7483:
7480:
7479:
7478:
7475:
7473:
7470:
7468:
7465:
7463:
7460:
7458:
7455:
7453:
7450:
7446:
7443:
7442:
7441:
7438:
7434:
7431:
7429:
7426:
7425:
7424:
7421:
7419:
7416:
7414:
7411:
7408:
7404:
7400:
7397:
7395:
7392:
7390:
7387:
7384:
7380:
7376:
7372:
7368:
7364:
7360:
7356:
7352:
7348:
7345:
7343:
7340:
7338:
7335:
7333:
7330:
7328:
7325:
7323:
7320:
7318:
7315:
7313:
7310:
7308:
7305:
7303:
7300:
7297:
7293:
7289:
7285:
7281:
7277:
7274:
7270:
7266:
7262:
7258:
7254:
7250:
7246:
7244:
7241:
7238:
7237:
7235:
7229:
7223:
7220:
7218:
7214:
7210:
7209:antiestrogens
7206:
7199:
7194:
7192:
7187:
7185:
7180:
7179:
7176:
7164:
7161:
7159:
7156:
7154:
7151:
7149:
7146:
7143:
7142:
7135:
7133:
7130:
7129:
7127:
7124:
7121:
7118:
7116:
7113:
7112:
7108:
7098:
7095:
7093:
7090:
7087:
7086:
7084:
7080:
7073:
7069:
7065:
7061:
7057:
7053:
7049:
7046:
7043:
7039:
7036:
7033:
7029:
7028:GnRH agonists
7026:
7023:
7019:
7015:
7011:
7007:
7003:
6999:
6995:
6992:
6989:
6985:
6981:
6977:
6973:
6969:
6965:
6961:
6958:
6951:
6950:
6948:
6946:
6942:
6932:
6929:
6927:
6924:
6922:
6919:
6917:
6914:
6912:
6909:
6907:
6904:
6902:
6899:
6897:
6894:
6892:
6889:
6886:
6885:
6883:
6879:
6873:
6870:
6868:
6865:
6863:
6860:
6858:
6855:
6853:
6850:
6849:
6847:
6845:
6841:
6838:
6836:
6830:
6824:
6821:
6819:
6816:
6814:
6811:
6809:
6806:
6804:
6801:
6799:
6796:
6794:
6791:
6789:
6786:
6784:
6781:
6779:
6776:
6775:Nonsteroidal:
6773:
6772:
6769:
6766:
6764:
6761:
6759:
6756:
6754:
6751:
6749:
6746:
6744:
6741:
6739:
6736:
6734:
6731:
6729:
6726:
6724:
6721:
6719:
6716:
6714:
6711:
6709:
6706:
6704:
6701:
6698:
6695:
6694:
6692:
6690:
6684:
6678:
6675:
6673:
6672:Antiandrogens
6669:
6655:
6646:
6640:
6639:Gonadotropins
6637:
6634:
6630:
6626:
6625:GnRH agonists
6623:
6620:
6616:
6612:
6611:Antiestrogens
6609:
6608:
6606:
6604:
6600:
6594:
6591:
6588:
6587:
6584:
6581:
6578:
6574:
6570:
6566:
6562:
6558:
6554:
6551:
6549:
6546:
6544:
6541:
6538:
6537:
6534:
6531:
6528:
6527:
6524:
6521:
6519:
6516:
6514:
6511:
6509:
6506:
6504:
6503:Ethylestrenol
6501:
6498:
6497:
6494:
6491:
6489:
6486:
6484:
6481:
6479:
6476:
6474:
6471:
6469:
6466:
6464:
6461:
6458:
6457:
6454:
6451:
6449:
6446:
6444:
6441:
6439:
6436:
6434:
6431:
6429:
6426:
6424:
6421:
6419:
6416:
6414:
6411:
6409:
6406:
6404:
6401:
6399:
6396:
6394:
6391:
6389:
6386:
6384:
6381:
6378:
6377:
6374:
6371:
6369:
6366:
6364:
6361:
6359:
6356:
6354:
6351:
6348:
6344:
6340:
6337:
6335:
6332:
6329:
6328:
6325:
6322:
6320:
6317:
6315:
6312:
6310:
6307:
6305:
6302:
6300:
6297:
6295:
6292:
6290:
6287:
6285:
6282:
6280:
6277:
6274:
6273:
6269:
6265:
6261:
6257:
6253:
6249:
6245:
6241:
6237:
6233:
6230:
6228:
6225:
6223:
6220:
6218:
6215:
6213:
6210:
6208:
6205:
6203:
6200:
6198:
6195:
6193:
6190:
6188:
6185:
6183:
6180:
6178:
6175:
6173:
6170:
6167:
6166:
6164:
6162:
6156:
6150:
6147:
6141:
6134:
6130:
6126:
6125:antiandrogens
6122:
6115:
6110:
6108:
6103:
6101:
6096:
6095:
6092:
6080:
6077:
6075:
6072:
6070:
6067:
6065:
6062:
6060:
6057:
6056:
6054:
6050:
6044:
6041:
6039:
6036:
6034:
6031:
6029:
6026:
6024:
6021:
6019:
6016:
6014:
6011:
6009:
6006:
6004:
6001:
5999:
5996:
5994:
5991:
5989:
5986:
5984:
5981:
5980:
5978:
5976:
5972:
5966:
5963:
5961:
5958:
5956:
5953:
5951:
5948:
5946:
5943:
5941:
5938:
5936:
5933:
5931:
5928:
5927:
5925:
5921:
5917:
5910:
5905:
5903:
5898:
5896:
5891:
5890:
5887:
5881:
5877:
5874:
5871:
5868:
5865:
5861:
5858:
5855:
5852:
5849:
5848:
5828:
5822:
5818:
5817:
5809:
5801:
5797:
5792:
5787:
5783:
5779:
5775:
5771:
5767:
5760:
5752:
5748:
5744:
5740:
5736:
5732:
5728:
5724:
5717:
5709:
5705:
5701:
5697:
5693:
5689:
5682:
5674:
5670:
5665:
5660:
5656:
5652:
5648:
5644:
5643:Endocrinology
5640:
5633:
5625:
5621:
5616:
5611:
5607:
5603:
5599:
5595:
5591:
5587:
5583:
5576:
5568:
5564:
5560:
5556:
5553:(1): 94â101.
5552:
5548:
5541:
5533:
5529:
5524:
5519:
5515:
5511:
5507:
5500:
5492:
5488:
5484:
5480:
5476:
5472:
5468:
5464:
5457:
5449:
5445:
5441:
5437:
5433:
5429:
5425:
5421:
5417:
5413:
5409:
5402:
5394:
5390:
5386:
5382:
5378:
5374:
5370:
5366:
5362:
5358:
5354:
5347:
5339:
5335:
5331:
5327:
5323:
5319:
5315:
5311:
5304:
5302:
5293:
5289:
5284:
5279:
5275:
5271:
5267:
5263:
5259:
5252:
5244:
5238:
5234:
5227:
5225:
5223:
5206:
5202:
5201:
5196:
5190:
5182:
5178:
5174:
5170:
5165:
5160:
5156:
5152:
5148:
5141:
5134:
5129:
5125:
5120:
5115:
5111:
5107:
5103:
5099:
5095:
5088:
5086:
5084:
5075:
5071:
5065:
5057:
5051:
5043:
5037:
5033:
5032:
5024:
5016:
5010:
5006:
5005:
4998:
4990:
4986:
4981:
4976:
4971:
4966:
4962:
4958:
4951:
4944:
4936:
4932:
4926:
4912:
4908:
4902:
4894:
4890:
4885:
4880:
4875:
4870:
4866:
4862:
4858:
4851:
4836:
4832:
4826:
4811:
4807:
4801:
4786:
4785:
4780:
4773:
4758:
4754:
4748:
4740:
4736:
4732:
4728:
4724:
4720:
4713:
4705:
4701:
4696:
4691:
4686:
4681:
4677:
4673:
4669:
4662:
4643:
4637:
4629:
4625:
4621:
4617:
4613:
4609:
4602:
4594:
4590:
4586:
4582:
4579:(2): 219â23.
4578:
4574:
4567:
4559:
4555:
4551:
4547:
4543:
4539:
4532:
4524:
4520:
4516:
4512:
4508:
4502:
4498:
4494:
4490:
4483:
4475:
4471:
4467:
4463:
4459:
4455:
4451:
4447:
4440:
4432:
4428:
4424:
4420:
4416:
4412:
4408:
4404:
4397:
4389:
4385:
4381:
4377:
4373:
4369:
4366:(3): 269â82.
4365:
4361:
4354:
4346:
4342:
4338:
4334:
4330:
4326:
4322:
4318:
4310:
4302:
4296:
4287:
4282:
4278:
4271:
4263:
4259:
4254:
4249:
4244:
4239:
4235:
4231:
4227:
4220:
4212:
4208:
4203:
4198:
4194:
4190:
4186:
4179:
4171:
4167:
4162:
4157:
4153:
4149:
4145:
4138:
4130:
4126:
4122:
4118:
4113:
4108:
4104:
4100:
4096:
4089:
4081:
4075:
4061:
4057:
4051:
4043:
4039:
4034:
4029:
4024:
4019:
4015:
4011:
4007:
4000:
3998:
3983:
3979:
3973:
3969:
3959:
3956:
3954:
3951:
3950:
3946:
3935:
3932:
3926:
3921:
3914:
3912:
3900:
3895:
3892:
3889:
3886:
3879:
3874:
3871:
3869:40â450 pg/mL
3868:
3865:
3860:
3857:
3854:
3851:
3848:
3844:
3841:
3837:
3833:
3828:
3826:
3813:
3810:
3806:
3802:
3798:
3794:
3790:
3787:
3784:
3781:
3778:
3775:
3774:
3772:
3759:
3756:
3753:
3750:
3749:
3747:
3734:
3730:
3727:
3723:
3719:
3715:
3711:
3708:
3705:
3702:
3699:
3696:
3692:
3691:
3681:
3677:
3674:
3670:
3669:
3660:
3655:
3654:
3644:
3641:
3637:
3633:
3630:
3626:
3623:
3619:
3615:
3612:
3608:
3605:
3604:triglycerides
3601:
3597:
3593:
3589:
3585:
3583:
3578:
3575:
3574:
3563:
3561:
3557:
3553:
3549:
3545:
3540:
3536:
3534:
3530:
3525:
3522:
3521:psychological
3509:
3506:
3503:
3500:
3497:
3493:
3492:
3480:
3476:
3472:
3471:
3469:
3466:
3462:
3458:
3454:
3451:
3450:
3441:
3437:
3436:contraception
3433:
3430:
3427:
3423:
3419:
3416:
3413:
3409:
3405:
3401:
3397:
3396:
3395:
3388:
3384:
3380:
3376:
3373:
3368:
3365:
3361:
3357:
3353:
3352:Clitoromegaly
3350:
3346:
3343:
3342:
3332:
3328:
3325:
3322:
3318:
3315:
3314:
3313:
3302:
3298:
3294:
3290:
3288:will develop.
3287:
3283:
3280:
3276:
3272:
3271:
3262:
3258:
3255:
3252:
3249:
3248:
3234:
3231:
3228:
3227:growth plates
3224:
3222:
3218:
3215:
3212:Male-pattern
3211:
3208:
3205:
3204:
3200:
3199:
3195:
3192:
3191:triglycerides
3188:
3184:
3181:
3178:
3175:
3172:
3169:
3166:
3163:
3162:
3158:
3157:
3156:
3148:
3146:
3136:
3134:
3130:
3127:
3123:
3113:
3111:
3107:
3103:
3099:
3095:
3091:
3087:
3073:
3071:
3067:
3063:
3059:
3055:
3051:
3047:
3043:
3040:(AIs) (e.g.,
3039:
3035:
3034:Antiestrogens
3029:Antiestrogens
3026:
3024:
3020:
3015:
3013:
3008:
3004:
2999:
2997:
2993:
2989:
2985:
2981:
2971:
2969:
2965:
2961:
2957:
2953:
2949:
2945:
2941:
2937:
2932:
2930:
2926:
2917:
2914:
2910:
2906:
2902:
2898:
2892:
2890:
2886:
2882:
2881:orally active
2878:
2874:
2870:
2866:
2865:17α-alkylated
2862:
2858:
2854:
2850:
2846:
2842:
2838:
2834:
2830:
2826:
2822:
2818:
2814:
2810:
2806:
2802:
2798:
2794:
2790:
2786:
2782:
2778:
2775:
2761:
2755:
2752:In 2003, the
2745:
2744:absorption).
2742:
2738:
2734:
2724:
2715:
2713:
2708:
2704:
2699:
2697:
2693:
2689:
2684:
2682:
2678:
2672:
2670:
2666:
2663:Testosterone
2653:
2649:
2645:
2643:
2639:
2638:trough levels
2634:
2630:
2626:
2623:
2619:
2615:
2610:
2606:
2602:
2598:
2588:
2585:
2583:
2579:
2575:
2571:
2567:
2561:
2559:
2545:
2536:
2530:
2528:
2520:
2514:
2512:
2502:
2500:
2498:
2496:
2494:
2492:
2490:
2488:
2486:
2484:
2476:
2470:
2466:
2462:
2458:
2455:
2453:
2452:5αR inhibitor
2450:
2447:
2445:
2441:
2437:
2434:
2432:
2426:
2423:
2421:
2417:
2413:
2410:
2407:
2404:
2402:
2398:
2394:
2391:
2388:
2385:
2384:
2380:
2377:
2374:
2371:
2370:
2366:
2363:
2360:
2357:
2355:
2351:
2347:
2344:
2342:
2339:
2336:
2334:
2330:
2326:
2323:
2321:
2318:
2315:
2313:
2309:
2305:
2302:
2300:
2297:
2294:
2292:
2288:
2281:
2278:
2275:
2272:
2270:
2266:
2254:
2251:
2248:
2245:
2243:
2239:
2235:
2232:
2229:
2226:
2224:
2220:
2211:
2208:
2205:
2202:
2200:
2196:
2187:
2181:
2178:
2175:
2173:
2169:
2162:
2157:
2154:
2151:
2150:
2147:30â120mg/day
2146:
2143:
2140:
2137:
2136:
2133:2.5â10mg/day
2132:
2129:
2126:
2123:
2122:
2119:25â100mg/day
2118:
2112:
2109:
2106:
2105:
2101:
2098:
2095:
2092:
2091:
2087:
2084:
2081:
2078:
2076:
2072:
2068:
2065:
2063:
2060:
2057:
2055:
2051:
2034:
2027:
2022:
2020:
2015:
2013:
2008:
2007:
2003:
2001:
1997:
1993:
1989:
1985:
1981:
1977:
1976:GnRH agonists
1973:
1969:
1965:
1961:
1957:
1953:
1949:
1945:
1935:
1929:
1926:
1922:
1918:
1915:
1911:
1910:
1909:
1903:
1899:
1895:
1891:
1887:
1883:
1879:
1875:
1871:
1867:
1863:
1859:
1856:
1852:
1848:
1847:Phenobarbital
1844:
1843:
1842:
1840:
1836:
1833:
1829:
1826:
1822:
1811:
1806:
1804:
1799:
1796:
1782:
1779:
1776:
1772:
1769:
1766:
1764:
1760:
1757:
1754:
1751:
1747:
1744:
1740:
1736:
1735:renal failure
1732:
1729:
1726:
1723:
1721:
1718:
1716:
1713:
1711:
1707:
1706:
1705:
1702:
1700:
1696:
1692:
1676:
1667:
1663:
1659:
1656:
1652:
1651:
1647:
1643:
1627:
1618:
1614:
1610:
1607:
1603:
1602:
1598:
1588:
1582:
1579:
1576:
1573:
1570:
1566:
1563:
1562:
1556:
1554:
1550:
1546:
1542:
1537:
1535:
1531:
1527:
1523:
1519:
1515:
1511:
1507:
1503:
1499:
1494:
1492:
1488:
1484:
1480:
1476:
1472:
1468:
1464:
1460:
1456:
1452:
1448:
1444:
1440:
1436:
1432:
1428:
1417:
1412:
1410:
1405:
1403:
1398:
1397:
1395:
1394:
1391:
1379:
1369:
1367:
1362:
1357:
1356:
1354:
1353:
1346:
1343:
1341:
1338:
1336:
1333:
1331:
1328:
1326:
1323:
1321:
1318:
1316:
1313:
1311:
1308:
1306:
1303:
1301:
1298:
1297:
1291:
1290:
1281:
1278:
1276:
1273:
1271:
1268:
1266:
1263:
1262:
1261:
1260:United States
1258:
1256:
1253:
1251:
1248:
1246:
1243:
1241:
1238:
1236:
1233:
1231:
1228:
1224:
1221:
1220:
1219:
1216:
1212:
1207:
1204:
1203:
1201:
1200:
1190:
1187:
1185:
1182:
1180:
1177:
1176:
1175:
1174:United States
1172:
1168:
1165:
1163:
1160:
1159:
1158:
1155:
1151:
1148:
1147:
1145:
1143:
1140:
1136:
1133:
1132:
1131:South Africa
1130:
1128:
1125:
1121:
1118:
1117:
1115:
1113:
1110:
1106:
1103:
1101:
1098:
1097:
1095:
1093:
1090:
1088:
1085:
1081:
1078:
1076:
1073:
1071:
1068:
1067:
1065:
1061:
1058:
1056:
1053:
1051:
1048:
1047:
1046:
1043:
1039:
1034:
1031:
1029:
1026:
1024:
1021:
1017:
1014:
1013:
1012:
1009:
1007:
1004:
1002:
999:
995:
992:
990:
987:
986:
985:
982:
981:
979:
973:
968:
967:
960:
959:Transmisogyny
957:
955:
952:
948:
945:
944:
943:
942:Transfeminism
940:
938:
935:
933:
930:
928:
927:Postgenderism
925:
923:
920:
918:
915:
913:
910:
907:
903:
901:
898:
895:
891:
889:
888:Gender binary
886:
884:
881:
879:
876:
874:
871:
869:
866:
864:
861:
859:
856:
853:
849:
848:
842:
841:
834:
831:
829:
826:
824:
821:
819:
816:
812:
809:
808:
807:
804:
802:
799:
797:
794:
792:
789:
787:
784:
782:
779:
778:
776:
769:
766:
764:
761:
759:
756:
754:
751:
749:
746:
744:
741:
739:
736:
735:
733:
724:
723:
716:
713:
709:
706:
704:
701:
700:
699:
696:
694:
691:
689:
686:
682:
681:Transmisogyny
679:
677:
674:
672:
669:
667:
664:
663:
662:
659:
655:
641:
640:
639:
636:
635:
629:
626:
624:
621:
620:
618:
616:
613:
609:
608:United States
606:
604:
601:
600:
599:
596:
594:
591:
589:
586:
585:
581:
578:
576:
575:Organizations
573:
571:
568:
567:
563:
560:
558:
555:
553:
550:
549:
546:
540:
539:
529:
525:
524:
523:
520:
517:
516:Voice therapy
513:
511:
508:
506:
503:
500:
496:
495:
490:
486:
483:
479:
474:
470:
467:
463:
462:
460:
456:
455:
450:
446:
442:
441:masculinizing
439:
437:
434:
433:
431:
427:
426:
421:
417:
412:
408:
407:
405:
401:
398:
397:Gender clinic
394:
393:
389:
384:
383:
376:
373:
369:
368:
364:
362:
359:
358:
357:
354:
350:
349:
345:
343:
342:
338:
336:
333:
332:
331:
328:
326:
323:
319:
316:
314:
313:
309:
307:
304:
302:
299:
297:
294:
292:
289:
287:
284:
282:
281:
277:
275:
272:
269:
268:
263:
261:
258:
256:
253:
252:
251:
248:
246:
243:
241:
240:
236:
232:
229:
228:
227:
224:
222:
219:
217:
216:Gender bender
214:
212:
209:
207:
206:
202:
200:
199:
195:
193:
190:
189:
186:
181:
180:
174:
171:
169:
166:
164:
161:
160:
158:
157:
139:
138:
135:
132:
131:
127:
123:
122:
113:
110:
102:
99:November 2016
91:
88:
84:
81:
77:
74:
70:
67:
63:
60: â
59:
55:
54:Find sources:
48:
44:
38:
37:
32:This article
30:
26:
21:
20:
9281:
9246:Progestogens
9161:testosterone
9142:
9069:enzalutamide
9065:bicalutamide
9046:
8988:Preparations
8947:Non-peptide:
8946:
8921:
8845:
8695:Mifepristone
8690:Aglepristone
8659:Telapristone
8594:
8588:Drospirenone
8584:
8573:Norgestimate
8548:Etonogestrel
8539:
8506:Norgesterone
8501:Noretynodrel
8457:
8454:
8434:
8431:
8425:Trimegestone
8420:Promegestone
8411:
8389:
8386:
8376:
8373:Medrogestone
8369:
8366:Proligestone
8272:
8269:
8254:
8248:Quingestrone
8243:Progesterone
8239:
8209:Progestogens
8197:Progestogens
8080:
8065:
8025:Progestogens
7928:testosterone
7888:
7873:
7867:Testolactone
7858:
7837:
7822:
7796:Ormeloxifene
7791:Mepitiostane
7786:Lasofoxifene
7781:Epitiostanol
7761:Broparestrol
7756:Bazedoxifene
7644:bicalutamide
7510:
7499:Quinestradol
7494:Promestriene
7288:noretynodrel
7269:metandienone
7257:testosterone
7239:
7088:
7048:Progestogens
6916:Ketoconazole
6844:5α-Reductase
6808:Ketoconazole
6798:Enzalutamide
6793:Darolutamide
6783:Bicalutamide
6774:
6738:Medrogestone
6733:Drospirenone
6696:
6589:
6539:
6529:
6499:
6488:Oxymetholone
6459:
6443:Oxymesterone
6379:
6353:Norclostebol
6330:
6304:Mepitiostane
6299:Epitiostanol
6275:
6227:Testosterone
6168:
5964:
5916:Testosterone
5880:Lou Sullivan
5830:. Retrieved
5815:
5808:
5773:
5769:
5759:
5726:
5722:
5716:
5691:
5687:
5681:
5646:
5642:
5632:
5589:
5585:
5575:
5550:
5546:
5540:
5513:
5509:
5499:
5466:
5462:
5456:
5415:
5411:
5401:
5360:
5356:
5346:
5313:
5309:
5265:
5261:
5251:
5232:
5211:December 13,
5209:. Retrieved
5205:the original
5198:
5189:
5154:
5150:
5140:
5131:
5104:(1): 65â67.
5101:
5097:
5073:
5064:
5050:
5030:
5023:
5003:
4997:
4960:
4956:
4943:
4934:
4925:
4914:. Retrieved
4910:
4901:
4864:
4860:
4850:
4838:. Retrieved
4834:
4825:
4813:. Retrieved
4809:
4800:
4790:December 13,
4788:. Retrieved
4782:
4772:
4760:. Retrieved
4756:
4747:
4722:
4718:
4712:
4675:
4671:
4661:
4649:. Retrieved
4636:
4614:(1): 31â35.
4611:
4607:
4601:
4576:
4572:
4566:
4541:
4537:
4531:
4488:
4482:
4449:
4445:
4439:
4406:
4402:
4396:
4363:
4359:
4353:
4320:
4316:
4309:
4295:cite journal
4276:
4270:
4233:
4229:
4219:
4192:
4188:
4178:
4151:
4147:
4137:
4102:
4098:
4088:
4074:
4063:. Retrieved
4059:
4050:
4013:
4009:
3985:. Retrieved
3981:
3972:
3911:bioidentical
3908:
3835:
3832:oophorectomy
3829:
3822:
3805:heart attack
3771:Polycythemia
3765:Polycythemia
3718:osteoporosis
3688:Bone changes
3580:
3541:
3537:
3526:
3518:
3461:oophorectomy
3457:hysterectomy
3392:
3377:The risk of
3372:oophorectomy
3311:
3293:5α-reductase
3268:Hair changes
3245:Skin changes
3154:
3142:
3122:menstruation
3119:
3116:Progestogens
3084:
3070:final height
3066:hip widening
3032:
3023:Tanner stage
3016:
3000:
2980:hypothalamus
2977:
2933:
2923:
2893:
2885:liver damage
2861:gynecomastia
2813:5α-reductase
2783:(AAS), like
2772:
2751:
2730:
2721:
2707:virilization
2700:
2685:
2673:
2662:
2635:
2631:
2627:
2594:
2586:
2562:
2555:
2552:Testosterone
2543:
2469:
2372:Depo-Provera
2260:500mg every
2255:250mg every
2246:Sustanon 250
2075:Testosterone
1990:to suppress
1972:feminization
1968:progesterone
1952:testosterone
1941:
1933:
1907:
1890:gynecomastia
1880:, and other
1874:itraconazole
1818:
1815:Interactions
1808:
1802:
1800:
1791:
1748:Significant
1739:hypertension
1737:, or severe
1725:Polycythemia
1703:
1688:
1673:January 2019
1670:
1666:adding to it
1661:
1621:
1617:adding to it
1612:
1586:
1569:hypogonadism
1559:Medical uses
1538:
1530:testosterone
1495:
1457:people from
1446:
1438:
1434:
1430:
1426:
1425:
1245:Nazi Germany
1197:
977:
818:Publications
774:
731:
557:Legal gender
545:legal status
499:Hair removal
440:
365:
346:
339:
310:
278:
250:Third gender
237:
203:
196:
105:
96:
86:
79:
72:
65:
53:
41:Please help
36:verification
33:
9320:from market
9295:Metallibure
9202:haloperidol
9198:risperidone
9190:domperidone
9182:antagonists
9169:oxandrolone
9106:anastrozole
9096:enclomifene
8914:Antagonists
8904:Triptorelin
8869:Gonadorelin
8720:from market
8682:antagonists
8543:Desogestrel
8481:Lynestrenol
8466:Altrenogest
8448:Ethisterone
8415:Demegestone
8403:Norgestomet
8263:Trengestone
8114:from market
8011:antagonists
7998:leuprorelin
7977:haloperidol
7973:risperidone
7965:domperidone
7957:antagonists
7940:oxandrolone
7892:Anastrozole
7831:Fulvestrant
7826:Elacestrant
7776:Enclomifene
7719:antagonists
7664:leuprorelin
7607:Quadrosilan
7383:Climacteron
7302:Clomestrone
7243:Alfatradiol
7122:from market
7032:leuprorelin
6980:haloperidol
6976:risperidone
6968:domperidone
6960:antagonists
6926:Seviteronel
6867:Finasteride
6862:Epristeride
6857:Dutasteride
6852:Alfatradiol
6818:Seviteronel
6778:Apalutamide
6689:antagonists
6633:leuprorelin
6573:lynestrenol
6483:Oxandrolone
6478:Mestanolone
6448:Penmesterol
6403:Formebolone
6388:Calusterone
6383:Bolasterone
6309:Mesterolone
6256:Deposterona
4236:(6): 1609.
4148:Circulation
3840:aromatizing
3825:blood tests
3746:Sleep apnea
3600:cholesterol
3560:suicidality
3426:dyspareunia
3187:cholesterol
3094:dutasteride
3090:finasteride
3042:anastrozole
3007:leuprorelin
2929:topical gel
2873:oxandrolone
2758:US$ 180â210
2659:Transdermal
2609:hypogonadal
2582:amenorrheic
2444:Dutasteride
2420:Finasteride
2414:5â10mg/day
2401:Lynestrenol
2367:5â10mg/day
2176:Delatestryl
2099:Nasal spray
2039:Brand name
2036:Medication
1980:antagonists
1962:, suppress
1938:Medications
1921:propranolol
1878:fluconazole
1821:metabolized
1761:History of
1720:Sleep apnea
1463:androgynous
1455:transgender
1209: [
1189:Transphobia
1142:South Korea
1112:New Zealand
1036: [
603:South Korea
543:Rights and
411:in children
388:Health care
375:Transsexual
356:Transgender
330:Trans woman
286:Mudoko dako
267:Femminiello
9290:Gestrinone
9250:progestins
9220:bifluranol
9188:) (incl.,
9031:(indirect)
9011:Menotropin
8955:Linzagolix
8930:Cetrorelix
8864:Fertirelin
8859:Deslorelin
8823:modulators
8610:trenbolone
8602:nandrolone
8578:Norgestrel
8558:Gestrinone
8526:Oxendolone
8214:progestins
8074:Gestrinone
8015:cetrorelix
7897:Exemestane
7882:Formestane
7841:Trilostane
7816:Toremifene
7806:Raloxifene
7801:Ospemifene
7771:Cyclofenil
7746:Acolbifene
7529:Dienestrol
7519:Bifluranol
7514:Benzestrol
7504:Quinestrol
7472:Nilestriol
7327:Epimestrol
7322:Epiestriol
7280:progestins
7240:Steroidal:
7042:cetrorelix
6998:bifluranol
6921:Nilutamide
6901:Bifluranol
6891:+niraparib
6835:inhibitors
6813:Nilutamide
6788:Cimetidine
6758:Oxendolone
6703:+niraparib
6697:Steroidal:
6565:norgestrel
6553:Progestins
6548:Gestrinone
6508:Mibolerone
6493:Stanozolol
6222:Quinbolone
4916:2022-10-04
4840:January 4,
4815:January 4,
4065:2022-09-27
3987:2022-09-27
3964:References
3683:treatment.
3635:important.
3595:unlikely.)
3556:depression
3529:aggression
3385:Growth of
2968:aromatased
2960:feminizing
2913:androgenic
2877:stanozolol
2857:estrogenic
2849:aromatized
2843:, and the
2785:nandrolone
2459:0.5mg/day
2405:Orgametril
2257:2â3 wks or
2165:3â6 months
1984:progestins
1896:and other
1886:cimetidine
1870:paroxetine
1866:fluoxetine
1862:Nefazodone
1500:, such as
1481:and other
1080:Tamil Nadu
972:By country
883:Deadnaming
833:Television
811:non-binary
796:Literature
693:Inequality
666:Non-binary
593:Healthcare
436:feminizing
306:Two-spirit
291:Mukhannath
260:Faʻafafine
69:newspapers
9330:Phase III
9318:Withdrawn
9224:estradiol
9216:Estrogens
9210:sulpiride
9153:Androgens
9092:clomifene
9088:tamoxifen
9061:flutamide
8960:Relugolix
8940:Ganirelix
8935:Degarelix
8899:Peforelin
8894:Nafarelin
8884:Lecirelin
8879:Histrelin
8874:Goserelin
8854:Buserelin
8828:analogues
8730:Phase III
8718:Withdrawn
8624:, others)
8553:Gestodene
8471:Dienogest
8458:Estranes:
8435:Estranes:
8124:Phase III
8112:Withdrawn
8002:goserelin
7985:sulpiride
7961:prolactin
7920:Androgens
7902:Letrozole
7877:Fadrozole
7811:Tamoxifen
7766:Clomifene
7573:Hexestrol
7467:Moxestrol
7457:Mestranol
7342:Estradiol
7249:androgens
7217:Estrogens
7205:Estrogens
7132:Phase III
7120:Withdrawn
7006:estradiol
6994:Estrogens
6988:sulpiride
6966:) (e.g.,
6911:Flutamide
6803:Flutamide
6728:Dienogest
6708:Canrenone
6619:clomifene
6615:tamoxifen
6468:Furazabol
6182:Clostebol
6133:Androgens
6121:Androgens
6079:Estradiol
5606:2574-3805
5532:0804-4643
5491:199504002
5448:245964212
5432:1433-8726
5393:215759984
5377:1532-0979
5181:225308605
5151:Andrology
4810:Drugs.com
4757:Drugs.com
4515:2523-3785
4474:135460290
4388:207503049
3722:cisgender
3592:morbidity
3588:mortality
3582:Amsterdam
3552:dysphoria
3533:cisgender
3440:pregnancy
3408:Pap smear
3050:tamoxifen
2990:(LH) and
2982:releases
2853:estrogens
2845:voice box
2815:like the
2777:androgens
2774:Synthetic
2712:estrogens
2681:diffusion
2642:cisgender
2431:inhibitor
2408:Progestin
2389:Progestin
2375:Progestin
2361:Progestin
2327:Variable
2284:10â14 wks
2203:Depo-Test
2144:TD liquid
2124:Androderm
1956:injection
1944:androgens
1898:macrolide
1851:phenytoin
1837:) in the
1810:concerns.
1795:cisgender
1715:Migraines
1699:pregnancy
1526:androgens
1485:who were
1467:masculine
1280:Stonewall
1250:Singapore
1218:Australia
1206:Argentina
1167:2022 bill
1127:Singapore
1100:2017 bill
1096:Pakistan
1070:2014 bill
1016:2016 bill
1001:Australia
984:Argentina
505:Pregnancy
390:practices
367:Akava'ine
335:Fakaleitī
325:Trans man
245:Koekchuch
211:Cisgender
205:Burrnesha
192:Androgyne
9379:Category
9342:See also
9252:, e.g.,
9218:(incl.,
9179:receptor
9115:agonists
8950:Elagolix
8925:Abarelix
8922:Peptide:
8846:Peptide:
8838:Agonists
8742:See also
8540:Gonanes:
8536:Tibolone
8232:agonists
8136:See also
8019:elagolix
7994:agonists
7954:receptor
7751:Anordrin
7653:agonists
7337:Estetrol
7296:tibolone
7278:Certain
7247:Certain
7233:agonists
7144:See also
7050:(incl.,
6957:receptor
6583:Tibolone
6264:Sustanon
6260:Omnadren
6161:agonists
5860:Archived
5800:28765273
5751:31409051
5673:29253190
5624:37676662
5615:10485726
5567:29175227
5483:31394072
5440:35034167
5385:32282346
5338:58556160
5330:30579875
5292:29159311
5173:32749751
5128:28492057
5074:isna.org
4989:20976267
4893:32184081
4784:Medscape
4739:25250780
4704:32466485
4628:28294070
4558:27084565
4523:86772102
4466:31027545
4431:11480289
4423:25692791
4380:25403429
4337:28945902
4262:32466485
4211:30950651
4170:30776252
4129:20486653
4121:19509099
4042:28078219
3917:See also
3849:Hormone
3679:therapy.
3628:disease.
3502:Epilepsy
3478:himself.
3387:prostate
3330:therapy.
3320:therapy.
3221:clitoris
3214:baldness
3005:such as
2996:steroids
2936:intersex
2909:anabolic
2801:agonists
2718:Implants
2703:pregnant
2688:Androgel
2591:Injected
2438:1mg/day
2424:Propecia
2337:Orilissa
2333:Elagolix
2299:Androgen
2276:Androgen
2249:Androgen
2230:Androgen
2206:Androgen
2179:Androgen
2155:Androgen
2152:Testopel
2141:Androgen
2130:TD patch
2127:Androgen
2110:Androgen
2107:AndroGel
2096:Androgen
2082:Androgen
2062:Androgen
1964:estrogen
1914:warfarin
1855:rifampin
1835:isoforms
1710:epilepsy
1689:Several
1528:(namely
1491:intersex
1459:feminine
1390:Category
1315:Intersex
1294:See also
1265:Legality
1223:Re Kevin
1184:Title IX
1162:2004 act
1150:2022 law
1135:2003 act
1120:2016 act
1105:2018 act
1075:2019 act
1060:2024 law
1055:2018 law
1050:1980 law
994:2021 law
989:2012 law
823:Religion
698:Violence
688:Genocide
619:Toilets
341:Mak nyah
318:X-gender
301:Travesti
173:Timeline
126:a series
124:Part of
9285:Danazol
9248:(incl.
9159:(e.g.,
9117:(e.g.,
9104:(e.g.,
9086:(e.g.,
9059:(e.g.,
8826:(incl.
8600:(e.g.,
8595:Others:
8438:Danazol
8377:Others:
8069:Danazol
8027:(e.g.,
8013:(e.g.,
7996:(e.g.,
7926:(e.g.,
7721:(incl.
7672:(e.g.,
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7622:Zeranol
7418:Estrone
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7394:Estriol
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2324:Various
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2192:2â4 wks
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1489:. Some
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1092:Ireland
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1028:Finland
937:Studies
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