355:. Both Giovannis studied in France and they also went by the name Giuseppe. There is a possibility that they were the same person. The first Giovanni Pieri died on July 9, 1880. Marianne's seventh child Marie Francesca Athenais Dimitry had three husbands. Two were French and the final one was an American man. Their eighth child Nicholas Theodore Dimitry also attended Georgetown like his older brother Alexander Dimitry. Regrettably, he died at a young age. He was twenty-one years old. Mathilde Elizabeth Theophanie Dimitry married an Italian doctor named Auguste Natili from Pisa, Italy. This is the second Italian to marry into the Dimitry family. Their final child Antoine Marie died unmarried. The Europeanized creole offspring resulted in Greek, Italian, French and English mixtures.
31:
384:, a municipal body responsible for urban infrastructure in New Orleans, including streets and sidewalks a position similar to a city councilman. He won the election but two weeks after Victor Wiltz accused him and his family of having African lineage. People of African lineage were not allowed to hold political office. After seven months in office, he resigned due to pressure from the mayor's office and his peers. In February 1854, a huge trial ensued Pandelly took Victor Wiltz to court for slander and defamation of character in the case known as
281:. She wanted to marry him. It was against the law for people of two different races to marry at that time. Documents indicate that the priest Père Antoine read the law prohibiting interracial marriages out loud at the ceremony. He was known for marrying interracial couples, and the wedding proceeded, but cautiously. Marianne was listed as white in marriage records to make it possible for her to legally marry Andrea. They were married in 1799. The couple had ten children.
290:
304:, and the family became American. They are one of the oldest Creole families in New Orleans history. The family identified with their Greek heritage. Andrea was one hundred percent Greek, and Marianne was fifty percent Greek, so their offspring were seventy-five percent Greek. The family mostly identified as European, reinforcing the stereotype of creole society.
254:. He arrived in New Orleans during the 1760s. Her mother was a former slave named Marie Françoise Chauvin Beaulieu de Montplaisir. She belonged to Mr. Charles Daprémont de La Lande, a member of the Superior Council. Her family was of African descent. Records indicate that Marianne's parents were married, which was legally prohibitive for an interracial couple.
833:
405:'s school went from having 50 students to 2 and he was also publicly humiliated. The trial was made public in newspapers across the United States. Miraculously, five years later Alexander became the first person of color to hold the position of U.S. Ambassador to Costa Rica and Nicaragua. Marienne's grandchildren
363:
decreased the number of free men of color in the local militia and set special curfews for people of color. He made free people of color carry special passes. Slave owners of color were also under attack. By the 1830s, white slave owners in
Louisiana demanded race distinction. The segregation system
307:
Most of the children married foreigners. There is a family legend that some members of the family traveled to Greece in the 1830s to find spouses for the children. Their first daughter
Euphrosine Dimitry married Paul Pandely. Paul's mother Elizabeth English claimed to be a member of the English royal
331:
Her fourth child, Constantine Andrea
Dimitry, died at 22 years old in a drowning incident, blind and unmarried. Marianne's fifth child John Baptiste Miguel Dracos Dimitry married Caroline Sophia Powers. Her mother was French. Clino Angelica Dimitry married a prominent Italian surgeon named Giovanni
257:
Records also indicate that both
Marianne's parents were slave owners. There are over 36 documented slave records clarifying that Dragon and his wife Françoise Chauvin Beaulieu de Monplaisir were planters. There are also many documented slave trades organized among individuals with the last name
358:
By 1811, the area experienced the largest slave revolt in
American history. The revolt occurred thirty miles outside of New Orleans. Slave owners began to dislike the Louisiana free people of color. The local government issued special restrictions for that population.
225:
and the first person of color to become a U.S. Ambassador. He was
Ambassador to Costa Rica and Nicaragua. Her first daughter Euphrosyne married Paul Pandely. Paul's mother Elizabeth English are claimed to be a member of the English royal
429:
Marianne inherited money from her father and later accused Andrea of mismanaging the estate. She took him to court and won a $ 27,000 settlement. The court siding with
Marianne was uncommon because of her mixed-race heritage.
312:. His father was Greek. Their second daughter Aimèe Manuella Dimitry married a man from France named August Dietz. He was the former mayor of Martisèe. Marianne's third child was the creole author
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which is considered highly unlikely due to
Marianne's complexion. Older baptismal records documented her mother's race as mulatto. Around the same period, Marianne met a Greek man named
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spoke eleven languages. The family established a strong Greek community in New
Orleans, and by the 1860s, there was a Greek Orthodox Church and a Greek consulate.
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was more about the legal status of people of color. Marianne's family worked hard to conceal their racial identity. Her children were well educated. Her son
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and it inspired later generations to invent a new genealogy for themselves in which they claimed descent from a mythical, invented
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was the first person of color to attend
Georgetown University. He was also the first person of color to become a U.S. Ambassador.
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Her likeness has been featured in countless articles as representative of the creole community. She was on the cover of the book
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388:. The case was dismissed, Pandelly won but did not receive financial compensation. The incident became known as the
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By Mia L. Bagneris, Michael A. Brown, Suzanne L. Stratton-Pruitt. Her portrait was on the cover of the 2009 book
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The Color of Intimacy: Marriage, Passing, and the Legal Strategies of Afro-Creole Women in Antebellum New Orleans
321:
316:. He married Mary Powell Mills. She was member of a prominent American family. Her father was famous architect
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266:") which is indicative of black slave ownership. Some if not all may have been related to Marie Françoise.
273:, documenting her appearance and physical characteristics. In marriage records, her mother was listed as a
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Marianne died on April 22, 1856, in New Orleans, Louisiana. Marianne was featured in the 2013 book
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neither as black or white due to her mixed ancestry. She was of Greek-French and African descent.
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Arthur, Stanley C.; Arthur, Stanley Clisby; Kernion, George Campbell Huchet de (June 2009).
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The incident sent shockwaves throughout the elite family's social identity. Marianne's son
351:. The other Pieri supposedly died in France on March 13, 1858. He attempted to assassinate
348:
8:
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by Shirley Elizabeth Thompson. Two of her creole children attended Georgetown. Her son
820:(Thesis). New York, New York: Columbia University Department of History. Archived from
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In 1795, a portrait was painted of the young creole Marianne by famous Mexican painter
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509:"First Greek Couple of North America: Andrea Dimitry and Marianne Celeste Dragon"
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Pecquet du Bellet, Louise; Jaquelin, Edward; Jaquelin, Martha Carey (1907).
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Bagneris, Mia L.; Brown, Michael A.; Stratton-Pruitt, Suzanne L. (2013).
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844:. New Orleans, Louisiana: New Orleans Daily Crescent. p. 3, col. 2.
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Exiles at Home The Struggle to Become American in Creole New Orleans
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Exiles at Home The Struggle to Become American in Creole New Orleans
568:. Chicago And New York: The Lewis Publishing Company. p. 1104.
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289:
785:. Vol. 4. Jamestown, VA: J. P. Bell Company (Incorporated).
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The territory became part of the United States in 1803 with the
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Behind Closed Doors Art in the Spanish American Home, 1492-1898
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Andrea Pieri, MD. He shared the same name as the revolutionary
251:
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Behind Closed Doors Art in the Spanish American Home 1492-1898
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Weekly Ohio State Journal Vol. 49 No. 24 (Columbus Ohio), p. 2
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Philadelphia: Lippincott, Grambo & Company 1854: p. 357
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620:"Mixed Marriages In Louisiana Creole Families 164 marriages"
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Marianne Dragon was born on March 1, 1777, in New Orleans,
757:. Digital Academic Research Archives. September 26, 1859
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Portrait of Marianne Celeste Dragon in 1795, painted by
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541:. Cambridge, MA: Harvard University Press. p. 39.
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The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill 2021
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Lynchburg, VA: J.P. Bell Company Inc. 1907: p. 188
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654:Afro Louisiana History and Genealogy 1719-1820
842:New Orleans Daily Crescent, Volume 6, No. 129
506:
471:"Portrait of Marianne Celeste Dragon Dimitry"
468:
937:19th-century African-American businesspeople
625:. Louisiana Historic & Cultural Vistas.
398:of the Alibamu tribe named Malanta Talla.
271:José Francisco Xavier de Salazar y Mendoza
206:. They were an interracial couple. Dragon
200:José Francisco Xavier de Salazar y Mendoza
116: 1799; died in 1852)
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684:Louisiana's Territorial Period, 1803-1812
380:ran for a seat on the Board of Assistant
250:. Dragon migrated from the Greek city of
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221:was the first person of color to attend
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748:"Buchanan Scrubbing the Ohio Democracy"
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495:Some Prominent Virginia Families Vol. 4
473:. Smithsonian National Portrait Gallery
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198:period, also known for her portrait by
927:People from Colonial Spanish Louisiana
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511:. Ethinkos Kirikas The National Herald
230:. Paul's father was of Greek descent.
796:. Brooklyn, NY: The Monacelli Press.
632:from the original on February 9, 2023
618:Landry Christophe (August 18, 2018).
555:
485:
942:19th-century American businesspeople
851:from the original on August 25, 2023
832:Maddox, Joseph H. (August 4, 1853).
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535:Thompson, Shirley Elizabeth (2009).
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932:19th-century American businesswomen
892:19th-century American women artists
324:. He later became an abolitionist.
37:José Francisco de Salazar y Mendoza
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912:19th-century people from Louisiana
811:Foretia, Crystal (April 5, 2023).
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782:Some Prominent Virginia Families
469:Staff Writers (March 20, 2022).
296:, Marianne's husband, in old age
258:Monplaisir. Some are listed as
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597:. Genealogical Publishing Com.
565:History of New Orleans Volume 3
507:Steve Frangos (June 12, 2018).
441:by Shirley Elizabeth Thompson.
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887:19th-century American painters
735:Pecquet du Bellet,Louise, 1907
669:Louise Pecquet du Bellet, 1907
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58:New Orleans, Spanish Louisiana
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902:African-American slave owners
711:Things as They are in America
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421:also became notable authors.
376:In 1853, Marienne's grandson
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562:Kendall, John Smith (1922).
190:(1777–1856) was a prominent
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952:19th-century women painters
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492:"Louise Pecquet du Bellet"
244:American Revolutionary War
74:New Orleans, United States
723:Kendall, John Smith, 1922
594:Old Families of Louisiana
264:of Black African heritage
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164:Theodore John Dimitry Jr.
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947:Dimitry Family (Creoles)
386:Pandelly v. Wiltz (1854)
181:Dimitry Family (Creoles)
907:Louisiana Creole people
897:People from New Orleans
419:John Bull Smith Dimitry
361:William C. C. Claiborne
148:John Bull Smith Dimitry
23:Marianne Celeste Dragon
411:Charles Patton Dimitry
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202:. She was the wife of
194:land owner during the
168:Dracos Anthony Dimitry
152:Charles Patton Dimitry
834:"Evidence of Lineage
451:Louisiana (New Spain)
415:Virginia Dimitry Ruth
334:Giovanni Andrea Pieri
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285:Marriage and children
223:Georgetown University
917:Free people of color
425:Later life and death
349:Unification of Italy
188:Marie Celeste Dragon
861:The Pandelly Affair
836:The Pandelly Affair
322:Washington Monument
320:. He designed the
922:Women slave owners
708:"William Chambers"
686:LSU Libraries 2021
302:Louisiana Purchase
298:
242:. Her father was
604:978-0-8063-4688-5
581:, pp. 11–36.
403:Alexander Dimitry
366:Alexander Dimitry
326:Alexander Dimitry
314:Alexander Dimitry
240:Spanish Louisiana
219:Alexander Dimitry
196:Spanish Louisiana
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128:Alexander Dimitry
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439:Exiles at Home
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407:Ernest Lagarde
391:Pandely Affair
378:George Pandely
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372:Pandely Affair
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294:Andrea Dimitry
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279:Andrea Dimitry
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156:Ernest Lagarde
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67:22 April 1856
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853:. Retrieved
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759:. Retrieved
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353:Napoleon III
330:
318:Robert Mills
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262:(in French "
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91:Entrepreneur
69:(1856-04-22)
55:1 March 1777
882:1856 deaths
877:1777 births
696:Maddox 1853
337: [
80:Nationality
871:Categories
855:August 25,
457:References
234:Early life
88:Occupation
51:1777-03-01
761:March 25,
515:March 20,
477:March 20,
144:Relatives
846:Archived
636:July 26,
627:Archived
445:See also
382:Aldermen
275:quadroon
124:Children
83:American
347:in the
118:
110:
106:
800:
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260:nègres
252:Athens
208:passed
178:Family
134:Parent
96:Spouse
849:(PDF)
825:(PDF)
818:(PDF)
751:(PDF)
630:(PDF)
623:(PDF)
341:]
246:hero
112:(
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857:2023
798:ISBN
763:2022
638:2023
599:ISBN
543:ISBN
517:2022
479:2022
417:and
64:Died
45:Born
873::
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840:.
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Text is available under the Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike License. Additional terms may apply.
