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that govern the motion of each individual particle may (or may not) be simple, the study of the collection of particles can be extremely complex. In such a quantum system, the repeated interactions between particles create quantum correlations, or entanglement. As a consequence, the
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Because the required numerical expense grows so quickly, simulating the dynamics of more than three quantum-mechanical particles is already infeasible for many physical systems. Thus, many-body theoretical physics most often relies on a set of
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Hochstuhl, David; Bonitz, Michael; Hinz, Christopher (2014). "Time-dependent multiconfiguration methods for the numerical simulation of photoionization processes of many-electron atoms".
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is a general name for a vast category of physical problems pertaining to the properties of microscopic systems made of many interacting particles.
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In quantum mechanics, however, the many-body-system is in general in a superposition of combinations of single particle states - all the
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different combinations have to be accounted for. The dimension of the quantum many body system therefore scales exponentially with
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This becomes especially clear by a comparison to classical mechanics. Imagine a single particle that can be described with
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This article is about the many-body problem in quantum mechanics. For the n-body problem in classical mechanics, see
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Faddeev–Yakubovsky equations) and are thus sometimes separately classified as
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may arise which bear little resemblance to the underlying elementary laws.
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has to be used to provide an accurate description of the system.
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of the system is a complicated object holding a large amount of
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specific to the problem at hand, and ranks among the most
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A guide to
Feynman diagrams in the many-body problem
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1446:The quantum mechanics of many-body systems
1241:Many-body problems play a central role in
1123:such particles can simply be described by
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120:Learn how and when to remove this message
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27:Problem in physics and quantum mechanics
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1472:Quantum Theory of Many-Particle Systems
1041:In general terms, while the underlying
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58:adding citations to reliable sources
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1494:Theory of Interacting Fermi Systems
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526:Sum-over-histories (path integral)
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142:Part of a series of articles about
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1415:Neural network quantum states
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1668:. You can help Knowledge by
1611:. You can help Knowledge by
1448:. New York: Academic Press.
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1725:Computational physics stubs
1573:10.1140/epjst/e2014-02092-3
1367:Dynamical mean field theory
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1103:). In classical mechanics,
686:Quantum information science
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1361:Random phase approximation
1273:Bose–Einstein condensation
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1522:. New York: McGraw-Hill.
1400:Density functional theory
1383:Configuration interaction
1229:computationally intensive
1255:Condensed matter physics
1243:condensed matter physics
1142:{\displaystyle k\cdot n}
721:Quantum machine learning
474:Wheeler's delayed-choice
1286:computational chemistry
431:Leggett–Garg inequality
1664:-related article is a
1607:-related article is a
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230:Schrödinger equation
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54:improve this article
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1474:. New York: Dover.
1373:perturbation theory
1259:solid-state physics
1231:fields of science.
1096:{\displaystyle k=6}
469:Stern–Gerlach
266:Classical mechanics
69:"Many-body problem"
1496:. Addison-Wesley.
1432:Jenkins, Stephen.
1340:quark–gluon plasma
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43:This article
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1670:expanding it
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1613:expanding it
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1490:Nozières, P.
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1357:Hartree–Fock
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1007:
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551:Klein–Gordon
487:Formulations
324:Energy level
319:Entanglement
302:Fundamentals
289:Interference
240:Introduction
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107:
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90:
83:
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52:Please help
47:verification
44:
1394:Monte-Carlo
1328:Lattice QCD
1277:Superfluids
1263:nanoscience
1052:information
1024:homogeneous
1012:Microscopic
940:von Neumann
925:Schrödinger
701:EPR paradox
632:Many-worlds
566:Schrödinger
521:Schrödinger
516:Phase-space
506:Interaction
411:Double-slit
389:Experiments
364:Uncertainty
334:Nonlocality
329:Measurement
314:Decoherence
284:Hamiltonian
1709:Categories
1538:References
1396:approaches
1371:Many-body
1347:Approaches
1336:QCD matter
935:Sommerfeld
850:Heisenberg
845:Gutzwiller
785:de Broglie
733:Scientists
647:Relational
598:Copenhagen
501:Heisenberg
359:Tunnelling
260:Background
80:newspapers
1581:122869981
1134:⋅
965:Zeilinger
810:Ehrenfest
539:Equations
216:⟩
213:Ψ
202:^
190:⟩
187:Ψ
164:ℏ
1514:(1976).
1492:(1997).
1470:(2003).
1444:(1972).
1392:Various
1249:Examples
890:Millikan
815:Einstein
800:Davisson
755:Blackett
740:Aharonov
608:Ensemble
588:Bayesian
493:Overview
374:Collapse
354:Symmetry
245:Glossary
1561:Bibcode
1032:Faddeev
1028:crystal
930:Simmons
920:Rydberg
885:Moseley
865:Kramers
855:Hilbert
840:Glauber
835:Feynman
820:Everett
790:Compton
561:Rydberg
250:History
94:scholar
1579:
1526:
1500:
1478:
1452:
1332:hadron
960:Zeeman
955:Wigner
905:Planck
875:Landau
860:Jordan
511:Matrix
441:Popper
96:
89:
82:
75:
67:
1660:This
1603:This
1577:S2CID
915:Raman
900:Pauli
895:Onnes
830:Fermi
805:Debye
795:Dirac
760:Bloch
750:Bethe
618:Local
556:Pauli
546:Dirac
344:State
101:JSTOR
87:books
1666:stub
1609:stub
1524:ISBN
1498:ISBN
1476:ISBN
1450:ISBN
1375:and
1275:and
1020:Many
1006:The
950:Wien
945:Weyl
910:Rabi
880:Laue
870:Lamb
825:Fock
780:Bose
775:Born
770:Bohr
765:Bohm
745:Bell
73:news
1569:doi
1557:223
56:by
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1466:;
1359:,
1338:,
1330:,
1316:,
1312:,
1288:,
1265:,
1261:,
1245:.
1169:.
1038:.
1697:e
1690:t
1683:v
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1207:n
1185:n
1181:k
1157:n
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1111:n
1091:6
1088:=
1085:k
1065:k
995:e
988:t
981:v
209:|
199:H
193:=
183:|
176:t
173:d
169:d
161:i
136:.
123:)
117:(
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108:(
98:·
91:·
84:·
77:·
50:.
20:)
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