399:
572:
478:
361:('Third') who ensured the continuity of the original sacrifice. Regarding the primordial state that may have preceded the creation process, West notes that the Vedic, Norse and, at least partially, the Greek traditions give evidence of an era when the cosmological elements were absent, with similar formula insisting on their non-existence: "neither non-being was nor being was at that time; there was not the air, nor the heaven beyond it ..." (
111:
36:
1536:
453:, 'Man'), together they go to a cave or a mountain, and the hero finally manages to overcome the monster. Trito then gives the recovered cattle back to a priest for it to be properly sacrificed. He is now the first warrior, maintaining through his heroic deeds the cycle of mutual giving between gods and mortals.
1459:
Many Indo-European beliefs explain aspects of human anatomy from the results of the original dismemberment of Yemo: his flesh usually becomes the earth, his hair grass, his bone yields stone, his blood water, his eyes the sun, his mind the moon, his brain the clouds, his breath the wind, and his head
4461:
Living in the high mountain valleys, the
Nuristani retained their ancient culture and their religion, a form of ancient Hinduism with many customs and rituals developed locally. Certain deities were revered only by one tribe or community, but one deity was universally worshipped by all Nuristani as
1701:
reformation of the original myth, and Yima might have been seen as the ruler of the realm of the dead in the early
Iranian tradition. Norbert Oettinger argues that the story of Yima and the Vara was originally a flood myth, and the harsh winter was added in due to the dry nature of Eastern Iran, as
1467:
also sacrifices the cow, and from the parts of the dead animal are born the other living species and vegetables. In the
European reflexes, however, the cow (represented by a she-wolf in the Roman myth) serves only as a provider of milk and care for the twins before the creation. This divergence may
587:
Many Indo-European beliefs explain the origin of natural elements as the result of the original dismemberment of Yemo: his flesh usually becomes the earth, his hair grass, his bone yields stone, his blood water, his eyes the sun, his mind the moon, his brain the clouds, his breath the wind, and his
1654:
when talking about the two spirits that "appeared in the beginning as two twins in a dream ... (and) who first met and instituted life and non-life". Yima in particular is depicted as the first to distribute portions of the cow for consumption, and is explicitly condemned for having introduced the
562:
and most likely as a moral justification for the practice of raiding among Indo-European peoples. In the original legend, Trito is only taking back what rightfully belongs to his people, those who sacrifice properly to the gods. The myth has been interpreted either as a cosmic conflict between the
547:
According to
Lincoln, Manu and Yemo seem to be the protagonists of "a myth of the sovereign function, establishing the model for later priests and kings", while the legend of Trito should be interpreted as "a myth of the warrior function, establishing the model for all later men of arms". The myth
518:
were understood as 'twin', 'bisexual', or 'hermaphrodite', and some myths give a sister to the Vedic Yama, called Yamī (also 'Twin'). The primordial being may therefore have self-sacrificed, or have been divided in two, a male half and a female half, embodying a prototypal separation of the sexes
461:
According to
Lincoln, Manu and Yemo seem to be the protagonists of "a myth of the sovereign function, establishing the model for later priests and kings", while the legend of Trito should be seen as "a myth of the warrior function, establishing the model for all later men of arms". He has thus
1612:
is depicted as the first man to die, the one who established the path towards death after he freely chose his own departure from life. Although his realm was originally associated with feasting, beauty and happiness, Yama was gradually portrayed as a horrific being and the ruler of the
588:
head the heavens. The traditions of sacrificing an animal to disperse its parts according to socially established patterns, a custom found in
Ancient Rome and India, has been interpreted as an attempt to restore the balance of the cosmos ruled by the original sacrifice.
599:), and Jewish versions depend on the Iranian, and a Chinese version of the myth has been introduced from Ancient India. The Armenian version of the myth of the First Warrior Trito depends on the Iranian, and the Roman reflexes were influenced by earlier Greek versions.
1722:) and Jewish versions depend on the Iranian, and a Chinese version of the myth has been introduced from Ancient India. The Armenian version of the myth of the First Warrior Trito depends on the Iranian, and the Roman reflexes were influenced by earlier Greek versions.
1460:
the heavens. The traditions of sacrificing an animal before dispersing its parts following socially established patterns, a custom found in
Ancient Rome and India, has been interpreted as an attempt to restore the balance of the cosmos ruled by the original sacrifice.
1472:, and the latter much more agricultural, perceiving the cow mainly as a source of milk. According to Lincoln, the Indo-Iranian version best preserves the ancestral motif, since they lived closer to the original Proto-Indo-European pastoral way of life.
1873:– all referring to a "creator god". This deity also acts as the guardian to the gates of hell (located in a subterranean realm), preventing the return to the world of the living – a motif that echoes the role of Yama as the king of the underworld.
462:
interpreted the narrative as an expression of the priests's and kings's attempt to justify their role as indispensable for the preservation of the cosmos, and therefore as essential for the organization of society. The motif indeed recalls the
1764:(folksongs), as another fertility deity, and in the same vein, Zmago Smitek mentioned the pair as having "pronounced vegetational characteristics". Jumis, whose name can also mean 'double ear of wheat', is also considered a Latvian
1697:, Yima is presented as the builder of an underworld, a sub-terrestrial paradise eventually ruled by Zarathustra and his son. The story, giving a central position to the new religious leader, is once again probably the result of a
494:
Hermann Güntert, stressing philological parallels between the
Germanic and Indo-Iranian texts, argued in 1923 for an inherited Indo-European motif of the creation of the world from the sacrifice and dismemberment of a primordial
3952:
N. Oettinger, Before Noah: Possible Relics of the Flood myth in Proto-Indo-Iranian and
Earlier, Proceedings of the 24th Annual UCLA Indo-European Conference, ed. S.W. Jamison, H.C. Melchert, B. Vine, Bremen 2013, p.
325:, "some elements of the are distinctively Indo-European", but the reconstruction proposed by Lincoln "makes too unprovable assumptions to account for the fundamental changes implied by the Scandinavian version".
2082:
Anthony, David W.; Brown, Dorcas R. (2019). "Late Bronze Age midwinter dog sacrifices and warrior initiations at
Krasnosamarskoe, Russia". In Olsen, Birgit A.; Olander, Thomas; Kristiansen, Kristian (eds.).
4829:
1655:
eating of meat. After a brief reign on earth, the king Yima was said in a later tradition to be deprived of his triple royal nimbus, which embodied the three social classes in Iranian myths.
1935:(Iszwambrato, Schneybrato, Schnejbrato, Snejbrato), which he interprets as 'Elder' and 'His Brother', respectively. These latter two would, in turn, be connected to the worship, by the
1559:, who took his role as first sacrificer; Manūščihr ('son' or 'seed of Manuš'), who replaced him as ancestor of the priestly line; and Zarathustra himself, who took his role as priest
2519:(1982). "From swords in the earth to the sword in the stone: A possible reflection of an Alano-Sarmatian rite of passage in the Arthurian tradition". In Polomé, Edgar C. (ed.).
2199:
1468:
be explained by the cultural differences between the Indo-Iranian and European branches of the Indo-European family, with the former still strongly influenced by
4836:
563:
heavenly hero and the earthly serpent, or as an Indo-European victory over non-Indo-European people, the monster symbolizing the aboriginal thief or usurper.
4411:
Zoller, Claus Peter. "Review Article: "Pagan Christmas: Winter feast of the Kalasha of the Hindu Kush" and the true frontiers of 'Greater Peristan'.". In:
1532:(demi-gods). According to Lincoln, this could represent an independent variant of the original myth, with the figure of Yama laying behind that of Manāvī.
4321:
Zoller, Claus Peter. "Review Article: "Pagan Christmas: Winter feast of the Kalasha of the Hindu Kush" and the true frontiers of 'Greater Peristan'". In:
1702:
flood myths didn't have as much of an effect as harsh winters. He has argued that the Videvdad 2.24's mention of melted water flowing is a remnant of the
5062:
82:
2897:
Treimer, Karl (1971). "Zur Rückerschliessung der illyrischen Götterwelt und ihre Bedeutung für die südslawische Philologie". In Henrik Barić (ed.).
3253:, "some elements of the are distinctively Indo-Europeans", but the reconstruction of the creation myth of the first Man and his Twin proposed by
4605:
250:
Since the 1970s, the reconstructed motifs of Manu and Yemo, and to a lesser extent that of Trito, have been generally accepted among scholars.
17:
269:
There is no scholarly consensus as to which of the variants is the most accurate reconstruction of the Proto-Indo-European cosmogonic myth.
185:
of different Indo-European tales has led scholars to reconstruct an original Proto-Indo-European creation myth involving twin brothers, *
4858:
398:
4365:. Venezia, Eurasiatica Quaderni di studi su Balcani, Anatolia, Iran, Caucaso e Asia Centrale. Edizioni Ca' Foscari. pp. 251 and 253.
1691:, 'Evil Spirit'). From the ox's parts came all the plants and animals, and from Gayōmart's body the minerals and humankind. In the
1629:
and told in later traditions, Yama and his twin sister Yamī are presented as the children of the sun-god Vivasvat. Discussing the
423:
555:
of the cosmos between the priest (in both his magical and legal aspects), the warrior (the third man), and the herder (the cow).
469:
of the cosmos between the priest (in both his magical and legal aspects), the warrior (the Third Man), and the herder (the cow).
1775:) attests a brother–sister pair named Jima (Yima) and Jimak (Yimak). Yimak, or Jamag, is described as Yima's twin sister in the
5088:
4822:
2469:
4370:
4350:
4310:
4231:
4178:
4063:
3976:
3007:
2979:
2954:
2926:
2843:
2819:
2791:
2707:
2682:
2650:
2401:
2331:
2310:
2207:
2151:
2098:
1968:
506:
rather than a twin brother of Manu, both forming indeed a pair of complementary beings entwined together. The Germanic names
244:
4305:. Venezia, Eurasiatica Quaderni di studi su Balcani, Anatolia, Iran, Caucaso e Asia Centrale. Edizioni Ca' Foscari. p. 250.
4853:
4598:
301:), and even Polynesian or South American legends, Lincoln argues that the linguistic correspondences found in descendant
132:
273:'s reconstruction of the Proto-Indo-European motif known as "Twin and Man" is supported by a number of scholars such as
2868:
2624:
2072:
1790:
1706:, and mentions that the Indian Flood Myths originally had their protagonist as Yama, but it was changed to Manu later.
2411:
Jackson, Peter (2002). "Light from Distant Asterisks: Towards a Description of the Indo-European Religious Heritage".
2376:
Indo-European and the Indo-Europeans: A Reconstruction and Historical Analysis of a Proto-Language and a Proto-Culture
5103:
4447:
4116:
3660:
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2763:
2735:
2530:
2506:
2458:
2357:
2282:
2257:
2233:
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2123:
4248:
4196:
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1621:
traditions. Some scholars have equated this abandonment (or transcendence) of his own body with the sacrifice of
1782:
from Central Iran. Yima consorts with his sister Yimak to produce humankind, but is later killed by Azi Dahaka.
1514:(another word meaning 'man') tells how the body parts of the sacrificed primeval man led to the creation of the
5032:
4591:
2811:
2302:
4361:
Cacopardo, A.S. (2016). "A World In-between. The Pre-Islamic Cultures of the Hindu Kush". In: Pellò, S.(ed.).
4301:
Cacopardo, A.S. (2016). "A World In-between. The Pre-Islamic Cultures of the Hindu Kush". In: Pellò, S.(ed.).
3257:"makes too unprovable assumptions to account for the fundamental changes implied by the Scandinavian version".
1506:. The association of Mánu with the ritual of sacrifice is so strong that those who do not sacrifice are named
4845:
4655:
3297:
agrees with the reconstructed motif of Manu and Yemo, although he notes that interpretations of the myths of
3241:
agrees with the reconstructed motif of Manu and Yemo, although he notes that interpretations of the myths of
1953:
169:
122:
422:
To the third man Trito, the celestial gods offer cattle as a divine gift, which is stolen by a three-headed
5098:
4905:
4900:
4883:
2060:
The Horse, the Wheel, and Language: How Bronze-Age Riders from the Eurasian Steppes Shaped the Modern World
571:
118:
2449:. Vol. VII: Contributions to Comparative Mythology: Studies in Linguistics and Philology, 1972–1982.
2007:'father of triplets/three sons', or considered a possible guardian deity of Russia in pre-Christian times.
4531:
Koch, John T. "Some Suggestions and Etymologies Reflecting upon the Mythology of the Four Branches". In:
4257:
3164:
2616:
2115:
1591:
1185:
441:
Trito first suffers at his hands, but fortified by an intoxicating drink and aided by a helper-god (the
5027:
4775:
4575:Кулаков Владимир Иванович (2017). Каменные изваяния пруссов. Исторический формат, (1-2), 151-169. URL:
4223:
4084:
2776:(1986). "The Background of Germanic Cosmogonic Myths". In Brogyanyi, Bela; Krömmelbein, Thomas (eds.).
2064:
3652:
2783:
2171:
1732:, whose name means 'pair, double (of fruits)'. His name is also considered a cognate to Indo-Iranian
216:), and even Polynesian or South American legends, the linguistic correspondences found in descendant
5017:
4873:
4665:
2225:
1715:
1644:
was seen as the first king and first mortal. The original myth of creation was indeed condemned by
736:
592:
552:
466:
435:
293:. Although some thematic parallels can be made with traditions of the Ancient Near East (the twins
235:
Following a first paper on the cosmogonical legend of Manu and Yemo, published simultaneously with
61:
5012:
4935:
4108:
2999:
2946:
2918:
2755:
2699:
1948:
650:
259:
128:
4576:
4420:
4330:
1667:
that of the Commoner. The saga ends with the real dismemberment of Yima by his own brother, the
367:), "... there was not sand nor sea nor the cool waves; earth was nowhere nor heaven above;
4055:
2936:
2341:
1880:
proposed that the characters of "Man" and "Twin" are present in Proto-Latin under the names of
78:
4986:
4433:
4272:
2965:
172:. In the creation myth, Manu kills Yemo as a foundational part of the origin of the universe.
5093:
5083:
5052:
4930:
4394:
Parkes, Peter. "Temple of Imra, Temple of Mahandeu: A Kafir Sanctuary in Kalasha Cosmology".
4215:
2477:
2367:
1683:; 'Mortal Life') and the primeval world ox Gōšūrvan are sacrificed by the destructive spirit
1519:
1097:
4920:
4910:
2323:
Mythe et épopée: L'idéologie des trois fonctions dans les épopées des peuples indo-européens
1522:(the upper parts becoming the upper castes and the lower parts the commoners). In the later
4614:
4026:
2349:
2249:
Dictionnaire de la langue gauloise: Une approche linguistique du vieux-celtique continental
1909:
Following Puhvel's line of argument, Belarusian scholar Siarhiej Sanko attempted to find a
1664:
1637:
with her brother Yama, who rejects it, thus forgoing his role as the creator of humankind.
1172:
212:
Although some thematic parallels can be made with Ancient Near East (the primordial couple
4220:
The Indian Theogony: A Comparative Study of Indian Mythology from the Vedas to the Puranas
1518:(the heaven from his head, the air from his navel, the earth from his legs) and the Hindu
533:
8:
4915:
4741:
3647:
Witzel, Michael (2008). "Slaying the Dragon across Eurasia". In Bengtson, John D. (ed.).
2492:
2161:
2133:
1841:
1535:
1524:
232:
make it very likely that the myth discussed here has a Proto-Indo-European (PIE) origin.
4925:
4715:
2597:
2589:
2560:
2516:
2428:
1999:
1634:
764:
182:
87:
4018:
2856:
The Anthropomorphic Stelae of the Ukraine: The Early Iconography of the Indo-Europeans
2773:
2717:
2292:
1751:
1551:
around the 7th–6th centuries BC that degraded the status of prior myths and deities, *
549:
502:
Some scholars have proposed that the primeval being Yemo was depicted as a two-folded
463:
322:
4895:
4701:
4443:
4416:
4366:
4346:
4326:
4306:
4227:
4174:
4112:
4059:
3972:
3844:
3656:
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3172:
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2787:
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2731:
2727:
2703:
2678:
2646:
2639:
2620:
2601:
2564:
2526:
2525:. Journal of Indo-European Studies / Institute for the Study of Man. pp. 53–68.
2502:
2454:
2450:
2397:
2379:
2353:
2327:
2306:
2278:
2274:
2253:
2229:
2203:
2175:
2147:
2143:
2119:
2094:
2068:
1958:
1163:
1154:, a term meaning 'serpent', is also related to the Indo-European root for negation (*
1010:
715:
580:
378:
2086:
Tracing the Indo-Europeans: New Evidence from Archaeology and Historical Linguistics
4788:
4755:
4284:
4170:
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3649:
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3627:
2664:
2581:
2552:
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2243:
2189:
1829:
1725:
746:
391:
286:
282:
4981:
4945:
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2863:
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1939:, of stone statues erected during their expansion in the 12th and 13th centuries.
5057:
5047:
5022:
5007:
4888:
4729:
4719:
4635:
2993:
2940:
2912:
2908:
2898:
2854:
2833:
2805:
2777:
2749:
2721:
2693:
2668:
2610:
2520:
2496:
2444:
2391:
2321:
2296:
2268:
2247:
2193:
2165:
2137:
2109:
2084:
2058:
2031:
1863:
1856:
1714:
The motif of Manu and Yemo has been influential throughout Eurasia following the
1609:
1499:
1485:
852:
693:
628:
591:
The motif of Manu and Yemo has been influential throughout Eurasia following the
576:
321:
make it very likely that the myth has a Proto-Indo-European origin. According to
4814:
4150:
4133:
2695:
The Oxford Introduction to Proto-Indo-European and the Proto-Indo-European World
2443:(1985). "Linguistic Evidence in Comparative Mythology". In Rudy, Stephen (ed.).
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5037:
4761:
4745:
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2989:
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1963:
1772:
1765:
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1080:('Third' and 'Son of Third'), who won back the abducted women from the serpent
663:
640:
559:
477:
290:
2424:
5077:
5042:
4751:
4725:
4651:
3030:
2829:
2660:
2634:
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1936:
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240:
51:
4490:
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4878:
4792:
4765:
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1910:
1630:
1025:
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353:('Twin'), as the progenitors of the world and humankind, and a hero named *
213:
140:
71:
4288:
3991:
Oinas, Felix J. (1980). "A Balto-Finnic and Baltic fertility spirit". In:
3632:
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was originally regarded as the First Priest instead of Zarathustra by pre-
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2090:
1877:
1802:
1469:
1357:
924:
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201:('Twin'), as the progenitors of the world and mankind, and a hero named *
4583:
4194:
Akbarzadeh, Daryoosh (Spring–Summer 2014). "China and the Myth of Jam".
1923:('male, hero'). He saw a connection with quasi-historical Prussian king
1625:. In a motif shared with the Iranian tradition, which is touched in the
973:
486:
243:
assembled the initial part of the myth with the legend of the third man
5002:
4550:
4536:
2593:
2572:
Lincoln, Bruce (August 1976). "The Indo-European Cattle-Raiding Myth".
2432:
2026:
1777:
1703:
1614:
1567:
1495:
1375:
1199:
Indo-European linguistic descendants (in bold) and thematic echoes (in
1091:
780:
Indo-European linguistic descendants (in bold) and thematic echoes (in
689:
685:
4519:
4505:
98, no. 4 (1977): 404-405. Accessed March 3, 2021. doi:10.2307/293802.
1528:, both a primordial bull and Mánu's wife Manāvī are sacrificed by the
4802:
4782:
4779:
4711:
4629:
4399:
4041:
3968:
2674:
1645:
1548:
1252:
892:
838:
496:
442:
4868:
1927:
and his brother Bruteno. Related to them is a pair of figures named
1555:
was replaced in the Iranian tradition with three different figures:
707:
4705:
4639:
4439:
3302:
3246:
2835:
Archaeology & Language. The Puzzle of the Indo-European Origins
2585:
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632:
386:
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4343:
The Roots of Hinduism: The Early Aryans and the Indus Civilization
2751:
The Roots of Hinduism: The Early Aryans and the Indus Civilization
523:
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4695:
4691:
4677:
4673:
4501:
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3209:
3207:
3205:
3203:
3201:
3130:
3128:
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1810:
1744:
1684:
1641:
1622:
1618:
1604:
1556:
1540:
1511:
1490:
1039:
992:
904:
859:
750:
681:
678:
654:
612:
363:
302:
217:
136:
558:
The story of Trito served as a model for later epic myths about
209:('Third') who ensured the continuity of the original sacrifice.
4976:
4769:
4645:
4435:
Ethnic Groups of North, East, and Central Asia: An Encyclopedia
2035:
1656:
1650:
1576:
1515:
1441:
1424:
1344:
1291:
1181:
1134:
1083:
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944:
636:
514:
382:
3364:
3362:
3198:
3125:
3017:
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1789:
is attested as a compound in personal names of the historical
1494:
as the first sacrificer and the founder of religious law, the
4735:
4685:
4463:
4134:"Some Motifs in Komi Legends about the Creation of the World"
3892:
3890:
3298:
3242:
2779:
Germanic Dialects: Linguistic and Philological Investigations
1915:
1668:
1529:
1503:
1439:
1432:
1422:
1413:
1385:
1307:
1281:
1128:
1122:
1112:
1106:
1053:
834:
771:
624:
178:
is sometimes also interpreted as a primordial hermaphrodite.
117:
This article contains characters used to write reconstructed
3965:
The Routledge Dictionary Of Gods Goddesses Devils And Demons
3083:
3081:
3079:
3077:
3075:
3073:
3071:
3069:
3067:
3065:
2111:
Aryan Idols: Indo-European Mythology as Ideology and Science
1180:('serpent'), a term used to designate the monstrous serpent
1058:, the hero who recovered the stolen cattle from the serpent
4669:
4661:
4625:
4169:. Vol. One: The Early Period. Leiden; New York; Köln:
4040:
Balode, Laimute (2015). "Criteria for Identifying Possible
3865:
3863:
3513:
3447:
3383:
3381:
3379:
3377:
3359:
3335:
3115:
3113:
2612:
Death, War, and Sacrifice: Studies in Ideology and Practice
1820:
is also considered a reflex of Indo-Iranian Yama. The name
1817:
1398:
1118:
979:
955:
866:
696:
674:
508:
481:
402:
298:
4256:. "Oriental Institute Publications" series. Vol. 92.
3934:
3909:
3907:
3905:
3887:
3801:
3757:
3706:
3525:
3188:
3186:
2198:. Translated by Palmer, Elizabeth. Coral Gables, Florida:
1633:
of incest in a primordial context, Yamī insists on having
3818:
3816:
3488:
3486:
3471:
3062:
1840:"Killer, Death". This name may have left traces in other
1355:
239:
in 1975 (who pointed out the Roman reflex of the story),
4489:. Leiden, The Netherlands: Brill, 1982. pp. 18-19. doi:
3924:
3922:
3860:
3776:
3774:
3772:
3747:
3745:
3578:
3503:
3501:
3393:
3374:
3325:
3323:
3110:
3100:
3098:
3096:
3052:
3050:
3048:
1993:
1987:
1502:('Twin'), both presented as the sons of the solar deity
1188:
1138:
519:
that continued the primordial union of the Sky Father (*
4325:
2018, n. 79. 2018. pp. 217 and 232 (footnote nr. 174).
3902:
3459:
3437:
3435:
3422:
3420:
3183:
2543:(November 1975). "The Indo-European Myth of Creation".
2270:
Etymological Dictionary of the Slavic Inherited Lexicon
1758:
as a female counterpart and sister of Jumis in Latvian
4396:
Bulletin of the School of Oriental and African Studies
3875:
3813:
3791:
3789:
3730:
3718:
3694:
3597:
3595:
3593:
3483:
3405:
2914:
How to Kill a Dragon: Aspects of Indo-European Poetics
2167:
Comparative Indo-European Linguistics: An Introduction
1898:, a name he considered to be ultimately derived from *
3919:
3769:
3742:
3537:
3498:
3347:
3320:
3308:
3265:
3263:
3147:
3145:
3143:
3093:
3045:
1463:
In the Indo-Iranian version of the myth, his brother
1105:. Other cognates may appear in the Greek expressions
3432:
3417:
1900:
1257:
1243:
1231:
1156:
1148:
1044:
962:
941:
822:
811:
700:
643:
617:
615:
deriving from the Proto-Indo-European First Priest *
531:
521:
447:
428:
389:, but earth nor air nor heaven there was ..." (
355:
347:
339:
315:
307:
226:
203:
195:
187:
173:
161:
151:
4518:15, no. 2 (1975): 156-157. Accessed March 4, 2021.
3995:, 11:3, pp. 207-211. DOI: 10.1080/01629778000000231
3786:
3590:
4345:. Oxford University Press. 2015. pp. 143 and 264.
4044:in Latvian Toponymy". In Junttila, Santeri (ed.).
3260:
3140:
2638:
1594:tradition portrays the first mortal man or king, *
1000:
729:
722:
4844:
2366:
1133:, 'third born' or 'born of Zeus'), an epithet of
735:, with the initial /y/ shifting to /r/ under the
77:for phonetic transcriptions, with an appropriate
5075:
4046:Contacts between the Baltic and Finnic languages
635:, and Manāvī, his sacrificed wife; the Germanic
2852:
2002:
1396:
1383:
1373:
1171:, the name of the inimical serpent, and in the
1099:
1089:
953:
708:
121:words (for an explanation of the notation, see
4415:2018, n. 79. 2018. p. 232 (footnote nr. 174).
4077:
4075:
4023:A Reader in Comparative Indo-European Religion
2900:Arhiv za Arbanasku starinu, jezik i etnologiju
1305:
1297:
1289:
1279:
1175:
1143:, found in Russian and Serbian legends alike.
1059:
1051:
627:', 'ancestor of humankind') include the Indic
4830:
4599:
4398:. University of London 54, no. 1 (1991): 85.
4004:Vainik, Ene. (2014). "Jumala jälgi ajamas" .
3841:Indo-European Etymological Dictionary Project
2692:Mallory, James P.; Adams, Douglas Q. (2006).
1759:
1342:
1333:
1323:
1166:
1081:
1074:
1068:
922:
912:
902:
890:
884:
657:
4533:Proceedings of the Harvard Celtic Colloquium
4214:
3680:
3564:
3519:
3453:
3368:
3341:
3286:
3230:
3213:
3134:
2853:Telegrin, D. Ya.; Mallory, James P. (1994).
2691:
2659:
2498:Creation Myths of the World: An Encyclopedia
2081:
1828:'King Yama', a name possibly cognate to the
1560:
669:From the name of the sacrificed First King *
4072:
4049:
2903:. Vol. I. R. Trofenik. pp. 27–33.
2878:Tirta, Mark (2004). Bezhani, Petrit (ed.).
1430:
1162:). Descendent cognates can be found in the
1008:
990:
758:
740:
434:('serpent'; and the Indo-European root for
4837:
4823:
4606:
4592:
4548:
4193:
2188:
1992:has been tentatively connected to numeral
1137:; and perhaps in the Slavic mythical hero
776:('twin') are also linguistically related.
4613:
4549:Sańko, Siarhiej; Shota, Aliaksej (2012).
4491:https://doi.org/10.1163/9789004293908_003
4363:Borders. Itineraries on the Edges of Iran
4303:Borders. Itineraries on the Edges of Iran
4149:
4017:
3631:
3399:
2716:
2515:
2242:
2107:
1498:. He is the brother (or half-brother) of
472:
3613:
3426:
3163:
2467:
2439:
1671:figure Spityura. In another myth of the
1547:After a religious transformation led by
1534:
1454:
570:
476:
397:
371:there was, but grass nowhere ..." (
4535:9 (1989): 6-8. Accessed March 4, 2021.
4431:
4425:
4246:
4131:
3940:
3928:
3896:
3881:
3869:
3822:
3807:
3763:
3751:
3736:
3724:
3712:
3700:
3688:
3676:
3614:Bilaniuk, Petro B. T. (December 1988).
3584:
3572:
3556:
3531:
3507:
3492:
3477:
3411:
3387:
3353:
3329:
3290:
3254:
3234:
3192:
3104:
3087:
3056:
2907:
2896:
2828:
2744:
2723:Etymological Dictionary of Proto-Celtic
2633:
2608:
2571:
2539:
2491:
2410:
2393:La religion cosmique des Indo-Européens
2340:
2319:
2291:
2266:
2216:
2056:
1836:'god of the dead'. He is also known as
1768:that lived "beneath the plowed field".
677:, god of death and the underworld; the
133:question marks, boxes, or other symbols
27:Actors in Proto-Indo-European mythology
14:
5076:
4432:Minahan, James B. (10 February 2014).
4081:
4039:
3962:
3780:
3646:
3560:
3543:
3441:
3314:
3282:
3269:
3250:
3226:
3119:
2995:The Origins of the World's Mythologies
2988:
2963:
2800:
2772:
2386:
2160:
2132:
602:
4818:
4587:
4514:Puhvel, Jaan. "Remus Et Frater". In:
4270:
4164:
4102:
2882:(in Albanian). Tirana: Mësonjëtorja.
2877:
2670:Encyclopedia of Indo-European Culture
484:sucking the milk of the primeval cow
4537:http://www.jstor.org/stable/20557203
3913:
3834:
3795:
3684:
3601:
3568:
3465:
3294:
3238:
3151:
3016:
2935:
1203:) of the myth of the First Warrior.
29:
4520:http://www.jstor.org/stable/1061928
4273:"Some gods of Pre-Islamic Nuristan"
2470:"History of Armenia: Chapter XXXIV"
666:high priest of the 9th century AD.
24:
4400:http://www.jstor.org/stable/617315
2346:Indo-European Language and Culture
2195:Indo-European Language and Society
1791:Persepolis Administrative Archives
1602:. Invoked in funeral hymns of the
1598:, as the son of the solar deity, *
1480:
1117:; 'third saviour'), an epithet of
1034:
653:; and the Persian Manūščihr (from
542:
456:
168:are thought to have been a duo in
67:for transliterated languages, and
47:of its non-English content, using
25:
5115:
4503:The American Journal of Philology
4277:Revue de l'histoire des religions
4008:58: 21. 10.7592/MT2014.58.vainik.
1892:). The former was deified as god
1659:receives the part of the Priest,
1648:, who makes mention of it in the
1579:, and it has been proposed that *
1042:stemming from the First Warrior *
264:
4250:Persepolis Fortification Tablets
4197:Journal of Indo-European Studies
3019:Journal of Indo-European Studies
2861:Journal of Indo-European Studies
2139:Etymological Dictionary of Greek
1565:. Manūščihr is described in the
607:
417:
328:
109:
34:
4569:
4542:
4525:
4508:
4495:
4479:
4405:
4388:
4375:
4355:
4335:
4315:
4295:
4271:Allen, Nicholas Justin (1991).
4264:
4240:
4208:
4187:
4158:
4125:
4096:
4033:
4011:
3998:
3985:
3956:
3946:
3828:
3669:
3640:
3607:
3549:
3275:
3219:
2645:. London: Thames & Hudson.
2641:In Search of the Indo-Europeans
2252:(in French). Editions Errance.
2049:
2010:
1981:
1475:
4138:Electronic Journal of Folklore
3837:"Indo-Aryan Inherited Lexicon"
3171:. Delhi: Ajanta Publications.
3157:
2812:Johns Hopkins University Press
2374:(1995). Winter, Werner (ed.).
2303:Johns Hopkins University Press
2038:, may ultimately derive from *
1488:('Man, human') appears in the
575:Ancient Roman relief from the
83:multilingual support templates
18:Manu (Indo European Mythology)
13:
1:
5089:Proto-Indo-European mythology
4846:Proto-Indo-European mythology
4577:(дата обращения: 03.03.2021).
3039:
2942:Indo-European Poetry and Myth
2020:suggests that a figure named
1954:Proto-Indo-European mythology
1913:related pair, possibly named
763:('twin', cf. the zodiac sign
247:in a single ancestral motif.
170:Proto-Indo-European mythology
123:Proto-Indo-European phonology
4247:Hallock, Richard T. (1969).
3620:Ultimate Reality and Meaning
2224:. Cambridge, Massachusetts:
2016:On a related note, academic
1440:
1423:
1414:
1123:
1107:
1050:('Third') include the Vedic
649:), mythical ancestor of the
583:being suckled by a she-wolf.
7:
4258:University of Chicago Press
4167:A History of Zoroastrianism
4151:10.7592/FEJF2019.76.limerov
2617:University of Chicago Press
2468:Kurkjian, Vahan M. (1958).
2116:University of Chicago Press
2003:
1942:
1876:Linguist and comparativist
1824:is thought to derive from *
1709:
1343:
1334:
1324:
1306:
1298:
1290:
1280:
1176:
1167:
1082:
1075:
1069:
1060:
1052:
923:
913:
903:
891:
885:
706:), ancestor of the giants (
658:
253:
10:
5120:
5028:Indo European Weapon Cults
4776:Wurugag and Waramurungundi
4224:Cambridge University Press
4085:Studia Mythologica Slavica
3249:are debated. According to
2967:Language in Time and Space
2108:Arvidsson, Stefan (2006).
2065:Princeton University Press
2057:Anthony, David W. (2007).
1901:
1728:records a fertility deity
1718:. The Greek, Old Russian (
1539:The Iranian mythical king
1258:
1244:
1232:
1157:
1149:
1129:
1113:
1100:
1090:
1045:
823:
812:
673:('Twin') derive the Indic
618:
595:. The Greek, Old Russian (
532:
529:) with the Mother Earth (*
522:
448:
429:
356:
348:
340:
337:involving twin brothers, *
316:
308:
257:
227:
204:
196:
188:
174:
162:
152:
4995:
4959:
4852:
4621:
4557:(in Polish) (22): 167–168
4107:. New York & Oxford:
3993:Journal of Baltic Studies
3653:John Benjamins Publishing
3169:Vedic mythological tracts
2880:Mitologjia ndër shqiptarë
2838:. London: Jonathan Cape.
2784:John Benjamins Publishing
2522:Homage to Georges Dumézil
2501:. Vol. 1. ABC-CLIO.
2425:10.1163/15685270252772777
2320:Dumézil, Georges (1986).
2200:University of Miami Press
2172:John Benjamins Publishing
1771:Later Iranian tradition (
1663:that of the Warrior, and
1640:In pre-Zoroastrian Iran,
631:, legendary first man in
579:showing the infant twins
566:
139:combining characters and
5104:LGBT themes in mythology
5018:Trifunctional hypothesis
4474:by the Nuristani tribes.
4105:The Faces of the Goddess
3963:Lurker, Manfred (2004).
3681:Mallory & Adams 2006
3565:Mallory & Adams 2006
3520:Mallory & Adams 1997
3454:Mallory & Adams 1997
3369:Mallory & Adams 1997
3342:Mallory & Adams 2006
3287:Mallory & Adams 2006
3231:Mallory & Adams 2006
3214:Mallory & Adams 2006
3135:Mallory & Adams 1997
2326:(in French). Gallimard.
2226:Harvard University Press
1974:
1809:'majestic Yama', modern
1716:Indo-European migrations
784:) of the creation myth.
757:('double fruit'), Latin
593:Indo-European migrations
5013:Indo-European cosmogony
4132:Limerov, Pavel (2019).
4109:Oxford University Press
4054:" series. Vol. 7.
3165:Dandekar, Ramchandra N.
3000:Oxford University Press
2964:Winter, Werner (2003).
2947:Oxford University Press
2919:Oxford University Press
2756:Oxford University Press
2700:Oxford University Press
2609:Lincoln, Bruce (1991).
2042:'the divine man, hero'.
2024:, attested in the poem
1994:
1988:
1949:Indo-European cosmogony
1754:cites the existence of
1571:as the ancestor of all
1397:
1384:
1374:
1356:
1190:
1184:, both descending from
1139:
1002:
964:
954:
943:
772:
731:
724:
709:
702:
645:
577:Cathedral of Maria Saal
377:), "... there was
333:Lincoln reconstructs a
260:Indo-European cosmogony
4466:god Yama Raja, called
4216:Bhattacharji, Sukumari
4056:University of Helsinki
4050:
2368:Gamkrelidze, Thomas V.
2267:Derksen, Rick (2008).
1760:
1743:'in pairs, twice' and
1561:
1544:
1431:
1096:('Third'), one of the
1009:
991:
759:
741:
584:
491:
473:Primeval hermaphrodite
414:
405:, an Indic reflex of *
5053:War of the foundation
4615:Legendary progenitors
4289:10.3406/rhr.1991.1679
4103:Mottz, Lotte (1997).
4051:Uralica Helsingiensia
3835:Lubotsky, Alexander.
3633:10.3138/uram.11.4.247
2807:Comparative Mythology
2478:University of Chicago
1720:Poem on the Dove King
1538:
1455:Comparative mythology
1214:Three-headed serpent
747:Roman foundation myth
699:(from Proto-Germanic
597:Poem on the Dove King
574:
480:
401:
4516:History of Religions
4165:Boyce, Mary (1996).
4027:University of Zagreb
3293:, pp. 134–135.
3289:, pp. 435–436;
3285:, pp. 285–287;
3237:, pp. 134–135.
3233:, pp. 435–436;
3229:, pp. 285–287;
2574:History of Religions
2545:History of Religions
2396:(in French). Archè.
2372:Ivanov, Vjaceslav V.
2350:Blackwell Publishing
2342:Fortson, Benjamin W.
2162:Beekes, Robert S. P.
2134:Beekes, Robert S. P.
1575:('High Priests') of
1568:Greater Bun-dahišnīh
1225:Proto-Indo-European
806:Proto-Indo-European
749:by his twin brother
688:and guardian of the
651:West Germanic tribes
385:at first, and broad
183:comparative analysis
45:specify the language
43:This article should
5099:Reconstructed words
4742:Mashya and Mashyana
4260:. pp. 771–772.
3943:, pp. 131–132.
3916:, pp. 357–358.
3899:, pp. 129–130.
3810:, pp. 133–134.
3766:, pp. 134–135.
3715:, pp. 142–143.
3626:(4): 254, 258–259.
3534:, pp. 134–136.
3468:, pp. 356–357.
3216:, pp. 435–436.
3137:, pp. 129–130.
3122:, pp. 285–289.
3090:, pp. 134–135.
2517:Littleton, C. Scott
1842:Nuristani languages
1204:
785:
714:); and most likely
662:, 'son of Manuš'),
603:Linguistic evidence
548:indeed recalls the
381:and Night and dark
119:Proto-Indo-European
4058:. pp. 59–60.
3857:(online database).
3480:, pp. 58, 62.
1851:, Kalash (Urtsun)
1635:sexual intercourse
1545:
1525:Śatapatha Brāhmana
1198:
1186:Proto-Indo-Iranian
779:
585:
492:
415:
297:and their brother
5071:
5070:
5063:Ends of the Earth
4812:
4811:
4702:Qais Abdur Rashid
4462:the Creator, the
4371:978-88-6969-100-3
4351:978-0-19-022690-9
4311:978-88-6969-100-3
4233:978-0-521-05382-2
4180:978-90-04043-19-0
4065:978-952-5667-67-7
3978:978-04-15340-18-2
3872:, pp. 32–33.
3845:Leiden University
3587:, pp. 47–48.
3390:, pp. 63–64.
3195:, pp. 42–43.
3009:978-0-19-981285-1
2981:978-3-11-017648-3
2972:Walter de Gruyter
2956:978-0-19-928075-9
2928:978-0-19-514413-0
2845:978-0-521-35432-5
2821:978-0-8018-3938-2
2793:978-90-272-7946-0
2709:978-0-19-929668-2
2684:978-1-884964-98-5
2665:Adams, Douglas Q.
2661:Mallory, James P.
2652:978-0-500-27616-7
2635:Mallory, James P.
2493:Leeming, David A.
2451:Walter de Gruyter
2446:Selected Writings
2403:978-2-251-35352-4
2380:Mouton de Gruyter
2333:978-2-07-026961-7
2312:978-0-8018-5482-8
2244:Delamarre, Xavier
2209:978-0-87024-250-2
2190:Benveniste, Emile
2153:978-90-04-32186-1
2100:978-1-78925-273-6
1959:Romulus and Remus
1736:, and related to
1675:, the primal man
1452:
1451:
1032:
1031:
982:and his brothers
745:), killed in the
581:Romulus and Remus
129:rendering support
105:
104:
85:may also be used.
16:(Redirected from
5111:
4862:
4839:
4832:
4825:
4816:
4815:
4756:Tibetan Buddhism
4608:
4601:
4594:
4585:
4584:
4579:
4573:
4567:
4566:
4564:
4562:
4546:
4540:
4529:
4523:
4512:
4506:
4499:
4493:
4483:
4477:
4476:
4458:
4456:
4429:
4423:
4409:
4403:
4392:
4386:
4379:
4373:
4359:
4353:
4339:
4333:
4319:
4313:
4299:
4293:
4292:
4268:
4262:
4261:
4255:
4244:
4238:
4237:
4212:
4206:
4205:
4191:
4185:
4184:
4162:
4156:
4155:
4153:
4129:
4123:
4122:
4100:
4094:
4093:
4079:
4070:
4069:
4053:
4037:
4031:
4030:
4019:Matasović, Ranko
4015:
4009:
4002:
3996:
3989:
3983:
3982:
3960:
3954:
3950:
3944:
3938:
3932:
3926:
3917:
3911:
3900:
3894:
3885:
3879:
3873:
3867:
3858:
3848:
3832:
3826:
3820:
3811:
3805:
3799:
3793:
3784:
3778:
3767:
3761:
3755:
3749:
3740:
3734:
3728:
3722:
3716:
3710:
3704:
3698:
3692:
3673:
3667:
3666:
3644:
3638:
3637:
3635:
3611:
3605:
3599:
3588:
3582:
3576:
3553:
3547:
3541:
3535:
3529:
3523:
3517:
3511:
3505:
3496:
3490:
3481:
3475:
3469:
3463:
3457:
3451:
3445:
3439:
3430:
3424:
3415:
3409:
3403:
3397:
3391:
3385:
3372:
3366:
3357:
3351:
3345:
3339:
3333:
3327:
3318:
3312:
3306:
3279:
3273:
3267:
3258:
3223:
3217:
3211:
3196:
3190:
3181:
3180:
3161:
3155:
3149:
3138:
3132:
3123:
3117:
3108:
3102:
3091:
3085:
3060:
3054:
3034:
3025:(1–2): 153–172.
3013:
2985:
2960:
2932:
2909:Watkins, Calvert
2904:
2893:
2874:
2849:
2825:
2797:
2774:Polomé, Edgar C.
2769:
2741:
2718:Matasović, Ranko
2713:
2688:
2656:
2644:
2630:
2605:
2568:
2536:
2512:
2488:
2486:
2484:
2464:
2436:
2407:
2383:
2363:
2337:
2316:
2293:Dumézil, Georges
2288:
2263:
2239:
2213:
2185:
2157:
2129:
2104:
2078:
2043:
2014:
2008:
2006:
1997:
1991:
1985:
1904:
1903:
1816:Nuristani deity
1763:
1726:Baltic mythology
1617:in the epic and
1564:
1445:
1436:
1428:
1419:
1402:
1389:
1379:
1361:
1351:
1337:
1329:
1311:
1301:
1295:
1285:
1265:
1264:
1247:
1246:
1235:
1234:
1205:
1197:
1193:
1179:
1170:
1160:
1159:
1152:
1151:
1142:
1132:
1131:
1126:
1116:
1115:
1110:
1103:
1102:
1095:
1094:
1088:; and the Norse
1087:
1078:
1072:
1065:
1057:
1048:
1047:
1014:
1005:
996:
972:Primordial cow (
969:
959:
948:
928:
918:
910:
899:
888:
826:
825:
815:
814:
786:
778:
775:
762:
744:
734:
727:
712:
705:
661:
648:
621:
620:
537:
536:
527:
526:
451:
450:
432:
431:
359:
358:
351:
350:
343:
342:
319:
318:
311:
310:
289:, and, in part,
287:David W. Anthony
283:Douglas Q. Adams
230:
229:
207:
206:
199:
198:
191:
190:
177:
176:
165:
164:
155:
154:
135: instead of
113:
112:
100:
97:
91:
76:
70:
66:
60:
56:
50:
38:
37:
30:
21:
5119:
5118:
5114:
5113:
5112:
5110:
5109:
5108:
5074:
5073:
5072:
5067:
5058:King and virgin
5048:Binding of evil
5023:Threefold death
5008:Horse sacrifice
4991:
4955:
4856:
4848:
4843:
4813:
4808:
4730:Norse mythology
4720:Greek mythology
4617:
4612:
4582:
4574:
4570:
4560:
4558:
4547:
4543:
4530:
4526:
4513:
4509:
4500:
4496:
4484:
4480:
4454:
4452:
4450:
4442:. p. 205.
4430:
4426:
4413:Acta Orientalia
4410:
4406:
4393:
4389:
4383:Arts asiatiques
4380:
4376:
4360:
4356:
4341:Parpola, Asko.
4340:
4336:
4323:Acta Orientalia
4320:
4316:
4300:
4296:
4269:
4265:
4253:
4245:
4241:
4234:
4213:
4209:
4204:(1 & 2): 4.
4192:
4188:
4181:
4163:
4159:
4130:
4126:
4119:
4101:
4097:
4080:
4073:
4066:
4038:
4034:
4016:
4012:
4003:
3999:
3990:
3986:
3979:
3961:
3957:
3951:
3947:
3939:
3935:
3927:
3920:
3912:
3903:
3895:
3888:
3880:
3876:
3868:
3861:
3833:
3829:
3821:
3814:
3806:
3802:
3794:
3787:
3779:
3770:
3762:
3758:
3750:
3743:
3735:
3731:
3723:
3719:
3711:
3707:
3699:
3695:
3674:
3670:
3663:
3655:. p. 269.
3645:
3641:
3612:
3608:
3600:
3591:
3583:
3579:
3554:
3550:
3542:
3538:
3530:
3526:
3518:
3514:
3506:
3499:
3491:
3484:
3476:
3472:
3464:
3460:
3452:
3448:
3440:
3433:
3425:
3418:
3410:
3406:
3398:
3394:
3386:
3375:
3367:
3360:
3352:
3348:
3340:
3336:
3328:
3321:
3313:
3309:
3280:
3276:
3268:
3261:
3224:
3220:
3212:
3199:
3191:
3184:
3162:
3158:
3150:
3141:
3133:
3126:
3118:
3111:
3103:
3094:
3086:
3063:
3055:
3046:
3042:
3037:
3010:
2990:Witzel, Michael
2982:
2957:
2937:West, Martin L.
2929:
2890:
2871:
2846:
2822:
2794:
2766:
2738:
2710:
2685:
2653:
2627:
2533:
2509:
2482:
2480:
2461:
2441:Jakobson, Roman
2404:
2360:
2334:
2313:
2285:
2260:
2236:
2218:Burkert, Walter
2210:
2182:
2154:
2126:
2101:
2075:
2052:
2047:
2046:
2030:in relation to
2015:
2011:
1986:
1982:
1977:
1945:
1752:Ranko Matasović
1712:
1600:Hui-(H)uas-uant
1483:
1478:
1457:
1393:Three serpents
1262:
1220:Stolen present
1037:
921:Primordial ox (
876:The Vedic gods
831:Primordial cow
610:
605:
569:
545:
543:Interpretations
475:
459:
457:Three Functions
420:
409:, sitting on a
331:
323:Edgar C. Polomé
267:
262:
256:
146:
145:
144:
127:Without proper
114:
110:
101:
95:
92:
86:
74:
68:
64:
62:transliteration
58:
54:
48:
39:
35:
28:
23:
22:
15:
12:
11:
5:
5117:
5107:
5106:
5101:
5096:
5091:
5086:
5069:
5068:
5066:
5065:
5060:
5055:
5050:
5045:
5040:
5038:Death of a son
5035:
5030:
5025:
5020:
5015:
5010:
5005:
4999:
4997:
4993:
4992:
4990:
4989:
4984:
4979:
4974:
4969:
4963:
4961:
4957:
4956:
4954:
4953:
4948:
4943:
4938:
4933:
4928:
4923:
4918:
4913:
4908:
4903:
4898:
4893:
4892:
4891:
4886:
4881:
4871:
4865:
4863:
4850:
4849:
4842:
4841:
4834:
4827:
4819:
4810:
4809:
4807:
4806:
4796:
4786:
4773:
4762:Yellow Emperor
4759:
4749:
4746:Zoroastrianism
4739:
4733:
4723:
4709:
4699:
4689:
4659:
4649:
4643:
4633:
4622:
4619:
4618:
4611:
4610:
4603:
4596:
4588:
4581:
4580:
4568:
4541:
4524:
4507:
4494:
4478:
4448:
4424:
4404:
4387:
4374:
4354:
4334:
4314:
4294:
4283:(2): 141–168.
4263:
4239:
4232:
4226:. p. 93.
4207:
4186:
4179:
4173:. p. 96.
4157:
4124:
4117:
4111:. p. 72.
4095:
4071:
4064:
4032:
4010:
3997:
3984:
3977:
3971:. p. 95.
3955:
3945:
3933:
3918:
3901:
3886:
3884:, p. 133.
3874:
3859:
3849:. See entries
3827:
3825:, p. 136.
3812:
3800:
3798:, p. 357.
3785:
3783:, p. 286.
3768:
3756:
3741:
3739:, p. 134.
3729:
3727:, p. 144.
3717:
3705:
3703:, p. 139.
3693:
3668:
3661:
3639:
3606:
3604:, p. 260.
3589:
3577:
3548:
3546:, p. 289.
3536:
3524:
3522:, p. 367.
3512:
3497:
3495:, p. 125.
3482:
3470:
3458:
3456:, p. 129.
3446:
3431:
3416:
3414:, p. 122.
3404:
3402:, p. 302.
3400:Arvidsson 2006
3392:
3373:
3371:, p. 138.
3358:
3346:
3344:, p. 437.
3334:
3319:
3317:, p. 473.
3307:
3274:
3259:
3218:
3197:
3182:
3156:
3154:, p. 358.
3139:
3124:
3109:
3107:, p. 129.
3092:
3061:
3059:, p. 124.
3043:
3041:
3038:
3036:
3035:
3014:
3008:
2986:
2980:
2961:
2955:
2933:
2927:
2905:
2894:
2888:
2875:
2870:978-0941694452
2869:
2850:
2844:
2830:Renfrew, Colin
2826:
2820:
2798:
2792:
2770:
2764:
2742:
2736:
2714:
2708:
2689:
2683:
2657:
2651:
2631:
2626:978-0226482002
2625:
2606:
2586:10.1086/462755
2569:
2557:10.1086/462739
2551:(2): 121–145.
2541:Lincoln, Bruce
2537:
2531:
2513:
2507:
2489:
2465:
2459:
2437:
2408:
2402:
2384:
2364:
2358:
2338:
2332:
2317:
2311:
2289:
2283:
2264:
2258:
2240:
2234:
2222:Greek Religion
2214:
2208:
2186:
2180:
2158:
2152:
2130:
2124:
2105:
2099:
2079:
2074:978-1400831104
2073:
2053:
2051:
2048:
2045:
2044:
2009:
1979:
1978:
1976:
1973:
1972:
1971:
1966:
1964:Numa Pompilius
1961:
1956:
1951:
1944:
1941:
1766:chthonic deity
1711:
1708:
1673:Younger Avesta
1562:par excellence
1482:
1479:
1477:
1474:
1456:
1453:
1450:
1449:
1446:
1437:
1420:
1411:
1407:
1406:
1403:
1394:
1391:
1370:
1366:
1365:
1362:
1352:
1340:
1320:
1316:
1315:
1312:
1303:
1287:
1276:
1272:
1271:
1268:
1260:
1249:
1239:
1226:
1222:
1221:
1218:
1215:
1212:
1211:First warrior
1209:
1196:
1195:
1066:; the Avestan
1036:
1035:Trito and Nghi
1033:
1030:
1029:
1021:
1016:
997:
988:
984:
983:
977:
970:
950:
938:
934:
933:
930:
919:
900:
882:
878:
877:
874:
871:
863:
850:
846:
845:
832:
829:
818:
807:
803:
802:
801:Heavenly gods
799:
796:
793:
790:
684:, king of the
641:Proto-Germanic
609:
606:
604:
601:
568:
565:
560:cattle raiding
544:
541:
474:
471:
458:
455:
419:
416:
330:
327:
291:Martin L. West
266:
265:Reconstruction
263:
258:Main article:
255:
252:
131:, you may see
115:
108:
107:
106:
103:
102:
81:. Knowledge's
42:
40:
33:
26:
9:
6:
4:
3:
2:
5116:
5105:
5102:
5100:
5097:
5095:
5092:
5090:
5087:
5085:
5082:
5081:
5079:
5064:
5061:
5059:
5056:
5054:
5051:
5049:
5046:
5044:
5043:Cycle of Mead
5041:
5039:
5036:
5034:
5031:
5029:
5026:
5024:
5021:
5019:
5016:
5014:
5011:
5009:
5006:
5004:
5001:
5000:
4998:
4994:
4988:
4985:
4983:
4980:
4978:
4975:
4973:
4970:
4968:
4965:
4964:
4962:
4958:
4952:
4949:
4947:
4944:
4942:
4939:
4937:
4934:
4932:
4929:
4927:
4924:
4922:
4921:H₂epom Nepōts
4919:
4917:
4914:
4912:
4909:
4907:
4904:
4902:
4899:
4897:
4894:
4890:
4887:
4885:
4882:
4880:
4877:
4876:
4875:
4872:
4870:
4867:
4866:
4864:
4860:
4855:
4851:
4847:
4840:
4835:
4833:
4828:
4826:
4821:
4820:
4817:
4804:
4800:
4797:
4794:
4790:
4787:
4784:
4781:
4777:
4774:
4771:
4767:
4763:
4760:
4757:
4753:
4752:Nyatri Tsenpo
4750:
4747:
4743:
4740:
4737:
4734:
4731:
4727:
4726:Ask and Embla
4724:
4721:
4717:
4713:
4710:
4707:
4703:
4700:
4697:
4693:
4690:
4687:
4683:
4679:
4675:
4671:
4667:
4663:
4660:
4657:
4656:Indo European
4653:
4652:Manu and Yemo
4650:
4647:
4644:
4641:
4637:
4634:
4631:
4627:
4624:
4623:
4620:
4616:
4609:
4604:
4602:
4597:
4595:
4590:
4589:
4586:
4578:
4572:
4556:
4552:
4545:
4538:
4534:
4528:
4521:
4517:
4511:
4504:
4498:
4492:
4488:
4482:
4475:
4473:
4469:
4465:
4451:
4449:9781610690188
4445:
4441:
4437:
4436:
4428:
4422:
4418:
4414:
4408:
4401:
4397:
4391:
4384:
4378:
4372:
4368:
4364:
4358:
4352:
4348:
4344:
4338:
4332:
4328:
4324:
4318:
4312:
4308:
4304:
4298:
4290:
4286:
4282:
4278:
4274:
4267:
4259:
4252:
4251:
4243:
4235:
4229:
4225:
4221:
4217:
4211:
4203:
4199:
4198:
4190:
4182:
4176:
4172:
4168:
4161:
4152:
4147:
4143:
4139:
4135:
4128:
4120:
4118:0-19-508967-7
4114:
4110:
4106:
4099:
4091:
4087:
4086:
4078:
4076:
4067:
4061:
4057:
4052:
4047:
4043:
4036:
4028:
4024:
4020:
4014:
4007:
4001:
3994:
3988:
3980:
3974:
3970:
3966:
3959:
3949:
3942:
3937:
3931:, p. 38.
3930:
3925:
3923:
3915:
3910:
3908:
3906:
3898:
3893:
3891:
3883:
3878:
3871:
3866:
3864:
3856:
3852:
3846:
3842:
3838:
3831:
3824:
3819:
3817:
3809:
3804:
3797:
3792:
3790:
3782:
3777:
3775:
3773:
3765:
3760:
3754:, p. 27.
3753:
3748:
3746:
3738:
3733:
3726:
3721:
3714:
3709:
3702:
3697:
3690:
3686:
3682:
3678:
3672:
3664:
3662:9789027232526
3658:
3654:
3651:. Amsterdam:
3650:
3643:
3634:
3629:
3625:
3621:
3617:
3610:
3603:
3598:
3596:
3594:
3586:
3581:
3574:
3570:
3566:
3562:
3558:
3552:
3545:
3540:
3533:
3528:
3521:
3516:
3510:, p. 46.
3509:
3504:
3502:
3494:
3489:
3487:
3479:
3474:
3467:
3462:
3455:
3450:
3444:, p. 63.
3443:
3438:
3436:
3428:
3427:Dandekar 1979
3423:
3421:
3413:
3408:
3401:
3396:
3389:
3384:
3382:
3380:
3378:
3370:
3365:
3363:
3356:, p. 58.
3355:
3350:
3343:
3338:
3332:, p. 51.
3331:
3326:
3324:
3316:
3311:
3304:
3300:
3296:
3292:
3288:
3284:
3278:
3271:
3266:
3264:
3256:
3252:
3248:
3244:
3240:
3236:
3232:
3228:
3222:
3215:
3210:
3208:
3206:
3204:
3202:
3194:
3189:
3187:
3178:
3174:
3170:
3166:
3160:
3153:
3148:
3146:
3144:
3136:
3131:
3129:
3121:
3116:
3114:
3106:
3101:
3099:
3097:
3089:
3084:
3082:
3080:
3078:
3076:
3074:
3072:
3070:
3068:
3066:
3058:
3053:
3051:
3049:
3044:
3032:
3028:
3024:
3020:
3015:
3011:
3005:
3001:
2997:
2996:
2991:
2987:
2983:
2977:
2973:
2969:
2968:
2962:
2958:
2952:
2948:
2944:
2943:
2938:
2934:
2930:
2924:
2920:
2916:
2915:
2910:
2906:
2902:
2901:
2895:
2891:
2889:99927-938-9-9
2885:
2881:
2876:
2872:
2866:
2862:
2858:
2857:
2851:
2847:
2841:
2837:
2836:
2831:
2827:
2823:
2817:
2813:
2810:. Baltimore:
2809:
2808:
2803:
2799:
2795:
2789:
2785:
2781:
2780:
2775:
2771:
2767:
2765:9780190226923
2761:
2757:
2753:
2752:
2747:
2746:Parpola, Asko
2743:
2739:
2737:9789004173361
2733:
2729:
2725:
2724:
2719:
2715:
2711:
2705:
2701:
2697:
2696:
2690:
2686:
2680:
2676:
2672:
2671:
2666:
2662:
2658:
2654:
2648:
2643:
2642:
2636:
2632:
2628:
2622:
2618:
2614:
2613:
2607:
2603:
2599:
2595:
2591:
2587:
2583:
2579:
2575:
2570:
2566:
2562:
2558:
2554:
2550:
2546:
2542:
2538:
2534:
2532:9780941694285
2528:
2524:
2523:
2518:
2514:
2510:
2508:9781598841749
2504:
2500:
2499:
2494:
2490:
2479:
2475:
2471:
2466:
2462:
2460:9783110855463
2456:
2452:
2448:
2447:
2442:
2438:
2434:
2430:
2426:
2422:
2419:(1): 61–102.
2418:
2414:
2409:
2405:
2399:
2395:
2394:
2389:
2385:
2381:
2377:
2373:
2369:
2365:
2361:
2359:1-4051-0316-7
2355:
2351:
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2329:
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2318:
2314:
2308:
2304:
2300:
2299:
2294:
2290:
2286:
2284:9789004155046
2280:
2276:
2272:
2271:
2265:
2261:
2259:9782877723695
2255:
2251:
2250:
2245:
2241:
2237:
2235:0-674-36281-0
2231:
2227:
2223:
2219:
2215:
2211:
2205:
2201:
2197:
2196:
2191:
2187:
2183:
2181:9789027211859
2177:
2173:
2169:
2168:
2163:
2159:
2155:
2149:
2145:
2141:
2140:
2135:
2131:
2127:
2125:0-226-02860-7
2121:
2117:
2113:
2112:
2106:
2102:
2096:
2092:
2088:
2087:
2080:
2076:
2070:
2066:
2062:
2061:
2055:
2054:
2041:
2037:
2033:
2029:
2028:
2023:
2019:
2013:
2005:
2001:
1996:
1990:
1984:
1980:
1970:
1967:
1965:
1962:
1960:
1957:
1955:
1952:
1950:
1947:
1946:
1940:
1938:
1934:
1930:
1926:
1922:
1919:('twin') and
1918:
1917:
1912:
1907:
1905:
1897:
1896:
1891:
1887:
1883:
1879:
1874:
1872:
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1865:
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1527:
1526:
1521:
1517:
1513:
1509:
1505:
1501:
1497:
1493:
1492:
1487:
1481:Creation myth
1473:
1471:
1466:
1461:
1447:
1444:
1443:
1438:
1435:
1434:
1427:
1426:
1421:
1418:
1417:
1412:
1410:Graeco-Roman
1409:
1408:
1404:
1401:
1400:
1395:
1392:
1390:
1388:
1387:
1380:
1378:
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1321:
1318:
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1313:
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1300:
1294:
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1288:
1286:
1284:
1283:
1277:
1274:
1273:
1269:
1266:
1254:
1250:
1248:
1240:
1237:
1236:
1227:
1224:
1223:
1219:
1216:
1213:
1210:
1207:
1206:
1202:
1192:
1187:
1183:
1178:
1174:
1169:
1165:
1161:
1153:
1146:
1145:
1144:
1141:
1136:
1125:
1120:
1109:
1104:
1093:
1086:
1085:
1079:
1077:
1071:
1064:
1063:
1056:
1055:
1049:
1041:
1028:
1027:
1022:
1020:
1017:
1013:
1012:
1006:
1004:
998:
995:
994:
989:
986:
985:
981:
978:
975:
971:
968:
967:
960:
958:
957:
951:
949:
947:
946:
939:
936:
935:
931:
927:
926:
920:
917:
916:
909:
908:
907:
901:
898:
897:
895:
887:
883:
880:
879:
875:
872:
869:
868:
864:
862:
861:
856:
855:
851:
848:
847:
844:
840:
836:
833:
830:
827:
819:
816:
808:
805:
804:
800:
798:First mammal
797:
794:
792:First Priest
791:
788:
787:
783:
777:
774:
770:
766:
761:
756:
752:
748:
743:
738:
733:
726:
721:
717:
713:
711:
704:
698:
695:
691:
687:
683:
680:
676:
672:
667:
665:
660:
656:
652:
647:
642:
638:
634:
630:
626:
622:
614:
608:Manu and Yemo
600:
598:
594:
589:
582:
578:
573:
564:
561:
556:
554:
551:
540:
538:
535:
528:
525:
517:
516:
511:
510:
505:
504:hermaphrodite
500:
498:
489:
488:
483:
479:
470:
468:
465:
454:
452:
444:
439:
437:
433:
425:
418:First Warrior
412:
411:water buffalo
408:
404:
400:
396:
394:
393:
388:
384:
380:
376:
375:
370:
366:
365:
360:
352:
345:('Man') and *
344:
336:
335:creation myth
329:Creation myth
326:
324:
320:
312:
304:
300:
296:
295:Abel and Cain
292:
288:
284:
280:
279:J. P. Mallory
276:
272:
271:Bruce Lincoln
261:
251:
248:
246:
242:
241:Bruce Lincoln
238:
233:
231:
223:
219:
215:
210:
208:
200:
193:('Man') and *
192:
184:
179:
171:
167:
166:
157:
156:
142:
138:
134:
130:
126:
124:
120:
99:
89:
84:
80:
73:
63:
53:
46:
41:
32:
31:
19:
5094:Origin myths
5084:Divine twins
4971:
4966:
4884:Mitra-Varuna
4879:Divine twins
4874:Trifunctions
4789:Míl Espáine
4766:Confucianism
4682:Christianity
4571:
4559:. Retrieved
4554:
4544:
4532:
4527:
4515:
4510:
4502:
4497:
4486:
4481:
4471:
4467:
4460:
4453:. Retrieved
4434:
4427:
4412:
4407:
4395:
4390:
4382:
4377:
4362:
4357:
4342:
4337:
4322:
4317:
4302:
4297:
4280:
4276:
4266:
4249:
4242:
4219:
4210:
4201:
4195:
4189:
4166:
4160:
4141:
4137:
4127:
4104:
4098:
4089:
4083:
4045:
4035:
4022:
4013:
4005:
4000:
3992:
3987:
3964:
3958:
3948:
3941:Lincoln 1975
3936:
3929:Lincoln 1991
3897:Lincoln 1975
3882:Lincoln 1975
3877:
3870:Lincoln 1991
3854:
3850:
3840:
3830:
3823:Lincoln 1975
3808:Lincoln 1975
3803:
3764:Lincoln 1975
3759:
3752:Fortson 2004
3737:Lincoln 1975
3732:
3725:Lincoln 1975
3720:
3713:Lincoln 1975
3708:
3701:Lincoln 1975
3696:
3689:Anthony 2007
3677:Lincoln 1976
3671:
3648:
3642:
3623:
3619:
3609:
3585:Lincoln 1976
3580:
3573:Anthony 2007
3557:Lincoln 1975
3551:
3539:
3532:Lincoln 1975
3527:
3515:
3508:Lincoln 1976
3493:Lincoln 1975
3478:Lincoln 1976
3473:
3461:
3449:
3412:Lincoln 1975
3407:
3395:
3388:Lincoln 1976
3354:Lincoln 1976
3349:
3337:
3330:Lincoln 1976
3310:
3305:are debated.
3291:Anthony 2007
3277:
3255:Lincoln 1975
3235:Anthony 2007
3221:
3193:Lincoln 1976
3168:
3159:
3105:Lincoln 1975
3088:Anthony 2007
3057:Lincoln 1975
3022:
3018:
2994:
2966:
2941:
2913:
2899:
2879:
2860:
2855:
2834:
2806:
2802:Puhvel, Jaan
2778:
2750:
2722:
2694:
2669:
2640:
2611:
2580:(1): 42–65.
2577:
2573:
2548:
2544:
2521:
2497:
2481:. Retrieved
2473:
2445:
2416:
2412:
2392:
2388:Haudry, Jean
2375:
2345:
2322:
2297:
2269:
2248:
2221:
2194:
2166:
2138:
2110:
2085:
2059:
2050:Bibliography
2039:
2025:
2021:
2018:John T. Koch
2012:
1983:
1932:
1928:
1920:
1914:
1911:Proto-Baltic
1908:
1899:
1893:
1889:
1885:
1881:
1875:
1870:
1866:
1859:
1852:
1848:
1837:
1833:
1825:
1821:
1815:
1807:Yama-xšaita-
1806:
1798:
1794:
1786:
1784:
1776:
1770:
1755:
1747:
1740:
1733:
1729:
1724:
1719:
1713:
1692:
1688:
1681:Gaya marətan
1680:
1672:
1649:
1639:
1631:advisability
1626:
1603:
1599:
1595:
1592:Indo-Iranian
1589:
1580:
1572:
1566:
1552:
1546:
1523:
1507:
1489:
1484:
1476:Indo-Iranian
1464:
1462:
1458:
1382:
1372:
1345:
1332:
1322:
1278:
1256:
1241:
1230:
1228:
1200:
1155:
1147:
1114:τρίτος σωτήρ
1108:trítos sōtḗr
1043:
1038:
1023:
1018:
999:
952:
940:
905:
893:
873:Manu's bull
865:
858:
853:
843:Divine Twins
820:
809:
781:
769:Middle Irish
754:
670:
668:
616:
611:
596:
590:
586:
557:
553:tripartition
546:
530:
520:
513:
507:
501:
493:
485:
467:tripartition
460:
446:
440:
427:
421:
406:
390:
372:
362:
354:
346:
338:
332:
314:
306:
268:
249:
234:
225:
221:
214:Adam and Eve
211:
202:
194:
186:
180:
160:
159:
150:
149:
147:
116:
93:
79:ISO 639 code
75:}}
69:{{
65:}}
59:{{
55:}}
49:{{
44:
4857: [
3781:Puhvel 1987
3561:Puhvel 1987
3544:Puhvel 1987
3442:Puhvel 1987
3315:Polomé 1986
3283:Puhvel 1987
3270:Polomé 1986
3251:Polomé 1986
3227:Puhvel 1987
3120:Puhvel 1987
2091:Oxbow Books
1933:Szwaybrutto
1929:Wirschaitos
1878:Jaan Puhvel
1803:Old Persian
1699:Zoroastrian
1689:Aŋra Mainyu
1646:Zarathustra
1585:Zoroastrian
1549:Zarathustra
1496:Law of Mánu
1470:pastoralism
1217:Helper god
1130:τριτογήνεια
1124:tritogḗneia
870:, (Manāvī)
795:First King
720:Proto-Latin
664:Zoroastrian
659:Manūš.čiθra
369:Ginnungagap
275:Jaan Puhvel
237:Jaan Puhvel
143:characters.
5078:Categories
5033:Sacrifices
5003:Otherworld
4960:Characters
4780:Australian
4042:Finnicisms
4006:Mäetagused
3851:vivásvant-
3040:References
2970:. Berlin:
2673:. London:
2027:Cad Goddeu
1799:Yamakšedda
1793:, such as
1778:Bundahishn
1704:flood myth
1615:Otherworld
1543:. c. 1522.
1405:Goats (?)
1358:Vr̥traghna
1238:('Third')
1208:Tradition
1173:Indo-Aryan
1084:Aži Dahāka
835:Sky Father
789:Tradition
753:. Latvian
690:Otherworld
686:Golden Age
550:Dumézilian
464:Dumézilian
4987:H₂n̥gʷʰis
4936:Smith God
4916:H1n̥gʷnis
4889:Perkwunos
4803:Georgians
4783:Gunwinggu
4712:Deucalion
4630:Armenians
4455:7 January
4421:0001-6438
4331:0001-6438
3969:Routledge
3914:West 2007
3796:West 2007
3685:West 2007
3602:West 2007
3569:West 2007
3466:West 2007
3303:Thraētona
3295:West 2007
3247:Thraētona
3239:West 2007
3152:West 2007
3031:0092-2323
2675:Routledge
2602:162286120
2565:162101898
2295:(1996) .
2000:Ukrainian
1998:'three',
1937:Prussians
1906:('man').
1869:and Kati
1826:Yama-raja
1785:The name
1750:'twins'.
1665:Kərəsāspa
1661:Thraētona
1369:Germanic
1331:('son of
1326:Thraētona
1253:Storm-god
1098:names of
1076:Thraētona
937:Germanic
839:Storm-god
828:('Twin')
737:influence
497:androgyne
443:Storm-God
392:The Birds
96:June 2021
4982:Ḱérberos
4946:PriHyéh₂
4738:(Uganda)
4648:(German)
4640:Hinduism
4555:Politeja
4440:ABC-CLIO
4218:(1970).
4021:(2018).
3167:(1979).
2992:(2012).
2939:(2007).
2911:(1995).
2832:(1987).
2804:(1987).
2748:(2015).
2720:(2009).
2667:(1997).
2637:(1991).
2495:(2009).
2474:Penelope
2390:(1987).
2344:(2004).
2246:(2003).
2220:(1985).
2192:(1973).
2164:(2011).
2136:(2009).
2040:u̯ironos
2034:goddess
1943:See also
1925:Widewuto
1895:Quirinus
1834:Jim Raza
1738:Sanskrit
1694:Vīdēvdāt
1677:Gayōmart
1587:tribes.
1508:amanuṣāḥ
1504:Vivasvat
1416:Herakles
1319:Iranian
1267:('Man')
1040:Cognates
1026:senators
1019:She-wolf
974:Auðhumla
925:Gōšūrvan
915:Gayōmart
886:Spityura
881:Iranian
817:('Man')
633:Hinduism
613:Cognates
487:Auðumbla
436:negation
387:Tartarus
303:cognates
254:Overview
218:cognates
4926:Pehuson
4911:Dʰéǵʰōm
4906:Meh₁not
4896:H₂éwsōs
4854:Deities
4799:Kartlos
4706:Pashtun
4692:Samaale
4678:Judaism
4674:Abraham
4561:3 March
3953:169–183
3177:6917651
2594:1062296
2483:6 April
2433:3270472
1902:wihₓrós
1888:(from *
1882:Romulus
1846:Waigali
1830:Bangani
1811:Jamshid
1795:Yamakka
1773:Pahlavi
1745:Prakrit
1685:Ahriman
1627:Rigveda
1619:puranic
1605:Rigveda
1557:Ahriman
1491:Rigveda
1448:Cattle
1275:Indian
1270:Cattle
1164:Iranian
993:Rōmulus
849:Indian
760:geminus
751:Romulus
742:Rōmulus
732:Yemonos
703:Jumijaz
679:Avestan
655:Avestan
534:Dʰéǵʰōm
490:. 1790.
426:named *
424:serpent
374:Völuspá
364:Rigveda
137:Unicode
88:See why
4996:Motifs
4951:Welnos
4941:Deh₂nu
4901:Seh₂ul
4859:simple
4770:Taoism
4716:Pyrrha
4696:Somali
4646:Mannus
4446:
4419:
4369:
4349:
4329:
4309:
4230:
4177:
4144:: 34.
4115:
4092:: 109.
4062:
3975:
3855:yamá-
3659:
3175:
3029:
3006:
2978:
2953:
2925:
2886:
2867:
2842:
2818:
2790:
2762:
2734:
2706:
2681:
2649:
2623:
2600:
2592:
2563:
2529:
2505:
2457:
2431:
2400:
2356:
2330:
2309:
2281:
2256:
2232:
2206:
2178:
2150:
2122:
2097:
2071:
2036:Modron
2004:troian
1989:Troyan
1867:yumr'a
1864:Prasun
1857:Ashkun
1849:Yamrai
1832:title
1801:(from
1761:dainas
1756:Jumala
1748:yamala
1741:yamala
1710:Legacy
1669:daiwic
1657:Mithra
1651:Avesta
1623:Puruṣa
1573:Mōpats
1530:Asuras
1520:castes
1516:cosmos
1512:Puruṣa
1442:Helios
1425:Geryon
1364:Women
1348:Dahāka
1335:Thrita
1201:italic
1140:Troyan
1135:Athena
1121:, and
1070:Thrita
987:Roman
966:Tuisto
945:Mannus
860:Puruṣa
782:italic
767:) and
765:Gemini
718:(from
710:jötnar
692:; the
646:Manwaz
637:Mannus
567:Legacy
515:Tuisto
383:Erebos
197:YémHos
4977:Trito
4931:Fates
4869:Dyēus
4861:]
4793:Irish
4736:Kintu
4686:Islam
4666:Enoch
4468:imr'o
4464:Hindu
4254:(PDF)
4171:Brill
3675:See:
3555:See:
3299:Trita
3281:See:
3243:Trita
3225:See:
2728:Brill
2598:S2CID
2590:JSTOR
2561:S2CID
2429:JSTOR
2413:Numen
2275:Brill
2144:Brill
2032:Welsh
2022:Euron
1975:Notes
1969:Trito
1921:Viras
1916:Jumis
1890:Yemos
1886:Remus
1871:im'ro
1860:im'ra
1853:imbro
1730:Jumis
1596:YamHa
1581:Manuš
1553:Manuš
1433:Cācus
1386:Hymir
1376:Þriði
1314:Cows
1308:Indra
1292:Vṛtrá
1282:Trita
1233:Trito
1191:aj'hi
1189:*
1182:Vṛtrá
1101:Óðinn
1092:Þriði
1062:Vṛtrá
1054:Trita
1046:Trito
1011:Remus
1003:Yemos
1001:*
980:Óðinn
963:*
942:*
894:Manūš
773:emuin
755:jumis
730:*
725:Yemos
723:*
716:Remus
701:*
694:Norse
644:*
524:Dyēus
449:H₂ner
379:Chasm
357:Trito
349:Yemo-
341:Manu-
313:and *
245:Trito
228:Yemo-
224:and *
205:Trito
189:Mónus
158:and *
141:Latin
4972:Yemo
4967:Manu
4768:and
4714:and
4670:Noah
4662:Adam
4636:Manu
4626:Hayk
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