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637:) and palaces, almost all of them several centuries old. Most buildings have acquired a neoclassical look over time, but the basic structures are older and can be seen in their doorways, architectural details and interiors. Vast medieval cellars of the buildings are used as pubs, restaurants and cabarets. The square is lined with many restaurants and cafes. One of the most renowned,
745:. There are passages linking some of the basements, such as the one linking the Town Hall Tower with the Cloth Hall. The Hall itself has a little-known underground trading hall, 100 meters wide (328 ft) and 5 meters high (16.4 ft). Near Sienna Street there is another underground hall (
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is two times larger. The
Project for Public Spaces (PPS) lists the square as the best public space in Europe due to its lively street life, and it was a major factor in the inclusion of Kraków as one of the top off-the-beaten-path destinations in the world in 2016.
320:. The Main Square was designed in its current state with each side repeating a pattern of three, evenly spaced streets set at right angles to the square. The exception is Grodzka Street which is much older and connects the Main Square with the
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In addition to its original merchant functions the Main Square witnessed many historical events, and it was used to stage public executions of prisoners held in the city's Town Hall. It was a place of regal ceremonies as part of the
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is deeply rooted in colorful traditions with the Main Square remaining most lively and crowded year-round. Like other notable old-town squares, Main Market Square in Kraków is also known for its large population of
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style by
Giovani il Mosca from Padua. The arcades were added in the 19th century. The ground floor is continually used for commerce with its many souvenir shops and cafés; upstairs houses the Gallery of the
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657:'s restaurant, remembered for the great feast of 1364 which, according to the legend, lasted for twenty one days and helped to reach a consensus between the monarchs of Europe.
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Among the square's landmarks is the cloth hall, which was originally designed in the 14th century as a center for cloth trade. It was gutted by fire in 1555 and rebuilt in the
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Originally the market square consisted of more structures that were crucial to the economy and political life of the city and thus created a microcosm of the city. The
715:, which both existed until the 19th century. The foundations of the weigh houses were excavated in the early 21st century and incorporated into an underground museum.
653:, above. Among the many tourism-oriented venues there is also the International Centre of Culture. Probably the most famous of the oldest establishments is the
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built in the 14th century on the ruins of an earlier church destroyed by the Tartar raids of 1241. In the vicinity of the Market Square one can listen to the
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was destroyed along with historical commemorative plaques taken from buildings at the square. After the war, the monument was reconstructed.
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Since its creation, the level of the Market Square has raised, in some places by over 5 metres (16 ft). Underneath there are large
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movement. In 2013 Lonely Planet travel guides rated Kraków's Main Market Square as the most beautiful in the world.
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existed since the medieval era and was destroyed in the 19th century. Also standing next to the Cloth Hall was the
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in 1241, the Main Square was rebuilt in 1257 and its commercial role expanded with the
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war crime. Also, the Main Square was central in staging mass demonstrations of the
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Through the Back Door: The Travel Skills Handbook
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Project for Public Spaces PPS website; "Making Places", December 2005.
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The Main Square is a square space surrounded by historic townhouses (
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Jews traded on the square as early as the 15th century. During the
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decorated with carved masks. On one side of the cloth hall is the
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and the city flourished as an important
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were piled up as a symbol of regained independence in 1918.
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that filled nearly a quarter of the square. Kraków was the
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Antoni Hawełka biography at the restaurant history page
1022:"Kraków among the most interesting cities in the world"
1067:
Finding Your Jewish Roots in
Galicia: A Resource Guide
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Prague: The Crown of
Bohemia 1347 - 1437 (Google-book)
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The Main Square is surrounded by old brick buildings (
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Large public space in the Old Town of Kraków, Poland
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Steane, John: The
Archeology of Power (Google-book)
851:party in Poland. Every year on Christmas Eve, the
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726:. Many cellars are now transformed into pubs and
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948:Fallen: My Travels in Ireland and Eastern Europe
368:taking the oath at the Rynek. 1797 painting by
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316:location of the city by the prince of Kraków,
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388:. In 1364 King Casimir held the Pan-European
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1069:. Teaneck, New Jersey: Avotaynu. p. 4.
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839:celebrations, Festival of Military Bands,
42:Main Square as seen from the tower of the
917:. Avalon Travel Publishing. p. 496.
811:Learn how and when to remove this message
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272:). Kraków Main Square does not have a
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1494:Museum of the History of Photography
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793:adding citations to reliable sources
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463:Polish–Lithuanian Commonwealth
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1612:Tourist attractions in Kraków
1504:John Paul II Cathedral Museum
1484:Ethnographic Museum of Kraków
1469:Archdiocesal Museum in Kraków
945:Brian Walters (1 July 2004).
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1046:"The Rynek and its Environs"
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1005:The World's Best Squares.
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1274:Łagiewniki-Borek Fałęcki
1099:"Mordercom katyńskim..."
1065:Wynne, Suzan F. (1998).
1011:Retrieved June 29, 2013.
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853:Adam Mickiewicz Monument
698:Adam Mickiewicz Monument
586:The Main Square (in red)
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258:Adam Mickiewicz Monument
56:Adam Mickiewicz Monument
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1479:Museum of the Armed Act
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1322:Wzgórza Krzesławickie
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150:50.06167°N 19.93722°E
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911:Rick Steves (2005).
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924:978-1-56691-721-6
877:Culture of Kraków
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1138:. Retrieved
1136:. 2016-10-25
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1026:. Retrieved
1024:. 2016-11-10
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913:
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865:rock pigeons
857:
828:
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801:October 2018
798:
787:Please help
782:verification
779:
747:Kramy Bogate
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734:and a small
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1378:Attractions
1262:Zwierzyniec
1174:Google Maps
1134:Krakow.wiki
728:restaurants
662:Renaissance
416:). In 1514
299:Jan Matejko
297:painted by
238:Renaissance
169:Main Square
153: /
129:Coordinates
64:Native name
31:Main Square
1602:1257 works
1596:Categories
1406:Sukiennice
1280:Swoszowice
1232:Grzegórzki
1140:2019-04-26
1104:2009-10-08
1102:Retrieved
1051:2009-10-08
1028:2016-11-11
898:References
835:Festival,
679:Wit Stwosz
610:Royal Road
572:Solidarity
418:Lithuanian
378:Royal Road
366:Kościuszko
340:Cloth Hall
264:towers of
234:Sukiennice
230:Cloth Hall
141:19°56′14″E
48:Cloth Hall
1391:Kazimierz
1354:Kazimierz
1328:Nowa Huta
1316:Bieńczyce
1256:Bronowice
1250:Krowodrza
1218:Districts
964:April 21,
930:April 21,
732:Maszkaron
720:basements
673:with its
655:Wierzynek
639:Pod Palmą
634:kamienica
596:Pod Palmą
564:communist
560:Home Army
396:paid the
344:town hall
274:town hall
256:and 1898
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183:) of the
138:50°3′42″N
1564:Timeline
1339:Old Town
1298:Podgórze
1085:39045032
871:See also
837:Lajkonik
711:and the
696:and the
578:Location
538:In 1978
531:and the
498:Austrian
482:pictured
467:Warszawa
414:pictured
342:and the
226:churches
200:medieval
185:Old Town
115:Location
96:Medieval
84:Namesake
1556:History
1454:Manggha
1436:Museums
1359:Bielany
1349:Kleparz
1330:(XVIII)
1304:Czyżyny
1268:Dębniki
428:Muscovy
350:of the
348:capital
293:at the
280:History
197:largest
46:, with
1569:Jewish
1324:(XVII)
1300:(XIII)
1270:(VIII)
1210:Kraków
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955:
921:
753:Events
739:museum
690:heynal
686:church
647:Vienna
540:UNESCO
502:Ratusz
471:Warsaw
337:Gothic
262:Gothic
224:) and
212:Prague
206:, but
204:Europe
189:Kraków
173:Polish
123:Poland
76:Polish
72:
1386:Wawel
1344:Wawel
1318:(XVI)
1306:(XIV)
1294:(XII)
1264:(VII)
1240:(III)
893:Notes
675:Altar
568:Katyn
87:Rynek
1312:(XV)
1288:(XI)
1276:(IX)
1258:(VI)
1246:(IV)
1234:(II)
1081:OCLC
1071:ISBN
966:2013
953:ISBN
932:2013
919:ISBN
858:The
681:, a
599:café
421:duke
408:and
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167:The
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1252:(V)
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