482:
vicissitudes of life had become indifferent to me, its disasters innocuous, its brevity illusory – this new sensation having had on me the effect which love has of filling me with a precious essence; or rather this essence was not in me it was me. ... Whence did it come? What did it mean? How could I seize and apprehend it? ... And suddenly the memory revealed itself. The taste was that of the little piece of madeleine which on Sunday mornings at
Combray (because on those mornings I did not go out before mass), when I went to say good morning to her in her bedroom, my aunt Léonie used to give me, dipping it first in her own cup of tea or tisane. The sight of the little madeleine had recalled nothing to my mind before I tasted it. And all from my cup of tea.
119:
443:
2091:
38:
310:
130:
2080:
481:
No sooner had the warm liquid mixed with the crumbs touched my palate than a shudder ran through me and I stopped, intent upon the extraordinary thing that was happening to me. An exquisite pleasure had invaded my senses, something isolated, detached, with no suggestion of its origin. And at once the
468:
with voluntary memory. The latter designates memories retrieved by "intelligence", that is, memories produced by putting conscious effort into remembering events, people, and places. Proust's narrator laments that such memories are inevitably partial, and do not bear the "essence" of the past. The
322:
Several legends are attached to the "invention" of the madeleines. They have tended to center on a female character named
Madeleine who is said to have been in the service of an important character in the history of Lorraine – although there is no consensus over the last name of the cook nor the
425:
In
Commercy, the production at a large scale of madeleines is said to have begun in the 1760s. In addition to being sold at the rail station, thus accelerating their spread through the country, it is likely that the cakes were exported to Paris along with the marmalade from
355:, in Spain: a pilgrim named Madeleine is said to have brought the recipe from France to Compostela, or a cook named Madeleine is said to have offered little cakes in the shape of a shell to the pilgrims passing through Lorraine.
414:), but the commercial success of the madeleine dates back to the early years of the 19th century. Several mentions of the madeleine are made by culinary writers during the Napoleonic era, in particular in the recipe books of
394:
On a pound of flour, you need a pound of butter, eight egg whites & yolks, three fourths of a pound of fine sugar, a half glass of water, a little grated lime, or preserved lemon rind minced very finely, orange blossom
378:
The term madeleine, used to describe a small cake, seems to appear for the first time in France in the middle of the 18th century. In 1758, a French retainer of an Irish
Jacobite refugee in France,
645:
419:
275:-like shape acquired from being baked in pans with shell-shaped depressions. Madeleine-style cookies are popular in a number of culinary traditions.
589:
282:
sponge cake batter is used. The flavour is similar to, but somewhat lighter than, sponge cake. Traditional recipes include very finely ground
351:. Much beloved by the royal family, they quickly conquered the rest of France. Yet other stories have linked the cake with the pilgrimage to
359:
652:
410:
The appearance of the madeleine is indicative of the increasing use of metal molds in
European baking in the 18th century (see also
363:
379:
629:
572:
343:, son-in-law of the duke, charmed by the little cakes prepared by Madeleine Paulmier, named them after her, while his wife,
366:. Avice is said to have invented the Madeleine in the 19th century by baking little cakes in moulds normally reserved for
331:. Others consider that the inventor was named Madeleine Paulmier, who is said to have been a cook in the 18th century for
739:
766:
599:
756:
301:
moulds. After cooking, these are coated in jam and desiccated coconut, and are usually topped with a glacé cherry.
37:
2120:
1280:
800:
323:
identity of the famous character. Some consider that the illustrious patron was 17th-century cardinal and rebel
434:. By the end of the 19th century, the madeleine is considered a staple of the diet of the French bourgeoisie.
693:
133:
20:
470:
358:
Other stories do not give the cake a
Lorraine origin and lay its invention at the feet of pastry chef
283:
990:
894:
1912:
1712:
1403:
452:
352:
619:
562:
122:
2115:
1155:
1025:
1005:
1882:
1687:
1453:
1203:
1193:
1145:
348:
1328:
399:; knead the whole together, & make little cakes, that you will serve iced with sugar.
344:
8:
1697:
1611:
1543:
1448:
975:
879:
793:
1994:
1984:
1498:
1275:
1265:
965:
465:
250:
1218:
1927:
1626:
1571:
1418:
1110:
985:
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84:
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1667:
1538:
1533:
1443:
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1378:
1238:
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1080:
935:
621:
From the Source - France: Authentic
Recipes From the People That Know Them the Best
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195:
163:
1949:
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233:
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1755:
1727:
1601:
1270:
1090:
1010:
955:
889:
786:
336:
297:
British madeleines also use a génoise sponge cake batter but they are baked in
1974:
2109:
2019:
2004:
1765:
1745:
1438:
1260:
1243:
1035:
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819:
461:
324:
118:
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332:
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1353:
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1058:
1030:
1015:
1000:
828:
758:
Dictionnaire de la gourmandise. Pâtisserie, confiserie et autres douceurs
268:
1343:
2064:
2039:
2029:
2014:
1964:
1939:
1897:
1892:
1841:
1796:
1750:
1606:
1596:
1528:
1523:
1488:
1413:
1408:
1388:
1338:
1323:
1233:
1178:
1173:
1165:
1120:
1105:
1053:
995:
970:
930:
866:
856:
427:
382:, was said to prepare "cakes à la Madeleine and other small desserts".
291:
102:
2034:
1333:
1248:
741:
Les soupers de la Cour ou L'art de travailler toutes sortes d'aliments
469:
most famous instance of involuntary memory by Proust is known as the "
411:
403:
Les soupers de la Cour ou L'art de travailler toutes sortes d'aliments
2024:
1877:
1836:
1806:
1782:
1702:
1662:
1621:
1586:
1581:
1553:
1518:
1473:
1458:
1428:
1315:
1223:
1140:
1135:
1070:
1045:
1020:
899:
716:
309:
2054:
2009:
1902:
1887:
1872:
1816:
1722:
1707:
1672:
1657:
1616:
1558:
1513:
1393:
1285:
1253:
1130:
1115:
1100:
1075:
505:
340:
328:
246:
242:
80:
76:
1821:
1591:
679:
Larousse
Gastronomique: The World's Greatest Culinary Encyclopedia
2049:
1999:
1917:
1846:
1717:
1682:
1503:
1433:
1188:
884:
874:
298:
279:
272:
1801:
1363:
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509:
501:
431:
287:
261:
129:
106:
66:
1300:
836:
367:
98:
94:
2079:
1959:
809:
238:
216:
181:
56:
1954:
518:, a similar cake with ground almonds and much more butter
473:", yet there are at least half a dozen other examples in
204:
172:
778:
591:
La grande histoire de la patisserie-confiserie française
717:"Eating à l'Anglaise in Provincial France, 1750–1789"
537:"Madeleine | Define Madeleine at Dictionary.com"
219:
198:
184:
16:
Small sponge cake with a distinctive shell-like shape
210:
207:
178:
175:
213:
201:
169:
166:
617:
347:, introduced them soon afterward to the court in
2107:
754:
556:
554:
794:
624:. Lonely Planet Publications. pp. 116–.
587:
560:
551:
801:
787:
613:
611:
36:
441:
308:
761:. Paris: Robert Laffont. p. 1638.
714:
608:
588:Sender, S.-G.; Derrien, Marcel (2003).
2108:
782:
737:
437:
232:
152:
618:Lonely Planet Food (1 August 2017).
508:version of madeleines, inspired by
13:
14:
2132:
696:. The Food Section. 18 April 2004
2090:
2089:
2078:
561:Alan Davidson (21 August 2014).
373:
362:, who worked in the kitchens of
339:. The story goes that, in 1755,
194:
162:
128:
117:
748:
294:for a pronounced lemony taste.
755:Perrier-Robert, Annie (2012).
731:
715:Merrett, Robert James (1999).
708:
694:"Food News, Recipes, and More"
686:
670:
651:. 7 March 2007. Archived from
638:
581:
529:
335:, duke of Lorraine and exiled
1:
594:. Minerva. pp. 96, 272.
567:. OUP Oxford. pp. 484–.
522:
646:"La Citta Viola (Feb. 2007)"
564:The Oxford Companion to Food
464:uses madeleines to contrast
304:
7:
1329:Kürtőskalács (Chimney cake)
495:
10:
2137:
539:. Dictionary.reference.com
458:Remembrance of Things Past
418:and by famous gastronomer
267:Madeleines are very small
21:Madeleine (disambiguation)
18:
2073:
1865:
1736:
1635:
1552:
1352:
1314:
1164:
1044:
954:
908:
865:
827:
816:
808:
317:
237:) is a traditional small
113:
90:
72:
62:
52:
44:
35:
991:Flourless chocolate cake
895:Smoked salmon cheesecake
682:. Clarkson Potter. 2001.
471:episode of the madeleine
430:and the croquantes from
327:, who owned a castle in
721:Eighteenth-Century Life
234:[pə.titmad.lɛn]
2121:In Search of Lost Time
1713:Portuguese sweet bread
1404:Coffee and walnut cake
493:
489:In Search of Lost Time
475:In Search of Lost Time
453:In Search of Lost Time
447:
407:
314:
1156:Torta alla Monferrina
1026:Molten chocolate cake
1006:German chocolate cake
479:
446:Madeleine ingredients
445:
420:Grimod de la Reynière
385:
312:
150:French pronunciation:
134:Media: Madeleines
1883:Better than sex cake
1688:Date and walnut loaf
1146:Queen Elizabeth cake
123:Cookbook: Madeleines
19:For other uses, see
1612:Spanische Windtorte
1449:Lady Baltimore cake
976:Black Forest gateau
880:Japanese cheesecake
290:. A variation uses
271:with a distinctive
32:
1499:Paper wrapped cake
1266:Prinzregententorte
466:involuntary memory
448:
438:Literary reference
315:
28:
2103:
2102:
1627:Zuger Kirschtorte
1572:Brazo de Mercedes
1419:Frankfurter Kranz
1281:Smith Island cake
1204:Devil's food cake
1111:Jewish apple cake
986:Chocolate brownie
852:Gooey butter cake
631:978-1-78701-090-1
574:978-0-19-104072-6
364:Prince Talleyrand
345:Maria Leszczyńska
154:[mad.lɛn]
142:
141:
45:Alternative names
2128:
2093:
2092:
2083:
2082:
1698:Flies' graveyard
1539:Upside-down cake
1534:Tres leches cake
1444:Hummingbird cake
1384:Buko pandan cake
1379:Boston cream pie
1239:Maria Luisa cake
1184:Buckwheat gateau
803:
796:
789:
780:
779:
773:
772:
752:
746:
745:
735:
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728:
712:
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703:
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690:
684:
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636:
635:
615:
606:
605:
585:
579:
578:
558:
549:
548:
546:
544:
533:
491:
405:, p.282 (1755).
260:in northeastern
236:
229:petite madeleine
226:
225:
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215:
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209:
206:
203:
200:
191:
190:
187:
186:
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171:
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156:
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132:
121:
91:Main ingredients
48:Petite madeleine
40:
33:
31:
27:
2136:
2135:
2131:
2130:
2129:
2127:
2126:
2125:
2106:
2105:
2104:
2099:
2085:Food portal
2077:
2069:
2045:Sweetheart cake
1861:
1812:Marry girl cake
1738:
1732:
1631:
1567:Angel food cake
1556:
1548:
1544:Victoria sponge
1509:Red velvet cake
1479:Marry girl cake
1374:Battenberg cake
1355:
1348:
1310:
1296:Torta Tre Monti
1291:Torta setteveli
1219:Esterházy torte
1160:
1086:Clementine cake
1040:
957:
950:
916:Brazil nut cake
904:
861:
823:
812:
807:
777:
776:
769:
753:
749:
736:
732:
713:
709:
699:
697:
692:
691:
687:
676:
675:
671:
661:
659:
658:on 2 April 2016
655:
648:
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616:
609:
602:
586:
582:
575:
559:
552:
542:
540:
535:
534:
530:
525:
498:
492:
487:Marcel Proust,
486:
456:(also known as
440:
408:
400:
393:
376:
320:
307:
197:
193:
165:
159:
158:
149:
138:
73:Region or state
63:Place of origin
29:
24:
17:
12:
11:
5:
2134:
2124:
2123:
2118:
2101:
2100:
2098:
2097:
2087:
2074:
2071:
2070:
2068:
2067:
2062:
2060:Watergate cake
2057:
2052:
2047:
2042:
2037:
2032:
2027:
2022:
2017:
2012:
2007:
2002:
1997:
1992:
1987:
1982:
1977:
1972:
1967:
1962:
1957:
1952:
1947:
1945:Ice cream cake
1942:
1937:
1936:
1935:
1930:
1920:
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1905:
1900:
1895:
1890:
1885:
1880:
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1859:
1854:
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1844:
1839:
1834:
1829:
1824:
1819:
1814:
1809:
1804:
1799:
1794:
1793:
1792:
1789:Rosca de reyes
1780:
1778:Halloween cake
1775:
1770:
1769:
1768:
1763:
1756:Christmas cake
1753:
1748:
1742:
1740:
1734:
1733:
1731:
1730:
1728:Streuselkuchen
1725:
1720:
1715:
1710:
1705:
1700:
1695:
1690:
1685:
1680:
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1536:
1531:
1526:
1521:
1516:
1511:
1506:
1501:
1496:
1491:
1486:
1484:Misérable cake
1481:
1476:
1471:
1466:
1461:
1456:
1451:
1446:
1441:
1436:
1431:
1426:
1421:
1416:
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1406:
1401:
1396:
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1309:
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1303:
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1288:
1283:
1278:
1273:
1268:
1263:
1258:
1257:
1256:
1251:
1246:
1236:
1231:
1229:Gâteau magique
1226:
1221:
1216:
1211:
1206:
1201:
1196:
1194:Chantilly cake
1191:
1186:
1181:
1176:
1170:
1168:
1162:
1161:
1159:
1158:
1153:
1148:
1143:
1138:
1133:
1128:
1123:
1118:
1113:
1108:
1103:
1098:
1093:
1091:Crema de fruta
1088:
1083:
1078:
1073:
1068:
1067:
1066:
1056:
1050:
1048:
1042:
1041:
1039:
1038:
1033:
1028:
1023:
1018:
1013:
1011:Hedgehog slice
1008:
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983:
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933:
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890:Ube cheesecake
887:
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869:
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854:
849:
847:Gâteau nantais
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824:
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813:
806:
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738:Menon (1755).
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707:
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573:
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416:Antonin Carême
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380:Lord Southwell
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337:King of Poland
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15:
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2023:
2021:
2020:Punschkrapfen
2018:
2016:
2013:
2011:
2008:
2006:
2003:
2001:
1998:
1996:
1995:Pain d'épices
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1991:
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1986:
1983:
1981:
1978:
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1950:Ispanaklı kek
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1779:
1776:
1774:
1771:
1767:
1766:Pan de Pascua
1764:
1762:
1761:Bûche de Noël
1759:
1758:
1757:
1754:
1752:
1749:
1747:
1746:Birthday cake
1744:
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1502:
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1497:
1495:
1492:
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1439:Hot milk cake
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1261:Princess cake
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1244:Cremeschnitte
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1036:Torta caprese
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981:Blackout cake
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946:Pain de Gênes
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820:List of cakes
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462:Marcel Proust
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374:First recipes
371:
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334:
330:
326:
325:Paul de Gondi
313:Madeleine pan
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109:or other nuts
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26:
22:
2116:French cakes
1857:Wedding cake
1827:Pop out cake
1787:
1773:Groom's cake
1693:Easter bread
1678:Chorley cake
1643:Banbury cake
1577:Chiffon cake
1468:
1464:Madeira cake
1424:French Fancy
1276:Sarawak cake
1271:Rainbow cake
1209:Doberge cake
1199:Coconut cake
921:Castagnaccio
842:Banana bread
829:Butter cakes
818:
757:
750:
740:
733:
724:
720:
710:
698:. Retrieved
688:
678:
672:
660:. Retrieved
653:the original
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541:. Retrieved
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409:
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389:
387:
386:
377:
357:
333:Stanislaus I
321:
296:
277:
269:sponge cakes
266:
228:
145:
143:
25:
1990:Ontbijtkoek
1980:Marble cake
1975:Mané pelado
1970:Louise cake
1923:Gingerbread
1913:Coffee cake
1908:Carrot cake
1832:Simnel cake
1653:Bienenstich
1648:Berlingozzo
1636:Yeast cakes
1494:Pandan cake
1214:Dobos torte
1166:Layer cakes
1151:Raisin cake
1126:Mango float
1096:Dundee cake
1081:Cherry cake
1059:Banana cake
1031:Sachertorte
1016:Joffre cake
1001:Garash cake
867:Cheesecakes
727:(2): 84–96.
388:Cakes à la
2110:Categories
2065:Welsh cake
2040:Sugee cake
2030:Ruske kape
2015:Petit four
1965:Lolly cake
1940:Heavy cake
1898:Cake balls
1893:Bulla cake
1842:Stack cake
1797:Kransekake
1751:Buccellato
1607:Sans rival
1597:Mango cake
1554:Foam cakes
1529:Swiss roll
1524:Spice cake
1489:Opera cake
1454:Ladyfinger
1414:Fanta cake
1409:Donauwelle
1389:Bundt cake
1339:Spettekaka
1324:Baumkuchen
1316:Spit cakes
1306:Vínarterta
1234:Liver cake
1179:Bolo fiado
1174:Angel cake
1121:Mango cake
1106:Genoa cake
1064:Bánh chuối
1054:Apple cake
1046:Fruitcakes
996:Fudge cake
971:Batik cake
931:Falculelle
857:Pound cake
523:References
460:), author
428:Bar-le-duc
360:Jean Avice
353:Compostela
349:Versailles
292:lemon zest
286:, usually
30:Madeleines
2025:Rice cake
1878:Beer cake
1837:Soul cake
1807:Love cake
1783:King cake
1739:occasions
1703:Gugelhupf
1668:Campanile
1663:Cacavellu
1622:Yema cake
1587:Kyiv cake
1582:Dacquoise
1519:Shortcake
1474:Mantecada
1469:Madeleine
1459:Lamington
1429:Frog cake
1399:Charlotte
1224:Flan cake
1141:Plum cake
1136:Panpepato
1071:Black bun
1021:Kladdkaka
956:Chocolate
936:Financier
909:Nut cakes
516:Financier
512:influence
506:Malaysian
390:Madeleine
305:Invention
160:English:
146:madeleine
2095:Category
2055:Tiramisu
2010:Parrozzo
1985:Nonnette
1903:Cake pop
1888:Bizcocho
1873:Basbousa
1817:Mooncake
1723:Rum baba
1708:Inuliata
1673:Canestru
1658:Breudher
1617:Ube cake
1559:meringue
1514:Rum cake
1394:Castella
1344:Trdelník
1286:Spekkoek
1254:Tompouce
1131:Panforte
1116:Kornigou
1101:Fig cake
1076:Bolo-rei
966:Amandine
700:20 March
662:20 March
543:20 March
510:European
496:See also
485:—
341:Louis XV
329:Commercy
255:Lorraine
251:communes
247:Liverdun
243:Commercy
85:Lorraine
81:Liverdun
77:Commercy
2050:Teacake
2035:Soufflé
2000:Pancake
1918:Cupcake
1852:Strenna
1847:Stollen
1737:Special
1718:Pandoro
1683:Cozonac
1602:Pavlova
1504:Pionono
1434:Génoise
1369:Bánh bò
1334:Šakotis
1249:Šampita
1189:Cassata
885:Ostkaka
875:Fiadone
412:Canelés
401:Menon,
397:praliné
299:dariole
288:almonds
280:génoise
253:of the
107:almonds
2005:Parkin
1802:Lekach
1364:Bahulu
1354:Sponge
941:Neccio
765:
628:
598:
571:
502:Bahulu
432:Rheims
318:Legend
262:France
258:region
249:, two
127:
67:France
1928:house
1866:Other
1822:Pască
1592:Mamón
1356:cakes
1301:Torte
958:cakes
837:Babka
810:Cakes
656:(PDF)
649:(PDF)
368:aspic
273:shell
241:from
227:) or
99:sugar
95:Flour
1960:Kuih
1557:and
763:ISBN
702:2016
664:2016
626:ISBN
596:ISBN
569:ISBN
545:2016
504:, a
284:nuts
245:and
239:cake
144:The
103:eggs
79:and
57:Cake
53:Type
1955:Kue
1933:man
450:In
192:or
2112::
900:Tu
725:23
723:.
719:.
610:^
553:^
477:.
422:.
370:.
278:A
264:.
217:eɪ
182:eɪ
157:,
105:,
101:,
97:,
83:,
802:e
795:t
788:v
771:.
744:.
704:.
666:.
634:.
604:.
577:.
547:.
231:(
223:/
220:n
214:ˈ
211:l
208:d
205:æ
202:m
199:ˌ
196:/
188:/
185:n
179:l
176:d
173:æ
170:m
167:ˈ
164:/
148:(
23:.
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