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Realist critics such as John
Gledson are more likely to regard Machado's work as a faithful description of Brazilian reality—but one executed with daring innovative technique. In light of Machado's own statements, Daniel argues that Machado's novels represent a growing sophistication and daring in maintaining a dialogue between the aesthetic subjectivism of Romanticism (and its offshoots) and the aesthetic objectivism of Realism-Naturalism. Accordingly, Machado's earlier novels have more in common with a hybrid mid-19th-century current often referred to as "Romantic Realism." In addition, his later novels have more in common with another late 19th-century hybrid: literary Impressionism. Historians such as Sidney Chalhoub argue that Machado's prose constitutes an exposé of the social, political and economic dysfunction of late Imperial Brazil. Critics agree on how he used innovative techniques to reveal the contradictions of his society. Roberto Schwarz points out that Machado's innovations in prose narrative are used to expose the hypocrisies, contradictions, and dysfunction of 19th-century Brazil. Schwarz, argues that Machado inverts many narrative and intellectual conventions to reveal the pernicious ends to which they are used. Thus we see critics reinterpret Machado according to their own designs or their perception of how best to validate him for their own historical moment. Regardless, his incisive prose shines through, able to communicate with readers from different times and places, conveying his ironic and yet tender sense of what we, as human beings, are.
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689:, from a poor family, he was the grandson of freed slaves in a country where slavery would not be fully abolished until 49 years later. He barely studied in public schools and never attended university. With only his own intellect and autodidactism to rely on, he struggled to rise socially. To do so, he took several public positions, passing through the Ministry of Agriculture, Trade and Public Works, and achieving early fame in newspapers where he first published his poetry and chronicles.
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771:. Francisco de Assis met Maria Inês da Silva, and they married in 1854. Joaquim had classes in a school for girls only, thanks to his stepmother who worked there making candies. At night he learned French with an immigrant baker. In his adolescence, he met Francisco de Paulo Brito, who owned a bookstore, a newspaper and typography. On 12 January 1855, Francisco de Paula published the poem
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902:. Machado had a stammer and was extremely shy, short and lean. He was also very intelligent and well learned. He married Carolina on 12 November 1869; although her parents, Miguel and Adelaide, and her siblings disapproved because Machado was of African descent and she was a white woman. They had no children.
878:" to his father: "To the Memory of Francisco José de Assis and Maria Leopoldina Machado de Assis, my Parents." With the Liberal Party's ascension to power about that time, Machado thought he might receive a patronage position that would help him improve his life. To his surprise, aid came from the Emperor
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in 1860. Machado had a passion for theater and wrote several plays for a short time; his friend Bocaiúva concluded: "Your works are meant to be read and not played." He gained some notability and began to sign his writings as J. M. Machado de Assis, the way he would be known for posterity: Machado de
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have tried to describe it since 1897. He is considered by many the greatest
Brazilian writer of all time, and one of the world's greatest novelists and short story writers. His chronicles do not share the same status. His poems are often misunderstood for the use of crude terms, sometimes associated
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and venerated Pedro II, whom he perceived as "a humble, honest, well-learned and patriotic man, who knew how to make of a throne a chair , without diminishing its greatness and respect." When a commission went to the public office where he worked to remove the picture of the former emperor, the shy
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Maria José became
Joaquim's godmother; her brother-in-law, commendator Joaquim Alberto de Sousa da Silveira, was his godfather, and both were paid homage by giving their names to the baby. Machado had a sister who died young. Joaquim studied in a public school, but was not a good student. While
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Critics are divided as to the nature of
Machado de Assis's writing. Some, such as Abel Barros Baptista, classify Machado as a staunch anti-realist, and argue that his writing attacks Realism, aiming to negate the possibility of representation or the existence of a meaningful objective reality.
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His works have been studied by critics in various countries of the world, such as
Giuseppe Alpi (Italy), Lourdes Andreassi (Portugal), Albert Bagby Jr. (US), Abel Barros Baptista (Portugal), Hennio Morgan Birchal (Brazil), Edoardo Bizzarri (Italy), Jean-Michel Massa (France),
1170:("Machado de Assis Commission"), organized by the Brazilian Ministry of Education and Culture, organized and published critical editions of Machado's works, in 15 volumes. His main works have been translated into many languages. Great 20th-century writers such as
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The birth of the
Brazilian republic made Machado become more critical and an observer of the Brazilian society of his time. From then on, he wrote "not only the greatest novels of his time, but the greatest of all time of Brazilian literature." Works such as
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for staying away from politics, especially the cause of abolition. He was also criticized by them for having married a white woman. Machado was caught by surprise with the monarchy overthrown on 15 November 1889. Machado had no sympathy towards
86:, is a useful starting point for translations, but translators must revise errors as necessary and confirm that the translation is accurate, rather than simply copy-pasting machine-translated text into the English Knowledge.
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Vainfas, p. 201: "Machado de Assis, porém, soube definí-lo em rápidos traços: um homem lhano, probo, instruído, patriota, que soube fazer do sólio uma poltrona, sem lhe diminuir a grandeza e a consideração."
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In 1868 Machado met the
Portuguese Carolina Augusta Xavier de Novais, five years older than he was. She was the sister of his colleague Faustino Xavier de Novais, for whom he worked on the magazine
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and also for several other newspapers, but he did not earn much and had a humble life. As he did not live with his father anymore, it was common for him to eat only once a day for lack of money.
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1143:(France), Richard Graham (US), Pierre Hourcade (France), David Jackson (US), G. Reginald Daniel (US), Linda Murphy Kelley (US), John C. Kinnear, Alfred Mac Adam (US), Victor Orban (France),
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Machado's work shaped the realist movement in Brazil. He became known for his wit and his eye-opening critiques of society. Generally considered to be
Machado's greatest works are
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Machado managed to rise in his bureaucratic career, first in the
Agriculture Department. Three years later, he became the head of a section in it. He published two poetry books:
1020:(1908), considered masterpieces, were successes with both critics and the public. In 1893 he published "A Missa do Galo" ("Midnight Mass"), considered his greatest short story.
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His wife
Carolina Novais died on 20 October 1904, after 35 years of a "perfect married life". Feeling depressed and lonely, Machado died on 29 September 1908.
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Students and friends, among them Euclides da Cunha, leave the Academy carrying the coffin of Machado de Assis to the Cemetery St. John the Baptist, 1908.
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His father Francisco de Assis died in 1864. Machado learned of his father's death through acquaintances. He dedicated his compilation of poems called "
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Do not translate text that appears unreliable or low-quality. If possible, verify the text with references provided in the foreign-language article.
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Maria José de Mendonça Barroso Pereira, widow of senator Bento Barroso Pereira, who protected his parents and allowed them to live with her.
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Machado's literary style has inspired many Brazilian writers. His works have been adapted to television, theater, and cinema. In 1975 the
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Although he was opposed to slavery, he never spoke against it in public. He avoided discussing politics. He was criticized by the
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Morro do Livramento. The arrow in the top right corner shows the house where Machado was probably born and spent his childhood.
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Content in this edit is translated from the existing Portuguese Knowledge article at ]; see its history for attribution.
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Assis. He established himself in advanced Liberal Party circles by taking stands in defense of religious freedom and
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helping to serve masses, he met Father Silveira Sarmento, who became his Latin teacher and also a good friend.
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969:), is widely considered a masterpiece. By the end of the 1880s, Machado had gained wide renown as a writer.
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Machado defied them: "The picture got in here by an order and it shall leave only by another order."
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The Craft of an Absolute Winner: Characterization and Narratology in the Novels of Machado de Assis.
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National Press, c. 1880, where Machado de Assis began his services as typographer and proofreader.
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When Joaquim was ten years old, his mother died, and his father took him along as he moved to
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novelist, poet, playwright and short story writer, widely regarded as the greatest writer of
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Good Days!: The Bons Dias! Chronicles of Machado de Assis (1888-1889) — Bilingual Edition.
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New York: Noonday Press (Berkeley: University of California Press, 1966; republished as
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Machado of Brazil, the Life and Times of Machado de Assis, Brazil's Greatest Novelist.
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New York: W.H. Allen, 1957; New York: Farrar, Straus and Giroux, 1992; republished as
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Books of Machado de Assis in Biblioteca Virtual do Estudante de Língua Portuguesa.
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Merquior, José Guilherme (1971). "Machado de Assis e a Prosa Impressionista." In:
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in 1867, and knighted him as an honor. In 1888 Machado was made an officer of the
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Borges, Dain (2016). "Mockery and Piety in Eça de Queirós and Machado de Assis".
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Austin: University of Texas Press (New York: HarperCollins Publishers Ltd, 1987).
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New York: Farrar, Straus & Giroux, 2008; UK: Bloomsbury Publishing, 2008).
1107:'s list of the greatest 100 geniuses of literature, alongside writers such as
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In his works, Machado appeals directly to the reader, breaking the so-called
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writer in Western literature; although, in Brazil, Machado is perceived as a
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Fernandez, Oscar, "Machado de Assis: The Brazilian Master and His Novels",
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Machado's translation originally appeared in serial form in the newspaper
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Around this time, he became a friend of the writer and liberal politician
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Machado de Assis e Joaquim Nabuco: Comentários e Notas à Correspondência.
1603:
1432:
1202:
1183:
1136:
1112:
922:
779:. In the following year, he was hired as typographer's apprentice in the
635:
517:
499:
382:
318:
210:
6417:
918:, in 1875. Their weak reception made him explore other literary genres.
7953:
7904:
7873:
6984:
6623:
6143:
4910:
4229:
4209:
4199:
3848:
3685:
1037:
989:
747:. His parents were Francisco José de Assis, a wall painter, the son of
463:
108:
to the source of your translation. A model attribution edit summary is
1100:, another Brazilian writer. Machado de Assis was included on American
5571:
4900:
4782:
4114:
3833:
1867:
New York: Noonday Press (London: Hogarth Press, 1985; republished as
1704:
3215:
3138:
Complete Works of Machado de Assis – Brazilian Ministry of Education
3137:
2013:
Trio in A-Minor: Five Stories by Machado de Assis—Bilingual Edition.
1218:
5711:
3248:
3244:
948:
424:
1815:
There are several published "Complete Works" of Machado de Assis:
787:, the newspaper's director and also a novelist. There he also met
5383:
4134:
3725:
3194:
26:
2551:. By J. M. Machado de Assis. Trans. William Grossman. New York:
1311:
in 1929 for the Brazilian Academy of Letters in Rio de Janeiro..
775:("Her") written by Joaquim, then 15 years old, in the newspaper
83:
7908:
3828:
3503:
3065:
2930:
De Anchieta a Euclides; Breve História da Literatura Brasileira
2107:
1300:
752:
6434:
3516:
2615:
2536:
Machado de Assis: Estudo Comparativo da Literatura Brasileira
2167:
Berkeley, Los Angeles/London: University of California Press.
2006:
Miss Dollar: Stories by Machado de Assis — Bilingual Edition.
1999:
Ex Cathedra: Stories by Machado de Assis — Bilingual Edition.
1304:
1124:
2804:
Ex Cathedra: Stories by Machado de Assis--Bilingual Edition.
1992:
The Alienist and Other Stories of Nineteenth-century Brazil.
647:. In 1897, he founded and became the first President of the
3784:
3222:"Introduction: Machado de Assis, the Location of an Author"
739:
Joaquim Maria Machado de Assis was born on 21 June 1839 in
2895:
Machado de Assis: Reflections on a Brazilian Master Writer
2058:
President of the Brazilian Academy of Letters (1897–1908).
811:
Francisco Otaviano hired Machado to work on the newspaper
1933:
Berkeley: University of California Press (republished as
1860:
Boston: The Four Seas Company (London: Dodo Press, 2007).
3024:
Taylor, David (2002). "Wry Modernist of Brazil's Past."
3009:. Trans. and intro. John Gledson. Durham: Duke UP, 2001.
815:
as a proofreader in 1858. He continued to write for the
704:("Posthumous Memoirs of Brás Cubas", also translated as
3015:(2001). "Afterlives: The Case of Machado de Assis". In
2690:(1987). Volume 10: "Judô – Mercúrio". Rio de Janeiro:
2165:
Machado de Assis: The Brazilian Master and his Novels.
965:(Posthumous Memoirs of Brás Cubas, also translated as
850:. He was invited by Bocaiúva to work at his newspaper
8040:
João Lustosa da Cunha Paranaguá, Marquis of Paranaguá
1307:, inaugurated in 1998, replica of the statue made by
3131:(digitalized first editions of all the books in PDF)
3047:
2911:
Rio de Janeiro/Brasília: Civilização Brasileira/INL.
846:. He learned German years later and in his old age,
755:. He was born in Livramento country house, owned by
79:
1987:
Pennsylvania: Latin American Literary Review Press.
1056:, and other writers and intellectuals, founded the
302:
Novelist, short story writer, poet, literary critic
639:(21 June 1839 – 29 September 1908), was a pioneer
8267:19th-century Brazilian dramatists and playwrights
3038:Rio de Janeiro: Livrarias Aillaud & Bertrand.
2932:. Rio de Janeiro: José Olympio, pp. 150–201.
2839:Retired Dreams: Dom Casmurro, Myth and Modernity.
2825:A Filosofia de Machado de Assis e Outros Ensaios.
8233:
870:Machado de Assis when he was 25 years old, 1864.
1952:Lexington: University Press of Kentucky, 1977).
33: and the second or paternal family name is
2982:Machado de Assis: Estudo Critíco e Biográfico.
2918:West Lafayette, Ind.: Purdue University Press.
2897:. Austin, TX: University of Texas Press, 1999.
2883:. New York: Alfred A. Knoff, pp. 142–164.
1937:London: Peter Owen, 1990; also republished as
1869:The Posthumous Memoirs of Brás Cubas: A Novel.
104:accompanying your translation by providing an
70:Click for important translation instructions.
57:expand this article with text translated from
7889:
5970:
3532:
3352:
3338:
3305:President of the Brazilian Academy of Letters
2386:
2384:
882:, who hired him as director-assistant in the
798:
178:President of the Brazilian Academy of Letters
2977:Rio de Janeiro: Casa do Estudante do Brasil.
2509:
2507:
2505:
2431:
2429:
2427:
2425:
2423:
2404:
2402:
2400:
2398:
2396:
2337:
2335:
2333:
2323:
2321:
2319:
2317:
2315:
2313:
863:while attacking the venality of the clergy.
791:, journalist and later liberal senator, and
190:28 January 1897 – 29 September 1908
8297:Members of the Brazilian Academy of Letters
2916:Machado de Assis, the Brazilian Pyrrhonian.
2792:Rio de Janeiro: Organização Simões Editora.
2374:
2372:
2370:
2368:
2366:
2269:
2267:
2265:
2263:
2261:
2259:
2257:
2255:
2253:
2251:
2213:
2211:
2209:
2207:
2205:
2203:
2201:
2199:
2197:
2195:
2180:, Vol. 55, No. 4 (April 1971), pp. 255–256.
1823:Rio de Janeiro: Livraria Garnier (20 vols.)
1691:Oliver Twist; or, the Parish Boy's Progress
1247:. Unsourced material may be challenged and
8332:19th-century Brazilian short story writers
8080:Luís Alves de Lima e Silva, Duke of Caxias
7896:
7882:
5977:
5963:
3539:
3525:
3345:
3331:
2863:The Deceptive Realism of Machado de Assis.
2595:Portuguese Literature and Cultural Studies
2563:
2561:
2445:
2443:
2441:
2381:
2241:
2239:
2237:
2235:
2233:
2231:
2229:
2227:
2225:
2223:
2134:
2132:
2130:
2128:
2126:
2097:: Officer of the Order of the Rose (1888).
2020:The Collected Stories of Machado de Assis.
1580:
150:
8272:Brazilian male dramatists and playwrights
7409:João Batista Ribeiro de Andrade Fernandes
2888:Influências Inglesas em Machado de Assis.
2502:
2459:
2457:
2455:
2420:
2393:
2330:
2310:
2293:(in Brazilian Portuguese). Archived from
2279:
1966:Berkeley: University of California Press.
1919:Berkeley: University of California Press.
1912:Berkeley: University of California Press.
1905:New York: Oxford University Press, 1998).
1890:New York: Oxford University Press, 1997).
1871:New York: Oxford University Press, 1997;
1267:Learn how and when to remove this message
8131:1993 Brazilian constitutional referendum
7903:
2849:Machado de Assis: Pirâmide e o Trapézio.
2841:West Lafayette: Purdue University Press.
2363:
2248:
2192:
2037:
2022:New York : Liveright & Company.
1926:Lexington: University Press of Kentucky.
1837:Rio de Janeiro: Editora Globo (31 vols.)
1647:Queda que as mulheres têm para os tolos,
1294:
1286:
1278:
1182:, as well as the American film director
1074:
1027:
865:
802:
730:
726:
621:[ʒwɐˈkĩmaˈɾiɐmaˈʃadud͡ʒ(i)aˈsis]
619:
3007:A Master on the Periphery of Capitalism
2953:Rio de Janeiro: Editora Nova Fronteira.
2925:Rio de Janeiro: Civilização Brasileira.
2558:
2438:
2289:[Machado de Assis’ biography].
2220:
2123:
1830:Rio de Janeiro: W.M. Jackson (31 vols.)
1283:Machado de Assis around age 57, c. 1896
1091:Machado's style is unique, and several
1083:dedicated by the author himself to the
590:Machado, "The Warlock from Cosme Velho"
291: 1869; died 1904)
8234:
7923:Brazilian Patrianovist Imperial Action
3195:Machado de Assis a literary biography.
3021:. New York: Farrar, Straus and Giroux.
3003:Um Mestre na Periferia do Capitalismo.
2890:Rio de Janeiro: Pallas; Brasília: INL.
2452:
2350:
1844:Rio de Janeiro: Nova Aguilar (3 vols.)
893:
8035:José Paranhos, Viscount of Rio Branco
7877:
7403:Luís Caetano Pereira Guimarães Júnior
5958:
5886:Romanticism and the French Revolution
3520:
3326:
3279:1st Academic of the 23rd chair of the
2768:New York: Charles Frank Publications.
2702:Grandes Personagens da Nossa História
2664:from the original on 31 October 2023.
2585:
2579:
2110:celebrated his 178th birthday with a
2029:Hanover, Conn.: New London Librarium.
2015:Hanover, Conn.: New London Librarium.
2008:Hanover, Conn.: New London Librarium.
2001:Hanover, Conn.: New London Librarium.
1957:The Devil's Church and Other Stories.
1897:New York: Avon Books (republished as
1799:Diálogos e Reflexões de um Relojoeiro
1369:The Posthumous Memoirs of Bras Cubas,
988:, as he considered himself a liberal
3399:The Posthumous Memoirs of Brás Cubas
2902:Três Ensaios sobre Machado de Assis.
2870:Machado de Assis: Ficção e História.
2783:Machado de Assis: O Enigma do Olhar.
2700:Scarano, Júlia Maria Leonor (1969).
2586:Rocha, João Cezar de Castro (2006).
1980:New York: Melville House Publishing.
1971:A Chapter of Hats and Other Stories.
1910:The Psychiatrist, and Other Stories.
1651:De l'amour des femmes pour les sots,
1245:adding citations to reliable sources
1212:
1081:The Posthumous Memoirs of Bras Cubas
1050:Afonso Celso, Viscount of Ouro Preto
1036:Machado de Assis, along with fellow
39:
8342:19th-century Brazilian male writers
8337:Brazilian people of African descent
8312:Brazilian people of Azorean descent
7366:Aurélio Buarque de Holanda Ferreira
3028:, Nov.-Dec., issue. Washington, DC.
3005:São Paulo: Duas Cidades. Trans. as
2525:, p. 267: "vida conjugal perfeita".
1948:London: Peter Owen (republished as
1119:. Bloom considers him the greatest
13:
8317:Writers from Rio de Janeiro (city)
8287:Brazilian male short story writers
3236:Works by or about Machado de Assis
3036:História da Literatura Brasileira.
2991:São Paulo: Duas Cidades/Editora34.
2946:Rio de Janeiro: Livraria São José.
2904:Belo Horizonte: Paulo & Bruhm.
2762:Bettencourt Machado, José (1962).
2740:Aspectos da Literatura Brasileira.
2721:
2654:"Machado de Assis' 178th Birthday"
1625:(including "A Missa do Galo" and "
1070:
624:), often known by his surnames as
116:{{Translated|pt|Machado de Assis}}
14:
8358:
8050:Luiz Philippe of Orléans-Braganza
7220:Antônio Peregrino Maciel Monteiro
3043:
2960:Westport, Conn.: Greenwood Press.
2914:Maia Neto, José Raimundo (1984).
2877:"Joaquim Maria Machado de Assis."
2806:Hanover, CT:New London Librarium
2692:Encyclopædia Britannica do Brasil
1994:Indianapolis: Hackett Publishing.
278:Carolina Augusta Xavier de Novais
8307:20th-century Brazilian novelists
8302:19th-century Brazilian novelists
8186:Prince Pedro Carlos (since 2007)
7952:
7827:José Maria da Silva Paranhos Sr.
7544:José Maria da Silva Paranhos Jr.
6433:
5939:
5938:
3433:
3252:
3106:
3092:
3078:
3064:
3050:
2998:São Paulo: Companhia das Letras.
2951:Os Inimigos de Machado de Assis.
2923:A Juventude de Machado de Assis.
2909:Vida e Obra de Machado de Assis.
2872:Rio de Janeiro: Paz & Terra.
2802:Cheney, et al. (editors) (2014)
2799:São Paulo: Companhia das Letras.
2643:from 24 April to 23 August 1870.
2616:"Machado de Assis - Vida e Obra"
2087:
2069:
1709:a famous poem by Edgar Allan Poe
1217:
1208:
598:
44:
3546:
3166:Memórias Póstumas de Bras Cubas
2907:Magalhães Jr, Raimundo (1981).
2778:São Paulo: Editora Atica, 1982.
2646:
2633:
2608:
2570:
2541:
2528:
2516:
2493:
2484:
2475:
2466:
2411:
2344:
2301:
2287:"Biografia de Machado de Assis"
2154:São Paulo: Duas Cidades. p. 18.
1639:
1364:Memórias Póstumas de Brás Cubas
962:Memórias Póstumas de Brás Cubas
826:, who taught him English. From
701:Memórias Póstumas de Brás Cubas
288:
7933:Diretório Monárquico do Brasil
6782:Affonso Arinos de Mello Franco
3209:Manuscrito de Machado de Assis
2980:Miguel-Pereira, Lúcia (1936).
2834:Lisboa: Academia das Ciências.
2797:Machado de Assis, Historiador.
2790:Machado de Assis e a Política.
2757:Introdução a Machado de Assis.
2183:
2170:
2157:
2141:
1973:London: Bloomsbury Publishing.
1899:The Heritage of Quincas Borba.
1023:
613:Joaquim Maria Machado de Assis
230:Joaquim Maria Machado de Assis
114:You may also add the template
1:
7768:Francisco Adolfo de Varnhagen
7451:Manuel de Araújo Porto-Alegre
5909:Wanderer above the Sea of Fog
3451:The Psychiatrist/The Alienist
2984:São Paulo: Cia. Ed. Nacional.
2851:São Paulo: Cia. Ed. Nacional.
2712:Dicionário do Brasil Imperial
2704:. São Paulo: Abril Cultural.
2671:
2597:. 13/14: xxiv. Archived from
2353:Revista de Estudos Literários
1757:(collection of short stories)
1750:(collection of short stories)
1743:(collection of short stories)
1713:
1553:(including the dramatic poem
1451:(published as a book in 1944)
905:
161:
8277:19th-century Brazilian poets
7538:João Manuel Pereira da Silva
7161:Afonso Arinos de Melo Franco
6576:Alfredo d'Escragnolle Taunay
6541:José Carlos de Macedo Soares
6464:Pedro Augusto Carneiro Lessa
6080:Eduardo Giannetti da Fonseca
6021:Ivan Monteiro de Barros Lins
5987:Brazilian Academy of Letters
3281:Brazilian Academy of Letters
3220:João Cezar de Castro Rocha,
2973:Pereira, Astrogildo (1944).
2900:Lima, Alceu Amoroso (1941).
2714:. Rio de Janeiro: Objetiva.
2062:
2053:Brazilian Academy of Letters
1884:Dom Casmurro. Lord Taciturn.
1849:Works in English translation
1147:(US), Houwens Post (Italy),
1058:Brazilian Academy of Letters
1054:Alfredo d'Escragnolle Taunay
721:
649:Brazilian Academy of Letters
16:Brazilian writer (1839–1908)
7:
8322:Portuguese-language writers
7938:Imperial Patrianovist Guard
7821:José Paulo Cavalcanti Filho
7750:Maurício Campos de Medeiros
7398:Pedro Luís Pereira de Sousa
7049:Lafayette Rodrigues Pereira
6361:Carlos Magalhães de Azeredo
6015:Afonso d'Escragnolle Taunay
5985:Patrons and members of the
3291:Lafayette Rodrigues Pereira
3251:(public domain audiobooks)
2956:Nunes, Maria Luisa (1983).
2944:Machado de Assis 1935–1958.
2921:Massa, Jean-Michel (1971).
2752:São Paulo: Monteiro Lobato.
2742:Rio de Janeiro: Americ. Ed.
2681:. 1ª ed. São Paulo: Ática.
2538:, Rio de Janeiro: Laemmert.
2178:The Modern Language Journal
1424:
10:
8363:
8211:List of monarchs of Brazil
7943:National Restorative Union
7627:Godofredo de Oliveira Neto
7337:Geraldo Holanda Cavalcanti
7003:José Bonifácio the Younger
6612:Francisco de Assis Barbosa
5826:Coleridge's theory of life
2968:Gregos e Baianos: Ensaios.
2865:Liverpool: Francis Cairns.
2858:Boston: Twayne Publishers.
2823:Coutinho, Afrânio (1959).
2728:Abreu, Modesto de (1939).
2101:
2046:featuring Machado de Assis
2033:
1935:The Wager: Aires' Journal.
1931:Counselor Ayres' Memorial.
1886:London: Peter Owen, 1992;
1873:Epitaph of a Small Winner.
1865:Epitaph of a Small Winner.
1677:Les Travailleurs de la mer
1384:(also known in English as
1096:to the pessimist style of
1085:National Library of Brazil
799:Early career and education
714:(also known in English as
470:Carlos Drummond de Andrade
78:Machine translation, like
20:
8327:Translators to Portuguese
8242:Works by Machado de Assis
8193:
8171:
8140:
8093:
8075:José Bonifácio de Andrada
8060:Plinio Corrêa de Oliveira
8012:
7961:
7950:
7915:
7685:José de Alcântara Machado
7679:José Júlio da Silva Ramos
7668:Fernando Henrique Cardoso
7621:Cândido Mendes de Almeida
7387:
7267:Manuel Antônio de Almeida
6939:
6523:Urbano Duarte de Oliveira
6512:Ignácio de Loyola Brandão
6442:
6431:
6424:Rosiska Darcy de Oliveira
6297:Nelson Pereira dos Santos
5993:
5918:
5881:Romanticism and economics
5818:
5710:
5457:
5279:
5224:
5193:
5117:
5066:
5015:
4974:
4883:
4827:
4791:
4745:
4736:
4581:
4525:
4474:
4433:
4392:
4346:
4288:
4158:
4037:
3959:
3896:Manuel Antônio de Almeida
3878:
3869:
3755:
3623:
3554:
3479:
3461:
3442:
3431:
3364:
3311:
3302:
3297:
3287:
3276:
3262:
3245:Works by Machado de Assis
3227:Works by Machado de Assis
3146:MetaLibri Digital Library
3001:Schwarz, Roberto (1990).
2994:Schwarz, Roberto (1997).
2987:Schwarz, Roberto (2000).
2827:Rio de Janeiro: São José.
2795:Chalhoub, Sidney (2003).
2710:Vainfas, Ronaldo (2002).
2553:Farrar, Straus and Giroux
2549:Epitaph of a Small Winner
1924:The Hand & the Glove.
1537:
1463:Hoje avental, amanhã luva
1418:Counselor Ayres' Memorial
1373:Epitaph of a Small Winner
1371:also known in English as
1315:
1168:Comissão Machado de Assis
967:Epitaph of a Small Winner
785:Manuel Antônio de Almeida
706:Epitaph of a Small Winner
606:
594:
586:
451:
328:
314:
306:
298:
272:
252:
225:
220:
216:
204:
194:
183:
175:
171:
149:
142:
59:the corresponding article
8262:Brazilian male novelists
8125:Revolta de Ribeirãozinho
8055:Arlindo Veiga dos Santos
7856:Evaristo de Moraes Filho
7703:João Cabral de Melo Neto
7427:José Cândido de Carvalho
7014:Miguel Osório de Almeida
6888:Joaquim Manuel de Macedo
6870:Américo Jacobina Lacombe
6700:Fernando Bastos de Ávila
6379:Alberto da Costa e Silva
6285:Diná Silveira de Queirós
6103:Aníbal Freire da Fonseca
3661:German historical school
2949:Montello, Jesué (1998).
2875:Goldberg, Isaac (1922).
2816:Corção, Gustavo (1956).
2547:Susan Sontag, Foreword.
2163:Caldwell, Helen (1970),
2117:
1736:(collection of articles)
1672:Os Trabalhadores do Mar,
1662:Le supplice d'une femme,
1455:
852:Diário do Rio de Janeiro
655:, having taught himself
548:Chico Buarque de Holanda
524:João Cabral de Melo Neto
267:First Brazilian Republic
25:, the first or maternal
7773:Manuel de Oliveira Lima
7756:José Américo de Almeida
7656:José Guilherme Merquior
6917:Aurélio de Lira Tavares
6529:Antônio Augusto de Lima
6326:Austregésilo de Athayde
6309:Cláudio Manuel da Costa
6291:Sérgio Correia da Costa
6191:José Murilo de Carvalho
4308:Józef Ignacy Kraszewski
3216:Espaço Machado de Assis
3129:University of São Paulo
2989:Ao Vencedor as Batatas.
2970:São Paulo: Brasiliense.
2942:Meyer, Augusto (1958).
2935:Meyer, Augusto (1935).
2893:Graham, Richard (ed.).
2886:Gomes, Eugênio (1976).
2837:Dixon, Paul B. (1989).
2677:Bueno, Eduardo (2003).
2534:Romero, Silvio (1897),
2051:Founding member of the
2042:1987 banknote of 1,000
1903:Quincas Borba: A Novel.
1658:Suplício de uma mulher,
1634:Relíquias de Casa Velha
1594:Histórias da meia-noite
1581:Short-story collections
1046:Manuel de Oliveira Lima
830:, he was influenced by
125:For more guidance, see
8101:Independence of Brazil
7989:Moderate Liberal Party
7609:José Honório Rodrigues
7586:Evaldo Cabral de Mello
7433:Geraldo França de Lima
7167:Alberto Venancio Filho
7143:Artur Orlando da Silva
7008:Medeiros e Albuquerque
6882:Antônio Carlos Secchin
6852:Silvério Gomes Pimenta
6356:Gonçalves de Magalhães
6056:João Neves da Fontoura
5891:Romanticism in science
5846:Middle Ages in history
5841:List of Romantic poets
4553:Josiah Gilbert Holland
3018:Where the Stress Falls
2868:Gledson, John (1986).
2861:Gledson, John (1984).
2854:Fitz, Earl E. (1989).
2830:Dantas, Júlio (1940).
2781:Bosi, Alfredo (2000).
2755:Barreto Filho (1947).
2732:Rio de Janeiro: Norte.
2047:
1888:Dom Casmurro: A Novel.
1880:Dom Casmurro: A Novel.
1342:The Hand and the Glove
1312:
1292:
1284:
1088:
1033:
871:
808:
743:, then capital of the
736:
8347:Afro-Brazilian people
8292:Brazilian translators
8257:Brazilian monarchists
8113:Federalist Revolution
7738:Alberto Santos-Dumont
7674:Tomás António Gonzaga
7568:Carlos Castelo Branco
7296:Domício Proença Filho
6794:João Francisco Lisboa
6735:Lygia Fagundes Telles
6641:Antônio Carneiro Leão
6344:Cleonice Berardinelli
6226:Barbosa Lima Sobrinho
5861:Romantic epistemology
5851:Opium and Romanticism
4420:Stojadinović-Srpkinja
3646:Counter-Enlightenment
3470:The Case of the Stick
2820:Rio de Janeiro: Agir.
2788:Broca, Brito (1957).
2759:Rio de Janeiro: Agir.
2417:Scarano, pp. 774–774.
2041:
1946:Yayá Garcia: A Novel.
1627:The Case of the Stick
1555:Uma ode de anacreonte
1298:
1290:
1282:
1078:
1031:
1004:(Philosopher or Dog?)
869:
806:
734:
727:Birth and adolescence
617:Brazilian Portuguese:
127:Knowledge:Translation
98:copyright attribution
8282:Brazilian male poets
8216:Monarchism in Brazil
7662:João de Scantimburgo
7603:Rodrigo Otávio Filho
7360:Antônio Austregésilo
7102:Luís Guimarães Filho
6893:Salvador de Mendonça
6876:Marcos Almir Madeira
6764:Edgar Roquette-Pinto
6758:Osório Duque-Estrada
6682:Guilherme de Almeida
6618:Sérgio Paulo Rouanet
6565:Paulo Niemeyer Filho
6033:Evandro Lins e Silva
5925:Age of Enlightenment
3567:England (literature)
3211:– Handwritten pieces
3100:Latin America portal
2939:Porto Alegre: Globo.
2881:Brazilian Literature
2679:Brasil: Uma História
2576:Daniel, pp. 153–218.
2567:Daniel, pp. 190–237.
1781:Histórias Românticas
1526:Não consultes médico
1520:Tu, só tu, puro amor
1241:improve this section
1062:Ministry of Industry
645:Brazilian literature
200:Position established
8065:Antônio Conselheiro
7697:Assis Chateaubriand
7574:João Ubaldo Ribeiro
7313:Vicente de Carvalho
7284:Menotti Del Picchia
7237:Gregório da Fonseca
6805:Barão Homem de Melo
6788:Fernanda Montenegro
6647:Fernando de Azevedo
6582:Francisco de Castro
6553:Lucas Moreira Neves
6373:Carlos Chagas Filho
6314:Alberto de Oliveira
6062:João Guimarães Rosa
5876:Romantic psychology
3671:Hudson River School
3615:Sweden (literature)
3600:Russia (literature)
2449:Daniel, pp. 61–152.
2297:on 12 October 2019.
1895:Philosopher or Dog?
1515:(three short plays)
1499:Os deuses de casaca
1386:Philosopher or Dog?
894:Marriage and family
836:William Shakespeare
716:Philosopher or Dog?
676:Morro do Livramento
494:João Guimarães Rosa
8221:Brazilian nobility
8070:José do Patrocínio
8004:Progressive League
7999:Conservative Party
7850:Alceu Amoroso Lima
7509:Fernando Magalhães
7290:Oscar Dias Correia
6955:José do Patrocínio
6905:Humberto de Campos
6571:Francisco Otaviano
6267:Afonso Pena Júnior
6249:Valentim Magalhães
6220:Goulart de Andrade
6179:Cândido Mota Filho
6156:Bernardo Guimarães
6115:Carlos Heitor Cony
6091:Filinto de Almeida
6045:Álvares de Azevedo
3861:White Mountain art
3802:Historical fiction
3610:Spain (literature)
3182:"Machado de Assis"
3152:Contos Fluminenses
2620:machado.mec.gov.br
2523:Enciclopédia Barsa
2274:Enciclopédia Barsa
2048:
2044:Brazilian cruzados
1787:Páginas Esquecidas
1748:Páginas Escolhidas
1695:by Charles Dickens
1688:from the original
1674:from the original
1660:from the original
1649:from the original
1623:Páginas recolhidas
1611:Histórias sem data
1588:Contos Fluminenses
1492:As Forcas Caudinas
1475:O caminho da porta
1313:
1293:
1285:
1196:Elizabeth Hardwick
1155:(Netherlands) and
1089:
1034:
979:and by the writer
977:José do Patrocínio
872:
828:English literature
817:Marmota Fluminense
809:
789:Francisco Otaviano
777:Marmota Fluminense
737:
530:Vinicius de Moraes
419:Lucian of Samosata
106:interlanguage link
8229:
8228:
8201:Kingdom of Brazil
8194:Relevant Articles
8173:Petrópolis branch
8107:Revolta da Armada
8094:Historical Events
7962:Political Parties
7871:
7870:
7803:Otto Lara Resende
7155:José Lins do Rego
7061:Otávio Mangabeira
6923:Murilo Melo Filho
6899:Emílio de Meneses
6846:Alcindo Guanabara
6747:Hipólito da Costa
6712:Gregório de Matos
6688:Odilo Costa Filho
6458:Lúcio de Mendonça
6389:Evaristo da Veiga
6350:Ricardo Cavaliere
6279:Pontes de Miranda
6255:Euclides da Cunha
6203:Casimiro de Abreu
6185:Rachel de Queiroz
6173:Aloísio de Castro
6086:Artur de Oliveira
6039:Ana Maria Machado
5952:
5951:
5866:Romantic medicine
5836:List of romantics
5275:
5274:
4926:Felix Mendelssohn
4921:Fanny Mendelssohn
4732:
4731:
4446:Rosalía de Castro
4384:Soares dos Passos
3732:Transcendentalism
3696:Nazarene movement
3656:Düsseldorf School
3514:
3513:
3496:Memórias Póstumas
3321:
3320:
3312:Succeeded by
3288:Succeeded by
3263:Academic offices
3231:Project Gutenberg
3186:Books and Writers
3180:Petri Liukkonen.
3058:Literature portal
2964:Paes, José Paulo.
2937:Machado de Assis.
2856:Machado de Assis.
2832:Machado de Assis.
2818:Machado de Assis.
2785:São Paulo: Ática.
2776:Machado de Assis.
2730:Machado de Assis.
2688:Encilopédia Barsa
2106:On 21 June 2017,
2081:Order of the Rose
1805:Crônicas de Lélio
1769:Crítica Literária
1723:(collected plays)
1666:Émile de Girardin
1576:(complete poetry)
1574:Poesias Completas
1532:Lição de botânica
1438:The Psychiatrist,
1414:Memorial de Aires
1277:
1276:
1269:
1098:Augusto dos Anjos
1018:Memorial de Aires
888:Order of the Rose
859:'s controversial
813:Correio Mercantil
793:Quintino Bocaiuva
610:
609:
256:29 September 1908
138:
137:
71:
67:
8354:
8206:Empire of Brazil
8142:Vassouras branch
8025:Machado de Assis
7994:Regressive Party
7974:Portuguese Party
7956:
7898:
7891:
7884:
7875:
7874:
7866:
7864:
7859:
7853:
7847:
7841:
7835:
7823:
7818:
7812:
7806:
7800:
7794:
7788:
7782:
7779:Alberto de Faria
7776:
7764:
7759:
7753:
7747:
7741:
7735:
7723:
7718:
7712:
7706:
7700:
7694:
7688:
7682:
7670:
7665:
7659:
7653:
7647:
7644:Clementino Fraga
7641:
7629:
7624:
7618:
7612:
7606:
7600:
7588:
7583:
7577:
7571:
7565:
7562:Magalhães Júnior
7559:
7553:
7547:
7541:
7529:
7527:Evanildo Bechara
7524:
7521:Afrânio Coutinho
7518:
7512:
7506:
7494:
7489:
7483:
7477:
7471:
7465:
7459:
7447:
7442:
7436:
7430:
7424:
7421:Cassiano Ricardo
7418:
7412:
7406:
7382:
7380:
7378:Heloísa Teixeira
7375:
7369:
7363:
7357:
7351:
7339:
7334:
7328:
7322:
7319:Cláudio de Sousa
7316:
7310:
7298:
7293:
7287:
7281:
7275:
7263:
7258:
7255:Eduardo Portella
7252:
7246:
7240:
7234:
7228:
7216:
7211:
7205:
7199:
7193:
7190:Constâncio Alves
7187:
7181:
7178:Guimarães Passos
7169:
7164:
7158:
7152:
7149:Ataulfo de Paiva
7146:
7140:
7132:Junqueira Freire
7128:
7126:Geraldo Carneiro
7123:
7117:
7111:
7105:
7099:
7087:
7082:
7079:Luiz Paulo Horta
7076:
7070:
7064:
7058:
7052:
7046:
7043:Machado de Assis
7034:
7029:
7023:
7020:Luís Viana Filho
7017:
7011:
6999:
6994:
6988:
6982:
6976:
6970:
6967:Olegário Mariano
6964:
6961:Mário de Alencar
6958:
6934:
6931:
6926:
6920:
6914:
6908:
6902:
6896:
6884:
6879:
6873:
6867:
6861:
6855:
6849:
6837:
6832:
6829:Peregrino Júnior
6826:
6823:Pereira da Silva
6820:
6814:
6808:
6802:
6790:
6785:
6779:
6773:
6767:
6761:
6755:
6743:
6738:
6732:
6726:
6720:
6708:
6703:
6697:
6691:
6685:
6679:
6673:
6661:
6656:
6650:
6644:
6638:
6635:Clóvis Beviláqua
6626:
6621:
6615:
6609:
6603:
6597:
6591:
6585:
6579:
6567:
6562:
6556:
6550:
6544:
6538:
6532:
6526:
6514:
6509:
6503:
6497:
6491:
6485:
6479:
6473:
6467:
6461:
6437:
6428:
6426:
6421:
6415:
6409:
6403:
6400:Laudelino Freire
6397:
6385:
6382:
6376:
6370:
6364:
6352:
6347:
6341:
6335:
6329:
6323:
6317:
6305:
6300:
6294:
6288:
6282:
6276:
6270:
6264:
6258:
6252:
6240:
6235:
6229:
6223:
6217:
6211:
6208:Teixeira de Melo
6199:
6194:
6188:
6182:
6176:
6170:
6164:
6161:Raimundo Correia
6152:
6147:
6141:
6135:
6123:
6118:
6112:
6106:
6100:
6097:Roberto Simonsen
6094:
6082:
6077:
6074:Tarcísio Padilha
6071:
6065:
6059:
6053:
6041:
6036:
6030:
6024:
6018:
6012:
6004:Adelino Fontoura
5979:
5972:
5965:
5956:
5955:
5942:
5941:
5901:Evolution theory
4743:
4742:
3876:
3875:
3737:Ukrainian school
3541:
3534:
3527:
3518:
3517:
3437:
3358:Machado de Assis
3347:
3340:
3333:
3324:
3323:
3260:
3259:
3256:
3255:
3240:Internet Archive
3201:
3193:
3144:
3136:
3127:at Brasialiana,
3125:Machado de Assis
3123:
3116:
3111:
3110:
3109:
3102:
3097:
3096:
3095:
3088:
3086:Biography portal
3083:
3082:
3081:
3074:
3072:Education portal
3069:
3068:
3060:
3055:
3054:
3053:
2717:
2707:
2697:
2684:
2666:
2665:
2660:. 21 June 2017.
2650:
2644:
2641:Jornal da Tarde,
2637:
2631:
2630:
2628:
2626:
2612:
2606:
2605:
2604:on 25 June 2008.
2603:
2592:
2583:
2577:
2574:
2568:
2565:
2556:
2555:, 1990. xi–xxiv.
2545:
2539:
2532:
2526:
2520:
2514:
2513:Scarano, p. 778.
2511:
2500:
2499:Scarano, p. 775.
2497:
2491:
2490:Scarano, p. 777.
2488:
2482:
2479:
2473:
2470:
2464:
2461:
2450:
2447:
2436:
2435:Scarano, p. 774.
2433:
2418:
2415:
2409:
2408:Scarano, p. 773.
2406:
2391:
2390:Scarano, p. 780.
2388:
2379:
2378:Scarano, p. 770.
2376:
2361:
2360:
2348:
2342:
2341:Scarano, p. 769.
2339:
2328:
2327:Scarano, p. 767.
2325:
2308:
2307:Scarano, p. 765.
2305:
2299:
2298:
2291:Livraria Pública
2283:
2277:
2271:
2246:
2245:Vainfas, p. 504.
2243:
2218:
2217:Scarano, p. 766.
2215:
2190:
2189:Scarano, p. 775.
2187:
2181:
2174:
2168:
2161:
2155:
2152:Vários escritos.
2148:Candido; Antonio
2145:
2139:
2138:Vainfas, p. 505.
2136:
2095:Empire of Brazil
2093:
2091:
2090:
2079:: Knight of the
2077:Empire of Brazil
2075:
2073:
2072:
1964:Helena: A Novel.
1857:Brazilian Tales.
1842:Obras Completas.
1835:Obras Completas.
1828:Obras Completas.
1821:Obras Completas.
1741:Outras Relíquias
1653:by Victor Hénaux
1617:Várias histórias
1494:(published 1956)
1272:
1265:
1261:
1258:
1252:
1221:
1213:
1153:August Willemsen
1093:literary critics
781:Imprensa Oficial
745:Empire of Brazil
684:
626:Machado de Assis
623:
618:
602:
576:
570:
564:
558:
552:
546:
540:
536:Mário de Andrade
534:
528:
522:
516:
510:
504:
498:
492:
486:
482:Graciliano Ramos
480:
474:
468:
441:
435:
429:
423:
417:
411:
405:
399:
395:La Rochefoucauld
393:
387:
381:
375:
369:
363:
357:
351:
345:
292:
290:
259:
247:Empire of Brazil
239:
237:
221:Personal details
207:
197:
188:
166:
163:
154:
144:Machado de Assis
140:
139:
117:
111:
84:Google Translate
69:
65:
48:
47:
40:
8362:
8361:
8357:
8356:
8355:
8353:
8352:
8351:
8232:
8231:
8230:
8225:
8189:
8167:
8136:
8089:
8045:José de Alencar
8008:
7979:Brazilian Party
7957:
7948:
7911:
7902:
7872:
7867:
7860:
7854:
7848:
7842:
7836:
7830:
7824:
7819:
7813:
7809:Roberto Marinho
7807:
7801:
7795:
7789:
7783:
7777:
7771:
7765:
7760:
7754:
7748:
7742:
7736:
7730:
7724:
7719:
7715:Ferreira Gullar
7713:
7707:
7701:
7695:
7689:
7683:
7677:
7671:
7666:
7660:
7654:
7648:
7642:
7636:
7630:
7625:
7619:
7613:
7607:
7601:
7595:
7589:
7584:
7578:
7572:
7566:
7560:
7554:
7548:
7542:
7536:
7530:
7525:
7519:
7513:
7507:
7503:Domício da Gama
7501:
7495:
7490:
7486:Ariano Suassuna
7484:
7478:
7472:
7468:Viriato Correia
7466:
7460:
7454:
7448:
7443:
7437:
7431:
7425:
7419:
7413:
7407:
7401:
7394:
7389:
7383:
7376:
7370:
7364:
7358:
7354:Heráclito Graça
7352:
7346:
7340:
7335:
7329:
7323:
7317:
7311:
7305:
7299:
7294:
7288:
7282:
7276:
7272:Inglês de Sousa
7270:
7264:
7259:
7253:
7249:Otávio de Faria
7247:
7241:
7235:
7229:
7223:
7217:
7212:
7206:
7200:
7194:
7188:
7182:
7176:
7173:Laurindo Rabelo
7170:
7165:
7159:
7153:
7147:
7141:
7135:
7129:
7124:
7118:
7112:
7108:Manuel Bandeira
7106:
7100:
7094:
7088:
7083:
7077:
7071:
7065:
7059:
7053:
7047:
7041:
7038:José de Alencar
7035:
7030:
7024:
7018:
7012:
7006:
7000:
6995:
6989:
6983:
6977:
6971:
6965:
6959:
6953:
6946:
6941:
6935:
6932:
6927:
6921:
6915:
6909:
6903:
6897:
6891:
6885:
6880:
6874:
6868:
6862:
6858:Gustavo Barroso
6856:
6850:
6844:
6841:Joaquim Caetano
6838:
6835:Arnaldo Niskier
6833:
6827:
6821:
6815:
6809:
6803:
6797:
6791:
6786:
6780:
6776:Antônio Houaiss
6774:
6768:
6762:
6756:
6750:
6744:
6739:
6733:
6727:
6721:
6715:
6709:
6704:
6698:
6692:
6686:
6680:
6674:
6668:
6662:
6657:
6651:
6645:
6639:
6633:
6630:Franklin Távora
6627:
6622:
6616:
6610:
6604:
6598:
6592:
6586:
6580:
6574:
6568:
6563:
6557:
6551:
6545:
6539:
6533:
6527:
6521:
6515:
6510:
6506:Hélio Jaguaribe
6504:
6498:
6492:
6486:
6482:Adelmar Tavares
6480:
6476:João Luís Alves
6474:
6468:
6462:
6456:
6453:Fagundes Varela
6449:
6444:
6438:
6429:
6422:
6416:
6410:
6404:
6398:
6392:
6386:
6383:
6377:
6371:
6365:
6359:
6353:
6348:
6342:
6336:
6330:
6324:
6318:
6312:
6306:
6301:
6295:
6289:
6283:
6277:
6271:
6265:
6261:Afrânio Peixoto
6259:
6253:
6247:
6241:
6238:Cícero Sandroni
6236:
6230:
6224:
6218:
6212:
6206:
6200:
6195:
6189:
6183:
6177:
6171:
6165:
6159:
6153:
6148:
6142:
6136:
6132:Aluísio Azevedo
6130:
6127:Basílio da Gama
6124:
6119:
6113:
6107:
6101:
6095:
6089:
6083:
6078:
6072:
6066:
6060:
6054:
6048:
6042:
6037:
6031:
6025:
6019:
6013:
6007:
6000:
5995:
5989:
5983:
5953:
5948:
5947:
5936:
5928:
5914:
5871:Romantic poetry
5856:Romantic ballet
5831:German idealism
5814:
5780:Lacoue-Labarthe
5706:
5453:
5271:
5220:
5189:
5170:Rimsky-Korsakov
5113:
5062:
5011:
4970:
4879:
4823:
4787:
4728:
4577:
4521:
4470:
4429:
4388:
4342:
4284:
4225:Maria Edgeworth
4161:
4154:
4033:
3955:
3865:
3844:Romantic genius
3774:Gesamtkunstwerk
3751:
3712:Sturm und Drang
3619:
3550:
3545:
3515:
3510:
3475:
3457:
3438:
3429:
3360:
3351:
3317:
3308:
3293:
3284:
3280:
3272:José de Alencar
3270:
3253:
3200:(in Portuguese)
3199:
3192:(in Portuguese)
3191:
3143:(in Portuguese)
3142:
3135:(in Portuguese)
3134:
3122:(in Portuguese)
3121:
3112:
3107:
3105:
3098:
3093:
3091:
3084:
3079:
3077:
3070:
3063:
3056:
3051:
3049:
3046:
3041:
3032:Veríssimo, José
2845:Faoro, Raimundo
2724:
2722:Further reading
2716:(in Portuguese)
2715:
2706:(in Portuguese)
2705:
2696:(in Portuguese)
2695:
2683:(in Portuguese)
2682:
2674:
2669:
2652:
2651:
2647:
2638:
2634:
2624:
2622:
2614:
2613:
2609:
2601:
2590:
2584:
2580:
2575:
2571:
2566:
2559:
2546:
2542:
2533:
2529:
2521:
2517:
2512:
2503:
2498:
2494:
2489:
2485:
2480:
2476:
2471:
2467:
2462:
2453:
2448:
2439:
2434:
2421:
2416:
2412:
2407:
2394:
2389:
2382:
2377:
2364:
2349:
2345:
2340:
2331:
2326:
2311:
2306:
2302:
2285:
2284:
2280:
2272:
2249:
2244:
2221:
2216:
2193:
2188:
2184:
2175:
2171:
2162:
2158:
2146:
2142:
2137:
2124:
2120:
2104:
2088:
2086:
2070:
2068:
2065:
2036:
1917:Esau and Jacob.
1811:Collected works
1775:Crítica Teatral
1755:Novas Relíquias
1721:Teatro Coligido
1716:
1642:
1583:
1540:
1458:
1427:
1318:
1273:
1262:
1256:
1253:
1238:
1222:
1211:
1176:Cabrera Infante
1102:literary critic
1073:
1071:Narrative style
1026:
914:, in 1870, and
908:
896:
832:Laurence Sterne
824:José de Alencar
801:
729:
724:
678:
671:later in life.
616:
582:
574:
572:Gilberto Freire
568:
562:
556:
550:
544:
542:Manuel Bandeira
538:
532:
526:
520:
514:
508:
506:Érico Verissimo
502:
496:
490:
484:
478:
472:
466:
460:
459:
447:
439:
433:
427:
421:
415:
409:
403:
397:
391:
385:
379:
373:
367:
365:Almeida Garrett
361:
355:
349:
343:
337:
336:
294:
286:
282:
279:
261:
257:
241:
235:
233:
232:
231:
205:
195:
189:
184:
167:
164:
145:
134:
133:
132:
115:
109:
72:
49:
45:
38:
23:Portuguese name
17:
12:
11:
5:
8360:
8350:
8349:
8344:
8339:
8334:
8329:
8324:
8319:
8314:
8309:
8304:
8299:
8294:
8289:
8284:
8279:
8274:
8269:
8264:
8259:
8254:
8249:
8244:
8227:
8226:
8224:
8223:
8218:
8213:
8208:
8203:
8197:
8195:
8191:
8190:
8188:
8187:
8184:
8177:
8175:
8169:
8168:
8166:
8165:
8159:
8153:
8150:Pedro Henrique
8146:
8144:
8138:
8137:
8135:
8134:
8128:
8122:
8119:War of Canudos
8116:
8110:
8104:
8097:
8095:
8091:
8090:
8088:
8087:
8082:
8077:
8072:
8067:
8062:
8057:
8052:
8047:
8042:
8037:
8032:
8030:Joaquim Nabuco
8027:
8022:
8020:André Rebouças
8016:
8014:
8010:
8009:
8007:
8006:
8001:
7996:
7991:
7986:
7984:Restorer Party
7981:
7976:
7971:
7965:
7963:
7959:
7958:
7951:
7949:
7947:
7946:
7940:
7935:
7930:
7925:
7919:
7917:
7913:
7912:
7901:
7900:
7893:
7886:
7878:
7869:
7868:
7791:Rodolfo Garcia
7727:Tobias Barreto
7709:Ivan Junqueira
7691:Getúlio Vargas
7650:Paulo Carneiro
7597:Rodrigo Otávio
7592:Tavares Bastos
7580:Zuenir Ventura
7556:Aquino Correia
7492:Zuenir Ventura
7480:Genolino Amado
7474:Joracy Camargo
7456:Carlos de Laet
7445:Merval Pereira
7393:
7391:
7385:
7384:
7325:Josué Montello
7278:Xavier Marques
7261:Antonio Cícero
7231:Dantas Barreto
7225:Joaquim Nabuco
7202:Gilberto Amado
7137:Franklin Dória
7120:Sábato Magaldi
7114:Cyro dos Anjos
7096:Garcia Redondo
7085:Antônio Torres
6991:Roberto Campos
6973:Álvaro Moreira
6945:
6943:
6937:
6936:
6799:José Veríssimo
6741:Jorge Caldeira
6717:Araripe Júnior
6706:Marco Lucchesi
6694:Marcos Barbosa
6665:Gonçalves Dias
6594:Sousa Bandeira
6588:Martins Júnior
6488:Deolindo Couto
6448:
6446:
6440:
6439:
6432:
6430:
6412:Orígenes Lessa
6367:Marques Rebelo
6338:Antônio Olinto
6332:Antônio Calado
6320:Oliveira Viana
6232:Raimundo Faoro
6214:Artur Jaceguai
6121:Joaquim Falcão
6109:Herberto Sales
6068:Mário Palmério
5999:
5997:
5991:
5990:
5982:
5981:
5974:
5967:
5959:
5950:
5949:
5929:
5921:
5920:
5919:
5916:
5915:
5913:
5912:
5905:
5904:
5903:
5898:
5888:
5883:
5878:
5873:
5868:
5863:
5858:
5853:
5848:
5843:
5838:
5833:
5828:
5822:
5820:
5819:Related topics
5816:
5815:
5813:
5812:
5807:
5802:
5797:
5792:
5787:
5782:
5777:
5772:
5767:
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5757:
5752:
5747:
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5737:
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5727:
5722:
5716:
5714:
5708:
5707:
5705:
5704:
5699:
5694:
5689:
5684:
5679:
5674:
5669:
5664:
5659:
5654:
5649:
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5639:
5634:
5629:
5624:
5619:
5614:
5609:
5604:
5599:
5594:
5589:
5584:
5579:
5574:
5569:
5564:
5559:
5554:
5549:
5547:Gallen-Kallela
5544:
5539:
5534:
5529:
5524:
5522:David d'Angers
5519:
5514:
5509:
5504:
5499:
5494:
5489:
5484:
5479:
5474:
5469:
5463:
5461:
5459:Visual artists
5455:
5454:
5452:
5451:
5446:
5441:
5436:
5431:
5426:
5421:
5419:Schleiermacher
5416:
5411:
5406:
5401:
5396:
5391:
5386:
5381:
5376:
5371:
5366:
5361:
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5269:
5264:
5259:
5254:
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5244:
5239:
5234:
5228:
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5221:
5219:
5218:
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5208:
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5187:
5182:
5177:
5172:
5167:
5162:
5157:
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5142:
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5132:
5127:
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5119:
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5040:
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5019:
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4994:
4989:
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4971:
4969:
4968:
4963:
4958:
4953:
4948:
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4933:
4928:
4923:
4918:
4913:
4908:
4903:
4898:
4893:
4887:
4885:
4881:
4880:
4878:
4877:
4872:
4867:
4862:
4857:
4852:
4847:
4842:
4837:
4831:
4829:
4825:
4824:
4822:
4821:
4816:
4811:
4806:
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4775:
4770:
4765:
4760:
4755:
4749:
4747:
4740:
4734:
4733:
4730:
4729:
4727:
4726:
4721:
4716:
4711:
4706:
4701:
4696:
4691:
4686:
4684:Oehlenschläger
4681:
4676:
4671:
4666:
4661:
4656:
4651:
4646:
4641:
4636:
4631:
4626:
4621:
4616:
4611:
4606:
4601:
4596:
4591:
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4583:
4579:
4578:
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4575:
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4565:
4560:
4555:
4550:
4545:
4540:
4535:
4529:
4527:
4523:
4522:
4520:
4519:
4514:
4509:
4504:
4499:
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4489:
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4471:
4469:
4468:
4463:
4458:
4453:
4448:
4443:
4437:
4435:
4431:
4430:
4428:
4427:
4422:
4417:
4412:
4407:
4402:
4396:
4394:
4390:
4389:
4387:
4386:
4381:
4376:
4371:
4366:
4361:
4356:
4354:Castelo Branco
4350:
4348:
4344:
4343:
4341:
4340:
4335:
4330:
4325:
4320:
4315:
4310:
4305:
4300:
4294:
4292:
4286:
4285:
4283:
4282:
4277:
4272:
4267:
4262:
4257:
4252:
4247:
4242:
4237:
4232:
4227:
4222:
4217:
4212:
4207:
4202:
4197:
4192:
4187:
4182:
4177:
4172:
4166:
4164:
4156:
4155:
4153:
4152:
4147:
4142:
4137:
4132:
4127:
4122:
4117:
4112:
4107:
4102:
4097:
4092:
4087:
4082:
4080:Brothers Grimm
4077:
4072:
4067:
4062:
4057:
4052:
4047:
4041:
4039:
4035:
4034:
4032:
4031:
4026:
4021:
4016:
4011:
4006:
4001:
3996:
3991:
3986:
3981:
3976:
3971:
3965:
3963:
3957:
3956:
3954:
3953:
3948:
3943:
3938:
3933:
3928:
3923:
3918:
3913:
3908:
3903:
3898:
3893:
3888:
3882:
3880:
3873:
3867:
3866:
3864:
3863:
3858:
3851:
3846:
3841:
3836:
3831:
3826:
3821:
3816:
3811:
3804:
3799:
3798:
3797:
3792:
3782:
3780:Gothic fiction
3777:
3770:
3768:British Marine
3765:
3759:
3757:
3753:
3752:
3750:
3749:
3744:
3739:
3734:
3729:
3722:
3717:
3716:
3715:
3703:
3698:
3693:
3688:
3683:
3678:
3673:
3668:
3666:Gothic revival
3663:
3658:
3653:
3648:
3643:
3638:
3633:
3627:
3625:
3621:
3620:
3618:
3617:
3612:
3607:
3602:
3597:
3592:
3587:
3582:
3577:
3569:
3564:
3558:
3556:
3552:
3551:
3544:
3543:
3536:
3529:
3521:
3512:
3511:
3509:
3508:
3500:
3492:
3483:
3481:
3477:
3476:
3474:
3473:
3465:
3463:
3459:
3458:
3456:
3455:
3446:
3444:
3440:
3439:
3432:
3430:
3428:
3427:
3423:Esau and Jacob
3419:
3411:
3403:
3395:
3387:
3383:A Mão e a Luva
3379:
3370:
3368:
3362:
3361:
3350:
3349:
3342:
3335:
3327:
3319:
3318:
3313:
3310:
3301:
3295:
3294:
3289:
3286:
3275:
3265:
3264:
3258:
3257:
3242:
3233:
3224:
3218:
3213:
3205:
3197:
3189:
3178:
3177:
3176:
3169:
3162:
3155:
3140:
3132:
3118:
3117:
3103:
3089:
3075:
3061:
3045:
3044:External links
3042:
3040:
3039:
3029:
3022:
3010:
2999:
2992:
2985:
2978:
2975:Interpretação.
2971:
2961:
2954:
2947:
2940:
2933:
2926:
2919:
2912:
2905:
2898:
2891:
2884:
2873:
2866:
2859:
2852:
2842:
2835:
2828:
2821:
2814:
2812:978-0985628482
2800:
2793:
2786:
2779:
2774:(Organizador)
2772:Bosi, Alfredo.
2769:
2760:
2753:
2743:
2736:Andrade, Mário
2733:
2725:
2723:
2720:
2719:
2718:
2708:
2698:
2685:
2673:
2670:
2668:
2667:
2645:
2632:
2607:
2588:"Introduction"
2578:
2569:
2557:
2540:
2527:
2515:
2501:
2492:
2483:
2481:Bueno, p. 311.
2474:
2465:
2463:Bueno, p. 310.
2451:
2437:
2419:
2410:
2392:
2380:
2362:
2343:
2329:
2309:
2300:
2278:
2247:
2219:
2191:
2182:
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2156:
2140:
2121:
2119:
2116:
2103:
2100:
2099:
2098:
2084:
2064:
2061:
2060:
2059:
2056:
2035:
2032:
2031:
2030:
2023:
2016:
2009:
2002:
1995:
1988:
1981:
1974:
1967:
1960:
1953:
1942:
1927:
1920:
1913:
1906:
1891:
1876:
1861:
1846:
1845:
1838:
1831:
1824:
1808:
1807:
1801:
1795:
1789:
1783:
1777:
1771:
1765:
1758:
1751:
1744:
1737:
1730:
1724:
1715:
1712:
1711:
1710:
1696:
1682:
1681:by Victor Hugo
1668:
1654:
1641:
1638:
1637:
1636:
1630:
1619:
1613:
1607:
1600:Papéis avulsos
1596:
1590:
1582:
1579:
1578:
1577:
1570:
1564:
1558:
1547:
1539:
1536:
1535:
1534:
1528:
1522:
1516:
1513:O bote de rapé
1509:Antes da Missa
1501:
1495:
1488:
1486:Quase ministro
1482:
1471:
1465:
1457:
1454:
1453:
1452:
1445:
1426:
1423:
1422:
1421:
1410:
1407:Esau and Jacob
1397:
1389:
1376:
1359:
1353:
1345:
1337:A Mão e a Luva
1332:
1317:
1314:
1309:Humberto Cozzo
1291:Bust in Lisbon
1275:
1274:
1225:
1223:
1216:
1210:
1207:
1180:Carlos Fuentes
1172:Salman Rushdie
1141:Anatole France
1133:Helen Caldwell
1072:
1069:
1042:Joaquim Nabuco
1025:
1022:
934:A Mão e a Luva
921:He wrote five
907:
904:
895:
892:
884:Diário Oficial
844:Jonathan Swift
800:
797:
741:Rio de Janeiro
728:
725:
723:
720:
687:Rio de Janeiro
608:
607:
604:
603:
596:
592:
591:
588:
584:
583:
581:
580:
578:Gustavo Corção
566:Plínio Salgado
560:Joaquim Nabuco
476:Cyro dos Anjos
457:
456:
455:
453:
449:
448:
446:
445:
334:
333:
332:
330:
326:
325:
316:
312:
311:
308:
304:
303:
300:
296:
295:
284:
280:
277:
276:
274:
270:
269:
263:Rio de Janeiro
260:(aged 69)
254:
250:
249:
243:Rio de Janeiro
229:
227:
223:
222:
218:
217:
214:
213:
208:
202:
201:
198:
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191:
181:
180:
173:
172:
169:
168:
155:
147:
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143:
136:
135:
131:
130:
123:
112:
90:
87:
76:
73:
54:
53:
52:
50:
43:
15:
9:
6:
4:
3:
2:
8359:
8348:
8345:
8343:
8340:
8338:
8335:
8333:
8330:
8328:
8325:
8323:
8320:
8318:
8315:
8313:
8310:
8308:
8305:
8303:
8300:
8298:
8295:
8293:
8290:
8288:
8285:
8283:
8280:
8278:
8275:
8273:
8270:
8268:
8265:
8263:
8260:
8258:
8255:
8253:
8250:
8248:
8245:
8243:
8240:
8239:
8237:
8222:
8219:
8217:
8214:
8212:
8209:
8207:
8204:
8202:
8199:
8198:
8196:
8192:
8185:
8182:
8179:
8178:
8176:
8174:
8170:
8163:
8160:
8157:
8154:
8151:
8148:
8147:
8145:
8143:
8139:
8132:
8129:
8126:
8123:
8120:
8117:
8114:
8111:
8108:
8105:
8102:
8099:
8098:
8096:
8092:
8086:
8085:Eduardo Prado
8083:
8081:
8078:
8076:
8073:
8071:
8068:
8066:
8063:
8061:
8058:
8056:
8053:
8051:
8048:
8046:
8043:
8041:
8038:
8036:
8033:
8031:
8028:
8026:
8023:
8021:
8018:
8017:
8015:
8011:
8005:
8002:
8000:
7997:
7995:
7992:
7990:
7987:
7985:
7982:
7980:
7977:
7975:
7972:
7970:
7969:Liberal Party
7967:
7966:
7964:
7960:
7955:
7944:
7941:
7939:
7936:
7934:
7931:
7929:
7926:
7924:
7921:
7920:
7918:
7916:Organizations
7914:
7910:
7906:
7899:
7894:
7892:
7887:
7885:
7880:
7879:
7876:
7865:
7863:
7857:
7851:
7845:
7839:
7838:Afonso Arinos
7833:
7832:Eduardo Prado
7828:
7822:
7816:
7810:
7804:
7798:
7797:Elmano Cardim
7792:
7786:
7780:
7774:
7769:
7763:
7757:
7751:
7745:
7739:
7733:
7728:
7722:
7716:
7710:
7704:
7698:
7692:
7686:
7680:
7675:
7669:
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7439:Moacyr Scliar
7434:
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7415:Paulo Setúbal
7410:
7404:
7399:
7392:
7386:
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7367:
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7343:Pardal Mallet
7338:
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7307:Artur Azevedo
7303:
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7243:Levi Carneiro
7238:
7232:
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7214:Marcos Vilaça
7209:
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7196:Ribeiro Couto
7191:
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7091:Júlio Ribeiro
7086:
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7055:Alfredo Pujol
7050:
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6979:Adonias Filho
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6950:Joaquim Serra
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6811:Alberto Faria
6806:
6800:
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6789:
6783:
6777:
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6759:
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6752:Sílvio Romero
6748:
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6723:Félix Pacheco
6718:
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6676:Amadeu Amaral
6671:
6666:
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6606:Augusto Meyer
6601:
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6547:Abgar Renault
6542:
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6524:
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6518:França Júnior
6513:
6507:
6501:
6500:Celso Furtado
6495:
6494:Darcy Ribeiro
6489:
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6477:
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6470:Eduardo Ramos
6465:
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6406:Osvaldo Orico
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6027:Bernardo Élis
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4639:Nikolai Gogol
4637:
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4296:
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4273:
4271:
4270:P. B. Shelley
4268:
4266:
4263:
4261:
4258:
4256:
4253:
4251:
4250:Mary Robinson
4248:
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4007:
4005:
4002:
4000:
3997:
3995:
3992:
3990:
3987:
3985:
3982:
3980:
3979:Chateaubriand
3977:
3975:
3972:
3970:
3967:
3966:
3964:
3962:
3958:
3952:
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3810:
3809:
3808:Mal du siècle
3805:
3803:
3800:
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3471:
3467:
3466:
3464:
3462:Short stories
3460:
3453:
3452:
3448:
3447:
3445:
3441:
3436:
3425:
3424:
3420:
3417:
3416:
3412:
3409:
3408:
3407:Quincas Borba
3404:
3401:
3400:
3396:
3393:
3392:
3388:
3385:
3384:
3380:
3377:
3376:
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3325:
3316:
3307:
3306:
3300:
3296:
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3274:
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3250:
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3210:
3206:
3204:
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3190:
3187:
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3179:
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3173:Quincas Borba
3170:
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3139:
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3120:
3119:
3115:
3114:Brazil portal
3104:
3101:
3090:
3087:
3076:
3073:
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3062:
3059:
3048:
3037:
3033:
3030:
3027:
3023:
3020:
3019:
3014:
3013:Sontag, Susan
3011:
3008:
3004:
3000:
2997:
2996:Duas Meninas.
2993:
2990:
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2761:
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2754:
2751:
2747:
2746:Aranha, Graça
2744:
2741:
2737:
2734:
2731:
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2713:
2709:
2703:
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2153:
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2135:
2133:
2131:
2129:
2127:
2122:
2115:
2113:
2112:Google Doodle
2109:
2096:
2085:
2082:
2078:
2067:
2066:
2057:
2054:
2050:
2049:
2045:
2040:
2028:
2024:
2021:
2017:
2014:
2010:
2007:
2003:
2000:
1996:
1993:
1989:
1986:
1985:Resurrection.
1982:
1979:
1978:The Alienist.
1975:
1972:
1968:
1965:
1961:
1958:
1954:
1951:
1947:
1943:
1940:
1936:
1932:
1928:
1925:
1921:
1918:
1914:
1911:
1907:
1904:
1900:
1896:
1892:
1889:
1885:
1881:
1877:
1874:
1870:
1866:
1862:
1859:
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1853:
1852:
1851:
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1825:
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1816:
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1806:
1802:
1800:
1796:
1794:
1790:
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1778:
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1742:
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1729:
1725:
1722:
1718:
1717:
1708:
1706:
1701:
1697:
1694:
1692:
1687:
1686:Oliver Twist,
1683:
1680:
1678:
1673:
1669:
1667:
1663:
1659:
1655:
1652:
1648:
1644:
1643:
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1608:
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1446:
1443:
1439:
1435:
1434:
1429:
1428:
1419:
1415:
1411:
1408:
1404:
1403:
1398:
1396:
1395:
1390:
1387:
1383:
1382:
1381:Quincas Borba
1377:
1374:
1370:
1366:
1365:
1360:
1358:
1354:
1352:
1351:
1346:
1343:
1339:
1338:
1333:
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1326:
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1320:
1319:
1310:
1306:
1302:
1297:
1289:
1281:
1271:
1268:
1260:
1250:
1246:
1242:
1236:
1235:
1231:
1226:This section
1224:
1220:
1215:
1214:
1209:List of works
1206:
1204:
1199:
1197:
1193:
1189:
1185:
1181:
1177:
1173:
1169:
1164:
1160:
1158:
1154:
1150:
1149:Samuel Putnam
1146:
1142:
1138:
1134:
1128:
1126:
1122:
1118:
1114:
1110:
1106:
1103:
1099:
1094:
1086:
1082:
1077:
1068:
1065:
1063:
1059:
1055:
1051:
1047:
1043:
1039:
1030:
1021:
1019:
1015:
1011:
1010:
1005:
1002:
1001:
1000:Quincas Borba
994:
991:
987:
986:republicanism
982:
978:
975:
970:
968:
964:
963:
958:
954:
950:
946:
942:
941:
936:
935:
930:
929:
924:
919:
917:
913:
903:
901:
891:
889:
885:
881:
877:
868:
864:
862:
861:Life of Jesus
858:
853:
849:
845:
841:
837:
833:
829:
825:
820:
818:
814:
805:
796:
794:
790:
786:
782:
778:
774:
770:
769:São Cristóvão
765:
762:
758:
754:
750:
746:
742:
733:
719:
717:
713:
712:
711:Quincas Borba
707:
703:
702:
697:
696:
690:
688:
682:
677:
672:
670:
666:
662:
658:
654:
650:
646:
642:
638:
637:
631:
627:
622:
614:
605:
601:
597:
593:
589:
585:
579:
573:
567:
561:
555:
554:Jorge de Lima
549:
543:
537:
531:
525:
519:
513:
512:José Saramago
507:
501:
495:
489:
488:Murilo Rubião
483:
477:
471:
465:
462:
461:
454:
450:
444:
438:
432:
426:
420:
414:
408:
402:
396:
390:
384:
378:
372:
366:
360:
354:
348:
342:
339:
338:
331:
327:
324:
320:
317:
313:
309:
305:
301:
297:
275:
271:
268:
264:
255:
251:
248:
244:
228:
224:
219:
215:
212:
209:
203:
199:
193:
187:
182:
179:
174:
170:
159:
153:
148:
141:
128:
124:
121:
113:
107:
103:
99:
95:
91:
88:
85:
81:
77:
75:
74:
68:
62:
61:in Portuguese
60:
55:You can help
51:
42:
41:
36:
32:
28:
24:
19:
8181:Pedro Gastão
8164:(since 2022)
8024:
7844:Miguel Couto
7815:Marco Maciel
7744:Celso Vieira
7732:Graça Aranha
7721:Arno Wehling
7638:Afonso Celso
7633:Teófilo Dias
7550:Lauro Müller
7533:Sousa Caldas
7515:Luís Edmundo
7498:Raul Pompeia
7462:Ramiz Galvão
7395:
7372:Nélida Piñon
7348:Pedro Rabelo
7331:José Mindlin
7302:Martins Pena
7073:Zélia Gattai
7042:
7026:Ivo Pitanguy
6997:Paulo Coelho
6947:
6929:Gilberto Gil
6729:Pedro Calmon
6653:Miguel Reale
6559:Alfredo Bosi
6450:
6303:Cacá Diegues
6244:Castro Alves
6167:Oswaldo Cruz
6150:Carlos Nejar
6138:Alcides Maia
6001:
5937:
5930:
5923:
5907:
5627:Porto-Alegre
5281:Philosophers
5165:Rachmaninoff
4614:Chavchavadze
4604:Baratashvili
4364:João de Deus
4333:Wincenty Pol
4125:Küchelbecker
3905:
3853:
3819:Noble savage
3806:
3772:
3747:Wallenrodism
3724:
3710:
3641:Coppet group
3575:(literature)
3502:
3494:
3488:The Alienist
3486:
3449:
3421:
3415:Dom Casmurro
3413:
3405:
3397:
3389:
3381:
3375:Ressurreição
3373:
3357:
3303:
3298:
3277:
3268:
3208:
3185:
3171:
3164:
3159:Dom Casmurro
3157:
3150:
3035:
3025:
3016:
3006:
3002:
2995:
2988:
2981:
2974:
2967:
2957:
2950:
2943:
2936:
2929:
2922:
2915:
2908:
2901:
2894:
2887:
2880:
2869:
2862:
2855:
2848:
2838:
2831:
2824:
2817:
2803:
2796:
2789:
2782:
2775:
2764:
2756:
2749:
2739:
2729:
2711:
2701:
2691:
2687:
2678:
2657:
2648:
2640:
2635:
2623:. Retrieved
2619:
2610:
2599:the original
2594:
2581:
2572:
2548:
2543:
2535:
2530:
2522:
2518:
2495:
2486:
2477:
2468:
2413:
2356:
2352:
2346:
2303:
2295:the original
2290:
2281:
2273:
2185:
2177:
2172:
2164:
2159:
2151:
2143:
2105:
2055:(1896–1908).
2026:
2019:
2012:
2005:
1998:
1991:
1984:
1977:
1970:
1963:
1956:
1950:Iaiá Garcia.
1949:
1945:
1938:
1934:
1930:
1923:
1916:
1909:
1902:
1898:
1894:
1887:
1883:
1879:
1872:
1868:
1864:
1856:
1848:
1847:
1841:
1834:
1827:
1820:
1814:
1810:
1809:
1804:
1798:
1792:
1786:
1780:
1774:
1768:
1761:
1754:
1747:
1740:
1733:
1727:
1720:
1703:
1699:
1689:
1685:
1675:
1671:
1661:
1657:
1650:
1646:
1640:Translations
1633:
1622:
1616:
1610:
1602:(including "
1599:
1593:
1587:
1573:
1567:
1561:
1554:
1550:
1544:
1531:
1525:
1519:
1512:
1508:
1504:
1498:
1491:
1485:
1478:
1474:
1468:
1462:
1448:
1442:The Alienist
1441:
1437:
1431:
1417:
1413:
1406:
1400:
1394:Dom Casmurro
1392:
1385:
1379:
1372:
1368:
1362:
1356:
1348:
1341:
1335:
1329:Resurrection
1328:
1324:Ressurreição
1322:
1263:
1254:
1239:Please help
1227:
1200:
1192:Harold Bloom
1188:Susan Sontag
1167:
1165:
1161:
1157:Susan Sontag
1145:Daphne Patai
1129:
1105:Harold Bloom
1090:
1066:
1035:
1017:
1013:
1009:Dom Casmurro
1007:
1003:
998:
995:
981:Lima Barreto
974:abolitionist
971:
966:
960:
944:
938:
932:
928:Ressurreição
926:
920:
915:
911:
909:
899:
897:
883:
880:Dom Pedro II
875:
873:
860:
857:Ernest Renan
851:
821:
816:
812:
810:
780:
776:
772:
766:
760:
756:
749:freed slaves
738:
715:
709:
705:
699:
695:Dom Casmurro
693:
691:
673:
653:multilingual
633:
629:
625:
612:
611:
371:Schopenhauer
258:(1908-09-29)
240:21 June 1839
206:Succeeded by
185:
102:edit summary
93:
64:
56:
34:
30:
18:
8252:1908 deaths
8247:1839 births
8183:(1940–2007)
8158:(1981–2022)
8152:(1921–1981)
8121:(1896-1897)
8115:(1893-1895)
8109:(1893-1894)
7928:Black Guard
7862:Edmar Bacha
7785:Rocha Pombo
7762:José Sarney
7615:Celso Cunha
7184:João do Rio
7067:Jorge Amado
7032:João Almino
6817:Luís Carlos
6770:Álvaro Lins
6670:Olavo Bilac
6659:Celso Lafer
6535:Vítor Viana
6394:Rui Barbosa
6273:Hermes Lima
6050:Coelho Neto
5617:Michałowski
5449:Wackenroder
5414:F. Schlegel
5409:A. Schlegel
5185:Tchaikovsky
5074:Bortkiewicz
4946:R. Schumann
4941:C. Schumann
4906:Kalkbrenner
4875:Saint-Saëns
4180:Anne Brontë
4065:Eichendorff
4050:B. v. Arnim
4045:A. v. Arnim
3855:Weltschmerz
3814:Medievalism
3763:Blue flower
3691:Nationalist
3636:Bohemianism
3548:Romanticism
3480:Adaptations
3454:(1881–1882)
3315:Rui Barbosa
1604:O alienista
1505:A Sonâmbula
1481:(two plays)
1479:O protocolo
1469:Desencantos
1433:O alienista
1402:Esaú e Jacó
1357:Iaiá Garcia
1203:fourth wall
1184:Woody Allen
1137:Edith Fowke
1113:Shakespeare
1038:monarchists
1024:Later years
1016:(1904) and
1014:Esaú e Jacó
953:melancholic
945:Iaiá Garcia
679: [
636:Cosme Velho
587:Other names
518:Rubem Braga
500:Jorge Amado
431:Shakespeare
383:Victor Hugo
319:Romanticism
211:Ruy Barbosa
196:Preceded by
165: 1880
158:Marc Ferrez
156:Picture by
66:(June 2024)
27:family name
8236:Categories
7905:Monarchism
7208:Mauro Mota
6985:Dias Gomes
6911:Múcio Leão
6864:Silva Melo
6624:Ruy Castro
6600:Hélio Lobo
6144:Viana Moog
6009:Luís Murat
5492:Chassériau
5467:Aivazovsky
5175:Rubinstein
5160:Mussorgsky
5109:Wieniawski
5094:Paderewski
4936:Moszkowski
4719:Vörösmarty
4709:Shevchenko
4563:Longfellow
4487:Batyushkov
4482:Baratynsky
4451:Espronceda
4318:Mickiewicz
4313:Malczewski
4280:Wordsworth
4265:M. Shelley
4220:de Quincey
4085:Günderrode
3969:Baudelaire
3849:Wanderlust
3686:Lake Poets
3309:1897–1908
3299:New office
3285:1897–1908
2672:References
1939:The Wager,
1793:Casa Velha
1764:(articles)
1714:Posthumous
1568:Ocidentais
1562:Americanas
1545:Crisálidas
1449:Casa velha
1299:Statue in
1257:March 2018
1139:(Canada),
1079:Volume of
990:monarchist
916:Americanas
906:Literature
876:Crisálidas
840:Lord Byron
464:John Barth
452:Influenced
329:Influences
299:Occupation
236:1839-06-21
5932:Modernism
5592:Kiprensky
5552:Géricault
5537:Friedrich
5527:Delacroix
5502:Constable
5482:Bonington
5472:Bierstadt
5424:Senancour
5399:Schelling
5354:Lamennais
5349:Khomyakov
5314:Coleridge
5309:Chaadayev
5216:Stanković
5211:Mokranjac
5130:Balakirev
5089:Moniuszko
5038:Donizetti
5033:Cherubini
4931:Meyerbeer
4916:Marschner
4891:Beethoven
4804:Moscheles
4738:Musicians
4724:Wergeland
4689:Orbeliani
4644:Grundtvig
4548:Hawthorne
4517:Zhukovsky
4512:Vyazemsky
4497:Lermontov
4456:Gutiérrez
4415:Radičević
4379:Herculano
4303:Krasiński
4245:Radcliffe
4215:Coleridge
4190:E. Brontë
4185:C. Brontë
4115:Jean Paul
4110:Hölderlin
3999:Lamartine
3936:Magalhães
3926:Guimarães
3834:Pantheism
3824:Nostalgia
3676:Indianism
3624:Movements
3555:Countries
2276:, p. 267.
1705:The Raven
1228:does not
1117:Cervantes
957:realistic
722:Biography
651:. He was
641:Brazilian
634:Bruxo do
595:Signature
443:Cervantes
310:1864–1908
186:In office
120:talk page
8162:Bertrand
7390:31 to 40
6942:21 to 30
6445:11 to 20
6418:Lêdo Ivo
5944:Category
5760:Dahlhaus
5745:Blanning
5712:Scholars
5682:Tropinin
5677:Tidemand
5667:Stattler
5662:Scheffer
5562:Głowacki
5532:Edelfelt
5487:Bryullov
5429:Snellman
5404:Schiller
5394:Rousseau
5374:Michelet
5319:Constant
5289:Belinsky
5262:Sibelius
5206:Konjović
5180:Scriabin
5150:Lyapunov
5084:Lipiński
5053:Spontini
5043:Paganini
4987:Goldmark
4778:Thalberg
4773:Schubert
4753:Bruckner
4714:Topelius
4704:Runeberg
4694:Prešeren
4664:Leopardi
4629:Frashëri
4619:Eminescu
4599:Andersen
4507:Tyutchev
4492:Karamzin
4466:Zorrilla
4461:Saavedra
4359:Castilho
4347:Portugal
4338:Słowacki
4240:Polidori
4170:Barbauld
4105:Hoffmann
4060:Brentano
3974:Bertrand
3795:Romantic
3631:Ancients
3605:Scotland
3472:" (1891)
3443:Novellas
3249:LibriVox
3034:(1916).
3026:Américas
2966:(1985).
2847:(1974).
2748:(1923).
2738:(1943).
2662:Archived
2625:12 April
2150:(1970),
1762:Crônicas
1734:A Semana
1700:O Corvo,
1425:Novellas
1040:such as
1012:(1899),
1006:(1891),
949:epilepsy
925:novels:
923:romantic
900:O Futuro
698:(1899),
674:Born in
630:Machado,
458:See list
425:Voltaire
335:See list
315:Movement
96:provide
21:In this
5996:1 to 10
5785:Lovejoy
5720:Abraham
5642:Richard
5632:Préault
5557:Girodet
5439:Thoreau
5384:Novalis
5369:Mazzini
5364:Maistre
5339:Hazlitt
5324:Emerson
5304:Carlyle
5294:Berchet
5237:Berwald
5232:Bennett
5201:Hristić
5155:Medtner
5135:Borodin
5125:Arensky
5048:Rossini
5023:Bellini
5002:Joachim
4975:Hungary
4956:Strauss
4884:Germany
4850:Berlioz
4819:Voříšek
4814:Smetana
4792:Czechia
4746:Austria
4679:Maturin
4674:Manzoni
4649:Heliade
4624:Foscolo
4594:Alfieri
4589:Abovian
4543:Emerson
4502:Pushkin
4441:Bécquer
4374:Garrett
4328:Potocki
4275:Southey
4235:Maturin
4205:Carlyle
4162:Britain
4135:Novalis
4090:Gutzkow
4038:Germany
4004:Mérimée
3989:Gautier
3916:Barreto
3911:Azevedo
3891:Alencar
3871:Writers
3790:Byronic
3726:Purismo
3580:Germany
3562:Denmark
3269:Patron:
3238:at the
2102:Tribute
2083:(1867).
2063:Honours
2034:Honours
2025:2018 –
2018:2018 –
2011:2018 –
2004:2016 –
1997:2014 –
1990:2013 –
1983:2013 –
1976:2012 –
1969:2008 –
1962:1984 –
1955:1977 –
1944:1976 –
1929:1972 –
1922:1970 –
1915:1965 –
1908:1963 –
1893:1954 –
1878:1953 –
1863:1952 –
1854:1921 –
1840:2006 –
1833:1997 –
1826:1962 –
1819:1920 –
1803:1958 –
1797:1956 –
1791:1944 –
1785:1939 –
1779:1937 –
1773:1937 –
1767:1937 –
1760:1937 –
1753:1932 –
1746:1921 –
1739:1921 –
1732:1914 –
1728:Crítica
1726:1910 –
1719:1910 –
1698:1883 –
1684:1870 –
1670:1866 –
1656:1865 –
1645:1861 –
1632:1906 –
1621:1899 –
1615:1896 –
1609:1884 –
1598:1882 –
1592:1873 –
1586:1870 –
1572:1901 –
1566:1901 –
1560:1875 –
1551:Falenas
1549:1870 –
1543:1864 –
1530:1906 –
1524:1896 –
1518:1881 –
1503:1878 –
1497:1866 –
1490:1865 –
1484:1864 –
1473:1863 –
1467:1861 –
1461:1860 –
1447:1886 –
1430:1881 –
1412:1908 –
1399:1904 –
1391:1899 –
1378:1891 –
1361:1881 –
1355:1878 –
1347:1876 –
1334:1874 –
1321:1872 –
1249:removed
1234:sources
959:tone":
912:Falenas
661:English
377:Spinoza
359:Alencar
323:Realism
293:
285:
281:
118:to the
100:in the
63:.
31:Machado
8133:(1993)
8127:(1902)
8103:(1822)
8013:People
7909:Brazil
7388:Chairs
6940:Chairs
6443:Chairs
6384:Vacant
5994:Chairs
5810:Wellek
5790:de Man
5775:Janion
5765:Ferber
5740:Berlin
5735:Beiser
5730:Barzun
5725:Abrams
5702:Wiertz
5687:Turner
5637:Révoil
5622:Palmer
5612:Martin
5607:Leutze
5582:Janmot
5542:Fuseli
5497:Church
5389:Quinet
5379:Müller
5334:Goethe
5329:Fichte
5252:Franck
5194:Serbia
5145:Glinka
5118:Russia
5104:Tausig
5099:Stolpe
5079:Chopin
5067:Poland
5028:Busoni
4992:Heller
4961:Wagner
4896:Brahms
4870:Onslow
4860:Halévy
4828:France
4809:Reicha
4799:Dvořák
4768:Mahler
4763:Hummel
4758:Czerny
4654:Isaacs
4634:Geijer
4568:Lowell
4558:Irving
4538:Cooper
4533:Bryant
4475:Russia
4410:Njegoš
4405:Kostić
4400:Jakšić
4393:Serbia
4323:Norwid
4298:Fredro
4290:Poland
4260:Seward
4150:Uhland
4140:Schwab
4130:Mörike
4120:Kleist
4075:Goethe
4070:Fouqué
4019:Nodier
4014:Nerval
4009:Musset
3961:France
3951:Varela
3946:Taunay
3931:Macedo
3879:Brazil
3829:Ossian
3756:Themes
3595:Poland
3590:Norway
3572:France
3507:(2008)
3504:Capitu
3499:(2001)
3491:(1970)
3426:(1904)
3418:(1899)
3410:(1891)
3402:(1881)
3394:(1876)
3391:Helena
3386:(1874)
3378:(1872)
3366:Novels
2810:
2658:Google
2108:Google
2092:
2074:
1941:2005).
1538:Poetry
1350:Helena
1316:Novels
1301:Madrid
1194:, and
1159:(US).
940:Helena
753:Azores
708:) and
665:German
657:French
413:Sterne
401:Goethe
353:Mattos
347:Vieira
341:Camões
307:Period
273:Spouse
7945:(UNR)
5896:Bacon
5805:Rosen
5800:Ricks
5795:Nancy
5755:Blume
5750:Bloom
5672:Stroy
5657:Saleh
5652:Runge
5602:Lampi
5587:Jones
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5512:Corot
5477:Blake
5444:Tieck
5434:Staël
5359:Larra
5344:Hegel
5299:Burke
5257:Grieg
5247:Field
5242:Elgar
5225:Other
5058:Verdi
5016:Italy
5007:Liszt
4997:Hubay
4982:Erkel
4966:Weber
4951:Spohr
4911:Loewe
4901:Bruch
4865:Méhul
4855:Fauré
4845:Auber
4840:Alkan
4699:Raffi
4669:Mácha
4659:Lenau
4609:Botev
4582:Other
4434:Spain
4369:Dinis
4255:Scott
4230:Keats
4210:Clare
4200:Byron
4195:Burns
4175:Blake
4160:Great
4145:Tieck
4100:Heine
4095:Hauff
4029:Vigny
4024:Staël
3984:Dumas
3906:Assis
3901:Alves
3886:Abreu
3839:Rhine
3742:Ultra
3585:Japan
3354:Works
2602:(PDF)
2591:(PDF)
2359:: 97.
2118:Notes
1702:from
1456:Plays
1305:Spain
1125:Pardo
1121:black
1109:Dante
848:Greek
683:]
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437:Dante
407:Swift
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5567:Goya
5517:Dahl
5507:Cole
4835:Adam
4783:Wolf
4526:U.S.
4425:Zmaj
4055:Beer
3994:Hugo
3941:Reis
3921:Dias
3785:Hero
3720:Post
3681:Jena
3651:Dark
2879:In:
2808:ISBN
2627:2024
1511:and
1477:and
1232:any
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1052:and
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761:Dona
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667:and
253:Died
226:Born
176:1st
94:must
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