New Zealand cuisine

2428:, "...here was a time when discriminating eaters were told to take a packed lunch when visiting New Zealand. Now it is consistently good and also, at the upper end, very cheap. With an exchange rate of around $ NZ1.20 equalling A$ 1 meals at the best restaurants in Auckland work out at around A$ 25 for mains and that, literally, is half what you would pay for the same in Sydney's upmarket restaurants." A number of Sydney and Melbourne fine-dining restaurants have Auckland connections, such as Wildfire restaurant in Sydney, owned by the former owner of Cin Cin in Auckland. 1953: 1601: 1719: 1786: 1475:

cultural outlook away from the British Isles, and this also made foreign cooking styles more acceptable among the general public. The same era also saw the moneyed populations feeling free to openly emulate the luxurious eating and drinking habits of upper and upper middle classes overseas, as the traditional New Zealand preference of egalitarianism, manifested in widespread prejudice against any deviation from lower-middle-class lifestyles, waned in influence. In the words of New Zealand-based anthropologist

1918:'—in the evening. The move from midday to evening dinners began in the early 20th century, although the tradition of a midday dinner on Sunday remained well into the 1960s. In 1962, a nationwide food survey reported 75% of households normally ate their main meal in the evening, but over 50% of households ate their Sunday main meal at midday. The survey was repeated in 1982, by which time 83% of households ate their main meal in the evening, and only 21% of households ate their Sunday main meal at midday. 6657: 372: 1585: 2069: 2298: 854: 6668: 258: 6708: 1146: 953: 132: 1934:, a pit in which meats or fish are cooked with vegetables. A deep hole is dug in the ground, lined with red-hot stones and covered with vegetation. The food is then placed on top and covered with damp cloth or leaves. Water is added before the hole is quickly covered with earth and left to steam for several hours. Traditionally, men dig and prepare the hole, and women prepare the food to go in it. All members of an extended family ( 6688: 36: 6698: 1236: 1084: 6678: 6645: 2284: 77: 1223:(stinking water), also became acceptable in Māori life. Most Māori tribes grew surpluses of food for trade with other tribes and with European visitors and settlers. Some tribes grew wealthy from this trade, although the Māori food industry declined in the mid-nineteenth century because of land loss and competition from settler farmers. Many traditional food sources, such as the 1488:

but often dishes had to be modified to use local ingredients. Ethnic restaurants have served as community meeting places and have also given other New Zealanders a chance to try different cuisines. However, for most of its history there were few ethnic restaurants in New Zealand other than inauthentic Chinese, Indian and Italian eateries.

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diners and chefs have always been well informed of the trends in the Australian dining scene. Many chefs had worked in Australia and endeavour to learn from their trans-Tasman counterparts, and in time the changing Australian culinary scene has trickle-down effects on the New Zealand cuisine as well.

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People from many different backgrounds have settled in New Zealand, and many have tried to reproduce their native cuisines or national dishes in New Zealand. Similar to early Pākehā settlers, this often proved difficult. Larger ethnic groups, such as the Chinese, were able to import some ingredients,

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places or objects. If it did, the tapu of the place or object, and often the people associated with it, would be at risk. High chiefs, and people engaged in tapu work such as tattooing, were tapu and were restricted in how they could deal with food, with the most tapu needing to be fed by others. One

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consumption only about 2.6 litres in 1966. The high price of imported wines probably prevented New Zealanders from developing a taste for wine, although it did help sales of local vintages. The quality of these wines slowly improved, with New Zealand wines winning three gold and 13 silver medals at

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and their allies for people to eat less meat, and more cereals, fruits, and vegetables, a highly meat-based diet remains a part of New Zealand culture, albeit with a decrease in red meat consumption, and intake of fish and chicken has been on the rise due to their relative affordability compared to

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Concurrently, food habits are changing in Australia to lighter fares influenced by the Mediterranean, and subsequently Southeast Asian, styles of cooking. The proximity, common history, and strong modern political, economic, cultural, and family ties between the two countries means many New Zealand

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presented by Richard Till, which is believed to be a public response to a common perception that the traditional Kiwiana dishes are disappearing from the New Zealand tables. Home baking is particularly believed to be the last bastion of New Zealand cuisine still unaffected by international trends.

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In general, there are minimal differences between the food preference of New Zealand and Australia. The food trends in New Zealand tend to trail its trans-Tasman counterparts by a few years to a decade, such as Mediterranean cookery, which did not become mainstream in New Zealand until the dawn of

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which involves submerging corn cobs under running water to ferment before its kernels are scraped off and formed into cakes to roast or steam. A coffee and spice merchant of European descent, David Strang, invented instant coffee in Invercargill in 1890. The drink quickly spread around New Zealand

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Ingredients for many ethnic dishes have become much easier to find in major cities, mostly through speciality or ethnic food stores started by many of the post-1987 migrants to New Zealand, but in some cases also through mainstream New Zealand supermarket chains. Similar to Australia, in time the

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across the Tasman to New Zealand as guest chefs at Soul from time to time specifically to teach her staff about current Australian food trends, and some of their styles of cooking have become part of the standard menu at Soul which subsequently become part of the New Zealand eating scene via the

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Nineteenth-century British settlers in New Zealand tried as much as possible to reproduce the foods of their homeland. In the early stages of colonisation this was difficult as many ingredients were unavailable. They ate native birds and fish, and used local ingredients in substitution for those

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red meat. Annual meat consumption was 75.2 kg (166 lb) per capita in 2019, comprising 41.1 kg (91 lb) of chicken and other poultry, 18.9 kg (42 lb) of pork, ham and bacon, 11.6 kg (26 lb) of beef and veal, and 3.6 kg (7.9 lb) of lamb and mutton.

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On top of changes in available ingredients, the 1980s also witnessed a wholescale liberalisation in attitude towards the formerly 'foreign muck' cooking styles and segmentation of lifestyles according to income and socio-economic status. New Zealand had by this time developed a largely distinct

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and foreign cuisine styles interact with modern New Zealand cuisine, with chefs from New Zealand actively learning overseas trends, and chefs like Peter Gordon, bakers such as Dean Brettschneider, and foodies such as Lauraine Jacobs influencing fusion cuisines derived from New Zealand cuisine.

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is also used. Stones are heated by fire and food packed in leaves placed on top. These packs are then covered with foliage, cloth, or wet sacks, and then a layer of earth. Other cooking methods included roasting, boiling or steaming using geothermal heated water, and cooking over an open fire.

1338:

using unconventional plants. Most of these innovations were abandoned as the New Zealand British population increased and conventional ingredients began to be mass-imported or produced in New Zealand. One innovation which was commonly served on New Zealand tables until the mid-1980s was

1412:) in 1973 sounded the death knell of New Zealand's identity as an agricultural producer for the British Isles, and the formal cultural ties, including cuisine, with the United Kingdom started to become diluted. During this period, certain non-British or Irish European dishes, such as 1715:, which is now widely consumed around the world. In time, cafes became popular and many tearoom owners converted their businesses to cafes. Cream tea has gone out of fashion in the contemporary New Zealand dining scene, and scones are baked at homes rather than served in eateries. 1664:

the 1990s, while its influence was already felt in Australia by the 1980s. While Australia has by the early 21st century developed a well-established niche specialist produce distributing channel, a similar system is still in its infancy across the Tasman. However, in recent times

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For most of the twentieth century, New Zealand cuisine remained highly derivative of British food. Unlike Britain, New Zealand escaped major food shortages during World War II. However, demands of the US forces in the Pacific as well as exports to Britain saw meat and butter

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or wine, and on occasion meat, which the host will cook. Sometimes guests contribute a salad to the gathering instead. Traditionally, the men cook the meat. Many gardens are designed with special areas for barbecuing. Similar Māori gatherings will often feature a

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and other similar casual dining establishments. It is common for people to visit cafés regularly for lunch or morning or afternoon snacks. On the other hand, eating at a restaurant is still regarded as a special occasion or treat for most of the population.

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magazine was selected as the best food magazine in the world at the 2007 Le Cordon Bleu World Food Media Awards run by Tasting Australia and sponsored by Le Cordon Bleu, beating other food magazines published in other parts of the English-speaking

1945:) in which each guest will bring a plate of food to share. This allows people to host large groups without incurring serious expense. Similar customs include guests bringing salads or meat to a barbecue. Most New Zealand parties are ' 1343:, a stuffed leg of lamb which substituted for goose. A major difference between British and New Zealand British food was that meat was much more readily available to all social classes in New Zealand. Whereas in nineteenth-century 2707: 1503:

has greatly increased since. Many of these immigrants have brought their cuisines to New Zealand, and often opened ethnic restaurants and takeaway eateries, giving New Zealanders a chance to try more authentic editions of

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Rogernomics also abolished most import tariffs and instituted a more relaxed agricultural product import quarantine regime. This allowed hitherto prohibited or prohibitively expensive specialty foods, such as genuine

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to New Zealand, and these high-yield varieties quickly superseded the original varieties of kūmara. (Today, most kūmara are the commercial varieties: Owairaka Red, Toka Toka Gold and Beauregard.) The introduction of

1894:, either pale or amber in colour, and between 4%–5% alcohol by volume. There are also over 100 smaller craft breweries and brewpubs producing a vast range of beer styles. The two largest breweries in New Zealand, 2003:, bakeries, supermarkets, petrol stations, and school canteens. Pies are usually made with beef mince or steak, lamb, chicken, veggies, or pork; sweet pies are less common. A fast-food chain based on pies, 2362:

are now a normal part of New Zealand household pantries. Many New Zealanders still regard these as 'ethnic' ingredients, although as in Australia the foreign connotation is decreasing with the passage of

1347:, labourers ate meat in very small quantities, in New Zealand they could have it for every meal. Since meat was a high-status food in Britain, British settlers in New Zealand ate vast quantities of it. 1616:', but reinterpreted through Pacific Rim cooking knowledge, is a popular cooking style for eating-out scenes even in the most remote rural regions. Most of the home cooking prepared at households in 1528:. Over time these ethnic cuisines have been gradually accepted by Pākehā and Māori New Zealanders. Consequently, most New Zealand cities have a wide variety of ethnic restaurants, and foods such as 1471:

from Thailand, to be available in New Zealand at reasonable costs. These two developments from Rogernomics have given birth to a proliferation of specialist food products available in New Zealand.

1435:(named for the then-Minister of Finance, Roger Douglas) that abolished farm subsidies, forcing many farmers to find alternative means of survival. Many chose to produce specialty cheese types like 1054:, or resource restrictions, included forbidding the hunting of certain species in particular places or at certain times of year to allow populations to be maintained. Seafood consumed included 1416:, had shed the 'ethnic' connotation and entered mainstream New Zealand cooking. The 1970s also saw major changes in take-away food with the arrival of the first American fast-food chains: 1305:

A dish served during Matariki feasts or at hākari (feasts) on the marae is parāoa parai (fry bread). They are described as crispy and golden brown on the outside and fluffy on the inside.

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Perry, George L. W.; Wheeler, Andrew B.; Wood, Jamie R.; Wilmshurst, Janet M. (2014). "A high-precision chronology for the rapid extinction of New Zealand moa (Aves, Dinornithiformes)".

1254:, which is likely to contain foods brought to New Zealand by Māori and by pākehā. In recent decades, there has been much concern that Māori are disproportionately likely to suffer from 901:

is largely driven by local ingredients and seasonal variations. As an island nation with a primarily agricultural economy, New Zealand yields produce from land and sea. Similar to the

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New Zealand has a successful wine industry, with about 76 million litres being exported in the year to June 2007. The first vines are thought to have been introduced by missionary

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increasing availability of ingredients gave birth to a more authentic style of ethnic cooking, and some ethnic ingredients have been adopted for local cooking: ingredients such as

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between 1943 and 1950. From about the 1960s, the advent of affordable air travel allowed New Zealanders to travel overseas more easily. Many New Zealanders went to Europe on

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in 1963. Aided by the deregulation of the economy in the 1980s and 1990s, domestic wine consumption increased and New Zealand wine won increasing accolades internationally.

1397:. When they returned home they helped create a demand for better-quality food and more variety. They also tried to discover what New Zealand cuisine was, experimenting with 3609: 1797:, and planted in 1817 by Charles Gordon, superintendent of agriculture for the missionaries, according to Dr Richard Smart who was viticultural editor of both editions of 4136: 3918: 4091: 1826: 4126: 1964:

New Zealand's dining-out culture developed strongly in the 1960s, thanks partially to the liberalisation of liquor licensing laws (in 1961) and popularisation of

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Globally, New Zealand cuisine has little effect, although Australia does feel influences from New Zealand cuisine. The country's well known culinary export, the

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Like the British, New Zealand British have traditionally preferred sweet foods, and a wealth of baking dishes celebrate important occasions, reflected through

1046:, are a part of the traditional Māori diet as well. Problems with horticulture were made up for by an abundance of bird and marine life. The large, flightless 3702: 1243:

Present day Māori cuisine is a mixture of Māori tradition, old-fashioned English cookery, and contemporary dishes. Some Māori names for consumables, like

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The author David Burton has witnessed plenty of New Zealand comments that they are thankful New Zealand no longer eats much of traditional Kiwiana fare.

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culture has developed, similar to that in the United States. Many American fast-food chains have a presence in New Zealand, and local variants (such as

3995: 1189:, and many types of fruit also became a part of the Māori diet and were widely traded with visiting ships. American sailors brought new varieties of 2395: 1887: 884: 3470: 1733:

had been regarded as an alternative lifestyle for many years, but became more mainstream during the 1980s. However, despite exhortations by the

1651:, and others. An active nostalgia movement supports the traditional Kiwiana cuisine, as spearheaded by the popularity of the television series 1227:(wood pigeon) and other birds, as well as some types of fish and plants, became scarce as forests were destroyed and species were over-hunted. 983: 1476: 1620:

is now a mix of traditional Kiwiana dishes heavily modified by Mediterranean and Asian techniques and ingredients, and adapted versions of

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is home to one of the top 20 cabernet blends in the world. Marlborough and Hawkes Bay are New Zealand's two premium wine-growing regions.

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buying its assets. (The chain was revived in a limited form between 2013 and 2020, with pies being sold through McDonald's restaurants.)

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As an example, in 1984 there were only two producers of olive oil hailing from New Zealand. Twenty years later, the figure stood at 600.

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were already seen as ordinary ingredients by 2000, whereas even by the late 1980s many people would still have regarded them as exotic.

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are served virtually everywhere. Many ethnic origin dishes have been willingly adopted by New Zealanders as their own, including sushi,

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story tells of a war party which had to be postponed as no non-tapu people were available to load the food supplies into the party's

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is the most popular alcoholic drink in New Zealand, accounting for 63% of available alcohol for sale. New Zealand is ranked 27th in

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Mark McDonough of Zarbo Cafe and Deli claims how he actively sources overseas food and accompanying culinary ideas for inspiration.

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fare's reign is now the norm in much of metropolitan eating-out scenes, and traditional hearty settlers' food, now dubbed 'Kwisine

1161:) first arrived in New Zealand from the late eighteenth century, they brought their own foods with them. Some of these, especially 5633: 196: 4634: 4403: 3787: 3022: 2481: 2683: 168: 1763:

magazine, first published in 1986, has earned global fame and is held in high prestige among the worldwide foodie communities.

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at many schools in the more affluent suburbs have been replaced with sushi, a supposedly lower fat and healthier alternative.

6701: 2252: 1992: 1640: 877: 175: 149: 49: 3307: 95: 87: 2316: 1479:, this period of sea change in New Zealand's culinary culture was akin to "being let out after a long school detention". 739: 1608:

As a result of various developments, the cuisine of New Zealand in the 21st century is in a state of flux: cosmopolitan

6069: 4184: 2826:"Dietary intakes of European, Māori, Pacific and Asian adults living in Auckland: the Diabetes, Heart and Health Study" 2166: 1820:

in the 1840s. However, wine was drunk in relatively small quantities well into the twentieth century, with the average

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Metcalf, Patricia A.; Scragg, Robert R.K.; Schaaf, David; Dyall, Lorna; Black, Peter N.; Jackson, Rod (October 2008).

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have become popular since the late 20th century, generally as a social event. Guests will usually be invited to bring

1277:), which combine introduced and indigenous foods. Both dishes owe much to nineteenth-century British cooking methods. 6171: 3902: 3883: 3864: 3845: 3826: 3739: 3502: 3207: 233: 215: 182: 113: 63: 2533: 6461: 4261: 4249: 2394:

An example is Judith Tabron, owner of the Soul Bar and Bistro in Auckland. Tabron invites Australian chefs such as

724: 410: 17: 870: 818: 795: 432: 395: 164: 4520: 1734: 838: 813: 662: 153: 2628: 6346: 6331: 4897: 3557: 1890:, at around 64.7 litres per person per annum. The vast majority of beer produced in New Zealand is a type of 2825: 6732: 6351: 6237: 4783: 3948: 1707:, with filtered coffee or tea as drinks. New Zealanders have copied the Mediterranean practise of drinking 1491:

The Immigration Act 1986 completely abolished nationality preference for immigration, and immigration from

1169:, were quickly adopted by Māori. Potatoes were particularly popular as they were grown in a similar way to 2080: 6545: 6381: 6366: 6303: 6201: 5832: 3362: 1405: 1128:

food was noa, or non-sacred. This meant care had to be taken to prevent it from coming into contact with

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in 1890. The powdered drink is perhaps New Zealand's greatest contribution to international gastronomy.

754: 1624:, Chinese, and Indian dishes. In the more culturally traditional parts of the country, such as rural 6361: 6321: 6047: 6005: 6000: 5975: 5521: 4418: 4308: 4151: 4111: 4020: 3597: 2326: 2008: 2007:, was founded in 1977; however, it ran into financial trouble and went out of business in 1998, with 1129: 697: 636: 491: 6737: 1026:, and became a staple food as it could be stored over the winter. Native New Zealand plants such as 6681: 6441: 6396: 6311: 6146: 6124: 6109: 6099: 6084: 6052: 5985: 5980: 5960: 4892: 4303: 4298: 4222: 4141: 4096: 3972: 3062: 2965: 2781: 2421: 1629: 1625: 473: 55: 2420:

A positive Australian comment on modern urban New Zealand cooking, specifically Auckland, is from

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where they encountered French and Italian cooking, and also the Indian and Chinese restaurants of

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has also landed in Auckland as in Sydney by 2006, but is still unheard of in much of the country.

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alone. Immigration has led to an increase in choice and quality, with many food halls offering

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Some foods were preserved using smoke, air-drying, fermentation, or layers of fat—particularly

744: 734: 729: 538: 387: 362: 2629:"Umu and umu tī – Ngā Tohuwhenua Mai Te Rangi: A New Zealand Archeology in Aerial Photographs" 1635:

Certain vestiges of traditional Kiwiana dishes remain popular throughout the country, such as

1447:, or diversified into growing olives or grapes instead of traditional meat and dairy farming. 1091:

Similar to other Polynesian people, Māori cooked food in earth ovens, known in New Zealand as

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Kingfish crudo, lotus chips, ponzu served at the restaurant Field & Green in Wellington

1364: 1027: 929: 781: 716: 692: 684: 658: 353: 3761: 3583: 3448: 1750:, has been the object of a decades-long battle with Australia over where it was invented. 415: 8: 6711: 5760: 5663: 5653: 5628: 5511: 5441: 5411: 5406: 5228: 5218: 4813: 4736: 4612: 4480: 4470: 4413: 4276: 4078: 4000: 3985: 3792: 2939: 2602: 2403: 1776: 1700: 1451:

for cooking was commercialised in New Zealand in 1999 by a group of growers based in the

1386: 1013: 1005: 941: 803: 481: 341: 325: 6687: 3677: 2657: 2571: 1952: 1556:, such that they appear in home cooking, as well as in generic New Zealand restaurants. 1149:

Sheep grazing in Canterbury. Early British settlers introduced Western stock and crops.

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at large. Before the 1990s, tearooms proliferated throughout the country offering

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Hereaka, Whiti; Taonga, New Zealand Ministry for Culture and Heritage Te Manatu.

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and other mainly sweet baking dishes. The country's most iconic recipe book, the

1318: 999: 921: 910: 454: 6691: 6191: 2799: 2181: 1949:' (bring your own alcohol), but in this case the drinks are not usually shared. 1173:

but produced a much higher yield with less effort. Other European foods such as

975: 644: 6550: 6487: 6456: 6416: 6186: 6089: 6037: 6022: 5945: 5940: 5877: 5775: 5708: 5678: 5668: 5601: 5546: 5536: 5491: 5396: 5339: 5309: 5282: 5277: 5272: 5146: 5111: 5101: 5054: 5004: 4964: 4944: 4939: 4882: 4867: 4825: 4803: 4726: 4689: 4363: 4323: 4293: 4068: 4035: 4025: 3990: 3081:"Dining out – Food in the 20th century | NZHistory, New Zealand history online" 2399: 2373: 2247: 2217: 2171: 2151: 2121: 2111: 2031: 1972: 1877: 1810: 1794: 1753: 1747: 1712: 1684: 1648: 1636: 1545: 1521: 1496: 1444: 1409: 1390: 1344: 1340: 446: 298: 287: 2917: 2372:

There are even reports that in Auckland by 2007, the traditional fund-raising

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publishing of these dishes' recipes in popular home cookbooks in New Zealand.

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meal in New Zealand, has been popular for decades. Since the 1970s, a larger

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One major recent development in the food scene is the emergence of a genuine

1644: 1525: 1513: 1425: 1369: 1259: 1247:(also prized for its shell), have entered common New Zealand English usage. 1106: 282: 3503:"Dr Sherlock Smart unravels a grape mystery - Articles - JancisRobinson.com" 2925: 6661: 6598: 6406: 5913: 5908: 5802: 5581: 5121: 5034: 5029: 5024: 4974: 2899: 2849: 2242: 2027: 1899: 1723: 1584: 1509: 1291: 1286:

or "Māori bread", which is made with fermented potatoes. The 2020 cookbook

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Preparation of a modern hāngī for tourists at Mitai Māori Village, Rotorua.

1077: 1057: 1041: 1023: 1019: 2228: 622: 6649: 6281: 6074: 5314: 3623: 3133:"McDonald's NZ was born in Porirua 40 years ago with queues out the door" 2891: 2507: 2407: 2289: 2131: 2126: 2004: 1996: 1984: 1965: 1895: 1802: 1609: 1448: 1432: 1314: 1295: 1158: 1030:

became a more important part of the diet, along with insects such as the

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Most New Zealanders eat their main meal—known as 'dinner' or sometimes '

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Tom Cannavan, March 2006, www.beer-pages.com. Retrieved 31 August 2008.

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Many New Zealand gatherings feature a custom known as 'bring a plate' (

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in Rotorua. Fish and chips is a popular take-away food in New Zealand.

1632:, however, traditional Kiwiana fare is still the norm at many homes. 1375: 257: 6482: 5903: 3254: 2222: 1980: 1976: 1692: 1677: 1589: 1541: 1492: 1421: 1382: 1031: 979: 670: 1935: 1282: 1224: 1145: 989: 952: 131: 6573: 3933: 3876:

Soul: Recipes from Judith Tabron and Friends at Soul Bar and Bistro

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and food writer Lucy Corry describes the history, development and

1273:—made of pork, potatoes, kūmara, and dumplings—and pork and pūhā ( 1051: 6578: 6276: 6196: 4193: 2889: 2210: 2198: 2186: 2116: 1942: 1613: 1436: 1359: 1274: 1270: 1255: 1178: 906: 376: 3610:

Brewer's Association letter to Justice & Electoral Committee

3445:"Cuisine.co.nz – food – cuisine best food magazine in the world" 2787:

Transactions and Proceedings of the Royal Society of New Zealand

2050:, as well as distinctly New Zealand fare such as roast dinners. 1813:

noted the winery in his diary when he visited Kerikeri in 1835.

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Kiwi Milestones: New Zealand's population through the millions

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There are 10 major wine-producing areas in New Zealand, with

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have food fashions moving essentially in sync with that of

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and gaining a greater appreciation of New Zealand produce.

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company, and contains a high proportion of baking recipes.

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http://blogs.smh.com.au/trampaboutnz/archives//007306.html

2603:"Conservation – a history – Māori conservation traditions" 2557: 1050:

was soon hunted to extinction for food and tools as well.

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The 1980s was marked with economic liberalisation dubbed

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First, Catch Your Weka: the Story of New Zealand Cooking

3703:"Annabel Langbein's Mission to Make Potluck Dinner Cool" 3005: 2940:"Parāoa Parai Recipe: Crispy and Fluffy Māori Fry Bread" 2823: 1816:

Small vineyards were also planted by French settlers in

917:

influences as the country has become more cosmopolitan.

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Dining Out: A History of the Restaurant in New Zealand

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Royal, Charles; Kaka-Scott, Jenny (5 September 2013).

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Royal, Charles; Kaka-Scott, Jenny (5 September 2013).

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at a Botany fast food chain contains slices of canned

2708:"The Reserve Bank and New Zealand's economic history" 1022:. Kūmara could be grown as far south as the northern 3396:"Agricultural output – Meat consumption – OECD Data" 3363:"New Zealand Vegetarians: At Odds with Their Nation" 3174: 2993:

David Burton (March 2008). "Pavlova Paradise Lost".

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and disappearance of the traditional institution of

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Māori were one of the few people to have no form of

2830:

Australian and New Zealand Journal of Public Health

1376:

From Antipodean British fare to Asia-Pacific fusion

1269:Two dishes regarded as distinctively Māori are the 1018:, most of which grew well only in the north of the 156:. Unsourced material may be challenged and removed. 3549: 3356: 3354: 3241: 2255:, commonly filled with meat, fish or bacon and egg 1995:is possibly the nearest thing New Zealand has to 6724: 3539:"W – 1966 Encyclopaedia of New Zealand – Te Ara" 3521:"W – 1966 Encyclopaedia of New Zealand – Te Ara" 3333:"Southland Innovation: The Instant Coffee Story" 3247: 2743:. Wellington: A.H. & A.W. Reed. p. 101. 2354:Peta Mathias in 2005 claims ingredients such as 1482: 266:, a popular dessert in Australia and New Zealand 3555: 3351: 3107:"The evolution of New Zealand's pizza industry" 2655: 2474: 1368:, originally began as publicity material for a 1308: 3924:New Zealand restaurant review and dining guide 3063:"Rationing of New Zealand-Grown Foods – NZETC" 2211:Imported foods, now significant in New Zealand 974:refers to traditional Māori cuisine. When the 4178: 3949: 3726: 3724: 1324: 878: 3646: 3644: 3471:"New Zealand Winegrowers Statistical Annual" 3041:. Auckland: Hodder Moa Beckett. p. 25. 2992: 2741:A thousand years of gardening in New Zealand 1330:which were unavailable, for example brewing 2099: 1218: 1153:now produces an abundance of fresh produce. 1096: 1071: 1063: 1055: 1039: 1011: 1003: 987: 969: 64:Learn how and when to remove these messages 4185: 4171: 3956: 3942: 3721: 3360: 3193: 3191: 3189: 885: 871: 256: 3835: 3650: 3641: 3431: 2988: 2986: 2870: 2688:. Te Ara: The Encyclopedia of New Zealand 2312:List of Australian and New Zealand dishes 234:Learn how and when to remove this message 216:Learn how and when to remove this message 114:Learn how and when to remove this message 3857:A Buyer's Guide to New Zealand Olive Oil 3788:"It's back! Georgie Pie returns to town" 3036: 2752: 2750: 2534:"Why Did New Zealand's Moas Go Extinct?" 1951: 1784: 1717: 1599: 1583: 1234: 1144: 1082: 951: 928:. Since the 1970s, new cuisines such as 3816: 3785: 3766:Te Ara: The Encyclopedia of New Zealand 3682:Te Ara: The Encyclopedia of New Zealand 3657:Te Ara: The Encyclopedia of New Zealand 3628:Te Ara: The Encyclopedia of New Zealand 3621: 3301: 3299: 3222: 3202:. Auckland: Auckland University Press. 3197: 3186: 3104: 3023:Te Ara: The Encyclopedia of New Zealand 2804:Te Ara: The Encyclopedia of New Zealand 2662:Te Ara: The Encyclopedia of New Zealand 2607:Te Ara: The Encyclopedia of New Zealand 2512:Te Ara: The Encyclopedia of New Zealand 2482:Te Ara: The Encyclopedia of New Zealand 1579: 1206:) led to the creation of a meal called 14: 6725: 3873: 3838:Zarbo: Recipes From a New Zealand Deli 3759: 3419: 3275: 3130: 2983: 2600: 2531: 1766: 1742:New Zealand cuisine in other countries 1250:Most large Māori gatherings feature a 1230: 1140: 6372:Historical North Indian and Pakistani 4166: 3937: 3892: 3854: 3651:Clayworth, Peter (5 September 2013). 3361:White, Mandala; Potts, Annie (2008). 3305: 3235: 3180: 3168: 3156: 2747: 2738: 2626: 2018:have become popular, with several in 1909: 978:arrived in New Zealand from tropical 6677: 3963: 3622:Pollock, Kerryn (5 September 2013). 3308:"Instant coffee invented down south" 3296: 2681: 2651: 2649: 2505: 2501: 2499: 2063: 2053: 1404:The United Kingdom's joining of the 1119: 154:adding citations to reliable sources 125: 70: 29: 6697: 3786:Crombie, Nathan (4 December 2013). 3306:Jones, Bridget (16 December 2012). 3248:Matthews, Philip (29 August 2008). 2601:Nathan, Simon (24 September 2007). 2317:Category:Restaurants in New Zealand 1805:is credited with producing wine at 1313:The majority of New Zealanders are 24: 3476:. 2007. p. 44. Archived from 3388: 2532:Morell, Virginia (17 March 2014). 1711:-based coffees, but also invented 330:list of restaurants in New Zealand 86:tone or style may not reflect the 27:Culinary traditions of New Zealand 25: 6749: 3919:Webpage on traditional Māori food 3912: 3760:McLean, Alastair (12 June 2006). 3740:Ministry for Culture and Heritage 3556:Carroll, Joanne (20 March 2011). 3131:Fallon, Virginia (10 June 2016). 2646: 2496: 45:This article has multiple issues. 6706: 6696: 6686: 6676: 6667: 6666: 6655: 6643: 3600:RateBeer. Retrieved 20 May 2015. 2842:10.1111/j.1753-6405.2008.00279.x 2758:"No.8 Re-Wired – Instant Coffee" 2682:Cook, Megan (5 September 2013). 2506:Adds, Peter (24 November 2008). 2296: 2282: 2067: 1789:A selection of New Zealand wines 947: 920:Historical influences came from 852: 370: 130: 96:guide to writing better articles 75: 34: 6707: 3810: 3779: 3753: 3695: 3670: 3615: 3603: 3598:New Zealand breweries directory 3591: 3577: 3531: 3513: 3495: 3463: 3437: 3425: 3413: 3325: 3281: 3269: 3228: 3216: 3162: 3150: 3124: 3105:Walters, Laura (3 March 2016). 3098: 3073: 3055: 3030: 2958: 2932: 2883: 2864: 2817: 2792: 2775: 2732: 2580:10.1016/j.quascirev.2014.09.025 2444: 2435: 2414: 2388: 2379: 2366: 2348: 2339: 141:needs additional citations for 53:or discuss these issues on the 6362:Historical Indian subcontinent 3986:Federated States of Micronesia 3289:Eating in New Zealand (Part 2) 2700: 2675: 2620: 2594: 2551: 2525: 2468: 1266:as a result of eating habits. 13: 1: 3897:. Auckland University Press. 3558:"Beer hops off buyers' lists" 2462: 2162:Marmite (New Zealand variety) 1938:) help out for such a feast. 1483:Other cuisines in New Zealand 4192: 3929:New Zealand restaurant menus 3878:. Random House New Zealand. 3840:. Random House New Zealand. 3819:A Cook's Tour of New Zealand 2896:Hiakai: modern Māori cuisine 1801:. Official British resident 1799:The Oxford Companion to Wine 1722:Instant coffee, invented in 1418:Kentucky Fried Chicken (KFC) 1309:New Zealand European cuisine 1280:Another distinctive food is 960:dinner as served to tourists 909:of New Zealand is a diverse 7: 6546:List of historical cuisines 6382:History of alcoholic drinks 4399:Lowcountry (South Carolina) 2275: 2227:Pikelets, derived from the 1888:beer consumption per capita 1406:European Economic Community 1321:has been very influential. 1211:and then around the world. 982:, they brought a number of 10: 6754: 5833:Trinidadian and Tobagonian 3859:. New Holland Publishers. 3585:Impressions of New Zealand 2890:Monique Fiso; Lucy Corry; 2560:Quaternary Science Reviews 2057: 1770: 1325:British Isles settler food 6638: 6566: 6533: 6470: 6302: 6215: 5896: 4349: 4200: 4077: 4054: 3971: 2658:"Māori foods – kai Māori" 2477:"Māori foods – kai Māori" 2327:List of Oceanian cuisines 1568:, and to a lesser extent 913:, with Mediterranean and 839:Museums and art galleries 321: 297: 281: 271: 255: 6452:Scottish royal household 6397:History of vegetarianism 4635:Central African Republic 4137:Northern Mariana Islands 3836:McDonough, Mark (2002). 3382:10.1163/156853008X357667 3198:Rowland, Perrin (2010). 2966:"Paraoa parai Fry bread" 2739:Leach, Helen M. (1984). 2627:Jones, Kevin L. (1997). 2332: 2100:Developed in New Zealand 1217:, initially rejected as 1062:or freshwater crayfish, 4102:Cocos (Keeling) Islands 3874:Tabron, Judith (2005). 3653:"Picnics and barbecues" 3018:"Food, drink and dress" 1827:International Wine Fair 1703:, and pastries such as 1317:of British descent, so 1151:New Zealand agriculture 6377:History of agriculture 3817:Mathias, Peta (2005). 3563:The New Zealand Herald 3507:www.jancisrobinson.com 3037:Palenski, Ron (2004). 2322:Alcohol in New Zealand 2009:McDonald's New Zealand 1961: 1868:is known for its bold 1790: 1773:Alcohol in New Zealand 1727: 1605: 1597: 1562:extra virgin olive oil 1465:extra virgin olive oil 1302:of modern Māori food. 1240: 1219: 1154: 1097: 1088: 1072: 1064: 1056: 1040: 1012: 1004: 988: 970: 961: 859:New Zealand portal 363:Culture of New Zealand 6347:Early modern European 6075:Indigenous Australian 5634:São Tomé and Príncipe 4521:Bosnian-Herzegovinian 3893:Veart, David (2008). 3855:Taber, André (2007). 3370:Society & Animals 2873:"Making rewena bread" 2426:Sydney Morning Herald 2189:, commonly made with 2142:Hokey pokey ice cream 1955: 1788: 1721: 1603: 1587: 1238: 1148: 1086: 955: 944:have become popular. 911:British-based cuisine 165:"New Zealand cuisine" 6510:Molecular gastronomy 6442:Pre-contact Hawaiian 6352:Historical Argentine 6238:Mangalorean Catholic 4419:Pacific Northwestern 3067:nzetc.victoria.ac.nz 2685:Māori use of alcohol 2633:nzetc.victoria.ac.nz 1580:Contemporary cuisine 1365:Edmonds Cookery Book 1095:, although the word 930:New American cuisine 903:cuisine of Australia 782:Heritage New Zealand 777:World Heritage Sites 150:improve this article 6733:New Zealand cuisine 6367:Historical Japanese 6202:Transylvanian Saxon 6070:Indigenous American 3793:Wairarapa Times-Age 3451:on 11 December 2008 3238:, pp. 295–314. 2572:2014QSRv..105..126P 2404:Stephanie Alexander 1991:) have arisen. The 1777:Beer in New Zealand 1767:Alcoholic beverages 1701:cucumber sandwiches 1395:New British cuisine 1387:overseas experience 1231:Māori cuisine today 1141:European influences 342:wine in New Zealand 326:Beer in New Zealand 252: 250:New Zealand cuisine 6447:Korean royal court 6392:History of seafood 6357:Historical Chinese 6332:Antebellum America 6172:Pennsylvania Dutch 4784:Equatorial Guinean 4754:Dominican Republic 3821:. Penguin Viking. 3707:New Zealand Herald 3483:on 18 October 2008 3339:. 22 February 2021 3171:, pp. 216–294 2970:www.newworld.co.nz 2720:on 25 January 2019 2304:New Zealand portal 2079:. You can help by 2060:New Zealand dishes 1962: 1958:fish and chip shop 1910:Patterns of eating 1791: 1735:Ministry of Health 1728: 1606: 1598: 1566:sun-dried tomatoes 1241: 1155: 1114:alcoholic beverage 1089: 962: 248: 6720: 6719: 6462:Thirteen Colonies 6322:Ancient Israelite 5522:Papua New Guinean 4320:Intercontinental 4160: 4159: 4152:Wallis and Futuna 4084:other territories 4056:Associated states 3736:nzhistory.govt.nz 3085:nzhistory.govt.nz 3048:978-1-86958-981-3 2909:978-0-14-377260-6 2450:For example, the 2430:Molecular cuisine 2097: 2096: 2054:New Zealand foods 1120:Food and religion 895: 894: 347: 346: 272:Country or region 244: 243: 236: 226: 225: 218: 200: 124: 123: 116: 90:used on Knowledge 88:encyclopedic tone 68: 16:(Redirected from 6745: 6710: 6709: 6700: 6699: 6690: 6680: 6679: 6670: 6669: 6662:Drink portal 6660: 6659: 6658: 6648: 6647: 6628:Meal preparation 6541:List of cuisines 6387:History of bread 6312:Ancient Egyptian 6289:Ritual slaughter 6147:Louisiana Creole 6085:Italian American 5904:African American 4893:Greek Macedonian 4187: 4180: 4173: 4164: 4163: 4142:Pitcairn Islands 4112:French Polynesia 4097:Christmas Island 4021:Papua New Guinea 4001:Marshall Islands 3973:Sovereign states 3965:Oceanian cuisine 3958: 3951: 3944: 3935: 3934: 3908: 3889: 3870: 3851: 3832: 3805: 3804: 3802: 3800: 3783: 3777: 3776: 3774: 3772: 3762:"Fish and chips" 3757: 3751: 3750: 3748: 3746: 3728: 3719: 3718: 3716: 3714: 3699: 3693: 3692: 3690: 3688: 3678:"Inside a hāngī" 3674: 3668: 3667: 3665: 3663: 3648: 3639: 3638: 3636: 3634: 3624:"Eating – Meals" 3619: 3613: 3607: 3601: 3595: 3589: 3581: 3575: 3574: 3572: 3570: 3553: 3547: 3546: 3535: 3529: 3528: 3517: 3511: 3510: 3499: 3493: 3492: 3490: 3488: 3482: 3475: 3467: 3461: 3460: 3458: 3456: 3447:. 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6564: 6563: 6561: 6560: 6559: 6558: 6551:Lists of foods 6548: 6543: 6537: 6535: 6531: 6530: 6528: 6527: 6522: 6517: 6512: 6507: 6502: 6501: 6500: 6495: 6485: 6480: 6474: 6472: 6468: 6467: 6465: 6464: 6459: 6454: 6449: 6444: 6439: 6434: 6429: 6424: 6419: 6414: 6409: 6404: 6399: 6394: 6389: 6384: 6379: 6374: 6369: 6364: 6359: 6354: 6349: 6344: 6339: 6334: 6329: 6324: 6319: 6314: 6308: 6306: 6300: 6299: 6297: 6296: 6291: 6286: 6285: 6284: 6274: 6269: 6264: 6263: 6262: 6252: 6247: 6246: 6245: 6240: 6235: 6225: 6219: 6217: 6213: 6212: 6210: 6209: 6204: 6199: 6194: 6189: 6184: 6179: 6174: 6169: 6164: 6159: 6154: 6149: 6144: 6139: 6134: 6133: 6132: 6127: 6122: 6117: 6112: 6107: 6102: 6097: 6087: 6082: 6077: 6072: 6067: 6066: 6065: 6060: 6055: 6050: 6045: 6035: 6030: 6028:Greek-American 6025: 6020: 6015: 6014: 6013: 6008: 6003: 5998: 5993: 5988: 5983: 5978: 5973: 5968: 5963: 5953: 5948: 5943: 5938: 5933: 5928: 5923: 5922: 5921: 5911: 5906: 5900: 5898: 5894: 5893: 5891: 5890: 5885: 5880: 5875: 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5083: 5082: 5077: 5072: 5067: 5062: 5057: 5052: 5047: 5042: 5037: 5032: 5027: 5022: 5017: 5012: 5007: 5002: 4997: 4992: 4987: 4982: 4977: 4972: 4967: 4962: 4957: 4952: 4947: 4937: 4932: 4927: 4922: 4917: 4912: 4907: 4902: 4901: 4900: 4895: 4890: 4885: 4875: 4870: 4865: 4860: 4855: 4850: 4849: 4848: 4843: 4841:French Guianan 4838: 4833: 4823: 4818: 4817: 4816: 4806: 4801: 4796: 4791: 4786: 4781: 4776: 4771: 4766: 4761: 4756: 4751: 4746: 4741: 4740: 4739: 4734: 4724: 4719: 4714: 4709: 4704: 4699: 4694: 4693: 4692: 4687: 4682: 4677: 4672: 4667: 4662: 4657: 4647: 4642: 4637: 4632: 4631: 4630: 4625: 4615: 4610: 4605: 4600: 4595: 4590: 4585: 4580: 4579: 4578: 4573: 4568: 4563: 4561:Northern Irish 4558: 4553: 4548: 4543: 4533: 4528: 4523: 4518: 4513: 4508: 4503: 4498: 4493: 4488: 4483: 4478: 4473: 4468: 4463: 4458: 4453: 4448: 4443: 4442: 4441: 4436: 4431: 4426: 4421: 4416: 4411: 4406: 4401: 4396: 4391: 4386: 4376: 4371: 4366: 4360: 4358: 4347: 4346: 4344: 4343: 4342: 4341: 4339:Middle Eastern 4336: 4331: 4329:Latin American 4326: 4318: 4313: 4312: 4311: 4306: 4301: 4296: 4286: 4285: 4284: 4279: 4274: 4269: 4264: 4254: 4253: 4252: 4247: 4242: 4237: 4227: 4226: 4225: 4220: 4215: 4204: 4202: 4198: 4197: 4190: 4189: 4182: 4175: 4167: 4158: 4157: 4155: 4154: 4149: 4144: 4139: 4134: 4132:Norfolk Island 4129: 4124: 4119: 4114: 4109: 4104: 4099: 4094: 4092:American Samoa 4088: 4086: 4075: 4074: 4072: 4071: 4066: 4060: 4058: 4052: 4051: 4049: 4048: 4043: 4038: 4033: 4028: 4023: 4018: 4013: 4008: 4003: 3998: 3993: 3988: 3983: 3977: 3975: 3969: 3968: 3961: 3960: 3953: 3946: 3938: 3932: 3931: 3926: 3921: 3914: 3913:External links 3911: 3910: 3909: 3903: 3890: 3884: 3871: 3865: 3852: 3846: 3833: 3827: 3812: 3809: 3807: 3806: 3778: 3752: 3720: 3694: 3669: 3640: 3614: 3602: 3590: 3576: 3548: 3530: 3512: 3494: 3462: 3436: 3424: 3412: 3387: 3376:(4): 336–353. 3350: 3324: 3295: 3280: 3278:, pp. 7–9 3268: 3240: 3227: 3223:Mathias (2005) 3215: 3208: 3185: 3183:, p. 303. 3173: 3161: 3149: 3123: 3097: 3072: 3054: 3047: 3029: 3004: 2982: 2957: 2931: 2908: 2882: 2863: 2836:(5): 454–460. 2816: 2791: 2774: 2746: 2731: 2699: 2674: 2645: 2619: 2593: 2550: 2538:Science | AAAS 2524: 2495: 2466: 2464: 2461: 2458: 2457: 2443: 2434: 2413: 2400:Philip Johnson 2396:Bill Marchetti 2387: 2378: 2365: 2347: 2337: 2336: 2334: 2331: 2330: 2329: 2324: 2319: 2314: 2308: 2307: 2293: 2277: 2274: 2272: 2271: 2266: 2261: 2256: 2250: 2248:Sausage sizzle 2245: 2240: 2231: 2229:Scotch pancake 2225: 2220: 2218:Fish and chips 2214: 2212: 2209: 2207: 2206: 2201: 2184: 2179: 2174: 2169: 2164: 2159: 2154: 2152:Kiwi onion dip 2149: 2144: 2139: 2134: 2129: 2124: 2122:Colonial goose 2119: 2114: 2112:Anzac biscuits 2109: 2103: 2101: 2098: 2095: 2094: 2074: 2072: 2055: 2052: 2024:Asian cuisines 1973:Fish and chips 1911: 1908: 1878:Waiheke Island 1836:famed for its 1811:Charles Darwin 1795:Samuel Marsden 1768: 1765: 1754:Fusion cuisine 1743: 1740: 1713:instant coffee 1637:fish and chips 1581: 1578: 1546:butter chicken 1526:Asian cuisines 1497:Southeast Asia 1484: 1481: 1410:European Union 1377: 1374: 1341:colonial goose 1326: 1323: 1310: 1307: 1232: 1229: 1142: 1139: 1126:Māori religion 1121: 1118: 966:Māori-language 949: 946: 893: 892: 890: 889: 882: 875: 867: 864: 863: 862: 861: 846: 845: 842: 841: 835: 831: 830: 829: 826: 825: 822: 821: 816: 811: 806: 800: 794: 793: 792: 789: 788: 785: 784: 779: 773: 769: 768: 767: 764: 763: 760: 759: 758: 757: 752: 747: 742: 737: 732: 721: 715: 714: 713: 710: 709: 706: 705: 700: 695: 689: 683: 682: 681: 678: 677: 674: 673: 667: 657: 656: 655: 652: 651: 648: 647: 641: 635: 634: 633: 630: 629: 626: 625: 620: 614: 608: 607: 606: 603: 602: 599: 598: 596:Māori religion 593: 587: 581: 580: 579: 576: 575: 572: 571: 565: 561: 560: 559: 556: 555: 552: 551: 546: 541: 535: 529: 528: 527: 524: 523: 520: 519: 514: 508: 504: 503: 502: 499: 498: 495: 494: 489: 484: 478: 472: 471: 470: 467: 466: 463: 462: 457: 451: 445: 444: 443: 440: 439: 436: 435: 430: 425: 420: 419: 418: 413: 403: 398: 392: 386: 385: 384: 381: 380: 375: 367: 366: 358: 357: 345: 344: 323: 319: 318: 301: 295: 294: 288:Fish and chips 285: 279: 278: 273: 269: 268: 261: 242: 241: 224: 223: 138: 136: 129: 122: 121: 83: 81: 74: 69: 43: 42: 40: 33: 26: 9: 6: 4: 3: 2: 6750: 6739: 6738:Māori cuisine 6736: 6734: 6731: 6730: 6728: 6713: 6705: 6703: 6695: 6693: 6689: 6685: 6683: 6675: 6673: 6665: 6663: 6653: 6651: 6646: 6641: 6640: 6637: 6629: 6626: 6625: 6624: 6621: 6617: 6614: 6613: 6612: 6609: 6605: 6602: 6600: 6597: 6596: 6595: 6592: 6590: 6587: 6585: 6584:Culinary arts 6582: 6580: 6577: 6575: 6572: 6571: 6569: 6565: 6557: 6554: 6553: 6552: 6549: 6547: 6544: 6542: 6539: 6538: 6536: 6532: 6526: 6523: 6521: 6518: 6516: 6513: 6511: 6508: 6506: 6503: 6499: 6496: 6494: 6491: 6490: 6489: 6486: 6484: 6481: 6479: 6476: 6475: 6473: 6469: 6463: 6460: 6458: 6455: 6453: 6450: 6448: 6445: 6443: 6440: 6438: 6435: 6433: 6430: 6428: 6425: 6423: 6420: 6418: 6415: 6413: 6410: 6408: 6405: 6403: 6400: 6398: 6395: 6393: 6390: 6388: 6385: 6383: 6380: 6378: 6375: 6373: 6370: 6368: 6365: 6363: 6360: 6358: 6355: 6353: 6350: 6348: 6345: 6343: 6340: 6338: 6335: 6333: 6330: 6328: 6327:Ancient Roman 6325: 6323: 6320: 6318: 6317:Ancient Greek 6315: 6313: 6310: 6309: 6307: 6305: 6301: 6295: 6292: 6290: 6287: 6283: 6280: 6279: 6278: 6275: 6273: 6270: 6268: 6265: 6261: 6258: 6257: 6256: 6253: 6251: 6248: 6244: 6241: 6239: 6236: 6234: 6233:Goan Catholic 6231: 6230: 6229: 6226: 6224: 6221: 6220: 6218: 6214: 6208: 6205: 6203: 6200: 6198: 6195: 6193: 6190: 6188: 6185: 6183: 6180: 6178: 6175: 6173: 6170: 6168: 6165: 6163: 6160: 6158: 6155: 6153: 6150: 6148: 6145: 6143: 6140: 6138: 6135: 6131: 6128: 6126: 6123: 6121: 6118: 6116: 6113: 6111: 6108: 6106: 6103: 6101: 6098: 6096: 6093: 6092: 6091: 6088: 6086: 6083: 6081: 6078: 6076: 6073: 6071: 6068: 6064: 6061: 6059: 6056: 6054: 6051: 6049: 6046: 6044: 6041: 6040: 6039: 6036: 6034: 6031: 6029: 6026: 6024: 6021: 6019: 6018:Crimean Tatar 6016: 6012: 6009: 6007: 6004: 6002: 5999: 5997: 5994: 5992: 5989: 5987: 5984: 5982: 5979: 5977: 5974: 5972: 5969: 5967: 5964: 5962: 5959: 5958: 5957: 5954: 5952: 5949: 5947: 5944: 5942: 5939: 5937: 5934: 5932: 5929: 5927: 5924: 5920: 5917: 5916: 5915: 5912: 5910: 5907: 5905: 5902: 5901: 5899: 5895: 5889: 5886: 5884: 5881: 5879: 5876: 5874: 5871: 5869: 5866: 5864: 5861: 5859: 5856: 5854: 5851: 5849: 5846: 5844: 5841: 5839: 5836: 5834: 5831: 5829: 5826: 5824: 5821: 5819: 5816: 5814: 5811: 5809: 5806: 5804: 5801: 5797: 5794: 5793: 5792: 5789: 5787: 5784: 5782: 5779: 5777: 5774: 5772: 5769: 5767: 5764: 5762: 5759: 5757: 5754: 5752: 5749: 5745: 5742: 5740: 5737: 5735: 5732: 5730: 5727: 5725: 5722: 5720: 5717: 5715: 5712: 5710: 5707: 5705: 5702: 5700: 5697: 5695: 5692: 5691: 5690: 5687: 5685: 5684:South African 5682: 5680: 5677: 5675: 5672: 5670: 5667: 5665: 5662: 5660: 5657: 5655: 5652: 5650: 5647: 5645: 5642: 5640: 5639:Saudi Arabian 5637: 5635: 5632: 5630: 5627: 5625: 5622: 5620: 5617: 5615: 5612: 5608: 5605: 5603: 5600: 5598: 5595: 5593: 5590: 5588: 5585: 5583: 5580: 5578: 5575: 5573: 5570: 5568: 5565: 5563: 5560: 5559: 5558: 5555: 5553: 5550: 5548: 5545: 5543: 5540: 5538: 5535: 5533: 5530: 5528: 5525: 5523: 5520: 5518: 5515: 5513: 5510: 5508: 5505: 5503: 5500: 5498: 5495: 5493: 5490: 5488: 5485: 5483: 5480: 5478: 5475: 5473: 5470: 5468: 5465: 5463: 5460: 5458: 5455: 5453: 5450: 5448: 5445: 5443: 5440: 5438: 5435: 5433: 5430: 5428: 5425: 5423: 5420: 5418: 5415: 5413: 5410: 5408: 5405: 5403: 5400: 5398: 5395: 5393: 5390: 5386: 5383: 5381: 5378: 5377: 5376: 5373: 5371: 5368: 5366: 5363: 5361: 5358: 5356: 5355:Luxembourgish 5353: 5351: 5348: 5346: 5343: 5341: 5338: 5336: 5333: 5331: 5328: 5326: 5323: 5321: 5318: 5316: 5313: 5311: 5308: 5306: 5303: 5301: 5298: 5294: 5291: 5289: 5286: 5285: 5284: 5281: 5279: 5276: 5274: 5271: 5269: 5266: 5262: 5259: 5258: 5257: 5254: 5252: 5249: 5247: 5244: 5240: 5237: 5235: 5232: 5230: 5227: 5225: 5222: 5220: 5217: 5215: 5212: 5210: 5207: 5205: 5202: 5200: 5197: 5195: 5192: 5190: 5187: 5186: 5185: 5182: 5180: 5177: 5175: 5172: 5170: 5167: 5165: 5162: 5158: 5155: 5153: 5150: 5148: 5145: 5143: 5140: 5138: 5135: 5133: 5130: 5128: 5125: 5123: 5120: 5118: 5115: 5113: 5110: 5108: 5105: 5103: 5100: 5098: 5095: 5093: 5090: 5089: 5088: 5085: 5081: 5078: 5076: 5075:Uttar Pradesh 5073: 5071: 5068: 5066: 5063: 5061: 5058: 5056: 5053: 5051: 5048: 5046: 5043: 5041: 5038: 5036: 5033: 5031: 5028: 5026: 5023: 5021: 5018: 5016: 5013: 5011: 5010:Maharashtrian 5008: 5006: 5003: 5001: 4998: 4996: 4993: 4991: 4988: 4986: 4983: 4981: 4978: 4976: 4973: 4971: 4970:Chhattisgarhi 4968: 4966: 4963: 4961: 4958: 4956: 4953: 4951: 4948: 4946: 4943: 4942: 4941: 4938: 4936: 4933: 4931: 4928: 4926: 4923: 4921: 4918: 4916: 4913: 4911: 4908: 4906: 4903: 4899: 4896: 4894: 4891: 4889: 4886: 4884: 4881: 4880: 4879: 4876: 4874: 4871: 4869: 4866: 4864: 4861: 4859: 4856: 4854: 4851: 4847: 4844: 4842: 4839: 4837: 4834: 4832: 4829: 4828: 4827: 4824: 4822: 4819: 4815: 4812: 4811: 4810: 4807: 4805: 4802: 4800: 4797: 4795: 4792: 4790: 4787: 4785: 4782: 4780: 4777: 4775: 4772: 4770: 4767: 4765: 4764:East Timorese 4762: 4760: 4757: 4755: 4752: 4750: 4747: 4745: 4742: 4738: 4735: 4733: 4730: 4729: 4728: 4725: 4723: 4720: 4718: 4715: 4713: 4710: 4708: 4705: 4703: 4700: 4698: 4695: 4691: 4688: 4686: 4683: 4681: 4678: 4676: 4673: 4671: 4668: 4666: 4663: 4661: 4658: 4656: 4653: 4652: 4651: 4648: 4646: 4643: 4641: 4638: 4636: 4633: 4629: 4626: 4624: 4621: 4620: 4619: 4616: 4614: 4611: 4609: 4606: 4604: 4601: 4599: 4596: 4594: 4591: 4589: 4586: 4584: 4581: 4577: 4574: 4572: 4569: 4567: 4564: 4562: 4559: 4557: 4554: 4552: 4549: 4547: 4544: 4542: 4539: 4538: 4537: 4534: 4532: 4529: 4527: 4524: 4522: 4519: 4517: 4514: 4512: 4509: 4507: 4504: 4502: 4499: 4497: 4494: 4492: 4489: 4487: 4484: 4482: 4479: 4477: 4474: 4472: 4469: 4467: 4464: 4462: 4459: 4457: 4454: 4452: 4449: 4447: 4444: 4440: 4437: 4435: 4432: 4430: 4427: 4425: 4422: 4420: 4417: 4415: 4412: 4410: 4407: 4405: 4404:Midwestern US 4402: 4400: 4397: 4395: 4392: 4390: 4387: 4385: 4382: 4381: 4380: 4377: 4375: 4372: 4370: 4367: 4365: 4362: 4361: 4359: 4357: 4352: 4348: 4340: 4337: 4335: 4334:Mediterranean 4332: 4330: 4327: 4325: 4322: 4321: 4319: 4317: 4314: 4310: 4307: 4305: 4302: 4300: 4297: 4295: 4292: 4291: 4290: 4287: 4283: 4280: 4278: 4275: 4273: 4270: 4268: 4265: 4263: 4260: 4259: 4258: 4255: 4251: 4248: 4246: 4243: 4241: 4238: 4236: 4233: 4232: 4231: 4228: 4224: 4221: 4219: 4216: 4214: 4211: 4210: 4209: 4206: 4205: 4203: 4199: 4195: 4188: 4183: 4181: 4176: 4174: 4169: 4168: 4165: 4153: 4150: 4148: 4145: 4143: 4140: 4138: 4135: 4133: 4130: 4128: 4127:New Caledonia 4125: 4123: 4120: 4118: 4115: 4113: 4110: 4108: 4107:Easter Island 4105: 4103: 4100: 4098: 4095: 4093: 4090: 4089: 4087: 4085: 4080: 4076: 4070: 4067: 4065: 4062: 4061: 4059: 4057: 4053: 4047: 4044: 4042: 4039: 4037: 4034: 4032: 4029: 4027: 4024: 4022: 4019: 4017: 4014: 4012: 4009: 4007: 4004: 4002: 3999: 3997: 3994: 3992: 3989: 3987: 3984: 3982: 3979: 3978: 3976: 3974: 3970: 3966: 3959: 3954: 3952: 3947: 3945: 3940: 3939: 3936: 3930: 3927: 3925: 3922: 3920: 3917: 3916: 3906: 3904:9781869404109 3900: 3896: 3891: 3887: 3885:9781869417543 3881: 3877: 3872: 3868: 3866:9781869661076 3862: 3858: 3853: 3849: 3847:9781869415341 3843: 3839: 3834: 3830: 3828:9780670045600 3824: 3820: 3815: 3814: 3795: 3794: 3789: 3782: 3767: 3763: 3756: 3741: 3737: 3733: 3727: 3725: 3708: 3704: 3698: 3683: 3679: 3673: 3658: 3654: 3647: 3645: 3629: 3625: 3618: 3612:, 20 May 2009 3611: 3606: 3599: 3594: 3587: 3586: 3580: 3565: 3564: 3559: 3552: 3544: 3543:teara.govt.nz 3540: 3534: 3526: 3525:teara.govt.nz 3522: 3516: 3508: 3504: 3498: 3479: 3472: 3466: 3450: 3446: 3440: 3433: 3428: 3422:, p. 128 3421: 3420:Tabron (2005) 3416: 3401: 3397: 3391: 3383: 3379: 3375: 3371: 3364: 3357: 3355: 3338: 3334: 3328: 3313: 3309: 3302: 3300: 3293: 3290: 3287:Bruce Elder, 3284: 3277: 3276:Tabron (2005) 3272: 3257: 3256: 3251: 3244: 3237: 3231: 3224: 3219: 3211: 3209:9781869404642 3205: 3201: 3194: 3192: 3190: 3182: 3177: 3170: 3165: 3158: 3153: 3138: 3134: 3127: 3112: 3108: 3101: 3086: 3082: 3076: 3068: 3064: 3058: 3050: 3044: 3040: 3033: 3025: 3024: 3019: 3013: 3011: 3009: 3000: 2996: 2989: 2987: 2971: 2967: 2961: 2945: 2941: 2935: 2927: 2923: 2919: 2915: 2911: 2905: 2901: 2897: 2893: 2886: 2878: 2877:teara.govt.nz 2874: 2867: 2859: 2855: 2851: 2847: 2843: 2839: 2835: 2831: 2827: 2820: 2805: 2801: 2795: 2789: 2788: 2783: 2778: 2763: 2762:No.8 Re-Wired 2759: 2753: 2751: 2742: 2735: 2716: 2709: 2703: 2687: 2686: 2678: 2663: 2659: 2652: 2650: 2634: 2630: 2623: 2608: 2604: 2597: 2589: 2585: 2581: 2577: 2573: 2569: 2565: 2561: 2554: 2539: 2535: 2528: 2513: 2509: 2502: 2500: 2484: 2483: 2478: 2471: 2467: 2453: 2447: 2438: 2431: 2427: 2423: 2417: 2409: 2405: 2401: 2397: 2391: 2382: 2375: 2369: 2361: 2357: 2351: 2342: 2338: 2328: 2325: 2323: 2320: 2318: 2315: 2313: 2310: 2309: 2305: 2294: 2291: 2285: 2280: 2270: 2267: 2265: 2262: 2260: 2257: 2254: 2251: 2249: 2246: 2244: 2243:Sausage rolls 2241: 2239: 2235: 2232: 2230: 2226: 2224: 2221: 2219: 2216: 2215: 2205: 2202: 2200: 2196: 2192: 2188: 2185: 2183: 2180: 2178: 2175: 2173: 2170: 2168: 2165: 2163: 2160: 2158: 2155: 2153: 2150: 2148: 2145: 2143: 2140: 2138: 2135: 2133: 2130: 2128: 2125: 2123: 2120: 2118: 2115: 2113: 2110: 2108: 2105: 2104: 2091: 2082: 2078: 2075:This section 2073: 2070: 2066: 2065: 2061: 2051: 2049: 2045: 2041: 2037: 2033: 2029: 2025: 2021: 2017: 2012: 2010: 2006: 2002: 1998: 1994: 1990: 1986: 1982: 1978: 1975:, the staple 1974: 1970: 1967: 1959: 1954: 1950: 1948: 1944: 1939: 1937: 1933: 1928: 1924: 1919: 1917: 1907: 1905: 1901: 1897: 1893: 1889: 1885: 1881: 1879: 1875: 1871: 1867: 1863: 1859: 1855: 1854:Martinborough 1851: 1850:Central Otago 1847: 1843: 1839: 1835: 1830: 1828: 1823: 1819: 1814: 1812: 1809:in 1833, and 1808: 1804: 1800: 1796: 1787: 1782: 1778: 1774: 1764: 1762: 1761: 1755: 1751: 1749: 1739: 1736: 1732: 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1179:pumpkin 1014:tī-pore 907:cuisine 796:Symbols 745:Netball 735:Cycling 730:Cricket 539:Alcohol 531:Cuisine 482:English 388:History 377:Kiwiana 264:pavlova 190:scholar 6488:Fusion 6471:Styles 6457:Soviet 6422:Mughal 6417:Muisca 6207:Yup'ik 6197:Tejano 6187:Romani 6130:Syrian 6090:Jewish 6038:Indian 6023:Gagauz 5991:Indian 5946:Buryat 5941:Berber 5897:Ethnic 5878:Yemeni 5776:Syrian 5709:Basque 5679:Somali 5669:Slovak 5602:Udmurt 5547:Qatari 5537:Polish 5492:Niuean 5397:Malian 5340:Libyan 5310:Kyrgyz 5283:Korean 5278:Kenyan 5273:Kazakh 5112:Betawi 5102:Banjar 5055:Sindhi 5005:Kerala 4965:Bihari 4945:Andhra 4940:Indian 4883:Cretan 4868:German 4826:French 4804:Fijian 4727:Danish 4364:Afghan 4324:Global 4294:Balkan 4122:Hawaii 4041:Tuvalu 3901: 3882: 3863: 3844: 3825: 3206: 3045: 2924: 2916: 2906: 2856: 2848: 2800:"Pāua" 2586: 2455:world. 2406:, and 2259:Scones 2238:mutton 2195:mussel 2032:Indian 1936:whānau 1872:, and 1848:, and 1818:Akaroa 1779:, and 1674:Sydney 1536:, and 1530:kebabs 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