1631:
1611:
135:
may be used in the name, e.g. phosphosulfolactate synthase (EC 4.4.1.19, Michael addition of sulfite to phosphoenolpyruvate). A combination of both an elimination and a
Michael addition is seen in O-succinylhomoserine (thiol)-lyase (MetY or MetZ) which catalyses first the Îł-elimination of
136:
O-succinylhomoserine (with succinate as a leaving group) and then the addition of sulfide to the vinyl intermediate, this reaction was first classified as a lyase (EC 4.2.99.9), but was then reclassified as a transferase (EC 2.5.1.48).
1348:
1569:
1101:
1279:
1205:
886:
615:
1579:
1054:
827:
1011:
1341:
1371:
1574:
1501:
1035:
293:
1094:
710:
1302:
1228:
734:
1272:
1198:
879:
799:
749:
608:
1158:
1124:
638:
1672:
1334:
913:
817:
1534:
1138:
1087:
715:
665:
1516:
739:
1265:
1191:
872:
700:
601:
324:
730:
655:
297:
1458:
1063:
705:
966:
762:
93:
996:
986:
480:
1310:
784:
1148:
976:
961:
864:
226:
1601:
695:
650:
1665:
1584:
1236:
685:
581:
568:
555:
542:
529:
516:
503:
465:
242:
1483:
1362:
1293:
1241:
1219:
1115:
981:
900:
851:
629:
475:
429:
372:
145:
1315:
1246:
1167:
1133:
690:
675:
670:
377:
1172:
720:
660:
89:
17:
1696:
398:
317:
104:
66:
1658:
1524:
680:
470:
222:
54:
8:
1068:
971:
957:
434:
283:
230:
1564:
1143:
1044:
925:
789:
367:
1472:
1020:
1001:
1326:
1380:
812:
413:
408:
382:
310:
206:
201:
197:
148:
classification of enzymes. Lyases can be further classified into seven subclasses:
82:
78:
1079:
1691:
460:
444:
357:
193:
187:
181:
175:
166:
160:
152:
1257:
1183:
593:
107:
for the reaction in one direction, but two substrates for the reverse reaction.
1646:
1642:
1615:
642:
498:
439:
210:
31:
1685:
1630:
945:
836:
403:
362:
156:
120:
58:
50:
1025:
352:
279:
38:
894:
917:
904:
576:
511:
347:
170:
124:
85:). For example, an enzyme that catalyzed this reaction would be a lyase:
74:
841:
777:
772:
767:
262:
62:
991:
950:
935:
846:
550:
524:
70:
1610:
930:
753:
132:
128:
30:
This article is about the group of enzymes. For the language, see
1506:
1496:
1491:
940:
803:
725:
1638:
1529:
1442:
563:
333:
103:
Lyases differ from other enzymes in that they require only one
46:
163:(EC 4.1.2), oxo acid lyases (EC 4.1.3), and others (EC 4.1.99)
1437:
1432:
1427:
1422:
1417:
1412:
1407:
1402:
1397:
196:
includes lyases that cleave phosphorus–oxygen bonds, such as
1543:
1538:
302:
169:
includes lyases that cleave carbon–oxygen bonds, such as
155:
includes lyases that cleave carbon–carbon bonds, such as
243:
List of EC numbers of enzymes belonging to category EC 4
1599:
1570:
2-C-methyl-D-erythritol 2,4-cyclodiphosphate synthase
1356:
27:
Class of enzyme which catalyzes elimination reactions
1109:
81:. The reverse reaction is also possible (called a
1580:Glycosylphosphatidylinositol diacylglycerol-lyase
1287:
1213:
623:
280:Superfamilies of single-pass transmembrane lyases
178:includes lyases that cleave carbon–nitrogen bonds
1683:
190:includes lyases that cleave carbon–halide bonds
184:includes lyases that cleave carbon–sulfur bonds
1666:
1342:
1273:
1199:
1095:
880:
609:
318:
216:
131:, etc. When the product is more important,
1673:
1659:
1349:
1335:
1280:
1266:
1206:
1192:
1102:
1088:
887:
873:
616:
602:
325:
311:
1575:Phosphatidylinositol diacylglycerol-lyase
711:Phosphoribosylaminoimidazole carboxylase
14:
1684:
1330:
1261:
1187:
1083:
868:
597:
306:
144:Lyases are classified as EC 4 in the
1625:
818:3-hydroxy-3-methylglutaryl-CoA lyase
735:Orotidine 5'-phosphate decarboxylase
296:from the Department of Chemistry at
1139:Formiminotransferase cyclodeaminase
716:Pyrophosphomevalonate decarboxylase
666:Aromatic L-amino acid decarboxylase
24:
1517:guanylate cyclase-coupled receptor
740:Uroporphyrinogen III decarboxylase
25:
1708:
701:Phosphoenolpyruvate carboxykinase
139:
1629:
1609:
731:Uridine monophosphate synthetase
656:Adenosylmethionine decarboxylase
298:Queen Mary, University of London
115:Systematic names are formed as "
1459:Extracellular adenylate cyclase
1064:Carboxymethyloxysuccinate lyase
706:Phosphoenolpyruvate carboxylase
209:includes other lyases, such as
110:
967:Methylglutaconyl-CoA hydratase
763:Fructose-bisphosphate aldolase
273:
255:
13:
1:
997:Uroporphyrinogen III synthase
987:3-Isopropylmalate dehydratase
248:
229:or anchored through a single
1645:. You can help Knowledge by
1311:Dichloromethane dehalogenase
785:2-hydroxyphytanoyl-CoA lyase
227:peripheral membrane proteins
7:
1149:Phenylalanine ammonia-lyase
1014:: Acting on polysaccharides
977:Cystathionine beta synthase
962:3-Hydroxyacyl ACP dehydrase
332:
236:
221:Some lyases associate with
10:
1713:
1624:
696:Oxaloacetate decarboxylase
651:Acetoacetate decarboxylase
217:Membrane-associated lyases
29:
1585:FAD-AMP lyase (cyclizing)
1557:
1515:
1482:
1471:
1451:
1390:
1379:
1370:
1301:
1237:Cystathionine gamma-lyase
1227:
1157:
1123:
1053:
1034:
1010:
912:
826:
798:
748:
686:Malonyl-CoA decarboxylase
637:
489:
481:Michaelis–Menten kinetics
453:
422:
391:
340:
1484:soluble guanylyl cyclase
1242:Cystathionine beta-lyase
982:Porphobilinogen synthase
852:Spore photoproduct lyase
373:Diffusion-limited enzyme
119:." Common names include
1316:Halohydrin dehalogenase
1247:Leukotriene C4 synthase
1168:Argininosuccinate lyase
1134:Histidine ammonia-lyase
691:Ornithine decarboxylase
676:Histidine decarboxylase
671:Glutamate decarboxylase
1641:-related article is a
1173:Adenylosuccinate lyase
1038:: Acting on phosphates
721:Pyruvate decarboxylase
661:Arginine decarboxylase
73:, often forming a new
466:Eadie–Hofstee diagram
399:Allosteric regulation
117:substrate group-lyase
67:substitution reaction
681:Lysine decarboxylase
476:Lineweaver–Burk plot
223:biological membranes
61:by means other than
55:elimination reaction
1069:Hydroperoxide lyase
972:Tryptophan synthase
958:Enoyl-CoA hydratase
284:Membranome database
231:transmembrane helix
49:that catalyzes the
1565:Cytidylate cyclase
1357:Phosphorus–oxygen
1144:Serine dehydratase
1045:Threonine synthase
926:Carbonic anhydrase
790:Threonine aldolase
435:Enzyme superfamily
368:Enzyme promiscuity
1654:
1653:
1597:
1596:
1593:
1592:
1553:
1552:
1473:Guanylate cyclase
1467:
1466:
1381:Adenylate cyclase
1324:
1323:
1255:
1254:
1181:
1180:
1077:
1076:
1021:Hyaluronate lyase
1002:Nitrile hydratase
862:
861:
591:
590:
294:EC 4 Introduction
16:(Redirected from
1704:
1675:
1668:
1661:
1633:
1626:
1614:
1613:
1605:
1480:
1479:
1388:
1387:
1377:
1376:
1351:
1344:
1337:
1328:
1327:
1282:
1275:
1268:
1259:
1258:
1208:
1201:
1194:
1185:
1184:
1161:: amidine-lyases
1127:: ammonia-lyases
1110:Carbon–nitrogen
1104:
1097:
1090:
1081:
1080:
903:4.2) (primarily
889:
882:
875:
866:
865:
813:Isocitrate lyase
618:
611:
604:
595:
594:
471:Hanes–Woolf plot
414:Enzyme activator
409:Enzyme inhibitor
383:Enzyme catalysis
327:
320:
313:
304:
303:
286:
277:
271:
270:
259:
202:guanylyl cyclase
198:adenylyl cyclase
83:Michael reaction
21:
1712:
1711:
1707:
1706:
1705:
1703:
1702:
1701:
1682:
1681:
1680:
1679:
1622:
1620:
1608:
1600:
1598:
1589:
1549:
1511:
1475:
1463:
1447:
1383:
1366:
1355:
1325:
1320:
1297:
1286:
1256:
1251:
1223:
1212:
1182:
1177:
1153:
1119:
1108:
1078:
1073:
1049:
1030:
1006:
908:
893:
863:
858:
822:
794:
744:
633:
622:
592:
587:
499:Oxidoreductases
485:
461:Enzyme kinetics
449:
445:List of enzymes
418:
387:
358:Catalytic triad
336:
331:
290:
289:
278:
274:
267:www.uniprot.org
261:
260:
256:
251:
239:
219:
161:aldehyde lyases
142:
113:
99:
35:
28:
23:
22:
15:
12:
11:
5:
1710:
1700:
1699:
1694:
1678:
1677:
1670:
1663:
1655:
1652:
1651:
1634:
1619:
1618:
1595:
1594:
1591:
1590:
1588:
1587:
1582:
1577:
1572:
1567:
1561:
1559:
1555:
1554:
1551:
1550:
1548:
1547:
1541:
1532:
1527:
1521:
1519:
1513:
1512:
1510:
1509:
1504:
1499:
1494:
1488:
1486:
1477:
1469:
1468:
1465:
1464:
1462:
1461:
1455:
1453:
1449:
1448:
1446:
1445:
1440:
1435:
1430:
1425:
1420:
1415:
1410:
1405:
1400:
1394:
1392:
1385:
1374:
1368:
1367:
1354:
1353:
1346:
1339:
1331:
1322:
1321:
1319:
1318:
1313:
1307:
1305:
1299:
1298:
1288:Carbon–halide
1285:
1284:
1277:
1270:
1262:
1253:
1252:
1250:
1249:
1244:
1239:
1233:
1231:
1225:
1224:
1214:Carbon–sulfur
1211:
1210:
1203:
1196:
1188:
1179:
1178:
1176:
1175:
1170:
1164:
1162:
1155:
1154:
1152:
1151:
1146:
1141:
1136:
1130:
1128:
1121:
1120:
1107:
1106:
1099:
1092:
1084:
1075:
1074:
1072:
1071:
1066:
1060:
1058:
1051:
1050:
1048:
1047:
1041:
1039:
1032:
1031:
1029:
1028:
1023:
1017:
1015:
1008:
1007:
1005:
1004:
999:
994:
989:
984:
979:
974:
969:
964:
955:
954:
953:
948:
938:
933:
928:
922:
920:
910:
909:
895:Carbon–oxygen
892:
891:
884:
877:
869:
860:
859:
857:
856:
855:
854:
849:
839:
833:
831:
824:
823:
821:
820:
815:
809:
807:
796:
795:
793:
792:
787:
782:
781:
780:
775:
770:
759:
757:
746:
745:
743:
742:
737:
728:
723:
718:
713:
708:
703:
698:
693:
688:
683:
678:
673:
668:
663:
658:
653:
647:
645:
643:Carboxy-lyases
635:
634:
624:Carbon–carbon
621:
620:
613:
606:
598:
589:
588:
586:
585:
572:
559:
546:
533:
520:
507:
493:
491:
487:
486:
484:
483:
478:
473:
468:
463:
457:
455:
451:
450:
448:
447:
442:
437:
432:
426:
424:
423:Classification
420:
419:
417:
416:
411:
406:
401:
395:
393:
389:
388:
386:
385:
380:
375:
370:
365:
360:
355:
350:
344:
342:
338:
337:
330:
329:
322:
315:
307:
301:
300:
288:
287:
272:
253:
252:
250:
247:
246:
245:
238:
235:
218:
215:
214:
213:
211:ferrochelatase
204:
191:
185:
179:
173:
164:
157:decarboxylases
141:
140:Classification
138:
112:
109:
101:
100:
97:
79:ring structure
59:chemical bonds
32:Lyase language
26:
9:
6:
4:
3:
2:
1709:
1698:
1695:
1693:
1690:
1689:
1687:
1676:
1671:
1669:
1664:
1662:
1657:
1656:
1650:
1648:
1644:
1640:
1635:
1632:
1628:
1627:
1623:
1617:
1612:
1607:
1606:
1603:
1586:
1583:
1581:
1578:
1576:
1573:
1571:
1568:
1566:
1563:
1562:
1560:
1556:
1545:
1542:
1540:
1536:
1533:
1531:
1528:
1526:
1523:
1522:
1520:
1518:
1514:
1508:
1505:
1503:
1500:
1498:
1495:
1493:
1490:
1489:
1487:
1485:
1481:
1478:
1474:
1470:
1460:
1457:
1456:
1454:
1452:extracellular
1450:
1444:
1441:
1439:
1436:
1434:
1431:
1429:
1426:
1424:
1421:
1419:
1416:
1414:
1411:
1409:
1406:
1404:
1401:
1399:
1396:
1395:
1393:
1391:intracellular
1389:
1386:
1382:
1378:
1375:
1373:
1369:
1364:
1360:
1352:
1347:
1345:
1340:
1338:
1333:
1332:
1329:
1317:
1314:
1312:
1309:
1308:
1306:
1304:
1300:
1295:
1291:
1283:
1278:
1276:
1271:
1269:
1264:
1263:
1260:
1248:
1245:
1243:
1240:
1238:
1235:
1234:
1232:
1230:
1226:
1221:
1217:
1209:
1204:
1202:
1197:
1195:
1190:
1189:
1186:
1174:
1171:
1169:
1166:
1165:
1163:
1160:
1156:
1150:
1147:
1145:
1142:
1140:
1137:
1135:
1132:
1131:
1129:
1126:
1122:
1117:
1113:
1105:
1100:
1098:
1093:
1091:
1086:
1085:
1082:
1070:
1067:
1065:
1062:
1061:
1059:
1056:
1052:
1046:
1043:
1042:
1040:
1037:
1033:
1027:
1024:
1022:
1019:
1018:
1016:
1013:
1009:
1003:
1000:
998:
995:
993:
990:
988:
985:
983:
980:
978:
975:
973:
970:
968:
965:
963:
959:
956:
952:
949:
947:
944:
943:
942:
939:
937:
934:
932:
929:
927:
924:
923:
921:
919:
915:
911:
906:
902:
898:
890:
885:
883:
878:
876:
871:
870:
867:
853:
850:
848:
845:
844:
843:
840:
838:
837:Tryptophanase
835:
834:
832:
829:
825:
819:
816:
814:
811:
810:
808:
805:
801:
797:
791:
788:
786:
783:
779:
776:
774:
771:
769:
766:
765:
764:
761:
760:
758:
755:
751:
747:
741:
738:
736:
732:
729:
727:
724:
722:
719:
717:
714:
712:
709:
707:
704:
702:
699:
697:
694:
692:
689:
687:
684:
682:
679:
677:
674:
672:
669:
667:
664:
662:
659:
657:
654:
652:
649:
648:
646:
644:
640:
636:
631:
627:
619:
614:
612:
607:
605:
600:
599:
596:
583:
579:
578:
573:
570:
566:
565:
560:
557:
553:
552:
547:
544:
540:
539:
534:
531:
527:
526:
521:
518:
514:
513:
508:
505:
501:
500:
495:
494:
492:
488:
482:
479:
477:
474:
472:
469:
467:
464:
462:
459:
458:
456:
452:
446:
443:
441:
440:Enzyme family
438:
436:
433:
431:
428:
427:
425:
421:
415:
412:
410:
407:
405:
404:Cooperativity
402:
400:
397:
396:
394:
390:
384:
381:
379:
376:
374:
371:
369:
366:
364:
363:Oxyanion hole
361:
359:
356:
354:
351:
349:
346:
345:
343:
339:
335:
328:
323:
321:
316:
314:
309:
308:
305:
299:
295:
292:
291:
285:
281:
276:
268:
264:
258:
254:
244:
241:
240:
234:
232:
228:
224:
212:
208:
205:
203:
199:
195:
192:
189:
186:
183:
180:
177:
174:
172:
168:
165:
162:
158:
154:
151:
150:
149:
147:
137:
134:
130:
126:
122:
121:decarboxylase
118:
108:
106:
95:
91:
88:
87:
86:
84:
80:
76:
72:
68:
64:
60:
57:) of various
56:
52:
48:
44:
40:
33:
19:
1697:Enzyme stubs
1647:expanding it
1636:
1621:
1358:
1289:
1215:
1111:
1026:Pectin lyase
918:Hydro-Lyases
905:dehydratases
896:
625:
577:Translocases
574:
561:
548:
537:
535:
522:
512:Transferases
509:
496:
353:Binding site
275:
266:
257:
220:
171:dehydratases
159:(EC 4.1.1),
143:
116:
114:
111:Nomenclature
102:
42:
39:biochemistry
36:
348:Active site
125:dehydratase
75:double bond
1686:Categories
842:Photolyase
778:Aldolase C
773:Aldolase B
768:Aldolase A
551:Isomerases
525:Hydrolases
392:Regulation
249:References
63:hydrolysis
1476:(4.6.1.2)
1384:(4.6.1.1)
992:Urocanase
951:Enolase 2
936:Aconitase
847:CPD lyase
430:EC number
146:EC number
105:substrate
77:or a new
71:oxidation
931:Fumarase
804:Oxo-acid
754:Aldehyde
454:Kinetics
378:Cofactor
341:Activity
237:See also
133:synthase
129:aldolase
51:breaking
1616:Biology
1507:GUCY1B3
1502:GUCY1B2
1497:GUCY1A3
1492:GUCY1A2
1057:: Other
941:Enolase
830:: Other
806:-lyases
756:-lyases
726:RuBisCO
564:Ligases
334:Enzymes
263:"Lyase"
207:EC 4.99
1692:Lyases
1639:enzyme
1602:Portal
1530:GUCY2D
1525:GUCY2C
1443:ADCY10
1359:lyases
1290:lyases
1216:lyases
1112:lyases
1055:4.2.99
897:lyases
828:4.1.99
626:lyases
538:Lyases
194:EC 4.6
188:EC 4.5
182:EC 4.4
176:EC 4.3
167:EC 4.2
153:EC 4.1
69:) and
47:enzyme
45:is an
18:Lyases
1637:This
1558:Other
1438:ADCY9
1433:ADCY8
1428:ADCY7
1423:ADCY6
1418:ADCY5
1413:ADCY4
1408:ADCY3
1403:ADCY2
1398:ADCY1
1372:4.6.1
1303:4.5.1
1229:4.4.1
1159:4.3.2
1125:4.3.1
1036:4.2.3
1012:4.2.2
946:Alpha
914:4.2.1
800:4.1.3
750:4.1.2
639:4.1.1
490:Types
43:lyase
1643:stub
1544:NPR2
1539:NPR1
1365:4.6)
1296:4.5)
1222:4.4)
1118:4.3)
632:4.1)
582:list
575:EC7
569:list
562:EC6
556:list
549:EC5
543:list
536:EC4
530:list
523:EC3
517:list
510:EC2
504:list
497:EC1
200:and
96:+ PP
94:cAMP
53:(an
41:, a
1535:ANP
282:in
225:as
90:ATP
65:(a
37:In
1688::
1363:EC
1294:EC
1220:EC
1116:EC
916::
901:EC
802::
752::
641::
630:EC
265:.
233:.
127:,
123:,
92:→
1674:e
1667:t
1660:v
1649:.
1604::
1546:)
1537:(
1361:(
1350:e
1343:t
1336:v
1292:(
1281:e
1274:t
1267:v
1218:(
1207:e
1200:t
1193:v
1114:(
1103:e
1096:t
1089:v
960:/
907:)
899:(
888:e
881:t
874:v
733:/
628:(
617:e
610:t
603:v
584:)
580:(
571:)
567:(
558:)
554:(
545:)
541:(
532:)
528:(
519:)
515:(
506:)
502:(
326:e
319:t
312:v
269:.
98:i
34:.
20:)
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