1620:
1600:
124:
may be used in the name, e.g. phosphosulfolactate synthase (EC 4.4.1.19, Michael addition of sulfite to phosphoenolpyruvate). A combination of both an elimination and a
Michael addition is seen in O-succinylhomoserine (thiol)-lyase (MetY or MetZ) which catalyses first the Îł-elimination of
125:
O-succinylhomoserine (with succinate as a leaving group) and then the addition of sulfide to the vinyl intermediate, this reaction was first classified as a lyase (EC 4.2.99.9), but was then reclassified as a transferase (EC 2.5.1.48).
1337:
1558:
1090:
1268:
1194:
875:
604:
1568:
1043:
816:
1000:
1330:
1360:
1563:
1490:
1024:
282:
1083:
699:
1291:
1217:
723:
1261:
1187:
868:
788:
738:
597:
1147:
1113:
627:
1661:
1323:
902:
806:
1523:
1127:
1076:
704:
654:
1505:
728:
1254:
1180:
861:
689:
590:
313:
719:
644:
286:
1447:
1052:
694:
955:
751:
82:
985:
975:
469:
1299:
773:
1137:
965:
950:
853:
215:
1590:
684:
639:
1654:
1573:
1225:
674:
570:
557:
544:
531:
518:
505:
492:
454:
231:
1472:
1351:
1282:
1230:
1208:
1104:
970:
889:
840:
618:
464:
418:
361:
134:
1304:
1235:
1156:
1122:
679:
664:
659:
366:
1161:
709:
649:
78:
1685:
387:
306:
93:
55:
1647:
1513:
669:
459:
211:
43:
8:
1057:
960:
946:
423:
272:
219:
1553:
1132:
1033:
914:
778:
356:
1461:
1009:
990:
1315:
1369:
801:
402:
397:
371:
299:
195:
190:
186:
137:
classification of enzymes. Lyases can be further classified into seven subclasses:
71:
67:
1068:
1680:
449:
433:
346:
182:
176:
170:
164:
155:
149:
141:
1246:
1172:
582:
96:
for the reaction in one direction, but two substrates for the reverse reaction.
1635:
1631:
1604:
631:
487:
428:
199:
20:
1674:
1619:
934:
825:
392:
351:
145:
109:
47:
39:
1014:
341:
268:
27:
883:
906:
893:
565:
500:
336:
159:
113:
74:). For example, an enzyme that catalyzed this reaction would be a lyase:
63:
830:
766:
761:
756:
251:
51:
980:
939:
924:
835:
539:
513:
59:
1599:
919:
742:
121:
117:
19:
This article is about the group of enzymes. For the language, see
1495:
1485:
1480:
929:
792:
714:
1627:
1518:
1431:
552:
322:
92:
Lyases differ from other enzymes in that they require only one
35:
152:(EC 4.1.2), oxo acid lyases (EC 4.1.3), and others (EC 4.1.99)
1426:
1421:
1416:
1411:
1406:
1401:
1396:
1391:
1386:
185:
includes lyases that cleave phosphorus–oxygen bonds, such as
1532:
1527:
291:
158:
includes lyases that cleave carbon–oxygen bonds, such as
144:
includes lyases that cleave carbon–carbon bonds, such as
232:
List of EC numbers of enzymes belonging to category EC 4
1588:
1559:
2-C-methyl-D-erythritol 2,4-cyclodiphosphate synthase
1345:
16:
Class of enzyme which catalyzes elimination reactions
1098:
70:. The reverse reaction is also possible (called a
1569:Glycosylphosphatidylinositol diacylglycerol-lyase
1276:
1202:
612:
269:Superfamilies of single-pass transmembrane lyases
167:includes lyases that cleave carbon–nitrogen bonds
1672:
179:includes lyases that cleave carbon–halide bonds
173:includes lyases that cleave carbon–sulfur bonds
1655:
1331:
1262:
1188:
1084:
869:
598:
307:
205:
120:, etc. When the product is more important,
1662:
1648:
1338:
1324:
1269:
1255:
1195:
1181:
1091:
1077:
876:
862:
605:
591:
314:
300:
1564:Phosphatidylinositol diacylglycerol-lyase
700:Phosphoribosylaminoimidazole carboxylase
1673:
1319:
1250:
1176:
1072:
857:
586:
295:
133:Lyases are classified as EC 4 in the
1614:
807:3-hydroxy-3-methylglutaryl-CoA lyase
724:Orotidine 5'-phosphate decarboxylase
285:from the Department of Chemistry at
1128:Formiminotransferase cyclodeaminase
705:Pyrophosphomevalonate decarboxylase
655:Aromatic L-amino acid decarboxylase
13:
1506:guanylate cyclase-coupled receptor
729:Uroporphyrinogen III decarboxylase
14:
1697:
690:Phosphoenolpyruvate carboxykinase
128:
1618:
1598:
720:Uridine monophosphate synthetase
645:Adenosylmethionine decarboxylase
287:Queen Mary, University of London
104:Systematic names are formed as "
1448:Extracellular adenylate cyclase
1053:Carboxymethyloxysuccinate lyase
695:Phosphoenolpyruvate carboxylase
198:includes other lyases, such as
99:
956:Methylglutaconyl-CoA hydratase
752:Fructose-bisphosphate aldolase
262:
244:
1:
986:Uroporphyrinogen III synthase
976:3-Isopropylmalate dehydratase
237:
218:or anchored through a single
1634:. You can help Knowledge by
1300:Dichloromethane dehalogenase
774:2-hydroxyphytanoyl-CoA lyase
216:peripheral membrane proteins
7:
1138:Phenylalanine ammonia-lyase
1003:: Acting on polysaccharides
966:Cystathionine beta synthase
951:3-Hydroxyacyl ACP dehydrase
321:
225:
210:Some lyases associate with
10:
1702:
1613:
685:Oxaloacetate decarboxylase
640:Acetoacetate decarboxylase
206:Membrane-associated lyases
18:
1574:FAD-AMP lyase (cyclizing)
1546:
1504:
1471:
1460:
1440:
1379:
1368:
1359:
1290:
1226:Cystathionine gamma-lyase
1216:
1146:
1112:
1042:
1023:
999:
901:
815:
787:
737:
675:Malonyl-CoA decarboxylase
626:
478:
470:Michaelis–Menten kinetics
442:
411:
380:
329:
1473:soluble guanylyl cyclase
1231:Cystathionine beta-lyase
971:Porphobilinogen synthase
841:Spore photoproduct lyase
362:Diffusion-limited enzyme
108:." Common names include
1305:Halohydrin dehalogenase
1236:Leukotriene C4 synthase
1157:Argininosuccinate lyase
1123:Histidine ammonia-lyase
680:Ornithine decarboxylase
665:Histidine decarboxylase
660:Glutamate decarboxylase
1630:-related article is a
1162:Adenylosuccinate lyase
1027:: Acting on phosphates
710:Pyruvate decarboxylase
650:Arginine decarboxylase
62:, often forming a new
455:Eadie–Hofstee diagram
388:Allosteric regulation
106:substrate group-lyase
56:substitution reaction
670:Lysine decarboxylase
465:Lineweaver–Burk plot
212:biological membranes
50:by means other than
44:elimination reaction
1058:Hydroperoxide lyase
961:Tryptophan synthase
947:Enoyl-CoA hydratase
273:Membranome database
220:transmembrane helix
38:that catalyzes the
1554:Cytidylate cyclase
1346:Phosphorus–oxygen
1133:Serine dehydratase
1034:Threonine synthase
915:Carbonic anhydrase
779:Threonine aldolase
424:Enzyme superfamily
357:Enzyme promiscuity
1643:
1642:
1586:
1585:
1582:
1581:
1542:
1541:
1462:Guanylate cyclase
1456:
1455:
1370:Adenylate cyclase
1313:
1312:
1244:
1243:
1170:
1169:
1066:
1065:
1010:Hyaluronate lyase
991:Nitrile hydratase
851:
850:
580:
579:
283:EC 4 Introduction
1693:
1664:
1657:
1650:
1622:
1615:
1603:
1602:
1594:
1469:
1468:
1377:
1376:
1366:
1365:
1340:
1333:
1326:
1317:
1316:
1271:
1264:
1257:
1248:
1247:
1197:
1190:
1183:
1174:
1173:
1150:: amidine-lyases
1116:: ammonia-lyases
1099:Carbon–nitrogen
1093:
1086:
1079:
1070:
1069:
892:4.2) (primarily
878:
871:
864:
855:
854:
802:Isocitrate lyase
607:
600:
593:
584:
583:
460:Hanes–Woolf plot
403:Enzyme activator
398:Enzyme inhibitor
372:Enzyme catalysis
316:
309:
302:
293:
292:
275:
266:
260:
259:
248:
191:guanylyl cyclase
187:adenylyl cyclase
72:Michael reaction
1701:
1700:
1696:
1695:
1694:
1692:
1691:
1690:
1671:
1670:
1669:
1668:
1611:
1609:
1597:
1589:
1587:
1578:
1538:
1500:
1464:
1452:
1436:
1372:
1355:
1344:
1314:
1309:
1286:
1275:
1245:
1240:
1212:
1201:
1171:
1166:
1142:
1108:
1097:
1067:
1062:
1038:
1019:
995:
897:
882:
852:
847:
811:
783:
733:
622:
611:
581:
576:
488:Oxidoreductases
474:
450:Enzyme kinetics
438:
434:List of enzymes
407:
376:
347:Catalytic triad
325:
320:
279:
278:
267:
263:
256:www.uniprot.org
250:
249:
245:
240:
228:
208:
150:aldehyde lyases
131:
102:
88:
24:
17:
12:
11:
5:
1699:
1689:
1688:
1683:
1667:
1666:
1659:
1652:
1644:
1641:
1640:
1623:
1608:
1607:
1584:
1583:
1580:
1579:
1577:
1576:
1571:
1566:
1561:
1556:
1550:
1548:
1544:
1543:
1540:
1539:
1537:
1536:
1530:
1521:
1516:
1510:
1508:
1502:
1501:
1499:
1498:
1493:
1488:
1483:
1477:
1475:
1466:
1458:
1457:
1454:
1453:
1451:
1450:
1444:
1442:
1438:
1437:
1435:
1434:
1429:
1424:
1419:
1414:
1409:
1404:
1399:
1394:
1389:
1383:
1381:
1374:
1363:
1357:
1356:
1343:
1342:
1335:
1328:
1320:
1311:
1310:
1308:
1307:
1302:
1296:
1294:
1288:
1287:
1277:Carbon–halide
1274:
1273:
1266:
1259:
1251:
1242:
1241:
1239:
1238:
1233:
1228:
1222:
1220:
1214:
1213:
1203:Carbon–sulfur
1200:
1199:
1192:
1185:
1177:
1168:
1167:
1165:
1164:
1159:
1153:
1151:
1144:
1143:
1141:
1140:
1135:
1130:
1125:
1119:
1117:
1110:
1109:
1096:
1095:
1088:
1081:
1073:
1064:
1063:
1061:
1060:
1055:
1049:
1047:
1040:
1039:
1037:
1036:
1030:
1028:
1021:
1020:
1018:
1017:
1012:
1006:
1004:
997:
996:
994:
993:
988:
983:
978:
973:
968:
963:
958:
953:
944:
943:
942:
937:
927:
922:
917:
911:
909:
899:
898:
884:Carbon–oxygen
881:
880:
873:
866:
858:
849:
848:
846:
845:
844:
843:
838:
828:
822:
820:
813:
812:
810:
809:
804:
798:
796:
785:
784:
782:
781:
776:
771:
770:
769:
764:
759:
748:
746:
735:
734:
732:
731:
726:
717:
712:
707:
702:
697:
692:
687:
682:
677:
672:
667:
662:
657:
652:
647:
642:
636:
634:
632:Carboxy-lyases
624:
623:
613:Carbon–carbon
610:
609:
602:
595:
587:
578:
577:
575:
574:
561:
548:
535:
522:
509:
496:
482:
480:
476:
475:
473:
472:
467:
462:
457:
452:
446:
444:
440:
439:
437:
436:
431:
426:
421:
415:
413:
412:Classification
409:
408:
406:
405:
400:
395:
390:
384:
382:
378:
377:
375:
374:
369:
364:
359:
354:
349:
344:
339:
333:
331:
327:
326:
319:
318:
311:
304:
296:
290:
289:
277:
276:
261:
242:
241:
239:
236:
235:
234:
227:
224:
207:
204:
203:
202:
200:ferrochelatase
193:
180:
174:
168:
162:
153:
146:decarboxylases
130:
129:Classification
127:
101:
98:
90:
89:
86:
68:ring structure
48:chemical bonds
21:Lyase language
15:
9:
6:
4:
3:
2:
1698:
1687:
1684:
1682:
1679:
1678:
1676:
1665:
1660:
1658:
1653:
1651:
1646:
1645:
1639:
1637:
1633:
1629:
1624:
1621:
1617:
1616:
1612:
1606:
1601:
1596:
1595:
1592:
1575:
1572:
1570:
1567:
1565:
1562:
1560:
1557:
1555:
1552:
1551:
1549:
1545:
1534:
1531:
1529:
1525:
1522:
1520:
1517:
1515:
1512:
1511:
1509:
1507:
1503:
1497:
1494:
1492:
1489:
1487:
1484:
1482:
1479:
1478:
1476:
1474:
1470:
1467:
1463:
1459:
1449:
1446:
1445:
1443:
1441:extracellular
1439:
1433:
1430:
1428:
1425:
1423:
1420:
1418:
1415:
1413:
1410:
1408:
1405:
1403:
1400:
1398:
1395:
1393:
1390:
1388:
1385:
1384:
1382:
1380:intracellular
1378:
1375:
1371:
1367:
1364:
1362:
1358:
1353:
1349:
1341:
1336:
1334:
1329:
1327:
1322:
1321:
1318:
1306:
1303:
1301:
1298:
1297:
1295:
1293:
1289:
1284:
1280:
1272:
1267:
1265:
1260:
1258:
1253:
1252:
1249:
1237:
1234:
1232:
1229:
1227:
1224:
1223:
1221:
1219:
1215:
1210:
1206:
1198:
1193:
1191:
1186:
1184:
1179:
1178:
1175:
1163:
1160:
1158:
1155:
1154:
1152:
1149:
1145:
1139:
1136:
1134:
1131:
1129:
1126:
1124:
1121:
1120:
1118:
1115:
1111:
1106:
1102:
1094:
1089:
1087:
1082:
1080:
1075:
1074:
1071:
1059:
1056:
1054:
1051:
1050:
1048:
1045:
1041:
1035:
1032:
1031:
1029:
1026:
1022:
1016:
1013:
1011:
1008:
1007:
1005:
1002:
998:
992:
989:
987:
984:
982:
979:
977:
974:
972:
969:
967:
964:
962:
959:
957:
954:
952:
948:
945:
941:
938:
936:
933:
932:
931:
928:
926:
923:
921:
918:
916:
913:
912:
910:
908:
904:
900:
895:
891:
887:
879:
874:
872:
867:
865:
860:
859:
856:
842:
839:
837:
834:
833:
832:
829:
827:
826:Tryptophanase
824:
823:
821:
818:
814:
808:
805:
803:
800:
799:
797:
794:
790:
786:
780:
777:
775:
772:
768:
765:
763:
760:
758:
755:
754:
753:
750:
749:
747:
744:
740:
736:
730:
727:
725:
721:
718:
716:
713:
711:
708:
706:
703:
701:
698:
696:
693:
691:
688:
686:
683:
681:
678:
676:
673:
671:
668:
666:
663:
661:
658:
656:
653:
651:
648:
646:
643:
641:
638:
637:
635:
633:
629:
625:
620:
616:
608:
603:
601:
596:
594:
589:
588:
585:
572:
568:
567:
562:
559:
555:
554:
549:
546:
542:
541:
536:
533:
529:
528:
523:
520:
516:
515:
510:
507:
503:
502:
497:
494:
490:
489:
484:
483:
481:
477:
471:
468:
466:
463:
461:
458:
456:
453:
451:
448:
447:
445:
441:
435:
432:
430:
429:Enzyme family
427:
425:
422:
420:
417:
416:
414:
410:
404:
401:
399:
396:
394:
393:Cooperativity
391:
389:
386:
385:
383:
379:
373:
370:
368:
365:
363:
360:
358:
355:
353:
352:Oxyanion hole
350:
348:
345:
343:
340:
338:
335:
334:
332:
328:
324:
317:
312:
310:
305:
303:
298:
297:
294:
288:
284:
281:
280:
274:
270:
265:
257:
253:
247:
243:
233:
230:
229:
223:
221:
217:
213:
201:
197:
194:
192:
188:
184:
181:
178:
175:
172:
169:
166:
163:
161:
157:
154:
151:
147:
143:
140:
139:
138:
136:
126:
123:
119:
115:
111:
110:decarboxylase
107:
97:
95:
84:
80:
77:
76:
75:
73:
69:
65:
61:
57:
53:
49:
46:) of various
45:
41:
37:
33:
29:
22:
1686:Enzyme stubs
1636:expanding it
1625:
1610:
1347:
1278:
1204:
1100:
1015:Pectin lyase
907:Hydro-Lyases
894:dehydratases
885:
614:
566:Translocases
563:
550:
537:
526:
524:
511:
501:Transferases
498:
485:
342:Binding site
264:
255:
246:
209:
160:dehydratases
148:(EC 4.1.1),
132:
105:
103:
100:Nomenclature
91:
31:
28:biochemistry
25:
337:Active site
114:dehydratase
64:double bond
1675:Categories
831:Photolyase
767:Aldolase C
762:Aldolase B
757:Aldolase A
540:Isomerases
514:Hydrolases
381:Regulation
238:References
52:hydrolysis
1465:(4.6.1.2)
1373:(4.6.1.1)
981:Urocanase
940:Enolase 2
925:Aconitase
836:CPD lyase
419:EC number
135:EC number
94:substrate
66:or a new
60:oxidation
920:Fumarase
793:Oxo-acid
743:Aldehyde
443:Kinetics
367:Cofactor
330:Activity
226:See also
122:synthase
118:aldolase
40:breaking
1605:Biology
1496:GUCY1B3
1491:GUCY1B2
1486:GUCY1A3
1481:GUCY1A2
1046:: Other
930:Enolase
819:: Other
795:-lyases
745:-lyases
715:RuBisCO
553:Ligases
323:Enzymes
252:"Lyase"
196:EC 4.99
1681:Lyases
1628:enzyme
1591:Portal
1519:GUCY2D
1514:GUCY2C
1432:ADCY10
1348:lyases
1279:lyases
1205:lyases
1101:lyases
1044:4.2.99
886:lyases
817:4.1.99
615:lyases
527:Lyases
183:EC 4.6
177:EC 4.5
171:EC 4.4
165:EC 4.3
156:EC 4.2
142:EC 4.1
58:) and
36:enzyme
34:is an
1626:This
1547:Other
1427:ADCY9
1422:ADCY8
1417:ADCY7
1412:ADCY6
1407:ADCY5
1402:ADCY4
1397:ADCY3
1392:ADCY2
1387:ADCY1
1361:4.6.1
1292:4.5.1
1218:4.4.1
1148:4.3.2
1114:4.3.1
1025:4.2.3
1001:4.2.2
935:Alpha
903:4.2.1
789:4.1.3
739:4.1.2
628:4.1.1
479:Types
32:lyase
1632:stub
1533:NPR2
1528:NPR1
1354:4.6)
1285:4.5)
1211:4.4)
1107:4.3)
621:4.1)
571:list
564:EC7
558:list
551:EC6
545:list
538:EC5
532:list
525:EC4
519:list
512:EC3
506:list
499:EC2
493:list
486:EC1
189:and
85:+ PP
83:cAMP
42:(an
30:, a
1524:ANP
271:in
214:as
79:ATP
54:(a
26:In
1677::
1352:EC
1283:EC
1209:EC
1105:EC
905::
890:EC
791::
741::
630::
619:EC
254:.
222:.
116:,
112:,
81:→
1663:e
1656:t
1649:v
1638:.
1593::
1535:)
1526:(
1350:(
1339:e
1332:t
1325:v
1281:(
1270:e
1263:t
1256:v
1207:(
1196:e
1189:t
1182:v
1103:(
1092:e
1085:t
1078:v
949:/
896:)
888:(
877:e
870:t
863:v
722:/
617:(
606:e
599:t
592:v
573:)
569:(
560:)
556:(
547:)
543:(
534:)
530:(
521:)
517:(
508:)
504:(
495:)
491:(
315:e
308:t
301:v
258:.
87:i
23:.
Text is available under the Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike License. Additional terms may apply.