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962:/ "Your child, see, repentant"). Alone now, Luisa continues praying. Rodolfo slips in and unseen pours poison into the water jug on the table. He then asks Luisa if she really wrote the letter in which she declared her love for Wurm. "Yes," the girl replies. Rodolfo drinks a glass of water and passes a glass to Luisa, inviting her to drink. Then he tells her that they are both condemned to die. Before she dies, Luisa has time to tell Rodolfo the truth about the letter (Duet:
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932:/ "When at eventide, in the tranquil glimmer of a starry sky"). The young man has challenged Wurm to a duel. To avoid the confrontation the courtier fires his pistol in the air, bringing the Count and his servants running in. Count Walter advises Rodolfo to revenge the offense he has suffered by marrying Duchess Federica. In despair, Rodolfo abandons himself to fate (
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newly-acquired
Parisian elements to become assimilated into his Italian style" – resulting in "the best of it set a new standard in Verdian opera." He demonstrates how in act 3, "the sensitive scoring, the flexibility of the musical forms, the growing importance of the role which Verdi assigned to the orchestra ... permits him to write two lengthy dialogue
891:
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Julian Budden provides a summary of the strengths of this opera and demonstrates how it takes on many new dimensions based on several things: the relatively longer time-frame for completing the piece, the fact that Verdi did make sketches of some of the music in advance, the opportunity "to allow the
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to leave Paris; Verdi went to his native
Busseto, arriving about 10 August, and took up residence in the Palazzo Orlandi (also referred to as the Palazzo Cavalli, after its architect) which he had bought in 1845; Strepponi joined him there a month later, for what was to be a difficult period in both
876:
Miller tells his daughter who
Rodolfo really is. Rodolfo arrives and admits his deception but swears that his love is sincere. Kneeling in front of Miller he declares that Luisa is his bride. Count Walter enters and confronts his son. Drawing his sword, Miller defends his daughter and Walter orders
898:
Villagers come to Luisa and tell her that her father has been seen being dragged away in chains. Then Wurm arrives and confirms that Miller is to be executed. But he offers her a bargain: her father's freedom in exchange for a letter in which Luisa declares her love for Wurm and states that she has
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in Naples. He attempted to negotiate his way out of this obligation and, when that failed, Cammarano came up with the idea of adapting the
Schiller play, with which Verdi was familiar. The process was set in motion, with Verdi still living and working on initial ideas from Paris, where he had been
1007:(Luisa and Miller; Luisa and Rodolfo). Of these two duets, David Kimball notes that they "best illustrate Verdi's habit of fashioning the musical forms to match the dramatic purpose", although Parker slightly qualifies this by stating that he sees the opera's importance amongst those written pre-
252:
In August 1848, Verdi had written to the Naples opera house cancelling his contract of three years previous, in which he had agreed to write an opera for them. However, the management held him to it by threatening his librettist for failing to provide a libretto, and Verdi relented, encouraging
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Cammarano moved the action from a princely court (in the 18th century) to a
Tyrolean village (in the 17th century), and shifted the characters away from the princely intrigues which preoccupied Schiller. He therefore moved the focus much more toward the "Liebe" (Love) and away from the "Kabale"
841:/ "I love you with a love that words can only express badly"). As the villagers leave to enter the nearby church, Miller is approached by a courtier, Wurm, who is in love with Luisa and wishes to marry her. But Miller tells him that he will never make a decision against his daughter's will (
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Verdi's reply to
Cammarano on 17 May outlines some of his concerns; these revolved around the shift of some elements (especially in act 2) and the addition of a duet for Walter and Wurm. As Budden notes, "the only one of these points on which Verdi got his way was the new duet" (because the
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that the opera "is in every sense a bourgeois tragedy it feeds on the extraordinary fascination we have for everyday violent crimes. Nothing so far written by Verdi comes close to the concept of realism" and he also comments on the essentially "private" nature of the opera; before
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is scored for piccolo, two flutes, two oboes, 2 clarinets, two bassoons, four horns, four offstage horns, two trumpets, three trombones, one cimbasso, one harp, timpani, a bell representing a church bell, a bell representing the castle clock, bass drum and cymbals, organ and strings.
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librettist raised various objections regarding the conditions at the San Carlo and various others), but Budden emphasizes the "spirit of give and take" which prevailed through their relationship. One example regarded the ending of act 1 where Verdi emphasized that there should no
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The premiere, on 8 December 1849, was well received, although for Verdi, the experience of dealing with the authorities at the San Carlo Opera in Naples caused him to vow never to produce another opera there. In fact, he never did, in spite of having initially written
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In the distance echoes of the celebration of
Rodolfo and Federica's wedding can be heard. Old Miller, freed from prison, comes back home. He enters his house and embraces his daughter, then reads the letter she has prepared for Rodolfo. Luisa is determined
147:
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in three mounting stages; but it is nothing like a conventional stretta. Nor is there any operatic model for this type of ending. Verdi had gone far beyond the example of his
Italian predecessors in allowing the original drama to dictate his formal
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agreed upon, from Paris Verdi approached the Naples management, trying to obtain a delay or, at least, to allow the new opera to be presented in his absence. When this approach was rejected, the composer made plans for both himself and his companion
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It was from
Busseto that Verdi then began work on the score of this opera, having received the libretto from Cammarano on 13 August. In October he left for Naples, accompanied by Antonio Barezzi, whom he continued to refer to as his "father-in-law".
837:/"I saw him and my heart felt its first thrill of love") and looks for him in the crowd. Luisa's father, Miller, is worried by this mysterious love since Carlo is a stranger. Carlo appears and the couple sing of their love (Duet:
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Cammarano advised the composer to avoid a story which had any sort of revolutionary tinge, and he came back with an idea which Verdi himself had once proposed in 1846 when he was recovering from his illness and in the company of
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At the castle Walter and Wurm recall how the Count rose to power by killing his own cousin and Wurm reminds the Count how
Rodolfo also knows of this. The two men realize that, unless they act together, they may be doomed (Duet:
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that both father and daughter be arrested. Rodolfo stands up against his father and threatens him: if he does not free the girl, Rodolfo will reveal how Walter became count. Frightened, Walter orders Luisa to be freed.
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to end act 2 (but, at the same time, he accommodated the librettist who wanted the act to conclude with music that "should quicken towards an animated finish"). In musical terms, Budden notes that Verdi agreed and:
574:, Covent Garden, also with Ricciarelli in the title role. Luciano Pavarotti sang the role of Rodolfo in the original run; later seasons saw Ricciarelli reprising the title role with tenor José Carreras, followed by
146:
903:/ "Punish me, o Lord"), she gives way and writes the letter at the same time being warned that she must keep up the pretense of voluntarily writing the letter and being in love with Wurm. Cursing him (
293:. But, as it turned out, Cammarano had to tell Verdi that the Naples censors rejected the outline of a subject which had interested Verdi very much since the time he prepared his previous opera,
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When Rodolfo is left alone with Federica, he confesses that he loves another woman, hoping that the duchess will understand. But Federica is too much in love with him to understand (Duet:
1983:
978:/ "Oh, child, life of your father's heart"). As Luisa dies, the peasants enter with Count Walter and Wurm. Rodolfo runs his sword through Wurm's breast, declaring to his father
845:/ "The choice of a husband is sacred"). Irritated by his reply, Wurm reveals to Miller that in reality Carlo is Rodolfo, Count Walter's son. Alone, Miller expresses his anger (
623:
as Miller. In 2012, productions were seen in three German cities including Berlin, Stuttgart, and Munich, as well as Malmo in Sweden. In 2013, the opera was presented by the
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as being not so much "for its formal experiments as for its control of conventional musical forms, especially the grand duet." In that regard, he sees it as resembling
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861:/ "I would give my life's blood"). When Rodolfo enters, the Count tells him that it is intended that he marry Walter's niece Federica, the Duchess of Ostheim.
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in the summer of 1849. It was from there that he wrote the music and traveled to Naples for rehearsals. The first performance was given on 8 December 1849.
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966:/ "Weep; your sorrow is more justified"). Miller returns and comforts his dying daughter; together the three say their prayers and farewells (Trio, Luisa:
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was given in Rome in 1850 and in Venice, Florence and Milan again up to 1852. The US premiere was staged by the Caroline Richings Company at the
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On Luisa's birthday, the villagers have gathered outside her house to serenade her. She loves Carlo, a young man she has met in the village (
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1864:
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in Duisburg and Düsseldorf, and in Budapest. The San Francisco Opera opened their 93rd season in September 2015 by performing the opera.
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in October 2007 as part of their ongoing "Festival Verdi"; and the ABAO in Bilbao, Spain, in 2012 as part of its "Viva Verdi" series. The
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Cammarano to develop "a brief drama with plenty of interest, action and above all feeling – which would make it easier to set to music".
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Wurm informs the Count of Rodolfo's love for Luisa and is ordered to summon the son. The Count expresses his frustration with his son (
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1967:
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1046:. It is, in short, the fourth Verdi opera which may be taken completely seriously: and up to this point he had written fourteen.
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on 27 October 1852 with Caroline Richings in the title role. This was followed on 3 June 1858 by the first UK presentation at
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355:, and the librettist agreed provided that "the act did not end in slow tempo but should quicken towards an animated finish."(
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Rodolfo reads Luisa's letter and, ordering a servant to summon Wurm, he laments the happy times which he spent with Luisa (
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920:/ "The noble inheritance of my cousin"). Duchess Federica and Luisa enter. The girl confirms the contents of her letter.
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Verdi's initial idea for a new opera – for which he had a contract going back over several years – was rejected by the
289:, found him engaged as a soldier for the new Venetian republic, and so contacted Cammarano in Naples with the idea of
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is, in its own right, a very fine libretto", he continues by comparing it with Cammarano's previous libretto for
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Chusid, (Ed.): Chusid notes that the eight operas of the "middle period" begin with this opera and end with
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Parker, p. 82: He refers to 19th century writer Basevi's description as this begins Verdi's "second manner".
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958:/ "The grave is a bed strewn with flowers"), but Miller manages to persuade her to stay with him. (Duet:
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and its aftermath to "do what you can to nourish the , to strengthen it, and direct it to its goal".
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268:. This new subject was also a patriotic piece: Verdi had taken to heart the admonitions of the poet
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2365:, full score critical edition. Chicago & Milan: University of Chicago Press & G. Ricordi.
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the domesticity of the story as opposed to the larger, public nature of the earlier opera. Verdi's
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describes the libretto as "inadequate as an adaptation of Schiller's excellent play Cammarano's
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Three opera companies, which plan to present all of Verdi's operas, have given this opera: the
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several times in those years, particularly in San Francisco and again in Turin along with
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313:), this was to be the most fascinating of Verdi unrealized subjects"; another biographer
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299:. His inability to continue to develop the project came as a blow. Verdi's biographer
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1984:"San Francisco Opera to Open 93rd Season This Fall with Gala Performance of
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While not as popular as the most often performed of Verdi's works such as
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236:), and it is regarded as the beginning of the composer's "middle period".
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Damigelle di Federica, Paggi, Famigliari, Arcieri, Abitanti del villaggio
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Following its initial six performances during the 1929/30 season at the
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2446:(1982), New York: Knopf, 1962, Chicago: University of Chicago Press.
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Verdi to Flauto, letters of 1 June and 26 July 1849, in Budden, p. 423
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In Verdi's mind, he had the perfect subject, to be based on the novel
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living for almost two years before moving back to his home town of
189:
2278:, Vol. Three, pp. 80–82. London: Macmillan Publishers, Inc.
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in New York, the opera was not given there again until 1968 under
264:, which glorified the life of the 16th-century Florentine soldier
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is fairly often seen on the stages of the world's opera houses.
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Baldini makes a similar point when he comments in his 1970 book
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414:, which deals, amongst other things, with bourgeois hypocrisy.
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Attempting to get a new libretto underway, Verdi approached
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2174:
The Story of Giuseppe Verdi: Oberto to Un Ballo in Maschera
1028:
in terms of artistic value the opera is comparable only to
508:
547:. The Met has revived the work numerous times since then.
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Nineteenth-Century Italian Opera: From Rossini to Puccini
2302:, London & New York: Oxford University Press, 1993
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on operadis-opera-discography.org. Retrieved 9 July 2013
1733:
Verdi to Cammarano, 24 September 1848, in Budden, p. 419
550:
Notable revivals include those featuring Caballé at the
2172:
Baldini, Gabriele (1970), (trans. Roger Parker, 1980),
1054:
above): that Verdi was unwilling to set a conventional
383:
2323:. Chicago & London: University of Chicago Press.
1050:
Another musical example has been noted by Budden (See
1862:
321:
as "one of Verdi's most important uncomposed works."
50:
The death of Luisa from the first edition vocal score
2215:, Chicago and London: University of Chicago Press.
907:/ "O perfidious wretch"), Luisa wants only to die.
604:as Luisa and Rodolfo respectively on 8 March 2008.
2405:, Oxford & New York: Oxford University Press.
1742:Giusti to Verdi, date unknown, in Osborne, p. 189
3626:
868:/ "Pray forgive my lips for the bitter words").
970:/ "Father, receive my last farewell"; Rodolfo:
2319:De Van, Gilles (trans. Gilda Roberts) (1998),
596:at the Bastille Opera presented the work with
3670:Opera world premieres at the Teatro San Carlo
3463:
2553:
2321:Verdi’s Theater: Creating Drama Through Music
3184:Orchestra Sinfonica di Milano Giuseppe Verdi
2388:(1983), New York: Dodd, Mead and Company.
982:/ "Look on your punishment" before he dies.
936:/ "Prepare the altar or the grave for me").
894:Salvadore Cammarano, librettist of the opera
607:In April–May 2010, a new production of the
3635:Operas based on works by Friedrich Schiller
2513:(official Teatro La Fenice YouTube channel)
2403:The New Grove Guide to Verdi and His Operas
2346:Divas and Scholar: Performing Italian Opera
2195:The Operas of Verdi, Volume 1: From Oberto
1869:. University Rochester Press. p. 189.
570:. In 1978 the opera was presented at the
3470:
3456:
2560:
2546:
1866:Verdi in America: Oberto Through Rigoletto
866:Deh! la parola amara perdona al labbro mio
588:in 1999 as part of its "Verdi Cycle"; the
489:
44:
2533:International Music Score Library Project
2348:, Chicago: University of Chicago Press.
2011:List of singers taken from Budden, p. 418
232:, the French translation and revision of
2096:
2094:
2092:
1851:Performances listed on librettodopera.it
1051:
1024:, Baldini goes as far as to state that:
911:Scene:2: A room in Count Walter's castle
889:
638:
442:
434:
243:
2048:
2046:
2044:
2014:
1828:
1826:
1187:RCA Italiana Opera Chorus and Orchestra
447:Settimeo Malvezzi, the original Rodolfo
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1816:
1814:
1768:
1766:
1707:
1705:
1414:LUI-01 (NTSC);Polygram 079 262-3 (PAL)
899:tricked Rodolfo. Initially resisting (
439:Marietta Gazzaniga, the original Luisa
430:
239:
228:This was Verdi's 15th opera (counting
3451:
2541:
2089:
2055:
2041:
1823:
384:Distinctive elements of the libretto
2213:Verdi’s Middle Period, 1849 to 1859
1811:
1763:
1702:
956:La tomba è un letto sparso di fiori
849:/ "Ah! My suspicion was correct").
339:. Therefore, he sent a synopsis of
13:
2567:
2437:Giuseppe Verdi: His Life and Works
2240:, New York: Penguin Putnam, 2001.
643:Achille De Bassini; Lithograph by
329:(who was writing the libretto for
126:
14:
3686:
2492:
2422:, Portland, OR: Amadeus Press.
2276:The New Grove Dictionary of Opera
1302:Cat: B00003ZA2E Video recording:
466:In Italy following the premiere,
272:, who had pleaded with him after
3433:
3432:
3383:Giuseppe Verdi's Rigoletto Story
3111:
2386:Verdi: His Music, Life and Times
2257:, New York: Da Capo Press, Inc.
1360:Cat: DG 073 4027 and B0007070-09
1291:Royal Opera House, Covent Garden
1020:As to the overall importance of
985:
976:O figlia, o vita del cor paterno
974:/ "Oh, forgive my sin"; Miller:
886:Scene 1: A room in Miller's home
363:(Intrigue) aspects of the play.
166:Problems playing this file? See
144:
2373:(University of Chicago Press),
2180:: Cambridge University Press.
2144:
2119:
2070:
2062:List of existing recordings of
2032:
2023:
2005:
1976:
1958:
1933:
1908:
1883:
1856:
1844:
1835:
1808:Phillips-Marz, pp. 249–253
1802:
1793:
1751:Phillips-Matz, pp. 241–242
1624:Chor des Bayerischen Rundfunks
843:Sacra la scelta è d'un consorte
562:sang the title role along with
451:
280:political turmoil of March 1848
2624:I Lombardi alla prima crociata
2594:Oberto, Conte di San Bonifacio
2479:Verdi: The Man and His Letters
2458:The Oxford Dictionary of Opera
2456:Warrack, John and West, Ewan,
2211:Chusid, Martin, (Ed.) (1997),
1863:George Whitney Martin (2011).
1784:
1775:
1754:
1745:
1736:
1727:
1714:
918:L'alto retaggio non ho bramato
853:Scene 2: Count Walter's castle
660:Premiere Cast, 8 December 1849
234:I Lombardi alla prima crociata
1:
1965:Parma's 2007 "Festival Verdi"
1691:
1072:
968:Padre, ricevi l'estremo addio
260:("The Siege of Florence") by
3403:Casa di Riposo per Musicisti
3148:Theatres named after Verdi (
2274:" in Stanley Sadie, (Ed.),
847:Ah fu giusto il mio sospetto
627:company in Tel Aviv, by the
262:Francesco Domenico Guerrazzi
7:
3142:Memorials to Giuseppe Verdi
2503:"Quando le sere al placido"
2255:The Complete Opera of Verdi
2238:The New Penguin Opera Guide
1920:Metropolitan Opera Archives
972:Ah! tu perdona il fallo mio
934:L'ara o l'avello apprestami
905:A brani, a brani, o perfido
859:Il mio sangue la vita darei
807:
554:in January 1972 and at the
420:The Story of Giuseppe Verdi
347:) to Verdi on 14 May 1849.
10:
3691:
3252:Portrait of Giuseppe Verdi
2481:, New York, Vienna House.
2232:Kimbell, David (2001), in
1620:Münchner Rundfunkorchester
1352:(Recorded live 20 January)
1098:Opera House and Orchestra
835:Lo vidi e 'l primo palpito
356:
209:) by the German dramatist
18:
3486:
3429:
3394:
3313:
3272:Verdi, the King of Melody
3242:
3133:
3100:String Quartet in E minor
3071:
2968:
2885:
2584:
2575:
1832:Baldini, pp. 157–159
1820:Osborne, pp. 206–209
1405:Orchestra and Chorus and
1082:
930:Quando le sere al placido
839:t'amo d'amor ch'esprimere
798:
156:United States Marine Band
101:8 December 1849
96:
73:
65:
55:
43:
35:
28:
3640:Operas by Giuseppe Verdi
2940:Libiamo ne' lieti calici
2296:Phillips-Matz, Mary Jane
1781:Budden, pp. 421–422
1678:(Recorded live 14 April)
1139:RAI Chorus and Orchestra
997:
964:Ah piangi; il tuo dolore
960:La figlia, vedi, pentita
939:
924:Scene 3: Rodolfo's rooms
880:
823:
813:Time: Early 17th Century
634:
19:Not to be confused with
3645:Italian-language operas
3588:La battaglia di Legnano
3177:Giuseppe Verdi Monument
2904:Bella figlia dell'amore
2724:La battaglia di Legnano
2156:, Met Opera on Demand;
2082:, Met Opera on Demand;
945:A room in Miller's home
901:Tu puniscimi, O Signore
872:Scene 3: Miller's house
490:20th century and beyond
398:La battaglia di Legnano
335:): to adapt Schiller's
315:Mary Jane Phillips-Matz
296:La battaglia di Legnano
16:Opera by Giuseppe Verdi
2784:Les vêpres siciliennes
2381:(G. Ricordi & C.).
1853:Retrieved 17 June 2013
1245:Audio CD: Arts Archive
895:
648:
629:Deutsche Oper am Rhein
448:
440:
317:adds that she regards
249:
211:Friedrich von Schiller
154:Played in 1993 by the
131:
91:Friedrich von Schiller
3675:Operas based on plays
3665:Fiction about suicide
2949:Un dì, felice, eterea
2160:, Met Opera Database.
2127:"Verdi: Luisa Miller"
2086:, Met Opera Database.
1799:Phillips-Matz, p. 250
1760:Phillips-Matz, p. 235
1585:Chorus and Orchestra
1554:orchestra and chorus
1552:Teatro Regio di Parma
1509:orchestra and chorus
1498:Alexander Vinogradov
1454:Jan-Hendrik Rootering
1241:National Philharmonic
1052:"Composition history"
893:
642:
590:Teatro Regio di Parma
552:Gran Teatre del Liceu
480:Her Majesty's Theatre
472:Walnut Street Theatre
446:
438:
287:Francesco Maria Piave
247:
130:
3411:Verdi Transcriptions
3061:Un ballo in maschera
3007:La forza del destino
2834:La forza del destino
2824:Un ballo in maschera
2578:List of compositions
2460:New York: OUP: 1992
1722:Un ballo in maschera
1676:orchestra and chorus
1659:Alexander Vinogradov
1466:orchestra and chorus
1407:Opéra de Montpellier
1367:Met Opera on Demand
1350:orchestra and chorus
1293:Chorus and Orchestra
1281:Wladimiro Ganzarolli
952:to take her own life
460:Un ballo in maschera
373:Giuseppina Strepponi
319:L'assedio di Firenze
303:notes that "next to
258:L'assedio di Firenze
3660:Operas set in Italy
3508:L'assedio di Calais
3492:Lucia di Lammermoor
3480:Salvadore Cammarano
3243:Cultural depictions
3122:Quattro pezzi sacri
2970:Opera discographies
2505:from the 2004/2005
2201:. London: Cassell.
1684:Met Opera on Demand
1664:Dmitry Belosselskiy
1571:Vladislav Sulimsky,
1496:Arutjun Kotchinian,
1357:Deutsche Grammophon
1299:Deutsche Grammophon
1238:London Opera Chorus
1124:Mitì Truccato Pace,
1115:Giacomo Lauri-Volpi
431:Performance history
400:, which contrasts:
266:Francesco Ferruccio
240:Composition history
194:Salvadore Cammarano
60:Salvadore Cammarano
3478:Opera libretti by
3170:Milan Conservatory
3091:Inno delle nazioni
3072:Other compositions
2794:I vespri siciliani
2604:Un giorno di regno
2499:Giuseppe Sabbatini
2300:Verdi: A Biography
1970:2009-03-07 at the
1674:Metropolitan Opera
1488:Giuseppe Sabbatini
1464:Metropolitan Opera
1394:Romuald Tesarowicz
1348:Metropolitan Opera
1204:Montserrat Caballe
896:
829:Scene 1: A village
697:Marietta Gazzaniga
679:Achille De Bassini
649:
609:Zurich Opera House
598:Ana Maria Martinez
529:Montserrat Caballé
521:Metropolitan Opera
449:
441:
388:When music writer
278:and after Milan's
250:
132:
3622:
3621:
3445:
3444:
3285:(1982 miniseries)
3282:The Life of Verdi
3219:Verdi, California
2931:La donna è mobile
2439:, New York: Knopf
2411:978-0-19-531314-7
2359:Kallberg, Jeffrey
2080:(20 January 1979)
1689:
1688:
1669:Bertrand de Billy
1588:DVD:Arthaus Musik
1567:Olesya Golovneva,
1540:Katarina Nikolic,
1526:Fiorenza Cedolins
1517:Cat: 2.110225-26
1385:Edward Toumajian,
1256:Katia Ricciarelli
1229:Richard van Allan
1209:Luciano Pavarotti
1195:Cat: 88875073462
805:
804:
730:Settimio Malvezzi
669:a retired soldier
572:Royal Opera House
564:Luciano Pavarotti
560:Katia Ricciarelli
556:Teatro alla Scala
366:With the idea of
357:See "Music" below
343:(which he called
248:Verdi around 1850
207:Intrigue and Love
184:in three acts by
149:
122:
121:
85:Intrigue and Love
3682:
3524:Roberto Devereux
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2531:: Scores at the
2507:Teatro La Fenice
2416:Pistone, Danièle
2384:Martin, George,
2251:Osborne, Charles
2161:
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1439:Vladimir Chernov
1412:VHS: Home Vision
1387:Susanna Anselmi,
1333:Bonaldo Giaiotti
1271:Elena Obraztsova
1224:Bonaldo Giaiotti
1077:
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980:La pena tua mira
794:Francesco Rossi
758:Walter's steward
751:Teresa Salandri
742:, Walter's niece
662:(Conductor: - )
651:
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613:Barbara Frittoli
527:. The Luisa was
525:Thomas Schippers
463:for that house.
337:Kabale und Liebe
218:Teatro San Carlo
202:Kabale und Liebe
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1614:Ante Jerkunica
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783:Maria Salvetti
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645:Josef Kriehuber
637:
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617:Fabio Armiliato
576:Plácido Domingo
543:, and the Wurm
537:Sherrill Milnes
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2102:"Luisa Miller"
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2052:Budden, p. 422
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2020:Budden, p. 446
2013:
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1992:Broadway World
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1941:"Luisa Miller"
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2522:Aria database
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2497:
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2487:0-8443-0088-8
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2472:
2471:Werfel, Franz
2469:
2467:
2466:0-19-869164-5
2463:
2459:
2455:
2453:
2452:0-226-87132-0
2449:
2445:
2444:The Man Verdi
2441:
2438:
2434:
2433:Toye, Francis
2431:
2429:
2428:0-931340-82-9
2425:
2421:
2417:
2414:
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2408:
2404:
2400:
2399:Parker, Roger
2397:
2395:
2394:0-396-08196-7
2391:
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2380:
2379:88-7592-045-1
2376:
2372:
2371:0-226-85312-8
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2354:0-226-30482-5
2351:
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2337:0-226-14370-8
2334:
2330:
2329:0-226-14369-4
2326:
2322:
2318:
2317:
2316:
2315:
2314:Other sources
2309:
2308:0-19-313204-4
2305:
2301:
2297:
2294:
2292:
2291:1-56159-228-5
2288:
2285:
2284:0-333-73432-7
2281:
2277:
2273:
2269:
2268:Parker, Roger
2266:
2264:
2263:0-306-80072-1
2260:
2256:
2252:
2249:
2247:
2246:0-14-029312-4
2243:
2239:
2235:
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2229:
2228:0-226-10659-4
2225:
2222:
2221:0-226-10658-6
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2214:
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2208:
2207:0-304-31058-1
2204:
2200:
2196:
2192:
2189:
2187:
2186:0-521-29712-5
2183:
2179:
2176:. Cambridge,
2175:
2171:
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2169:
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2159:
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2128:
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2017:
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1876:9781580463881
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1660:
1653:
1648:
1647:Piotr Beczała
1643:
1640:
1637:
1636:
1630:
1626:
1621:
1617:Ivan Repušić,
1616:
1612:Marko Mimica,
1610:Judit Kutasi,
1607:
1606:George Petean
1600:
1599:Marina Rebeka
1597:
1594:
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1587:
1584:
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1573:Ivonne Fuchs,
1566:
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1403:Opéra de Lyon
1399:
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1377:
1376:June Anderson
1374:
1371:
1370:
1364:
1358:
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1319:
1314:
1313:Renata Scotto
1311:
1308:
1307:
1304:
1300:
1296:
1292:
1287:
1284:
1282:
1277:
1276:Gwynne Howell
1272:
1267:
1266:Renato Bruson
1262:
1257:
1254:
1251:
1250:
1244:
1242:
1235:
1232:
1230:
1225:
1220:
1219:Anna Reynolds
1215:
1210:
1205:
1202:
1199:
1198:
1193:
1189:
1184:
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1179:
1178:Ezio Flagello
1174:
1173:Giorgio Tozzi
1169:
1164:
1159:
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1148:
1147:
1141:
1136:
1133:
1128:
1127:Giacomo Vaghi
1121:
1116:
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1104:
1100:
1095:
1091:Count Walter,
1079:
1078:
1066:
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986:Orchestration
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779:mezzo-soprano
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625:Israeli Opera
622:
618:
614:
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591:
587:
582:
581:
577:
573:
569:
568:José Carreras
565:
561:
558:in May 1976.
557:
553:
548:
546:
545:Ezio Flagello
542:
541:Giorgio Tozzi
539:, the Walter
538:
535:, the Miller
534:
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376:their lives.
374:
369:
364:
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354:
348:
346:
345:Eloisa Miller
342:
338:
334:
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328:
327:Andrea Maffei
322:
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301:Julian Budden
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27:
22:
3612:Il trovatore
3610:
3602:
3596:Luisa Miller
3595:
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3342:
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3322:
3305:(2011 opera)
3300:
3290:
3280:
3270:
3260:
3250:
3134:Recognitions
3120:
3089:
3079:
3060:
3051:
3043:Il trovatore
3042:
3033:
3024:
3015:
3006:
2997:
2988:
2979:
2958:Va, pensiero
2913:Celeste Aida
2895:Anvil Chorus
2872:
2862:
2852:
2842:
2832:
2822:
2812:
2802:
2792:
2782:
2772:
2764:Il trovatore
2762:
2752:
2742:
2734:Luisa Miller
2733:
2732:
2722:
2712:
2702:
2694:I masnadieri
2692:
2682:
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2642:
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2622:
2612:
2602:
2592:
2528:Luisa Miller
2527:
2511:Luisa Miller
2510:
2478:
2475:Stefan, Paul
2457:
2443:
2436:
2419:
2402:
2385:
2363:Luisa Miller
2362:
2345:
2331:(hardback),
2320:
2313:
2312:
2299:
2275:
2272:Luisa Miller
2271:
2254:
2237:
2212:
2198:
2194:
2177:
2173:
2167:Cited source
2166:
2165:
2152:Luisa Miller
2151:
2146:
2134:. Retrieved
2130:
2121:
2109:. Retrieved
2105:
2078:Luisa Miller
2077:
2072:
2064:Luisa Miller
2063:
2057:
2034:
2025:
2016:
2007:
1996:. Retrieved
1994:. 2015-06-24
1991:
1986:Luisa Miller
1985:
1978:
1960:
1948:. Retrieved
1944:
1935:
1923:. Retrieved
1919:
1910:
1898:. Retrieved
1894:
1885:
1865:
1858:
1846:
1837:
1804:
1795:
1786:
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1747:
1738:
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1716:
1696:
1695:
1459:James Levine
1449:Paul Plishka
1429:Aprile Millo
1418:Kultur Video
1390:Paul Plishka
1343:James Levine
1338:James Morris
1286:Lorin Maazel
1247:Cat: 430882
1192:RCA Red Seal
1183:Fausto Cleva
1110:Lucy Kelston
1049:
1041:
1035:
1029:
1021:
1019:
1014:Il trovatore
1012:
1008:
1001:
991:Luisa Miller
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757:
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719:
687:his daughter
686:
668:
606:
602:Ramón Vargas
583:
549:
518:
514:Luisa Miller
513:
507:
501:
495:
493:
476:Philadelphia
467:
465:
458:
455:
452:19th century
424:
419:
417:
409:
406:Luisa Miller
405:
397:
394:Luisa Miller
393:
387:
378:
368:Luisa Miller
367:
365:
361:
349:
344:
341:Luisa Miller
340:
336:
332:I masnadieri
330:
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177:Luisa Miller
176:
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174:
165:
138:
84:
77:
30:Luisa Miller
29:
3650:1849 operas
3420:Villa Verdi
3343:La Traviata
3295:(1985 play)
3275:(1953 film)
3265:(1938 film)
3205:Verdi Range
3198:Verdi Inlet
3125:(1889–1897)
3052:La traviata
2787:(June 1855)
2774:La traviata
2158:CID: 356944
2084:CID: 256260
1633:Cat:900323
1603:Ivan Magrì,
1590:Cat:101688
1583:Malmö Opera
1569:Luc Robert,
1559:Cat:722904
1557:DVD:C major
1545:Rafał Siwek
1142:Opera d'Oro
1135:Mario Rossi
1005:recitatives
816:Place: The
766:Marco Arati
738:Duchess of
657:Voice type
594:Paris Opéra
503:La Traviata
411:La traviata
21:Lisa Miller
3629:Categories
3556:La vestale
3413:(Finnissy)
3292:After Aida
3212:3975 Verdi
2989:Don Carlos
2847:(1867/84)
2844:Don Carlos
2837:(1862/69)
2714:Il corsaro
2687:(1847/65)
1998:2015-08-15
1692:References
1629:BR Klassik
1469:Audio CD:
1328:Jean Kraft
1297:Audio CD:
1234:Peter Maag
1190:Audio CD:
1153:Anna Moffo
1144:Cat: 1429
1096:Conductor,
1073:Recordings
788:A peasant
736:Federica,
615:as Luisa,
168:media help
105:1849-12-08
56:Librettist
3500:Belisario
3034:Rigoletto
2807:(1857/81)
2754:Rigoletto
2744:Stiffelio
2704:Jérusalem
2401:(2007),
2270:(1998), "
2199:Rigoletto
2193:(1984),
2106:Naxos.com
1895:Operabase
1681:HD video:
1536:Leo Nucci
1507:La Fenice
1089:Federica,
1009:Rigoletto
747:contralto
718:Rodolfo,
621:Leo Nucci
611:included
578:and then
497:Rigoletto
311:King Lear
291:L'assedio
230:Jérusalem
36:Opera by
3604:Virginia
3438:Category
3158:Florence
3150:Brindisi
2998:Falstaff
2874:Falstaff
2517:Libretto
2501:singing
2477:(1973),
2435:(1931),
2418:(1995),
2361:(1991),
2344:(2006),
2253:(1969),
1968:Archived
1950:26 March
1925:26 March
1900:26 March
1363:SD video
1085:Rodolfo,
808:Synopsis
674:baritone
667:Miller,
190:libretto
139:Overture
115:, Naples
97:Premiere
74:Based on
66:Language
3540:Poliuto
3363:Macbeth
3162:Trieste
3154:Busseto
3110:(1874)
3016:Macbeth
2867:(1887)
2857:(1871)
2827:(1859)
2777:(1853)
2767:(1853)
2757:(1851)
2684:Macbeth
2614:Nabucco
2236:(Ed.),
2136:20 June
2111:15 June
1724:(1859).
1087:Miller,
1065:allegro
1056:stretta
1043:Macbeth
1031:Nabucco
772:Laura,
740:Ostheim
720:his son
692:soprano
685:Luisa,
353:stretta
306:Re Lear
275:Macbeth
223:Busseto
103: (
69:Italian
3655:Operas
3615:(1853)
3607:(1850)
3599:(1849)
3591:(1849)
3583:(1846)
3575:(1845)
3572:Alzira
3567:(1843)
3559:(1840)
3551:(1840)
3543:(1838)
3535:(1838)
3527:(1837)
3519:(1837)
3511:(1836)
3503:(1836)
3495:(1835)
3386:(2005)
3376:(1987)
3366:(1987)
3356:(1986)
3353:Otello
3346:(1983)
3336:(1953)
3326:(1906)
3323:Otello
3255:(1886)
3102:(1873)
3094:(1862)
3084:(1848)
3025:Otello
2877:(1893)
2864:Otello
2817:(1857)
2814:Aroldo
2747:(1850)
2737:(1849)
2727:(1849)
2717:(1848)
2707:(1847)
2697:(1847)
2677:(1846)
2674:Attila
2667:(1845)
2664:Alzira
2657:(1845)
2647:(1844)
2637:(1844)
2634:Ernani
2627:(1843)
2617:(1842)
2607:(1840)
2597:(1839)
2585:Operas
2485:
2464:
2450:
2426:
2409:
2392:
2377:
2369:
2352:
2335:
2327:
2306:
2289:
2282:
2261:
2244:
2226:
2219:
2205:
2184:
1873:
1474:48073
1409:Chorus
1101:Label
1083:Luisa,
1068:ideas.
1040:, and
1037:Ernani
791:tenor
756:Wurm,
647:, 1854
484:London
180:is an
158:(5:52)
3548:Saffo
2178:et al
1697:Notes
1514:Naxos
1416:DVD:
1355:DVD:
1093:Wurm
1080:Year
1022:Luisa
998:Music
940:Act 3
881:Act 2
824:Act 1
818:Tyrol
762:bass
725:tenor
654:Role
635:Roles
468:Luisa
425:Luisa
182:opera
3373:Aida
3333:Aida
2980:Aida
2854:Aida
2483:ISBN
2473:and
2462:ISBN
2448:ISBN
2424:ISBN
2407:ISBN
2390:ISBN
2375:ISBN
2367:ISBN
2350:ISBN
2333:ISBN
2325:ISBN
2304:ISBN
2287:ISBN
2280:ISBN
2259:ISBN
2242:ISBN
2224:ISBN
2217:ISBN
2203:ISBN
2182:ISBN
2138:2020
2113:2014
1952:2018
1927:2018
1902:2018
1871:ISBN
1638:2018
1595:2018
1564:2012
1522:2007
1512:DVD:
1479:2006
1425:1991
1372:1988
1309:1979
1252:1979
1200:1975
1149:1964
1106:1951
707:bass
600:and
509:Aida
198:play
1627:CD:
506:or
482:in
474:in
359:).
192:by
89:by
3631::
3160:-
3156:-
3152:-
2298:,
2197:to
2129:.
2104:.
2091:^
2043:^
1990:.
1943:.
1918:.
1893:.
1825:^
1813:^
1765:^
1704:^
1034:,
1017:.
512:,
500:,
486:.
213:.
3471:e
3464:t
3457:v
3164:)
2960:"
2956:"
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2942:"
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2933:"
2929:"
2924:"
2920:"
2915:"
2911:"
2906:"
2902:"
2897:"
2893:"
2561:e
2554:t
2547:v
2140:.
2115:.
2001:.
1988:"
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954:(
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83:(
23:.
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