201:
101:
51:. Venezuelan film scholar Arturo Serrano, therefore believes that his interest in starting a film business was not new or unexpected when he traveled to New York in 1896. In this capacity, he operated the Maracaibo Telephone Company, opening telephone lines in the city on 5 November 1888 with an initial 50 connected devices.
132:
However, these did not show the breadth of films Méndez licensed from 1896, nor show them as widely. After the screenings in
Maracaibo, Trujillo was put under contract by Méndez to take the projector around Venezuela and Colombia, distributing and marketing films. He originally returned to Maracaibo
108:
When Méndez brought the technology to
Venezuela, it allowed him to show films in the country for the first time; he hired Trujillo to set up a show in Maracaibo, playing four shows over a few days. What was thought to be the first film screening in Venezuela was held on 11 July 1896, a fact
178:
Film scholarship in
Venezuela began in about the late 1970s, with documents produced from the early 1980s. Some early Venezuelan "scholarly" documents, like film critic Izaguirre's essay/article from 1984, mention the then-accepted Trujillo narrative when contextualising other
72:
for information. It was while he was in New York that early demonstrations from competing cinema companies took place; Méndez was inspired to get into the business, which he saw to be profitable, and made a deal for distribution rights with the
92:, Méndez had his own with the Kinetoscope Company, which produced and traded the Vitascope. It was later when the travel records of Méndez' visit to the United States were discovered was his role widely acknowledged.
673:
668:
663:
658:
653:
648:
643:
638:
633:
628:
623:
732:
737:
162:
in a positive light. The
Venezuelan audience were said to be "moved" by the depiction of their complicated political reality on international film.
694:
129:
in the country in 1895, and shown at least one film, with another report suggesting a film was shown in
Venezuela as early as 24 September 1894.
81:
750 on 10 June, becoming the first foreign deal for the
Vitascope; he received Vitascope number 25, and returned to Venezuela later that month.
579:
133:
in
November 1896 after touring Venezuela and with a collection of new films that he wished to show, but was sent to Colombia instead.
452:
381:
605:
104:
Crowds gather outside the Teatro Baralt to see films projecting on
Vitascope for the first time in Venezuela, 11 July 1896.
478:
779:
572:
537:
347:
265:
138:
31:
Méndez worked as a representative for the
American Telephone Company across the west of Venezuela, operating in
678:
618:
613:
753:
565:
504:
699:
48:
532:. Musser, Charles; Harvey, Michael; Anthony, Barry. Baltimore, Maryland: Project Muse. pp. viii.
36:
409:
758:
706:
597:
305:
85:
117:, where the first Venezuelan-produced films would be shown the next year, with tickets costing 1
396:
125:
and 20 bolívares in the balcony. However, the
Kinetoscope Company had already presented the
118:
88:, whom Méndez employed at the time. Though Trujillo, a photographer, had connections to the
256:
Semprún Parra, Jesús Ángel; Hernández, Luis Guillermo (2018). Luis Perozo Cervantes (ed.).
84:
For many years records instead indicated that the Vitascope was introduced by contemporary
78:
8:
588:
230:
200:
378:"The Beginnings of Cinema in Venezuela: The arrival of Cinema in Venezuela (1896–1907)"
110:
424:
543:
533:
353:
343:
261:
195:
426:
La integración cinematográfica iberoamericana. La utopía al alcance de los cineastas
100:
479:"IRIBARREN Films: Érase una vez unos muchachos bañándose en la laguna de Maracaibo"
122:
312:(in Spanish). Vol. 10. Fundación Centro Nacional de Historia. pp. 40–45
155:
711:
114:
89:
547:
357:
773:
69:
126:
189:
557:
65:
716:
159:
74:
64:
In 1896, Méndez was tasked with bringing electricity to the state of
32:
136:
The first film produced specifically for the Vitascope was known as
40:
377:
44:
19:
was a Venezuelan businessman and film presenter from the state of
310:
Memorias de Venezuela / Origenes del Anticomunismo en Venezuela
151:
321:
20:
77:
across both Venezuela and neighboring Colombia. Méndez paid
340:
A million and one nights a history of the motion picture
432:(in Spanish) (73 ed.). Nueva Sociedad. p. 85
255:
771:
146:in the United States, where it was made, and as
450:
54:
337:
95:
573:
260:(in Spanish). Vol. 1. Sultana del Lago.
444:
455:(in Spanish). Consejo Legislativo del Zulia
371:
369:
367:
580:
566:
249:
231:"Los heroes del cine venezolano (Parte I)"
199:
422:
364:
99:
587:
772:
561:
527:
476:
303:
299:
297:
109:discovered in documentation found at
472:
470:
333:
331:
295:
293:
291:
289:
287:
285:
283:
281:
279:
277:
225:
223:
221:
148:Alegoría sobre la doctrina de Monroe
26:
453:"Historia de Manuel Trujillo Durán"
375:
113:in 1991. This show was held in the
13:
530:The Kinetoscope: a British History
505:"Día Nacional del Cine Venezolano"
304:Muñoz, Lionel, ed. (August 2009).
14:
791:
467:
382:Universidad Católica Andrés Bello
328:
274:
218:
59:
342:. London: F. Cass. p. 279.
521:
497:
306:"Inicios del cine en Venezuela"
182:
416:
237:(in Spanish). 10 November 2014
172:
1:
754:Bolivarian Revolution in film
258:Diccionario General del Zulia
211:
150:in Venezuela. The film was a
154:take on the auspices of the
55:Bringing cinema to Venezuela
7:
700:National Cinematography Law
423:Izaguirre, Rodolfo (1984).
96:Screenings and distribution
10:
796:
780:Venezuelan businesspeople
746:
725:
687:
604:
595:
707:Escuela Nacional de Cine
598:List of Venezuelan films
338:Ramsaye, Terry (1964) .
165:
528:Brown, Richard (2017).
142:or the alternate title
37:San Antonio del Táchira
404:Cite journal requires
105:
451:Zulia State Council.
103:
86:Manuel Trujillo Durán
68:, and took a trip to
589:Cinema of Venezuela
139:The Monroe Doctrine
235:ViceVersa Magazine
106:
17:Luis Manuel Méndez
767:
766:
376:Serrano, Arturo.
27:Electric business
787:
582:
575:
568:
559:
558:
552:
551:
525:
519:
518:
516:
515:
509:El Zuliano Rajao
501:
495:
494:
492:
490:
474:
465:
464:
462:
460:
448:
442:
441:
439:
437:
431:
420:
414:
413:
407:
402:
400:
392:
390:
388:
373:
362:
361:
335:
326:
325:
319:
317:
301:
272:
271:
253:
247:
246:
244:
242:
227:
205:
203:
186:
180:
176:
158:, and presented
43:(in present-day
795:
794:
790:
789:
788:
786:
785:
784:
770:
769:
768:
763:
742:
721:
683:
600:
591:
586:
556:
555:
540:
526:
522:
513:
511:
503:
502:
498:
488:
486:
483:IRIBARREN Films
475:
468:
458:
456:
449:
445:
435:
433:
429:
421:
417:
405:
403:
394:
393:
386:
384:
374:
365:
350:
336:
329:
315:
313:
302:
275:
268:
254:
250:
240:
238:
229:
228:
219:
214:
209:
208:
191:Monroe Doctrine
187:
183:
177:
173:
168:
156:Monroe Doctrine
98:
62:
57:
29:
12:
11:
5:
793:
783:
782:
765:
764:
762:
761:
756:
750:
748:
744:
743:
741:
740:
735:
729:
727:
723:
722:
720:
719:
714:
712:Villa del Cine
709:
704:
703:
702:
691:
689:
685:
684:
682:
681:
676:
671:
666:
661:
656:
651:
646:
641:
636:
631:
626:
621:
616:
610:
608:
602:
601:
596:
593:
592:
585:
584:
577:
570:
562:
554:
553:
538:
520:
496:
466:
443:
415:
406:|journal=
363:
348:
327:
273:
266:
248:
216:
215:
213:
210:
207:
206:
181:
170:
169:
167:
164:
144:Venezuela Case
115:Baralt Theatre
97:
94:
90:Edison Company
61:
60:Vitascope deal
58:
56:
53:
28:
25:
9:
6:
4:
3:
2:
792:
781:
778:
777:
775:
760:
757:
755:
752:
751:
749:
745:
739:
736:
734:
731:
730:
728:
724:
718:
715:
713:
710:
708:
705:
701:
698:
697:
696:
693:
692:
690:
688:Organizations
686:
680:
677:
675:
672:
670:
667:
665:
662:
660:
657:
655:
652:
650:
647:
645:
642:
640:
637:
635:
632:
630:
627:
625:
622:
620:
617:
615:
612:
611:
609:
607:
603:
599:
594:
590:
583:
578:
576:
571:
569:
564:
563:
560:
549:
545:
541:
539:9780861969319
535:
531:
524:
510:
506:
500:
484:
480:
473:
471:
454:
447:
428:
427:
419:
411:
398:
383:
379:
372:
370:
368:
359:
355:
351:
349:9780203042069
345:
341:
334:
332:
323:
311:
307:
300:
298:
296:
294:
292:
290:
288:
286:
284:
282:
280:
278:
269:
267:9781976873034
263:
259:
252:
236:
232:
226:
224:
222:
217:
202:
197:
193:
192:
185:
175:
171:
163:
161:
157:
153:
149:
145:
141:
140:
134:
130:
128:
124:
120:
116:
112:
102:
93:
91:
87:
82:
80:
76:
71:
70:New York City
67:
52:
50:
49:San Cristóbal
46:
42:
38:
34:
24:
22:
18:
759:LGBT+ cinema
529:
523:
512:. Retrieved
508:
499:
489:12 September
487:. Retrieved
485:(in Spanish)
482:
457:. Retrieved
446:
434:. Retrieved
425:
418:
397:cite journal
385:. Retrieved
339:
320:– via
316:14 September
314:. Retrieved
309:
257:
251:
241:14 September
239:. Retrieved
234:
190:
184:
174:
147:
143:
137:
135:
131:
107:
83:
63:
30:
16:
15:
477:Iribarren.
436:15 December
387:14 December
127:Kinetoscope
548:1005225000
514:2019-09-14
459:27 October
358:1086433556
212:References
726:Festivals
717:Gran Cine
160:Venezuela
152:satirical
75:Vitascope
33:Maracaibo
774:Category
45:Colombia
606:Decades
179:topics.
121:in the
119:bolívar
111:Harvard
66:Táchira
747:Topics
733:FilMar
546:
536:
356:
346:
264:
198:
123:stalls
47:) and
41:Cúcuta
430:(PDF)
322:Issuu
166:Notes
21:Zulia
738:ELCO
695:CNAC
679:2020
674:2010
669:2000
664:1990
659:1980
654:1970
649:1960
644:1950
639:1940
634:1930
629:1920
624:1910
619:1900
614:1890
544:OCLC
534:ISBN
491:2019
461:2017
438:2018
410:help
389:2018
354:OCLC
344:ISBN
318:2019
262:ISBN
243:2019
196:IMDb
188:See
194:at
776::
542:.
507:.
481:.
469:^
401::
399:}}
395:{{
380:.
366:^
352:.
330:^
308:.
276:^
233:.
220:^
79:$
39:,
35:,
23:.
581:e
574:t
567:v
550:.
517:.
493:.
463:.
440:.
412:)
408:(
391:.
360:.
324:.
270:.
245:.
204:.
Text is available under the Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike License. Additional terms may apply.
