455:
948:
829:
463:
1183:
2624:
3271:
870:
47:
1061:
1236:
as new rival king to
Charles but finally joined the Luxemburg party after Günther's early death in 1349 and divided the Wittelsbach possessions amongst themselves again. In continuance of the conflict of the House of Wittelsbach with the House of Luxemburg, the Wittelsbach family returned to power in
982:
which was an opportunity to gain full authority over Savoy, Provence, and its surrounding territories. Humbert was reluctant to take the crown due to the conflict that would follow with all around him, so he declined, telling the emperor that he should make peace with the church first.
1015:
in 1338 and was named Vicar-General of the Holy Roman Empire. However in 1341, the
Emperor deserted Edward III but came to terms with Philip VI only temporarily. For the expected English payments were missing and Louis intended to reach an agreement with the Pope one more time.
836:
As he did not manage to overcome
Leopold's obstinacy, Frederick returned to Munich as a prisoner, even though the Pope had released him from his oath. Louis, who was impressed by such nobility, renewed the old friendship with Frederick, and they agreed to rule the
1541:
1006:
in 1338 by six electors to the effect that election by all or the majority of the electors automatically conferred the royal title and rule over the empire, without papal confirmation. King Edward III was the
Emperor's guest at the
1035:
Louis concentrated his energies also on the economic development of the cities of the empire, so his name can be found in many city chronicles for the privileges he granted. In 1330 the emperor for example permitted the
1534:
1032:
and Russia, although the Order had only petitioned for three small territories. Later he forbade the Order to stand trial before foreign courts in their territorial conflicts with foreign rulers.
825:
of 13 March 1325. In this agreement, Frederick recognized Louis as legitimate ruler and undertook to return to captivity should he not succeed in convincing his brothers to submit to Louis.
1922:
771:- the customary site of coronations - by Archbishop Peter of Mainz, while the Archbishop of Cologne, who by custom had the right to crown the new king, crowned Frederick at
1791:
861:
in Italy. However, after
Leopold's death in 1326, Frederick withdrew from the regency of the Empire and returned to rule only Austria. He died on 13 January 1330.
1354:
2087:
940:
and stayed then in
Northern Italy. When his co-ruler Frederick of Habsburg died in 1330, Louis returned from Italy. In fulfillment of an oath, Louis founded
4862:
1190:
The acquisition of these territories and his restless foreign policy had earned Louis many enemies among the German princes. In the summer of 1346 the
2091:
1174:
of whom was the queen of
England, were ignored. Because of the dangerous hostility of the Luxemburgs, Louis had increased his power base ruthlessly.
3233:
623:. A civil war against his brother Rudolf due to new disputes on the partition of their lands was ended in 1313, when peace was made at Munich.
2042:
2660:
2369:
1002:. King Philip VI had prevented any agreement between the Emperor and the Pope. Thus, the failure of negotiations with the papacy led to the
1224:
But then Louis' sudden death avoided a longer civil war. Louis died in
October 1347 from a stroke suffered during a bear-hunt in Puch near
1915:
4015:
4812:
1257:
376:
2102:
2038:
1333:
782:
After several years of bloody war, victory finally seemed within the grasp of
Frederick, who was strongly supported by his brother
686:
to be too young, and by others to be already too powerful. One alternative was
Frederick the Fair, the son of Henry's predecessor,
4867:
4847:
1132:
1093:
776:
2049:
1784:
4822:
4817:
4842:
4797:
1898:
1750:
1723:
1597:
1510:
17:
4552:
3795:
3226:
748:, five different electors convened at Frankfurt and elected Louis as King. These electors were Archbishop Peter himself,
710:
4262:
1624:
740:
The Luxembourg party did not accept this election and the next day a second election was held. Upon the instigation of
726:
3971:
3023:
3003:
2983:
2653:
2569:
2549:
2529:
2362:
2308:
2278:
2270:
1836:
1696:
1269:
1008:
967:, who were all on bad terms with the Pope as well, joined Emperor Louis in Italy and accompanied him to his court at
714:
627:
510:
70:
4773:
4560:
3931:
3028:
3018:
2988:
2875:
2564:
2534:
2504:
1671:
Ludwig IV. der Baier und Friedrich von Oesterreich von dem vertrage zu Trausnitz bis zur zusammenkunft in Innsbruck
1380:
1322:
569:
344:
4612:
3891:
3542:
3219:
3048:
2998:
2840:
2589:
2544:
2484:
1144:
783:
634:. Originally, he was a friend of Frederick, with whom he had been raised. However, armed conflict arose when the
4502:
4008:
3955:
3462:
3106:
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3063:
3043:
2944:
2609:
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2584:
2519:
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643:
207:
160:
113:
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4214:
3979:
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3195:
3121:
3058:
3053:
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3008:
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2973:
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2806:
2801:
2599:
2594:
2574:
2554:
2539:
2524:
2509:
2469:
2464:
2292:
877:
After the reconciliation with the Habsburgs in 1326, Louis marched to Italy and was crowned King of Italy in
671:
662:. This victory caused a stir within the Holy Roman Empire and increased the reputation of the Bavarian Duke.
197:
150:
103:
1769:
Die Auseinandersetzung zwischen Ludwig IV. dem Bayer und Friedrich dem Schönen von Oesterreich im Jahre 1325
4660:
4628:
4350:
4318:
4278:
4166:
3915:
3867:
3843:
3827:
3038:
3013:
2860:
2811:
2796:
2791:
2646:
2627:
2579:
2559:
2494:
2474:
2459:
2454:
2355:
2246:
2063:
1464:
687:
654:, the former King of Hungary, had chosen Louis. On 9 November 1313, Frederick was defeated by Louis in the
4740:
4692:
4676:
4604:
4569:
4446:
3923:
3883:
3819:
2870:
2835:
2786:
2499:
2479:
2449:
2282:
2226:
2190:
2182:
1311:
386:
261:
253:
1946:
1614:
4837:
4832:
4765:
4732:
4708:
4684:
4668:
4644:
4596:
4578:
4510:
4462:
4454:
4326:
4302:
4270:
3162:
3078:
2961:
2236:
1416:
1218:
1113:
1089:
1069:
974:
In 1333, Emperor Louis sought to counter French influence in the southwest of the empire so he offered
639:
631:
541:
396:
2950:
1997:
Blockmans, W.P. (2015). "The Formation of a Political Union". In Blom, J. C. H.; Lamberts, E. (eds.).
1233:
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4390:
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4310:
4254:
4238:
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4045:
4024:
4001:
3190:
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3152:
2919:
2208:
2186:
2178:
1432:
1343:
1073:
979:
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651:
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604:
585:
537:
454:
436:
401:
391:
249:
239:
220:
1848:
Bernd Schneidmüller (2013). "KAISER LUDWIG IV. Imperiale Herrschaft und reichsfürstlicher Konsens".
4748:
4700:
4652:
4543:
4430:
4422:
4382:
4374:
4358:
4286:
4246:
3130:
2956:
2194:
1916:"König Ludwig IV. belehnt seinen Sohn Ludwig mit der Mark Brandenburgund befiehlt, ihm zu huldigen"
1393:
1278:
947:
381:
1419:(12 May 1330 – 15 April 1389), as William I duke of Lower Bavaria, as William III count of Hainaut
1209:
and successfully resisted Charles, who was widely regarded as a papal puppet ("rex clericorum" as
4724:
4636:
4534:
4518:
4406:
4342:
4222:
4040:
3356:
2751:
2669:
2198:
2161:
2053:
1438:
1374:
1128:
933:
757:
411:
809:) for three years, but the determined resistance by Frederick's brother Leopold, the retreat of
4150:
4094:
3730:
3111:
2880:
2059:
2025:
A House Divided: Wittelsbach Confessional Court Cultures in the Holy Roman Empire, c. 1550-1650
1422:
1295:
1167:
1081:
975:
929:
525:
in 1322, and the two eventually reconciled. Louis was opposed and excommunicated by the French
521:
was simultaneously elected king by a separate set of electors. Louis defeated Frederick in the
1713:
319:
4126:
4078:
3899:
2897:
2845:
2817:
2215:
2168:
2116:
1740:
1117:
1003:
987:
885:, which was together with France the strongest ally of the papacy. But now the Lord of Milan
828:
806:
749:
706:
655:
533:
1884:
1640:
787:
775:. In the following conflict between the kings, Louis recognized in 1316 the independence of
522:
4807:
4802:
4110:
4086:
3907:
3774:
3143:
3097:
2978:
2908:
2885:
2855:
2489:
2132:
1347:
1171:
1147:
and marrying her to his own son Louis V, thus alienating the House of Luxemburg even more.
1135:, a member of the Luxemburg dynasty, had to return to Bohemia. In 1342 Louis also acquired
1085:
1037:
846:
616:
593:
545:
426:
8:
4478:
4182:
4134:
4118:
3760:
3725:
3694:
3659:
3643:
3587:
3287:
3279:
2924:
2914:
2902:
2740:
2711:
2696:
2682:
2439:
2429:
2070:
1444:
1250:
1229:
1191:
1140:
991:
928:, who soon left Rome and a few years later submitted to Pope John XXII. In the meantime,
925:
886:
822:
745:
695:
589:
552:
in 1340. He was the last Bavarian to be a king of Germany until 1742. He became Count of
446:
406:
269:
52:
1669:
1225:
302:
4142:
4050:
3875:
3708:
2939:
2830:
2767:
2731:
2419:
2378:
2337:
1865:
1448:
1291:
1202:
964:
921:
881:
in 1327. Already in 1323, Louis had sent an army to Italy to protect Milan against the
858:
854:
734:
679:
518:
504:
496:
462:
257:
167:
60:
3211:
1435:(25 Jul 1336 – 13 December 1404), duke of Lower Bavaria, count of Hainaut and Holland.
1214:
4190:
4102:
4065:
3801:
3782:
3627:
3380:
2772:
2701:
2404:
2011:
1894:
1890:
1832:
1746:
1719:
1692:
1620:
1593:
1506:
1238:
1210:
1151:
1131:
in 1340 Louis inherited Lower Bavaria and then reunited the duchy of Bavaria. John's
1101:
1084:
in 1329 the emperor reconciled the sons of his late brother Rudolph and returned the
960:
956:
882:
838:
718:
691:
561:
557:
553:
514:
368:
265:
4334:
4174:
4055:
4035:
3716:
3635:
3611:
2967:
2865:
2745:
2691:
2424:
2409:
2261:
2257:
2253:
1857:
1097:
1077:
1045:
1025:
909:
795:
767:
This double election was quickly followed by two coronations: Louis was crowned at
730:
31:
4198:
3835:
3744:
3667:
3651:
2824:
2716:
2706:
2434:
2414:
2394:
2299:
1767:
1686:
1587:
1500:
1198:
1121:
1049:
897:
810:
753:
741:
675:
549:
214:
64:
4398:
4060:
3811:
3603:
2850:
2781:
2757:
2444:
1441:(1340/42 – 15/16 November 1379), duke of Upper Bavaria, elector of Brandenburg.
1397:
1028:. In 1337 he allegedly bestowed upon the Teutonic Order a privilege to conquer
842:
814:
699:
683:
665:
635:
526:
488:
1408:
971:
in Munich which became the first imperial residence of the Holy Roman Empire.
864:
4791:
4414:
4158:
3752:
3242:
3181:
2326:
1616:
The Oxford Encyclopedia of Medieval Warfare and Military Technology, Volume 1
1315:
1182:
818:
620:
608:
500:
120:
853:
on 7 January 1326, according to which Frederick would administer Germany as
2726:
2677:
1286:
1136:
995:
1383:(7 May 1328 – 17 May 1365), duke of Upper Bavaria, elector of Brandenburg.
3689:
3595:
2891:
2389:
1861:
1370:
1282:
941:
904:. Three months later, Louis published a decree declaring Pope John XXII (
2096:
Deed by Emperor Louis the Bavarian for the Hospital of the Holy Spirit (
1869:
3574:
3550:
3526:
3200:
1281:(July 1315 – 17/18 September 1361), duke of Upper Bavaria, margrave of
917:
529:; Louis in turn attempted to depose the pope and install an anti-pope.
86:
2638:
2347:
2039:
Charter given by Louis to the Hospital of the Holy Spirit in Nuremberg
1221:
was killed; Charles himself also took part in the battle but escaped.
1150:
In 1345 the emperor further antagonized the lay princes by conferring
869:
46:
3769:
3619:
3518:
3478:
3454:
3438:
3303:
3295:
3270:
2399:
1387:
1265:
1163:
1029:
968:
802:
764:, who contested Rudolph of Wittenberg's claim to the electoral vote.
674:
in August 1313 necessitated the election of a successor. Henry's son
565:
30:
For the 9th-century German ruler also called Louis the Bavarian, see
1261:
1041:
626:
In the same year, on November 9, Louis defeated his Habsburg cousin
4206:
3993:
3739:
3703:
3534:
3510:
3502:
3486:
3470:
3446:
3406:
3087:
1213:
called him). Also the Habsburg dukes stayed loyal to Louis. In the
1012:
702:
settled on Louis as its candidate to prevent Frederick's election.
659:
612:
2001:. Translated by Kennedy, James C. Berghahn Books. pp. 55–142.
3566:
3558:
3430:
3422:
3414:
3398:
3390:
3319:
3311:
3257:
1326:
1159:
1155:
999:
791:
421:
2015:
889:
was deposed since he was suspected of conspiring with the pope.
619:, he quarreled with the Habsburgs from 1307 over possessions in
4574:(1347–1349; Lower: 1349–1353; Landshut: 1353–1375; Upper: 1363)
3494:
3364:
3335:
3327:
1426:
1401:
1206:
913:
768:
600:
581:
285:
92:
1535:"Ludwig der Bayer (1314 –1347) Reich und Herrschaft im Wandel"
3372:
1060:
932:
had sent both a fleet and an army against Louis and his ally
878:
588:, Duke of Upper Bavaria and Count Palatine of the Rhine, and
139:
2075:
Repertorium "Historical Sources of the German Middle Ages" (
1785:"Wir sind Kaiser - Ludwig IV. zwischen Gott und den Fürsten"
666:
Election as German King and conflict with Frederick the Fair
3343:
1886:
Die Wittelsbacher: Staat und Dynastie in acht Jahrhunderten
1340:
1109:
1105:
937:
893:
865:
Coronation as Holy Roman Emperor and conflict with the Pope
786:. However, Frederick's army was decisively defeated in the
772:
186:
850:
821:
Louis in 1324, induced Louis to release Frederick in the
1966:
1447:(1344 – 25 December 1359), married bef. 25 October 1356
794:
Heath, where Frederick and 1300 nobles from Austria and
650:) was entrusted to Frederick, even though the late Duke
3241:
1954:
1566:
1564:
1562:
725:, who objected to the election of his younger brother,
575:
2010:. Princeton, New Jersey: Princeton University Press.
1139:
for the Wittelsbach by voiding the first marriage of
1809:
1559:
896:
and had himself crowned emperor by the aged senator
4744:(Munich: 1460–1508; Landshut: 1503–1508; 1508–1550)
4592:(1347–1349; Lower: 1349–1353; Straubing: 1353–1404)
4583:(1347–1349; Lower: 1349–1353; Straubing: 1353–1388)
1847:
1667:
1275:
Daughter (end September 1314 – died shortly after).
4539:(1347–1349; Upper: 1349–1351; Landshut: 1373–1379)
1882:
1663:
1661:
536:from 1294 to 1301 together with his elder brother
951:Edward III becomes Vicar to the Emperor Louis IV.
4789:
1619:. Oxford: Oxford University Press. p. 190.
1467:. He was related to every other king of Germany.
458:Arms of the House of Wittelsbach (14th-century).
2060:Works by and about Louis IV, Holy Roman Emperor
1876:
1782:
1765:
1658:
1411:(died 1388 in the Battle of Döffingen) in 1362.
1201:. Louis himself obtained much support from the
1170:. The hereditary titles of Margaret's sisters,
737:. These four electors chose Frederick as King.
2107:Photograph Archive of Old Original Documents (
1048:, received the coinage prerogative for golden
4009:
3227:
2654:
2363:
1718:. Cambridge University Press. pp. 189–.
1585:
1498:
4863:People excommunicated by the Catholic Church
4688:(Landshut: 1393–1450; Ingolstadt: 1447–1450)
2108:
2078:Geschichtsquellen des deutschen Mittelalters
2076:
1711:
1589:Ludwig IV. (1282-1347) und das "Licet iuris"
1581:
1579:
1532:
1494:
1492:
1490:
1488:
1486:
1484:
1482:
1480:
1197:was elected rival king, with the support of
482:
1759:
1688:Magill's Guide to Military History: Cor-Jan
1684:
1502:Ludwig IV. der Bayer: Herzog, König, Kaiser
4016:
4002:
3234:
3220:
2661:
2647:
2370:
2356:
1913:
1738:
1177:
477:; 1 April 1282 – 11 October 1347), called
45:
4640:(Munich: 1397–1438; Straubing: 1429–1438)
4632:(Munich: 1397–1435; Straubing: 1429–1435)
1996:
1987:
1972:
1960:
1948:Mumie Anna - Die Rettung einer Prinzessin
1831:. Greenhill Books. London, 2003, p. 136.
1732:
1705:
1678:
1576:
1540:. Heinrich-Heine-Universität Düsseldorf.
1477:
994:of France, the protector of the new Pope
2110:Lichtbildarchiv älterer Originalurkunden
1829:The Teutonic Knights: A Military History
1321:In 1324, Louis married his second wife,
1237:the Holy Roman Empire in 1400 with King
1181:
1059:
946:
868:
827:
461:
453:
2668:
2377:
1883:Ludwig Holzfurtner (30 November 2005).
1745:. Charles River Editors. pp. 16–.
1232:in Munich. The sons of Louis supported
1124:was first placed into Luxemburg hands.
638:over the young Dukes of Lower Bavaria (
466:Arms of Louis IV as Holy Roman Emperor.
334: 1308; died 1322)
14:
4790:
4712:(Munich: 1460–1467; Dachau: 1467–1501)
2022:
1612:
1570:
1249:In 1308 Louis married his first wife,
1244:
1186:Ludwig IV's tomb, Frauenkirche, Munich
1019:
733:, whom the Luxembourgs had deposed as
3997:
3215:
2642:
2351:
1850:Zeitschrift für Historische Forschung
1528:
1526:
1524:
1522:
1314:(autumn 1319 – 19 May 1375), duke of
845:strongly objected to this agreement,
4023:
1921:. Historische Kommission zu Berlin.
1076:after the Brandenburg branch of the
936:. Louis spent the winter 1328/29 in
756:- both of the House of Luxembourg -
721:. Participants were Louis' brother,
603:and became co-regent of his brother
599:Though Louis was partly educated in
576:Early reign as Duke of Upper Bavaria
27:Holy Roman Emperor from 1328 to 1347
2005:
1815:
1586:Daniel Daimer (21 September 2004).
1429:, 1335 – 11 November 1352, Munich).
873:Seals of Louis IV (Otto Posse 1909)
682:since 1310, was considered by many
507:from 1328 until his death in 1347.
24:
4664:(1375–1392; Ingolstadt: 1392–1413)
2050:Literature by and about Ludwig IV.
2041:taken from the collections of the
1674:. Druck von Pontt & v. Döhren.
1519:
1329:(1308-1356). Their children were:
1260:(aft. 21 June 1313 – 2 July 1346,
1253:(1290-1322). Their children were:
1055:
857:, while Louis would be crowned as
513:in 1314 was controversial, as his
511:Louis' election as king of Germany
25:
4879:
2032:
1386:Elisabeth (1329 – 2 August 1402,
1294:(c. July 1317 – 29 January 1319,
1270:Frederick II, Margrave of Meissen
727:Duke Rudolph I of Saxe-Wittenberg
81:20 October 1314 – 11 October 1347
4813:14th-century Holy Roman Emperors
4648:(1375–1392; Landshut: 1392–1393)
3269:
2623:
2622:
2088:Veröffentlichungen zu Ludwig IV.
1323:Margaret II, Countess of Hainaut
1241:, a great-grandnephew of Louis.
1024:Louis IV was a protector of the
916:. He then installed a Spiritual
841:jointly. Since the Pope and the
813:from his alliance, and a ban by
801:Louis held Frederick captive in
758:Margrave Waldemar of Brandenburg
670:The death of Holy Roman Emperor
611:in 1301 with the support of his
345:Margaret II, Countess of Holland
1940:
1928:from the original on 2022-10-09
1907:
1841:
1821:
1797:from the original on 2022-10-09
1776:
1547:from the original on 2022-10-09
1072:as a fiefdom to his eldest son
1044:, as the leading member of the
986:Emperor Louis also allied with
892:In January 1328, Louis entered
356:
331:
4868:Burials at Munich Frauenkirche
4848:Prince-electors of Brandenburg
4736:(Munich: 1465–1505; 1505–1508)
4656:(1375–1392; Munich: 1392–1397)
1990:A History of the Low Countries
1633:
1606:
707:Archbishop Henry II of Cologne
630:who was further aided by duke
377:Matilda, Margravine of Meissen
13:
1:
4823:14th-century dukes of Bavaria
4818:13th-century dukes of Bavaria
4548:(1347–1349; Upper: 1349–1361)
4530:(Upper: 1301–1340; 1340–1347)
4442:(1253–1255; Upper: 1255–1294)
1712:S. C. Rowell (6 March 2014).
1499:Martin Clauss (22 May 2014).
1471:
1363:
1302:
615:mother and her brother, King
130:31 May 1327 – 11 October 1347
4843:Counts Palatine of the Rhine
4798:Louis IV, Holy Roman Emperor
2064:Deutsche Digitale Bibliothek
1999:History of the Low Countries
1739:Hans Prutz (22 March 2018).
1691:. Salem Press. p. 588.
1668:Walter Friedensburg (1877).
1613:Rogers, Clifford J. (2010).
1465:Kings of Germany family tree
1454:Louis (October 1347 – 1348).
1104:was released as an imperial
832:Golden Bull of Louis IV 1328
790:on 28 September 1322 on the
7:
4661:Stephen III the Magnificent
2227:Count Palatine of the Rhine
1505:. Verlag Friedrich Pustet.
1458:
1346:(d. 1354), son of the King
1064:Gold Gulden of Lübeck, 1341
990:of England in 1337 against
902:captain of the Roman people
779:from the Habsburg dynasty.
750:Archbishop Baldwin of Trier
723:Rudolph I of the Palatinate
546:Count Palatine of the Rhine
387:Stephen II, Duke of Bavaria
10:
4884:
4495:Henry XV the Natternberger
4482:(Upper: Regent: 1294–1302)
3163:North German Confederation
3079:Confederation of the Rhine
2311:as rival and then co-ruler
2023:Thomas, Andrew L. (2010).
1742:The Age of the Renaissance
1114:Albert II, Duke of Austria
397:William I, Duke of Bavaria
29:
4544:Louis V the Brandenburger
4074:
4031:
3794:
3679:
3586:
3355:
3278:
3267:
3250:
3180:
3161:
3142:
3120:
3096:
3077:
2766:
2725:
2676:
2618:
2385:
2335:
2324:
2314:
2297:
2289:
2275:
2251:
2243:
2233:
2224:
2213:
2205:
2175:
2166:
2158:
2153:
2126:
1344:Stephen, Duke of Slavonia
762:John II of Saxe-Lauenburg
711:assembly of four electors
572:inherited those domains.
442:
437:Louis II, Duke of Bavaria
432:
420:
407:Beatrice, Queen of Sweden
402:Albert I, Duke of Bavaria
392:Louis VI, Duke of Bavaria
367:
308:
291:
279:
275:
245:
235:
227:
213:
203:
193:
181:
173:
166:
156:
146:
134:
126:
119:
109:
99:
85:
77:
59:
44:
39:
4758:Albert V the Magnanimous
4741:William IV the Steadfast
4677:Louis VIII the Hunchback
4255:Henry II the Quarrelsome
3682:(title disputed 887–933)
3131:Archduke John of Austria
2071:"Ludovicus IV Imperator"
2066:(German Digital Library)
2008:The Green Count of Savoy
1992:. Bloomsbury Publishing.
1988:Arblaster, Paul (2018).
1981:
1766:Richard Doebner (1875).
1645:Encyclopaedia Britannica
1394:Cangrande II della Scala
1336:(1325 – 1374), married:
1279:Louis V, Duke of Bavaria
1112:to his Habsburg cousins
912:, deposed on grounds of
658:and had to renounce the
382:Louis V, Duke of Bavaria
4680:(Ingolstadt: 1443–1445)
4672:(Ingolstadt: 1413–1443)
2054:German National Library
2006:Cox, Eugene L. (1967).
1641:"John, King of Bohemia"
1375:John I of Lower Bavaria
1234:Günther von Schwarzburg
1178:Conflict with Luxemburg
1127:With the death of duke
1080:had died out. With the
1011:in the Kastorkirche at
955:Franciscan theologians
694:. In reaction, the pro-
548:until 1329, and became
542:Margrave of Brandenburg
412:Otto V, Duke of Bavaria
4624:(Straubing: 1417-1425)
4616:(Straubing: 1417-1429)
4608:(Straubing: 1404–1417)
4600:(Straubing: 1389–1397)
4346:(1070–1077, 1096–1101)
4322:(1053–1054, 1055–1061)
4290:(1004–1009, 1017–1026)
2309:Frederick the Handsome
2109:
2077:
1308:– died shortly after).
1228:. He is buried in the
1187:
1168:Margaret II of Hainaut
1065:
976:Humbert II of Viennois
963:, and the philosopher
952:
934:Frederick II of Sicily
930:Robert, King of Naples
874:
833:
492:
483:
474:
467:
459:
231:1301 – 11 October 1347
177:1328 – 11 October 1347
71:Frederick the Handsome
4728:(Landshut: 1479–1503)
4720:(Landshut: 1450–1479)
4669:Louis VII the Bearded
4621:John III the Pitiless
4282:(995–1004, 1009–1017)
4271:Henry III the Younger
4191:Louis III the Younger
2216:Duke of Upper Bavaria
2169:Duke of Lower Bavaria
2117:University of Marburg
1856:(3). JSTOR: 369–392.
1783:Bernd Schneidmüller.
1355:Gerlach von Hohenlohe
1185:
1145:John Henry of Bohemia
1118:Otto, Duke of Austria
1096:. After the death of
1063:
1004:declaration at Rhense
950:
872:
831:
656:Battle of Gammelsdorf
592:, a daughter of King
550:Duke of Lower Bavaria
534:Duke of Upper Bavaria
465:
457:
18:Louis IV the Bavarian
4858:Nobility from Munich
4853:House of Wittelsbach
4828:14th-century regents
4645:Frederick I the Wise
4431:Otto the Illustrious
4391:Henry XI Jasomirgott
3892:Lothair III (or II)
3245:between 476 and 1556
3144:German Confederation
3098:German Confederation
2133:House of Wittelsbach
1862:10.3790/zhf.40.3.369
1685:John Powell (2001).
1417:William V of Holland
1404:on 22 November 1350;
1348:Charles I of Hungary
1203:Imperial Free Cities
1038:Frankfurt Trade Fair
705:On 19 October 1314,
4766:William V the Pious
4704:(Munich: 1460–1463)
4696:(Munich: 1438–1460)
4439:Louis II the Strict
4418:(Regent: 1183–1191)
4218:(Margrave: 895–907)
4210:(Margrave: 890–895)
4175:Louis II the German
2683:Carolingian dynasty
2670:Monarchs of Germany
2379:Holy Roman emperors
2103:"digitalised image"
2098:Heilig-Geist-Spital
1715:Lithuania Ascending
1439:Otto V the Bavarian
1433:Albert I of Holland
1251:Beatrice of Silesia
1245:Family and children
1141:Margarete Maultasch
1068:In 1323 Louis gave
1020:Imperial privileges
887:Galeazzo I Visconti
823:Treaty of Trausnitz
746:Archbishop of Mainz
447:Matilda of Habsburg
320:Beatrix of Świdnica
53:Munich Frauenkirche
4733:Albert IV the Wise
4685:Henry XVI the Rich
4556:(Upper: 1361–1363)
4522:(Lower: 1339–1340)
4514:(Lower: 1310–1339)
4506:(Lower: 1310–1334)
4498:(Lower: 1312–1333)
4490:(Upper: 1294–1317)
4474:(Lower: 1290–1312)
4466:(Lower: 1290–1310)
4458:(Lower: 1290–1296)
4450:(Lower: 1253–1290)
4399:Henry XII the Lion
4367:Henry IX the Black
4258:(955–976, 985–995)
4051:Bavaria-Ingolstadt
2768:Kingdom of Germany
2732:Kingdom of Germany
2338:Holy Roman Emperor
2128:Louis the Bavarian
1790:. Uni Heidelberg.
1533:Hubertus Seibert.
1449:Eric XII of Sweden
1381:Louis VI the Roman
1188:
1066:
965:Marsilius of Padua
953:
944:on 28 April 1330.
922:Pietro Rainalducci
908:), who resided in
875:
859:Holy Roman Emperor
855:King of the Romans
834:
788:Battle of Mühldorf
731:Henry of Carinthia
628:Frederick the Fair
580:Louis was born in
523:Battle of Mühldorf
519:Frederick the Fair
505:Holy Roman Emperor
497:King of the Romans
468:
460:
168:Holy Roman Emperor
91:25 November 1314 (
61:King of the Romans
4838:Counts of Holland
4833:Counts of Hainaut
4785:
4784:
4725:George I the Rich
4717:Louis IX the Rich
4066:Bavaria-Straubing
3991:
3990:
3802:Holy Roman Empire
3209:
3208:
3135:
3134:(Imperial Regent)
2773:Holy Roman Empire
2702:Louis the Younger
2636:
2635:
2346:
2345:
2315:Succeeded by
2276:Succeeded by
2234:Succeeded by
2176:Succeeded by
1900:978-3-17-023234-1
1891:Kohlhammer Verlag
1752:978-1-5312-4075-2
1725:978-1-107-65876-9
1599:978-3-638-30839-7
1512:978-3-7917-6013-1
1239:Rupert of Germany
1219:John of Luxemburg
1211:William of Ockham
1108:on 2 May 1335 in
961:William of Ockham
957:Michael of Cesena
883:Kingdom of Naples
692:House of Habsburg
570:his wife Margaret
493:Ludovicus Bavarus
452:
451:
223:
185:17 January 1328 (
73:
16:(Redirected from
4875:
4519:John I the Child
4407:Otto the Redhead
4335:Otto of Nordheim
4056:Bavaria-Landshut
4036:Duchy of Bavaria
4025:Dukes of Bavaria
4018:
4011:
4004:
3995:
3994:
3983:
3975:
3967:
3959:
3951:
3943:
3935:
3927:
3919:
3911:
3903:
3895:
3887:
3879:
3871:
3863:
3855:
3847:
3839:
3831:
3823:
3815:
3796:Kingdom of Italy
3786:
3778:
3764:
3756:
3748:
3734:
3720:
3712:
3698:
3671:
3663:
3655:
3647:
3639:
3631:
3623:
3615:
3607:
3599:
3578:
3570:
3562:
3554:
3546:
3538:
3530:
3522:
3514:
3506:
3498:
3490:
3482:
3474:
3466:
3458:
3450:
3442:
3434:
3426:
3418:
3410:
3402:
3394:
3386:
3376:
3368:
3347:
3339:
3331:
3323:
3315:
3307:
3299:
3291:
3273:
3261:
3236:
3229:
3222:
3213:
3212:
3133:
2692:Louis the German
2663:
2656:
2649:
2640:
2639:
2626:
2625:
2372:
2365:
2358:
2349:
2348:
2290:Preceded by
2254:Count of Hainaut
2247:William the Bold
2244:Preceded by
2206:Preceded by
2159:Preceded by
2149:
2142:
2124:
2123:
2120:
2112:
2100:) in Nuremberg,
2084:
2080:
2028:
2019:
2002:
1993:
1976:
1970:
1964:
1958:
1952:
1944:
1938:
1937:
1935:
1933:
1927:
1920:
1914:Michael Menzel.
1911:
1905:
1904:
1893:. pp. 81–.
1880:
1874:
1873:
1845:
1839:
1827:Urban, William.
1825:
1819:
1818:, p. 25-27.
1813:
1807:
1806:
1804:
1802:
1796:
1789:
1780:
1774:
1773:
1763:
1757:
1756:
1736:
1730:
1729:
1709:
1703:
1702:
1682:
1676:
1675:
1665:
1656:
1655:
1653:
1651:
1637:
1631:
1630:
1610:
1604:
1603:
1583:
1574:
1568:
1557:
1556:
1554:
1552:
1546:
1539:
1530:
1517:
1516:
1496:
1407:Count Ulrich of
1368:
1365:
1307:
1304:
1226:Fürstenfeldbruck
1217:Charles' father
1098:Henry of Bohemia
1078:House of Ascania
1046:Hanseatic League
1026:Teutonic Knights
980:Kingdom of Arles
698:party among the
544:until 1323, and
486:
484:Ludwig der Bayer
360:
358:
335:
333:
303:Fürstenfeldbruck
298:
219:until 1317 with
218:
69:until 1330 with
68:
49:
37:
36:
32:Louis the German
21:
4883:
4882:
4878:
4877:
4876:
4874:
4873:
4872:
4788:
4787:
4786:
4781:
4202:(King: 882–887)
4199:Charles the Fat
4194:(King: 880–882)
4186:(King: 876–880)
4178:(King: 817–843)
4070:
4027:
4022:
3992:
3987:
3981:
3973:
3965:
3957:
3949:
3941:
3933:
3925:
3917:
3909:
3901:
3893:
3885:
3877:
3869:
3861:
3853:
3845:
3837:
3829:
3821:
3813:
3804:
3799:
3790:
3784:
3776:
3762:
3754:
3746:
3732:
3718:
3710:
3696:
3681:
3675:
3669:
3661:
3653:
3645:
3637:
3629:
3621:
3613:
3605:
3597:
3582:
3576:
3568:
3560:
3552:
3544:
3536:
3528:
3520:
3512:
3504:
3496:
3488:
3480:
3472:
3464:
3456:
3448:
3440:
3432:
3424:
3416:
3408:
3400:
3392:
3384:
3374:
3366:
3351:
3345:
3337:
3329:
3321:
3313:
3305:
3297:
3289:
3274:
3265:
3259:
3246:
3240:
3210:
3205:
3176:
3157:
3138:
3116:
3092:
3073:
2940:Frederick (III)
2771:
2762:
2730:
2721:
2717:Louis the Child
2707:Charles the Fat
2681:
2672:
2667:
2637:
2632:
2614:
2381:
2376:
2341:
2330:
2320:
2305:
2303:
2300:King of Germany
2295:
2285:
2283:William the Mad
2281:
2267:
2265:
2249:
2239:
2230:
2219:
2211:
2201:
2197:
2193:
2189:
2185:
2181:
2172:
2164:
2143:
2137:
2136:
2129:
2101:
2092:Regesta Imperii
2069:
2035:
1984:
1979:
1971:
1967:
1959:
1955:
1945:
1941:
1931:
1929:
1925:
1918:
1912:
1908:
1901:
1881:
1877:
1846:
1842:
1826:
1822:
1814:
1810:
1800:
1798:
1794:
1787:
1781:
1777:
1764:
1760:
1753:
1737:
1733:
1726:
1710:
1706:
1699:
1683:
1679:
1666:
1659:
1649:
1647:
1639:
1638:
1634:
1627:
1611:
1607:
1600:
1592:. GRIN Verlag.
1584:
1577:
1569:
1560:
1550:
1548:
1544:
1537:
1531:
1520:
1513:
1497:
1478:
1474:
1461:
1369:– 3 June 1361,
1366:
1305:
1247:
1215:Battle of Crécy
1199:Pope Clement VI
1180:
1166:upon his wife,
1100:, the duchy of
1088:to his nephews
1082:Treaty of Pavia
1058:
1056:Dynastic policy
1022:
988:King Edward III
898:Sciarra Colonna
867:
811:John of Bohemia
798:were captured.
754:John of Bohemia
742:Peter of Aspelt
735:King of Bohemia
700:prince electors
684:prince-electors
668:
578:
503:from 1327, and
416:
363:
362:
359: 1324)
354:
350:
347:
337:
329:
325:
322:
300:
296:
295:11 October 1347
284:
217:
215:Duke of Bavaria
67:
65:King of Germany
63:
55:
51:Tomb effigy at
35:
28:
23:
22:
15:
12:
11:
5:
4881:
4871:
4870:
4865:
4860:
4855:
4850:
4845:
4840:
4835:
4830:
4825:
4820:
4815:
4810:
4805:
4800:
4783:
4782:
4780:
4779:
4771:
4763:
4755:
4746:
4738:
4730:
4722:
4714:
4706:
4698:
4690:
4682:
4674:
4666:
4658:
4650:
4642:
4634:
4626:
4618:
4610:
4602:
4594:
4585:
4576:
4567:
4558:
4550:
4541:
4532:
4524:
4516:
4508:
4500:
4492:
4484:
4476:
4468:
4460:
4452:
4444:
4436:
4428:
4420:
4412:
4404:
4396:
4388:
4380:
4372:
4364:
4356:
4348:
4340:
4332:
4324:
4316:
4308:
4300:
4292:
4284:
4276:
4268:
4260:
4252:
4244:
4236:
4228:
4220:
4212:
4204:
4196:
4188:
4180:
4172:
4164:
4156:
4148:
4140:
4132:
4124:
4116:
4108:
4100:
4092:
4084:
4075:
4072:
4071:
4069:
4068:
4063:
4061:Bavaria-Munich
4058:
4053:
4048:
4043:
4038:
4032:
4029:
4028:
4021:
4020:
4013:
4006:
3998:
3989:
3988:
3986:
3985:
3977:
3972:Frederick III
3969:
3961:
3953:
3945:
3937:
3929:
3921:
3913:
3905:
3897:
3889:
3881:
3873:
3865:
3857:
3849:
3841:
3833:
3825:
3817:
3808:
3806:
3792:
3791:
3789:
3788:
3780:
3766:
3758:
3750:
3736:
3722:
3714:
3700:
3685:
3683:
3677:
3676:
3674:
3673:
3665:
3657:
3649:
3641:
3633:
3625:
3617:
3609:
3601:
3592:
3590:
3584:
3583:
3581:
3580:
3572:
3564:
3556:
3548:
3540:
3532:
3524:
3516:
3508:
3500:
3492:
3484:
3476:
3468:
3460:
3452:
3444:
3436:
3428:
3420:
3412:
3404:
3396:
3388:
3378:
3370:
3361:
3359:
3353:
3352:
3350:
3349:
3341:
3333:
3325:
3317:
3309:
3301:
3293:
3284:
3282:
3276:
3275:
3268:
3266:
3264:
3263:
3254:
3252:
3248:
3247:
3243:Kings of Italy
3239:
3238:
3231:
3224:
3216:
3207:
3206:
3204:
3203:
3198:
3193:
3187:
3185:
3178:
3177:
3175:
3174:
3168:
3166:
3159:
3158:
3156:
3155:
3153:Franz Joseph I
3149:
3147:
3140:
3139:
3137:
3136:
3127:
3125:
3118:
3117:
3115:
3114:
3109:
3103:
3101:
3094:
3093:
3091:
3090:
3084:
3082:
3075:
3074:
3072:
3071:
3066:
3061:
3056:
3051:
3046:
3041:
3036:
3031:
3026:
3021:
3016:
3011:
3006:
3001:
2996:
2991:
2986:
2981:
2976:
2971:
2964:
2959:
2954:
2947:
2942:
2937:
2932:
2927:
2922:
2917:
2912:
2905:
2900:
2895:
2888:
2883:
2878:
2873:
2868:
2863:
2858:
2853:
2848:
2843:
2841:Lothair II/III
2838:
2833:
2828:
2821:
2814:
2809:
2804:
2799:
2794:
2789:
2784:
2778:
2776:
2764:
2763:
2761:
2760:
2755:
2748:
2743:
2737:
2735:
2723:
2722:
2720:
2719:
2714:
2709:
2704:
2699:
2694:
2688:
2686:
2674:
2673:
2666:
2665:
2658:
2651:
2643:
2634:
2633:
2631:
2630:
2619:
2616:
2615:
2613:
2612:
2607:
2602:
2597:
2592:
2587:
2582:
2577:
2572:
2567:
2562:
2557:
2552:
2547:
2542:
2537:
2532:
2527:
2522:
2517:
2512:
2507:
2502:
2497:
2492:
2487:
2482:
2477:
2472:
2467:
2462:
2457:
2452:
2447:
2442:
2437:
2432:
2427:
2422:
2417:
2412:
2407:
2402:
2397:
2392:
2386:
2383:
2382:
2375:
2374:
2367:
2360:
2352:
2344:
2343:
2333:
2332:
2322:
2321:
2316:
2313:
2296:
2291:
2287:
2286:
2277:
2274:
2250:
2245:
2241:
2240:
2235:
2232:
2222:
2221:
2212:
2207:
2203:
2202:
2177:
2174:
2165:
2160:
2156:
2155:
2154:Regnal titles
2151:
2150:
2130:
2127:
2122:
2121:
2094:
2085:
2067:
2057:
2046:
2045:
2034:
2033:External links
2031:
2030:
2029:
2020:
2003:
1994:
1983:
1980:
1978:
1977:
1975:, p. 266.
1973:Arblaster 2018
1965:
1961:Blockmans 2015
1953:
1939:
1906:
1899:
1875:
1840:
1820:
1808:
1775:
1758:
1751:
1731:
1724:
1704:
1697:
1677:
1657:
1632:
1626:978-0195334036
1625:
1605:
1598:
1575:
1573:, p. 387.
1558:
1518:
1511:
1475:
1473:
1470:
1469:
1468:
1460:
1457:
1456:
1455:
1452:
1442:
1436:
1430:
1420:
1414:
1413:
1412:
1405:
1398:Lord of Verona
1384:
1378:
1360:
1359:
1358:
1351:
1319:
1318:
1309:
1299:
1289:
1276:
1273:
1264:), married at
1246:
1243:
1179:
1176:
1057:
1054:
1040:, and in 1340
1021:
1018:
992:King Philip VI
866:
863:
849:was signed at
847:another treaty
819:excommunicated
815:Pope John XXII
667:
664:
577:
574:
527:Pope John XXII
450:
449:
444:
440:
439:
434:
430:
429:
424:
418:
417:
415:
414:
409:
404:
399:
394:
389:
384:
379:
373:
371:
365:
364:
352:
348:
343:
342:
341:
340:
327:
323:
318:
317:
316:
315:
312:
310:
306:
305:
299:(aged 65)
293:
289:
288:
281:
277:
276:
273:
272:
247:
243:
242:
237:
233:
232:
229:
225:
224:
211:
210:
205:
201:
200:
195:
191:
190:
183:
179:
178:
175:
171:
170:
164:
163:
158:
154:
153:
148:
144:
143:
136:
132:
131:
128:
124:
123:
117:
116:
111:
107:
106:
101:
97:
96:
89:
83:
82:
79:
75:
74:
57:
56:
50:
42:
41:
26:
9:
6:
4:
3:
2:
4880:
4869:
4866:
4864:
4861:
4859:
4856:
4854:
4851:
4849:
4846:
4844:
4841:
4839:
4836:
4834:
4831:
4829:
4826:
4824:
4821:
4819:
4816:
4814:
4811:
4809:
4806:
4804:
4801:
4799:
4796:
4795:
4793:
4778:
4775:
4772:
4770:
4767:
4764:
4762:
4759:
4756:
4754:
4750:
4747:
4745:
4742:
4739:
4737:
4734:
4731:
4729:
4726:
4723:
4721:
4718:
4715:
4713:
4710:
4707:
4705:
4702:
4699:
4697:
4694:
4691:
4689:
4686:
4683:
4681:
4678:
4675:
4673:
4670:
4667:
4665:
4662:
4659:
4657:
4654:
4651:
4649:
4646:
4643:
4641:
4638:
4635:
4633:
4630:
4627:
4625:
4622:
4619:
4617:
4614:
4611:
4609:
4606:
4603:
4601:
4598:
4595:
4593:
4589:
4586:
4584:
4580:
4577:
4575:
4571:
4568:
4566:
4562:
4559:
4557:
4554:
4551:
4549:
4545:
4542:
4540:
4536:
4533:
4531:
4528:
4525:
4523:
4520:
4517:
4515:
4512:
4509:
4507:
4504:
4501:
4499:
4496:
4493:
4491:
4488:
4485:
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4480:
4477:
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4469:
4467:
4464:
4461:
4459:
4456:
4453:
4451:
4448:
4445:
4443:
4440:
4437:
4435:
4432:
4429:
4427:
4424:
4421:
4419:
4416:
4415:Agnes of Loon
4413:
4411:
4408:
4405:
4403:
4400:
4397:
4395:
4392:
4389:
4387:
4384:
4381:
4379:
4376:
4373:
4371:
4368:
4365:
4363:
4360:
4357:
4355:
4352:
4349:
4347:
4344:
4341:
4339:
4336:
4333:
4331:
4328:
4325:
4323:
4320:
4317:
4315:
4312:
4309:
4307:
4304:
4301:
4299:
4296:
4293:
4291:
4288:
4285:
4283:
4280:
4277:
4275:
4272:
4269:
4267:
4264:
4261:
4259:
4256:
4253:
4251:
4248:
4245:
4243:
4240:
4237:
4235:
4232:
4229:
4227:
4224:
4221:
4219:
4216:
4213:
4211:
4208:
4205:
4203:
4200:
4197:
4195:
4192:
4189:
4187:
4184:
4181:
4179:
4176:
4173:
4171:
4168:
4165:
4163:
4160:
4157:
4155:
4152:
4149:
4147:
4144:
4141:
4139:
4136:
4133:
4131:
4130:(c.716–c.719)
4128:
4125:
4123:
4122:(c.716–c.719)
4120:
4117:
4115:
4114:(c.716–c.719)
4112:
4109:
4107:
4104:
4101:
4099:
4096:
4093:
4091:
4088:
4085:
4083:
4080:
4077:
4076:
4073:
4067:
4064:
4062:
4059:
4057:
4054:
4052:
4049:
4047:
4046:Lower Bavaria
4044:
4042:
4041:Upper Bavaria
4039:
4037:
4034:
4033:
4030:
4026:
4019:
4014:
4012:
4007:
4005:
4000:
3999:
3996:
3984:
3978:
3976:
3970:
3968:
3962:
3960:
3954:
3952:
3946:
3944:
3938:
3936:
3932:Frederick II
3930:
3928:
3922:
3920:
3914:
3912:
3906:
3904:
3898:
3896:
3890:
3888:
3882:
3880:
3874:
3872:
3866:
3864:
3858:
3856:
3850:
3848:
3842:
3840:
3834:
3832:
3826:
3824:
3818:
3816:
3810:
3809:
3807:
3803:
3797:
3793:
3787:
3781:
3779:
3772:
3771:
3767:
3765:
3759:
3757:
3751:
3749:
3742:
3741:
3737:
3735:
3728:
3727:
3723:
3721:
3715:
3713:
3706:
3705:
3701:
3699:
3692:
3691:
3687:
3686:
3684:
3678:
3672:
3666:
3664:
3658:
3656:
3650:
3648:
3642:
3640:
3634:
3632:
3626:
3624:
3618:
3616:
3610:
3608:
3602:
3600:
3594:
3593:
3591:
3589:
3585:
3579:
3573:
3571:
3565:
3563:
3557:
3555:
3549:
3547:
3541:
3539:
3533:
3531:
3525:
3523:
3517:
3515:
3509:
3507:
3501:
3499:
3493:
3491:
3485:
3483:
3477:
3475:
3469:
3467:
3461:
3459:
3453:
3451:
3445:
3443:
3437:
3435:
3429:
3427:
3421:
3419:
3413:
3411:
3405:
3403:
3397:
3395:
3389:
3387:
3383:
3379:
3377:
3371:
3369:
3363:
3362:
3360:
3358:
3354:
3348:
3342:
3340:
3334:
3332:
3326:
3324:
3318:
3316:
3310:
3308:
3302:
3300:
3294:
3292:
3286:
3285:
3283:
3281:
3277:
3272:
3262:
3256:
3255:
3253:
3249:
3244:
3237:
3232:
3230:
3225:
3223:
3218:
3217:
3214:
3202:
3199:
3197:
3196:Frederick III
3194:
3192:
3189:
3188:
3186:
3183:
3182:German Empire
3179:
3173:
3170:
3169:
3167:
3164:
3160:
3154:
3151:
3150:
3148:
3145:
3141:
3132:
3129:
3128:
3126:
3123:
3122:German Empire
3119:
3113:
3110:
3108:
3105:
3104:
3102:
3099:
3095:
3089:
3086:
3085:
3083:
3080:
3076:
3070:
3067:
3065:
3062:
3060:
3057:
3055:
3052:
3050:
3047:
3045:
3042:
3040:
3037:
3035:
3032:
3030:
3027:
3025:
3024:Ferdinand III
3022:
3020:
3017:
3015:
3012:
3010:
3007:
3005:
3004:Maximilian II
3002:
3000:
2997:
2995:
2992:
2990:
2987:
2985:
2984:Frederick III
2982:
2980:
2977:
2975:
2972:
2970:
2969:
2965:
2963:
2960:
2958:
2955:
2953:
2952:
2948:
2946:
2943:
2941:
2938:
2936:
2933:
2931:
2928:
2926:
2923:
2921:
2918:
2916:
2913:
2911:
2910:
2906:
2904:
2901:
2899:
2896:
2894:
2893:
2889:
2887:
2884:
2882:
2879:
2877:
2874:
2872:
2869:
2867:
2864:
2862:
2859:
2857:
2854:
2852:
2849:
2847:
2844:
2842:
2839:
2837:
2834:
2832:
2829:
2827:
2826:
2822:
2820:
2819:
2815:
2813:
2810:
2808:
2805:
2803:
2800:
2798:
2795:
2793:
2790:
2788:
2785:
2783:
2780:
2779:
2777:
2774:
2769:
2765:
2759:
2756:
2754:
2753:
2749:
2747:
2744:
2742:
2739:
2738:
2736:
2733:
2728:
2724:
2718:
2715:
2713:
2710:
2708:
2705:
2703:
2700:
2698:
2695:
2693:
2690:
2689:
2687:
2684:
2679:
2675:
2671:
2664:
2659:
2657:
2652:
2650:
2645:
2644:
2641:
2629:
2621:
2620:
2617:
2611:
2608:
2606:
2603:
2601:
2598:
2596:
2593:
2591:
2588:
2586:
2583:
2581:
2578:
2576:
2573:
2571:
2570:Ferdinand III
2568:
2566:
2563:
2561:
2558:
2556:
2553:
2551:
2550:Maximilian II
2548:
2546:
2543:
2541:
2538:
2536:
2533:
2531:
2530:Frederick III
2528:
2526:
2523:
2521:
2518:
2516:
2513:
2511:
2508:
2506:
2503:
2501:
2498:
2496:
2493:
2491:
2488:
2486:
2483:
2481:
2478:
2476:
2473:
2471:
2468:
2466:
2463:
2461:
2458:
2456:
2453:
2451:
2448:
2446:
2443:
2441:
2438:
2436:
2433:
2431:
2428:
2426:
2423:
2421:
2418:
2416:
2413:
2411:
2408:
2406:
2403:
2401:
2398:
2396:
2393:
2391:
2388:
2387:
2384:
2380:
2373:
2368:
2366:
2361:
2359:
2354:
2353:
2350:
2340:
2339:
2334:
2329:
2328:
2327:King of Italy
2323:
2319:
2312:
2310:
2302:
2301:
2294:
2288:
2284:
2280:
2273:
2272:
2264:
2263:
2259:
2255:
2248:
2242:
2238:
2229:
2228:
2223:
2218:
2217:
2210:
2204:
2200:
2196:
2192:
2188:
2184:
2180:
2171:
2170:
2163:
2157:
2152:
2147:
2140:
2135:
2134:
2125:
2118:
2114:
2111:
2104:
2099:
2095:
2093:
2089:
2086:
2082:
2079:
2072:
2068:
2065:
2061:
2058:
2055:
2051:
2048:
2047:
2044:
2040:
2037:
2036:
2026:
2021:
2017:
2013:
2009:
2004:
2000:
1995:
1991:
1986:
1985:
1974:
1969:
1963:, p. 67.
1962:
1957:
1951:(in German) .
1950:
1949:
1943:
1924:
1917:
1910:
1902:
1896:
1892:
1888:
1887:
1879:
1871:
1867:
1863:
1859:
1855:
1851:
1844:
1838:
1837:1-85367-535-0
1834:
1830:
1824:
1817:
1812:
1793:
1786:
1779:
1771:
1770:
1762:
1754:
1748:
1744:
1743:
1735:
1727:
1721:
1717:
1716:
1708:
1700:
1698:9780893560164
1694:
1690:
1689:
1681:
1673:
1672:
1664:
1662:
1646:
1642:
1636:
1628:
1622:
1618:
1617:
1609:
1601:
1595:
1591:
1590:
1582:
1580:
1572:
1567:
1565:
1563:
1543:
1536:
1529:
1527:
1525:
1523:
1514:
1508:
1504:
1503:
1495:
1493:
1491:
1489:
1487:
1485:
1483:
1481:
1476:
1466:
1463:
1462:
1453:
1450:
1446:
1443:
1440:
1437:
1434:
1431:
1428:
1424:
1421:
1418:
1415:
1410:
1406:
1403:
1400:(d. 1359) in
1399:
1395:
1392:
1391:
1389:
1385:
1382:
1379:
1376:
1372:
1361:
1356:
1352:
1349:
1345:
1342:
1338:
1337:
1335:
1332:
1331:
1330:
1328:
1324:
1317:
1316:Lower Bavaria
1313:
1310:
1300:
1297:
1293:
1290:
1288:
1284:
1280:
1277:
1274:
1271:
1267:
1263:
1259:
1256:
1255:
1254:
1252:
1242:
1240:
1235:
1231:
1227:
1222:
1220:
1216:
1212:
1208:
1204:
1200:
1196:
1193:
1184:
1175:
1173:
1169:
1165:
1161:
1157:
1153:
1148:
1146:
1142:
1138:
1134:
1130:
1125:
1123:
1119:
1115:
1111:
1107:
1103:
1099:
1095:
1091:
1087:
1083:
1079:
1075:
1071:
1062:
1053:
1051:
1047:
1043:
1039:
1033:
1031:
1027:
1017:
1014:
1010:
1009:Imperial Diet
1005:
1001:
997:
993:
989:
984:
981:
977:
972:
970:
966:
962:
958:
949:
945:
943:
939:
935:
931:
927:
923:
919:
915:
911:
907:
906:Jacques Duèze
903:
899:
895:
890:
888:
884:
880:
871:
862:
860:
856:
852:
848:
844:
840:
830:
826:
824:
820:
816:
812:
808:
804:
799:
797:
793:
789:
785:
780:
778:
774:
770:
765:
763:
759:
755:
751:
747:
743:
738:
736:
732:
728:
724:
720:
716:
715:Sachsenhausen
712:
708:
703:
701:
697:
693:
689:
685:
681:
677:
673:
663:
661:
657:
653:
649:
645:
641:
637:
633:
629:
624:
622:
621:Lower Bavaria
618:
614:
610:
609:Upper Bavaria
606:
602:
597:
595:
591:
587:
584:, the son of
583:
573:
571:
568:in 1345 when
567:
563:
559:
555:
551:
547:
543:
539:
535:
532:Louis IV was
530:
528:
524:
520:
516:
512:
508:
506:
502:
501:King of Italy
498:
494:
490:
485:
480:
476:
472:
464:
456:
448:
445:
441:
438:
435:
431:
428:
425:
423:
419:
413:
410:
408:
405:
403:
400:
398:
395:
393:
390:
388:
385:
383:
380:
378:
375:
374:
372:
370:
366:
346:
339:
338:
321:
314:
313:
311:
307:
304:
294:
290:
287:
282:
278:
274:
271:
267:
263:
259:
255:
251:
248:
244:
241:
238:
234:
230:
226:
222:
216:
212:
209:
206:
202:
199:
196:
192:
188:
184:
180:
176:
172:
169:
165:
162:
159:
155:
152:
149:
145:
141:
138:31 May 1327 (
137:
133:
129:
125:
122:
121:King of Italy
118:
115:
112:
108:
105:
102:
98:
94:
90:
88:
84:
80:
76:
72:
66:
62:
58:
54:
48:
43:
38:
33:
19:
4776:
4774:Maximilian I
4768:
4760:
4752:
4743:
4735:
4727:
4719:
4711:
4703:
4695:
4687:
4679:
4671:
4663:
4655:
4647:
4639:
4631:
4623:
4615:
4607:
4599:
4591:
4582:
4573:
4564:
4555:
4547:
4538:
4529:
4526:
4521:
4513:
4505:
4497:
4489:
4481:
4473:
4465:
4457:
4449:
4441:
4433:
4425:
4417:
4409:
4401:
4393:
4385:
4377:
4369:
4361:
4353:
4345:
4337:
4329:
4321:
4313:
4305:
4297:
4289:
4281:
4273:
4265:
4257:
4249:
4241:
4233:
4225:
4217:
4209:
4201:
4193:
4185:
4177:
4169:
4161:
4153:
4145:
4137:
4129:
4121:
4113:
4105:
4097:
4089:
4081:
3947:
3908:Frederick I
3775:Berengar II
3768:
3738:
3724:
3702:
3688:
3680:Non-dynastic
3652:Charles III
3596:Charlemagne
3588:Carolingians
3381:
3251:Non-dynastic
3029:Ferdinand IV
3019:Ferdinand II
2989:Maximilian I
2966:
2949:
2934:
2907:
2892:Henry (VIII)
2890:
2876:Frederick II
2831:Conrad (III)
2823:
2816:
2750:
2727:East Francia
2678:East Francia
2565:Ferdinand II
2535:Maximilian I
2514:
2505:Frederick II
2336:
2325:
2306:
2298:
2268:
2252:
2225:
2214:
2167:
2145:
2138:
2131:
2106:
2097:
2090:im Opac der
2074:
2024:
2007:
1998:
1989:
1968:
1956:
1947:
1942:
1930:. Retrieved
1909:
1885:
1878:
1853:
1849:
1843:
1828:
1823:
1811:
1799:. Retrieved
1778:
1768:
1761:
1741:
1734:
1714:
1707:
1687:
1680:
1670:
1648:. Retrieved
1644:
1635:
1615:
1608:
1588:
1549:. Retrieved
1501:
1390:), married:
1320:
1268:1 July 1329
1248:
1230:Frauenkirche
1223:
1189:
1149:
1126:
1067:
1034:
1023:
996:Benedict XII
985:
973:
954:
924:as antipope
905:
901:
891:
876:
835:
800:
781:
766:
739:
704:
669:
636:guardianship
625:
598:
579:
531:
509:
479:the Bavarian
478:
470:
469:
297:(1347-10-11)
283:1 April 1282
4808:1347 deaths
4803:1282 births
4777:(1597–1623)
4769:(1579–1597)
4761:(1550–1579)
4753:(1516–1545)
4629:William III
4565:(1347–1365)
4434:(1231–1253)
4426:(1183–1231)
4410:(1180–1183)
4402:(1156–1180)
4394:(1143–1156)
4386:(1139–1141)
4378:(1126–1138)
4370:(1120–1126)
4362:(1101–1120)
4354:(1077–1096)
4338:(1061–1070)
4330:(1054–1055)
4314:(1049–1053)
4306:(1042–1047)
4298:(1026–1042)
4167:Tassilo III
4106:(c.680–716)
4095:Garibald II
3982:(1530–1556)
3974:(1452–1493)
3966:(1431–1437)
3958:(1355–1378)
3956:Charles IV
3950:(1327–1347)
3942:(1311–1313)
3934:(1212–1250)
3926:(1209–1212)
3918:(1186–1197)
3910:(1154–1186)
3902:(1138–1152)
3900:Conrad III
3894:(1125–1137)
3886:(1106–1125)
3878:(1093–1101)
3870:(1056–1105)
3862:(1039–1056)
3854:(1026–1039)
3846:(1004–1024)
3838:(1002–1014)
3761:Lothair II
3695:Berengar I
3690:Unruochings
3636:Charles II
3575:Desiderius
3551:Hildeprand
3527:Aripert II
3382:Interregnum
3184:(1871–1918)
3165:(1867–1871)
3146:(1850–1866)
3124:(1848/1849)
3112:Ferdinand I
3100:(1815–1848)
3081:(1806–1813)
3049:Charles VII
2999:Ferdinand I
2881:Henry (VII)
2856:Frederick I
2590:Charles VII
2545:Ferdinand I
2490:Frederick I
2485:Lothair III
2415:Charles III
2390:Charlemagne
2279:Margaret II
2271:Margaret II
2043:LBA Marburg
1772:. Keyssner.
1571:Thomas 2010
1409:Württemberg
1371:Fontenelles
1367: 1326
1339:in 1351 in
1306: 1318
1285:, count of
1283:Brandenburg
1070:Brandenburg
942:Ettal Abbey
777:Switzerland
717:, south of
709:chaired an
499:from 1314,
427:Wittelsbach
301:Puch, near
236:Predecessor
194:Predecessor
147:Predecessor
100:Predecessor
4792:Categories
4693:Albert III
4613:Jacqueline
4605:William II
4570:Stephen II
4553:Meinhard I
4447:Henry XIII
4351:Henry VIII
4319:Henry VIII
4127:Tassilo II
4079:Garibald I
3980:Charles V
3964:Sigismund
3940:Henry VII
3876:Conrad II
3860:Henry III
3852:Conrad II
3830:(996–1002)
3805:(962–1556)
3620:Lothair I
3543:Liutprand
3519:Raginpert
3479:Perctarit
3455:Perctarit
3439:Aripert I
3304:Theodahad
3296:Athalaric
3288:Theodoric
3280:Ostrogoths
3201:William II
3088:Napoleon I
3069:Francis II
3064:Leopold II
3044:Charles VI
2957:Wenceslaus
2945:Charles IV
2851:Henry (VI)
2846:Conrad III
2775:(962–1806)
2770:within the
2680:during the
2610:Francis II
2605:Leopold II
2585:Charles VI
2555:Rudolph II
2520:Charles IV
2410:Charles II
2342:1328–1347
2331:1327–1347
2318:Charles IV
2231:1319–1329
2220:1301–1347
2183:Stephen II
2173:1340–1347
1472:References
1377:(d. 1340).
1373:) married
1312:Stephen II
1195:Charles IV
1086:Palatinate
926:Nicholas V
918:Franciscan
807:Schwandorf
696:Luxembourg
678:, King of
254:Stephen II
208:Charles IV
182:Coronation
161:Charles IV
135:Coronation
114:Charles IV
87:Coronation
4709:Sigismund
4597:Albert II
4579:William I
4511:Henry XIV
4487:Rudolph I
4463:Stephen I
4455:Louis III
4383:Leopold I
4327:Conrad II
4303:Henry VII
4274:(983–985)
4266:(976–982)
4250:(947–955)
4242:(938–947)
4234:(937–938)
4226:(907–937)
4170:(748–788)
4154:(736–748)
4146:(725–736)
4138:(715–725)
4111:Theodbert
4098:(610–625)
4090:(591–610)
4087:Tassilo I
4082:(555–591)
3948:Louis IV
3916:Henry VI
3868:Henry IV
3844:Henry II
3836:Arduin I
3828:Otto III
3822:(980–983)
3814:(962–973)
3785:(950–963)
3783:Adalbert
3777:(950–963)
3770:Anscarids
3763:(945–950)
3755:(926–947)
3747:(900–905)
3745:Louis II
3733:(922–933)
3719:(891–897)
3711:(889–894)
3704:Guideschi
3697:(887–924)
3662:(896–899)
3654:(879–887)
3646:(877–879)
3644:Carloman
3638:(875–877)
3630:(855–875)
3622:(818–855)
3614:(810–818)
3606:(781–810)
3598:(774–814)
3577:(756–774)
3569:(749–756)
3561:(744–749)
3545:(712–744)
3535:Ansprand
3529:(702–712)
3513:(700–702)
3511:Liutpert
3505:(689–700)
3503:Cunipert
3489:(688–689)
3487:Cunipert
3481:(671–688)
3471:Garibald
3465:(662–671)
3463:Grimoald
3457:(661–662)
3449:(661–662)
3447:Godepert
3441:(653–661)
3433:(652–653)
3425:(636-652)
3417:(626–636)
3409:(616–626)
3407:Adaloald
3401:(590–616)
3393:(584–590)
3385:(574–584)
3375:(572–574)
3367:(568–572)
3346:(552–553)
3338:(541–552)
3322:(540–541)
3314:(536–540)
3306:(534–536)
3298:(526–534)
3290:(493–526)
3260:(476–493)
3191:William I
3172:William I
3107:Francis I
3059:Joseph II
3054:Francis I
3034:Leopold I
3009:Rudolf II
2994:Charles V
2979:Albert II
2974:Sigismund
2930:Henry VII
2886:Conrad IV
2807:Henry III
2802:Conrad II
2734:(919–962)
2729:(911–919)
2685:(843–911)
2600:Joseph II
2595:Francis I
2575:Leopold I
2540:Charles V
2525:Sigismund
2510:Henry VII
2470:Henry III
2465:Conrad II
2435:Louis III
2400:Lothair I
2304:1314–1347
2293:Henry VII
2266:1345–1347
2237:Rudolf II
2191:William I
2056:catalogue
1650:30 August
1388:Stuttgart
1272:(d. 1349)
1266:Nuremberg
1192:Luxemburg
1164:Friesland
1102:Carinthia
1030:Lithuania
969:Alter Hof
900:, called
803:Trausnitz
760:and Duke
752:and King
719:Frankfurt
690:, of the
672:Henry VII
640:Henry XIV
632:Leopold I
594:Rudolph I
566:Friesland
473:(German:
262:William I
246:Successor
204:Successor
198:Henry VII
157:Successor
151:Henry VII
110:Successor
104:Henry VII
4588:Albert I
4561:Louis VI
4527:Louis IV
4471:Otto III
4311:Conrad I
4295:Henry VI
4279:Henry IV
4239:Berthold
4231:Eberhard
4215:Luitpold
4207:Engeldeo
4183:Carloman
4135:Grimoald
4119:Theobald
3924:Otto IV
3884:Henry V
3820:Otto II
3740:Bosonids
3731:Rudolph
3717:Lambert
3628:Louis I
3612:Bernard
3567:Aistulf
3559:Ratchis
3431:Rodoald
3423:Rothari
3415:Arioald
3399:Agilulf
3391:Authari
3357:Lombards
3320:Ildibad
3312:Vitiges
3258:Odoacer
3039:Joseph I
3014:Matthias
2935:Louis IV
2925:Albert I
2915:Rudolf I
2861:Henry VI
2812:Henry IV
2797:Henry II
2792:Otto III
2741:Conrad I
2697:Carloman
2628:Category
2580:Joseph I
2560:Matthias
2515:Louis IV
2495:Henry VI
2475:Henry IV
2460:Henry II
2455:Otto III
2440:Berengar
2405:Louis II
2209:Rudolf I
2195:Albert I
2187:Louis VI
2027:. Brill.
2016:67-11030
1932:March 1,
1923:Archived
1870:43612325
1816:Cox 1967
1801:March 1,
1792:Archived
1551:March 1,
1542:Archived
1459:See also
1445:Beatrice
1353:1357/58
1334:Margaret
1258:Mathilda
1205:and the
1120:, while
1013:Coblence
843:electors
805:Castle (
796:Salzburg
688:Albert I
660:tutelage
652:Otto III
648:Henry XV
617:Albert I
613:Habsburg
605:Rudolf I
586:Louis II
538:Rudolf I
515:Habsburg
471:Louis IV
266:Albert I
258:Louis VI
240:Rudolf I
221:Rudolf I
40:Louis IV
4751:, Duke
4749:Louis X
4701:John IV
4653:John II
4503:Otto VI
4479:Matilda
4423:Louis I
4375:Henry X
4359:Welf II
4287:Henry V
4247:Henry I
4143:Hugbert
3812:Otto I
3798:within
3668:Ratold
3660:Arnulf
3495:Alahis
3365:Alboin
3336:Totila
3328:Eraric
2951:Günther
2909:Alfonso
2903:Richard
2898:William
2871:Otto IV
2836:Henry V
2825:Hermann
2787:Otto II
2746:Henry I
2500:Otto IV
2480:Henry V
2450:Otto II
2425:Lambert
2395:Louis I
2262:Zeeland
2258:Holland
2179:Louis V
2062:in the
2052:in the
1327:Holland
1301:Agnes (
1207:knights
1160:Zeeland
1156:Holland
1152:Hainaut
1074:Louis V
1000:Avignon
910:Avignon
817:, who
792:Ampfing
784:Leopold
680:Bohemia
644:Otto IV
590:Matilda
562:Zeeland
558:Holland
554:Hainaut
517:cousin
495:), was
361:
353:
349:
336:
328:
324:
309:Spouses
250:Louis V
4637:Ernest
4535:Otto V
4343:Welf I
4263:Otto I
4223:Arnulf
4103:Theodo
3604:Pepin
3373:Cleph
2962:Rupert
2866:Philip
2818:Rudolf
2782:Otto I
2758:Otto I
2752:Arnulf
2712:Arnulf
2445:Otto I
2430:Arnulf
2260:, and
2199:Otto V
2162:John I
2144:
2014:
1897:
1868:
1835:
1749:
1722:
1695:
1623:
1596:
1509:
1427:Munich
1402:Verona
1362:Anna (
1262:Meißen
1162:, and
1133:mother
1129:John I
1116:, and
1094:Rupert
1090:Rudolf
1050:gulden
1042:Lübeck
914:heresy
839:Empire
769:Aachen
729:, and
646:, and
601:Vienna
582:Munich
564:, and
540:, was
475:Ludwig
443:Mother
433:Father
286:Munich
270:Otto V
93:Aachen
4162:(748)
4159:Grifo
4151:Odilo
3753:Hugh
3726:Welfs
3670:(896)
3553:(744)
3537:(712)
3521:(701)
3497:(689)
3473:(671)
3344:Teia
3330:(541)
2968:Jobst
2920:Adolf
2307:with
2269:with
2146:Died:
2139:Born:
1982:Books
1926:(PDF)
1919:(PDF)
1866:JSTOR
1795:(PDF)
1788:(PDF)
1545:(PDF)
1538:(PDF)
1423:Agnes
1296:Kastl
1287:Tyrol
1143:with
1137:Tyrol
1122:Tyrol
879:Milan
489:Latin
422:House
369:Issue
355:(
351:
330:(
326:
228:Reign
174:Reign
140:Milan
127:Reign
78:Reign
3800:the
3709:Guy
2148:1347
2141:1282
2012:LCCN
1934:2020
1895:ISBN
1833:ISBN
1803:2020
1747:ISBN
1720:ISBN
1693:ISBN
1652:2018
1621:ISBN
1594:ISBN
1553:2020
1507:ISBN
1341:Ofen
1325:and
1292:Anna
1110:Linz
1106:fief
1092:and
978:the
959:and
938:Pisa
894:Rome
773:Bonn
676:John
292:Died
280:Born
268:and
187:Rome
4590:,
4581:,
4572:,
4563:,
4546:,
4537:,
2420:Guy
1858:doi
1172:one
998:in
851:Ulm
713:at
607:in
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1660:^
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1578:^
1561:^
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1479:^
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1303:c.
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1154:,
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920:,
744:,
642:,
596:.
560:,
556:,
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487:,
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332:m.
264:,
260:,
256:,
252:,
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2655:t
2648:v
2371:e
2364:t
2357:v
2119:.
2113:)
2083:.
2081:)
2018:.
1936:.
1903:.
1872:.
1860::
1805:.
1755:.
1728:.
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95:)
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