255:(AF) took an interest in sponsoring the project, the car was renamed "Aluminium Français Grégoire" (AFG). With AF's backing Panhard was given permission to resume building passenger cars, but substituted their own chassis and suspension for that of the original AFG, and Delagarde's flat-twin, enlarged to 610 cc (37.2 cu in), for the 594 cc (36.2 cu in) air-cooled flat-twin in the AFG. Design of Delagarde's engine was started before that of Grégoire's. It also produced more power. The revised car went into production as the
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and ball bearing mains. The roller bearings were an original design by
Delagarde that introduced reduced-diameter "inverter rollers" between the main rollers to extend the life of the bearing. Rights to this design were later acquired by SKF. The connecting rods were one-piece units. Rather than use helical-wound
221:
layout reflected
Delagarde's long-standing interest in motorcycling. To eliminate problems with cylinder head joints, the cylinder heads were not detachable, but were cast in unit with the cylinder barrels as "blind" cylinders. The crankshaft was a built-up unit that rode in roller bearing big ends
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that produced 250 hp (186.4 kW) on gasoline and made the EBR one of the fastest reconnaissance vehicles of the time. The low, centrally-mounted engine allowed enough space in the body to accommodate a driver both in front and in back, enabling the vehicle to drive forwards or backwards
189:("Engin Blindé de Reconnaissance" or Armored Reconnaissance Vehicle). He designed an armoured shell chassis for the car, and angled the exterior plating to deflect incoming fire. Delagarde also produced the engine for the EBR; an air-cooled 6.0 L
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In 1938 Delagarde and GĂ©ry produced a new armoured car prototype called the AM 201. This eight-wheeled vehicle used four rubber-tired wheels in the outer-most corners with four retractable steel "agricultural" wheels, two on each side, in the middle.
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indifferently, as well as two turret operators. The
Panhard & Levassor EBR armored reconnaissance vehicle was chosen by the army in 1949." An EBR was used to transfer the body of General de Gaulle from Paris to Colombey-les-Deux-Eglises.
206:, and Delagarde relocated along with it. It was here that Delagarde first drew a 350 cc (21.4 cu in) air-cooled flat-twin engine for a new small front-wheel drive car conceived by Jean Panhard and designed by
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to close the flat-twin's intake and exhaust valves. The ends of the torsion bars opposite the valves in each cylinder were connected together, increasing the force exerted on the valve being operated.
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Delagarde also did design work on various
Panhard military vehicles, beginning with the 1928 AMD (Auto-Mitrailleuse de DĂ©couverte - Machine-gun reconnaissance) 165. The 165 led to the 172, 175 and
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that was similar in many ways to the VP2. Grégoire's design, originally called the "Automobile Légère Grégoire" (ALG), made extensive use of light alloys. When the French aluminium company
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Some of
Delagarde's early work at Panhard included designing trucks and diesel engines. Working with Bionier and technical director Pasquelin, he did the mechanical design for the
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or "gasifiers" for the military. His chief contributions were the adoption of a nozzle developed by partner Jean Gohin and the addition of a filter of his own design.
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Delagarde also designed the transmission and final drive, producing a four-speed transaxle unit with a direct drive third gear and an overdrive fourth gear.
104:. His father, who was a judge, died in 1906, after which his mother moved to the Rue d'Assas in Paris. Delagarde's early education included time at Bossuet,
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126:, often while astride the barrel of his tank's gun. Delagarde was wounded three times during his service, and was awarded the
214:, for "Voiture Populaire", or People's Car. As work progressed the car changed from the two-door VP to the four-door VP2.
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178:. One of the features Delagarde introduced was to arrange the chassis so as to improve protection against direct fire.
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Delagarde joined
Panhard in late 1921, right after graduating from the École Centrale. His salary was 600 F per month.
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Delagarde enlisted in the French army in April 1917, and was sent to the front in June 1918 in an artillery corps of
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and would not have access to the steel needed to resume post-war production, they licensed a car designed by
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It was during this time that he developed an enthusiasm for motorcycles that lasted throughout his life.
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Delagarde retired from
Panhard in 1975, after a career spanning almost 55 years with the same company.
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In 1949 he was promoted to the position of
Officier de la LĂ©gion d'honneur for his work on gasifiers.
88:(1898–1990) was an engineer and automotive designer known primarily for his work with French carmaker
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In 1950 Delagarde was awarded a patent for a system to close engine valves using a single bar.
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tanks, where he commanded a section. During quiet times he studied for entry to the
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In 1924 Delagarde married Lucie Blard. The couple went on to have ten children.
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665:[Delage Panhard Honda and the History of Closing Motorcycle Valves].
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Delagarde's engine had several distinctive features. Its air-cooled
663:"Delage Panhard Honda et le Rappel de Soupape Histoire de la Moto"
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609:[1946, the Dyna shakes up the venerable Panhard house].
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In 1945 he made significant contributions to development of the
560:[1946 Show: From The AFG Prototype To The Proto Dyna].
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One of
Delagarde's first projects for Panhard was improving
520:"Specifications for the EBR armored reconnaissance vehicle"
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When
Panhard discovered that it had been excluded from the
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seen on the pre-war Panhards, Delagarde opted to use long
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Panhard & Levassor: Pioneers in Automobile Excellence
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Faurès Fustel de Coulanges, Sébastien (December 2007).
607:"1946, la Dyna bouscule la vénérable maison Panhard"
584:. Chicago Illinois: Fitzroy Dearborn Publishers.
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669:(in French). Les Amis de Delage. pp. 10–19.
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644:"History of the firm — Panhard & Levassor"
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202:In 1939 Panhard's design office was moved to
558:"Salon 1946: Du Prototype AFG Au Proto Dyna"
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100:Delagarde was born on September 5, 1898, in
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582:The Beaulieu Encyclopedia of the Automobile
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707:Recipients of the Croix de Guerre (France)
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210:. Sketches from 1941 called the car the
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539:"Louis Bionier, French Designer Part 2"
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628:[Panhard Roller Crankshaft].
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605:Bonamis, Philippe (19 August 2005).
537:Berk, Gijsbert-Paul (1 April 2014).
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383:Carbonaro, Henri (September 1999).
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702:Recipients of the Legion of Honour
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626:"L'EMBIELLAGE A ROULEAU PANHARD"
499:"The French army adopts the EBR"
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412:Beare, David (November 2013).
324:"Albert Marie Louis DELAGARDE"
1:
697:20th-century French engineers
470:Beare, David (1 March 2018).
385:"Louis Delagarde (1898–1990)"
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648:doyennes-panhard-levassor.fr
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86:Albert Marie Louis Delagarde
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110:Collège Stanislas de Paris
16:French automotive designer
344:Walther, Martine (2006).
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624:Rampal, Charley (2010).
440:Rampal, Charley (2010).
152:arrondissement of Antony
106:Conflans-Sainte-Honorine
580:Georgano, Nick (2001).
474:. Amberley Publishing.
630:panhard-racing-team.fr
562:panhard-racing-team.fr
524:www.arquus-defense.com
503:www.arquus-defense.com
446:panhard-racing-team.fr
346:"Livre Fins des Temps"
90:Panhard & Levassor
414:"Dyna Panhard Racers"
154:, on 25 April 1990.
124:École Centrale Paris
543:www.velocetoday.com
418:www.velocetoday.com
79:Automotive engineer
253:Aluminium Français
191:flat-twelve engine
146:Delagarde died in
556:Rampal, Charley.
442:"LOUIS DELAGARDE"
102:Vitry-le-François
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43:Vitry-le-François
39:September 5, 1898
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55:(1990-04-25)
692:1990 deaths
687:1898 births
392:Centraliens
187:Panhard EBR
68:Nationality
681:Categories
310:References
263:Other work
120:Renault FT
76:Occupation
35:1898-09-05
294:1914–1918
271:of 1936.
245:Pons Plan
150:, in the
96:Biography
163:Military
130:and the
712:Panhard
650:. 2017.
611:Le Soir
281:Honours
158:Panhard
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204:Tarbes
108:, and
71:French
388:(PDF)
349:(PDF)
219:boxer
586:ISBN
476:ISBN
50:Died
29:Born
176:178
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Text is available under the Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike License. Additional terms may apply.
