Tom Denning, Baron Denning

1238:. Spartan Steel were a company that manufactured stainless steel in Birmingham, and their factory was powered by electricity. Less than a mile away from the factory, Martin & Co were doing maintenance work on a road when they accidentally unearthed and damaged the power cable providing the factory with electricity. Due to the power being off, the factory lost a large amount of money; £368 on damaged goods, £400 on the profits they would have made from those goods and £1,767 for the steel they could not make due to the power outage. The question was what Spartan Steel could claim money for. Martin & Co agreed they were negligent, and offered to pay for the damaged goods and the profit that Spartan Steel would have made on those goods, but refused to pay damages for the steel Spartan Steel could not make due to the power outage. In his judgment, Denning agreed that they would only have to pay for losses associated with the damaged goods, not the money lost on the steel that could not be made due to the power outage because it counted as 1150:, and Denning was appointed to replace him on 19 April 1962 with a salary of £9,000. Although Denning himself described it as "a step down" he was pleased with his appointment, as he had much preferred his time with the Court of Appeal than the House of Lords. Court of Appeal judges sit in threes, and the Lords in fives (or more), so it was suggested that to get his way in the Court of Appeal Denning only had to persuade one other judge whereas in the House of Lords it was at least two. The other "benefit" of the Court of Appeal is that it hears more cases than the House of Lords, and so has a greater effect on the law. During his twenty years as Master of the Rolls, Denning could choose both which cases he heard, and the judges with whom he sat. Therefore, on most issues, he effectively had the last word; comparatively few cases went on to the House of Lords, which was at that time Britain's highest court of law. 64: 5657: 432:, called him "the best known and best loved judge in our history". Denning's appellate work in the Court of Appeal did not concern criminal law. Mark Garnett and Richard Weight argue that Denning was a conservative Christian who "remained popular with morally conservative Britons who were dismayed at the postwar rise in crime and who, like him, believed that the duties of the individual were being forgotten in the clamour for rights. He had a more punitive than redemptive view of criminal justice, as a result of which he was a vocal supporter of corporal and capital punishment." However, he changed his stance on capital punishment in later life. 5264: 5240: 439:. He was known for his bold judgments running counter to the law at the time. During his 38-year career as a judge, he made large changes to the common law, particularly while in the Court of Appeal, and although some of his decisions were overturned by the House of Lords several of them were confirmed by Parliament, which passed statutes in line with his judgments. Appreciated for his role as "the people's judge" and his support for the individual, Denning attracted attention for his occasionally flexible attitude to the common law principle of 1336:, the Prime Minister at the time, asked Denning to lead an enquiry into the "circumstances leading to the resignation of the former Secretary of State for War, Mr J. D. Profumo". He started work on 24 June and began speaking to witnesses a day later. This period of the inquiry took 49 days and involved his speaking to 160 people. He concluded that the primary responsibility for the scandal was with Profumo, for associating with Keeler and for lying to his colleagues, with the greatest error being his false statement in the House of Commons. 1859:

contract written in 1961 due to end in March 1970. The growers were convinced that they were getting a bad deal; in response to their demand for better terms the mill-owners threatened to leave Fiji. Despite criticism from both sides at the beginning of the arbitration process, Denning came up with a solution which redressed matters in favour of growers, creating a new formula for working out prices and requiring that the mill owners have an accountant inspect their accounts and report back to the growers. Denning's decision impressed the

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calls spread out over several months the appellant's wife spoke to the respondents; she said there were several problems with the work that they had done, and she would only pay £300 of the £482 owed. The respondents replied that £300 would barely cover the costs of the materials, but that they would accept it anyway. If the respondents had not received the money they would have gone bankrupt, something the appellant's wife was well aware of. In his judgment, Denning modified English case law on part payment and

863: 5269: 2306: 1158:; by that point the files for civil cases of the High Court alone occupied four miles of shelving. The final report was presented to the Lord Chancellor on 16 May 1966, with the conclusion being that "if our proposals are implemented the Public Record Office alone will be relieved of two hundred tons of records (occupying 15,000 feet of shelving)". The Lord Chancellor took Denning's report to heart, and had the changes he recommended implemented immediately. 1428:"There is a conflict here between the interests of national security on the one hand and the freedom of the individual on the other. The balance between these two is not for a court of law. It is for the Home Secretary. He is the person entrusted by Parliament with the task. In some parts of the world national security has on occasions been used as an excuse for all sorts of infringements of individual liberty. But not in England." 1621: 1839:, New Zealand. His lecture at the conference so impressed an Australian visitor that he was invited in 1967 to speak at the Australian Law Society annual conference. On the return home, the couple briefly stayed in Delhi, where they gave a dinner for members of the Indian Bar who had welcomed them during their visit in 1964. In 1968, they again visited Canada, and Denning was given an honorary degree by 1962:, Denning became possibly the best-known judge ever to belong to the English judiciary, with the public treating Denning and the Court of Appeal as synonymous. He was equally well-loved and controversial, appreciated for his role as 'the people's judge' and his support for the common man and disliked by elements of the bar and judiciary for 'uncertainty in the law' created by his broad judgments. 2292: 531:; the money was not enough to live on, but he accepted nevertheless. Although he had been accepted by a college he still needed to gain entry to the university as a whole, which meant passing exams including Greek – which had not been taught at Andover Grammar School. Denning managed to teach himself enough of the subject to pass, and 1340:

divorce law; a man does not need to have committed adultery for his wife to have grounds to divorce him, but rather she simply has to believe that he has committed adultery. This is because such a belief would destroy the trust and confidence within the relationship. This brought criticism from several government ministers including

1612:; Denning remarked that if the Guildford Four had been hanged "They'd probably have hanged the right men. Just not proved against them, that's all". His remarks were controversial and came at a time when the issue of miscarriage of justice was a sensitive topic. He had expressed a similar controversial opinion regarding the 1835:. The couple visited Brazil, Uruguay, Argentina, Chile and Peru before flying north to visit Mexico City. On 6 January 1966, the couple flew to Malta, where Denning spoke at legal conferences and lectures. In the same year, they flew to San Francisco, Fiji and finally to New Zealand to take part in the law conference at 1872:

understandable, believing that the public would not want to follow the law unless they believed and understood that it was just. In his cases, he referred to the parties by name in his judgments rather than as "plaintiff" and "defendant" and used short sentences and a "storytelling" style of speech shown in the case

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in Eccles, Lancashire. He had no business premises. All he had was a lorry, scales, and weights. He used to take the lorry to the yard of the National Coal Board, where he bagged coal and took it round to his customers in the neighbourhood. His nephew, John Joseph Beswick, helped him in his business.

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was, in fact, born in England, the child of Lithuanian immigrants. Denning appeared on a radio programme aimed at the Jewish community to apologise, saying that Jewish refugees from Hitler's Germany had contributed a great deal in the fields of science, culture, art, law and music, and that "I'd like

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from 6 months to 6 weeks. The second report was published in November, recommending that County Court judges should be appointed to try cases, and the final report was published in February 1947 recommending the establishment of a Marriage Welfare Service. The reports were well received by the public

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In 1946, he travelled the Western Circuit but was recalled by the Lord Chancellor to chair a committee looking at the reform of procedure in divorce cases. He continued working as a judge while chairing the daily committee. The committee was appointed on 26 June 1946 and published its first report in

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We must not allow this cult of homosexuality, making it equal with heterosexuality, to develop in our land. We must preserve our moral and spiritual values which have come down through the centuries. One way we can do it—I support it altogether—is by passing this Bill as speedily as we can. I accept

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to travel to South Africa and visit the universities there in the court holiday. He visited all six universities, accompanied by his son Robert and wife Joan, lecturing on the role of the judiciary and the press in safeguarding freedom. In 1955, he travelled to the United States at the behest of the

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in 1988, saying: "Hanging ought to be retained for murder most foul. We shouldn't have all these campaigns to get the Birmingham Six released if they'd been hanged. They'd have been forgotten, and the whole community would be satisfied ... It is better that some innocent men remain in jail than

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The government refused to do anything about those servicemen who had been rejected by the courts prior to Denning's judgment, which provoked public outcry under the slogan "Fit for Service, Fit for Pension". The British Legion chose 73 cases and asked Denning to let the Legion present them while the

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growers and the Australian owners of the refining mills, which he was permitted to do on the condition he did not take a fee. Denning refused to have any contact with the government as a way to emphasise his neutrality in the situation. The agreements between growers and millers had been based on a

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Just consider the course of events if their action were to proceed to trial ... If the six men failed it would mean that much time and money and worry would have been expended by many people to no good purpose. If they won, it would mean that the police were guilty of perjury; that they were guilty

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As Master of the Rolls he selected cases he felt to be particularly important to hear and, rather than having an American system (where judges had a rota for taking cases), assigned cases to those judges who had expertise in that particular area of law. In 1963, he chaired a committee investigating

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Denning was demobilised on 6 February 1919, and returned to Magdalen College four days later. He initially thought about turning to applied mathematics, but decided on pure mathematics. He studied hard, not participating in any of the university's numerous societies or clubs so that he could better

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Denning has been described as the most influential judge of the 20th century, in part because of his changes to the common law and also due to his personalisation of the legal profession. Former Prime Minister Margaret Thatcher referred to Denning as "probably the greatest English judge of modern

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For many years, Denning was the president of the Lawyers' Christian Fellowship, and he once wrote that "Without religion there is no morality, and without morality there is no law." His Christian beliefs sometimes affected his judgments, particularly on the subject of the sanctity of marriage. In

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He also said that the situation had been looked at in the wrong way by police, members of parliament and the security services; rather than asking if Profumo had committed adultery they should have asked if his conduct had led ordinary people to believe he committed adultery. His analogy was with

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has been criticised, firstly for being based on public policy rather than any legal principle, and secondly because the main public policy ground for their decision (that allowing claims of pure economic loss would lead to countless claims) has never been backed up by evidence. The House of Lords

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2 QB 617 in 1965. D & C Builders Ltd (the respondent) had been hired by Rees (the appellant) to do some construction work at his shop, where he sold building materials. The respondent finished the work and repeatedly phoned the appellant to request the money they were owed. After three phone

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of Lincoln's Inn, and became its treasurer in 1964. Denning had little experience with divorce law and disliked it; it was seen as an inferior type of law. There were few good barristers specialising in divorce law; two other barristers were sworn into the Probate, Divorce and Admiralty Division

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she was transferred to Brompton Hospital, where she had a lung removed. After recovering, she moved to Southampton to stay with her parents for two years, with Denning visiting every weekend. By 1935, she had fully recovered, and the couple bought a house in Tylers Green, Cuckfield, called Fair

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Denning was also known for his long working schedule; when he served as Master of the Rolls he sat for five full days a week, and required reserved judgments (about one case in ten) to be written during the weekend. He expected the other justices to keep to the same schedule as himself, and was

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In the same article, according to Wilson, "Denning the Europhobe told me that it was 'entirely wrong' for this country to have put its interests in Europe into the hands of 'a German Jew, if you please' called Leon Brittan. When I questioned the accuracy of this description of Sir Leon, Denning

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The report was criticised as a "whitewash", a claim Denning rejected; he said that "while the public interest demands that the facts should be ascertained as completely as possible there is a higher interest to be considered, namely the interest of justice to the individual which overrides all

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As a High Court judge Denning sentenced people to death, which he said at the time "didn't worry in the least". Denning maintained that for murder, death was the most appropriate penalty, and that in cases where mistakes had been made there was always an appeals system. In the 1950s there was

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Denning met his future wife Mary Harvey on 25 October 1914 aged fifteen at his confirmation; she was the daughter of the Vicar of Whitchurch. Denning attempted to court her for many years, but for a long time his love was unrequited, with Mary wanting them to be only friends. After a dance at

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commented "I cannot refrain from noting with regret, which is, I am sure, shared by all members of the Appellate Committee of this House, that Lord Denning M.R.'s judgment in the instant case, which was delivered on September 29, 1982 is probably the last in which your Lordships will have the

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In retirement, Denning removed to Whitchurch and continued the work he had done outside court hours, lecturing and presenting awards. He also on occasion dispensed legal advice; in February 1983, he advised Patrick Evershed on the statutory duties of water suppliers. Further hip troubles were

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on 22 March, saying that "there was no impropriety whatsoever in my acquaintanceship with Miss Keeler". On 4 June 1963, he contacted the Chief Whip and the Prime Minister's private secretary and informed them that he had indeed been having an affair with Keeler; therefore, he sent a letter of

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growing opposition to the use of the death penalty, and a Royal Commission was appointed to investigate abolishing it. Denning told the Commission in 1953 that "the punishment inflicted for grave crimes should adequately reflect the revulsion felt by the great majority of citizens for them".

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Denning was known for his excellent memory, repeating notes almost verbatim in his exams at Oxford and on one occasion identifying the exact book, page and paragraph of text in a judgment that covered a particular situation. As a judge he attempted to make his decisions and the law publicly

1535:. On 30 July 1982, his last day in court, Denning prepared four judgments and, dressed in his official robes and in the company of the Lord Chief Justice, delivered his farewell speech to over 300 lawyers crowded into the court. He delivered his last judgment on 29 September in 1811:

and made a life member of the Canadian Bar Association. In 1958, he visited Israel and from there travelled to Poland, where he was surprised by both the number of female judges and how badly they were paid. In 1961, he travelled again to Israel to give the Lionel Cohen Lecture at the

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from clients, including work prosecuting those who failed to pay rail tickets and fines. During this time, he also wrote a manual for the railway police giving guidance on incidents such as taxi drivers who refused to take a customer to a destination within the area specified by the

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He later changed his mind about capital punishment, regarding it as unethical. In 1984, he wrote "Is it right for us, as a society, to do a thing – hang a man – which none of us individually would be prepared to do or even witness? The answer is 'no, not in a civilised society'".

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saw most of the schoolmasters leave to join the British armed forces, being replaced by female teachers. At the time Denning wanted to become a mathematician, but none of the new teachers knew enough mathematics to teach him; instead, he taught himself. He qualified to study at

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of violence and threats; that the confessions were involuntary and improperly admitted in evidence; and that the convictions were erroneous. ... That was such an appalling vista that every sensible person would say, "It cannot be right that these actions should go any further."

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In 1945, Denning met Joan Stuart, a widow with three children. They married on 27 December 1945, and were by all accounts happy together. On 19 October 1992, she suffered a massive heart attack; although she survived the initial attack she died a few days later on 23 October.

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In March 1962, old Peter Beswick and his wife were both over 70. He had had his leg amputated and was not in good health. The nephew was anxious to get hold of the business before the old man died. So they went to a solicitor, Mr. Ashcroft, who drew up an agreement for them.

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In court, Denning preferred to let counsel talk on for as long as they wanted to so that he could get a grasp of the situation without wading through irrelevant court papers; to prevent them going on too long he sat quietly and allowed them to wind down at their own pace.

1472:; in it, he seemed to suggest that "British citizens were no longer all qualified to serve on juries", that some members of the black community were unsuitable to serve on juries and that immigrant groups may have had different moral standards to native Englishmen. 998:

Dear Sir: You are a disgrace to all mankind to let these women break up homes and expect us chaps to keep them while they rob us of what we have worked for and put us out on the street. I only hope you have the same trouble as us. So do us all a favour and take a

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times" and former Prime Minister Tony Blair lauded him as "one of the great men of his age". The Lord Chief Justice, Lord Bingham, said "Lord Denning was the best-known and best-loved judge of this or perhaps any generation" and "a legend in his own lifetime".

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1 KB 345 he ruled that it was up to the tribunals to prove that an injury was not due to war service, reversing the previous state of affairs where a claimant would have to prove their injuries were due to war service before they would be granted a pension. In

1570:”, warning that “we must not allow this cult of homosexuality, making it equal with heterosexuality, to develop in our land.” Four years later he opposed homosexuality among judges, claiming it would result in blackmail and improper relations with barristers. 1652:" and the local church had a new bell named "Great Tom" cast in his honour specifically for the occasion. By this point his health had deteriorated even further; he was legally blind and required a hearing aid. On 5 March 1999 he fell ill and was rushed to 1314:

The police did not initially investigate; no crime had been committed, and the morals of ministers were not their concern. Although the relationship lasted only a few weeks it became public knowledge in 1962. Keeler attempted to publish her memoirs in the

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and on 18 March presented the 1952 Haldane Memorial Lecture on the subject of the rule of law and the welfare state. In 1964, he was made President of the English Association in recognition of his contributions to English prose. He became Chairman of the

688:, worth £100 a year, to finance his studies; when the news of Denning's election was brought, Warren wrote "you are a marked man. Perhaps you will be a Lord of Appeal some day". Denning took his final examinations in June 1922 and impressed the examiner, 1351:

Denning's final report was 70,000 words long and was completed in the summer of 1963. He signed it on 16 September and it was published ten days later. It was a best-seller; 105,000 copies were sold, 4,000 in the first hour, with people queuing outside

1099:. After a period of contemplation (he worried that such an appointment would reduce his chances of becoming Master of the Rolls or Lord Chief Justice) he accepted, and was formally offered the job on 5 April 1957. He was appointed on 24 April 1957, as 3772: 1929:

when he said that "in the darkness of secrecy all sorts of things can go wrong. If things are really done in public you can see that the judge does behave himself, the newspapers can comment on it if he misbehaves – it keeps everyone in order".

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2 All ER 929 in 1964. Mrs Letang, on holiday in Cornwall, decided to lie down and rest in grass outside a hotel. Cooper drove into the hotel car park and, not seeing Letang, ran over her legs. More than three years after the events, Letang brought a

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KB 867 he also allowed for judges to approve time extensions for the claimant to gather more evidence when such extensions had been rejected by the Tribunal. These two cases made a large difference to applicants, and he received praise from both the

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the legal right of a parent to the custody of a child… is a dwindling right which the courts will hesitate to enforce against the wishes of the child, and the more so the older he is. It starts with a right of control and ends with little more than

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opportunity of enjoying his eminently readable style of exposition and his stimulating and percipient approach to the continuing development of the common law to which he has himself in his judicial lifetime made so outstanding a contribution."

1177:, saying that the rules on part payment can be set aside in situations where one of the parties is under duress. The fact that D & C Builders were effectively forced into accepting the lesser amount meant that the payment was not valid. 1058:

in 1952 he elaborated on his resurrected doctrine of promissory estoppel, saying that it could be a "shield" not a "sword"; it could be used to defend a claim, but not to create a cause of action where none existed. In 1954, his decision in

1831:. He again visited Canada and the United States in the long vacation of 1964 and addressed a full conference hall in New York. On 14 August 1965, he and his wife flew to South America for a month-long tour of the continent sponsored by the 3957:

the emendation of the noble Baroness, Lady Cox. I do not think there is any need for the words "acceptable family relationship". A local authority should not give any funds for the purpose of publishing or promoting homosexuality.

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Unlike most of the judiciary, Denning firmly believed that the press should have access to the courts and freedom to criticise magistrates and judges. He believed all legal proceedings should be held in public, quoting

613:. Denning went two days without sleep while building these bridges; shortly after one was completed, a German aeroplane dropped a bomb on it, forcing them to start again. The unit advanced over the River Ancre and the 1863:, who invited him to report on the banana growing industry in Jamaica in the vacation of 1971. His foreign travels to lecture on English law led to him being described as the "Ambassador-at-Large for the common law". 1382:

which related to the rights of those under 18 to act on their own behalf. In this case, Denning rejected the concept of absolute parental control over someone under 18, and established it as a 'dwindling right'.

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was incorporated because a contract was signed. He said that 'If you are an advocate you want your client to win. If you are a judge you don't care who wins exactly. All you are concerned about is justice'.

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on 18 January 1930 she told him of her love for him, and he returned to Hampshire with her to pick out an engagement ring. Barely six months away from the set date for their wedding Mary was diagnosed with

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2 QB 466 he ruled that a deserted wife occupying the marital home had a personal licence to stay there. The decision provoked disapproval among the judiciary and from the public; a correspondent wrote:

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for £350 a year, which he accepted. As well as mathematics, he taught geology, despite not having studied it; instead, he "read up on the night before". He found the job boring, and after viewing the

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of Plymouth on 17 February 1944. On 6 March 1944, while arguing a case in the House of Lords, Denning was taken aside by the Lord Chancellor and told that he wanted Denning to become a judge at the

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focus on his work, and graduated in 1920, placing in the first class of the Mathematical Greats (the final undergraduate examinations for the subject). He was offered a job teaching mathematics at

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he reversed a decision to give the children of a couple to the wife in a divorce case, believing that should the wife get custody of the children there would be no chance of saving the marriage.

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The English are no longer a homogeneous race. They are white and black, coloured and brown. They no longer share the same standards of conduct. Some of them come from countries where bribery and

1126:, who was known as a conservative and orthodox judge. Despite his reputation as a fiercely individual judge, Denning dissented in only 16% of cases he heard in the House of Lords; fewer than 574:, which he believed the doctor diagnosed because he was tired of sending young men off to die. He successfully appealed against the decision, and enlisted on 14 August 1917 as a cadet in the 920:

His appointment to the King's Bench Division allowed him to hear pension appeals, and he attempted to reform the principles applied by the government minister and the Pensions Tribunals. In

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was published in 1986; it was a collection of his favourite pieces of prose, and was subtitled "An English Anthology". He appeared in an episode of the children's television programme

1591:, helping to grant a thirteen-year-old girl's wish to be a barrister for a day. By 1989, his health was failing; he was suffering from dizzy spells, and after falling from a train at 2547: 1221:. In his judgment, Denning stated that the tort of trespass could only be used if the injury was inflicted intentionally; if it was unintentionally, only negligence could be used. 2351: 1480:

are accepted as an integral part of life and where stealing is a virtue so long as you are not found out… They will never accept the word of a policeman against one of their own.

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and his reform of divorce law. A common misconception is that most of his judgments were overturned in the House of Lords; many were, including the expansion to the doctrine of

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on 25 October 1948. As a Lord Justice of Appeal, he continued to make reforming judgments in a variety of areas, particularly in family law and the rights of deserted wives. In

3752:"The legal framework empowering children under 19 to make decisions in relation to their medical treatment examined through the prism of international human rights obligations" 827:, Denning volunteered; he was too old for active service, and was instead appointed legal advisor to the North East Region. In 1941, he acted for the respondent in the case of 5972: 3733: 2577: 773:

His work steadily increased in amount and quality throughout the 1920s and 1930s. By the 1930s, he was making most of his court appearances in the senior courts such as the

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along with Denning, and of the three only one had ever practiced divorce law. His work as a divorce judge was relatively sound; his decisions were overturned only once, in

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resolved with a full replacement in March 1983, although a fall later that year forced him to stay at home for six weeks. With free time on his hands Denning spoke in the

5962: 789:. In 1932, he moved to his own set of chambers in Brick Court, and by 1936 he was earning over £3,000 a year (roughly £200,000 a year in 2020). A significant case was 523:, but was advised to stay at school and apply to Oxford or Cambridge in a few years. He sat the Oxbridge examination when he was sixteen and was awarded a £30 a year 4713: 4133: 1984: 1537: 1459:(who were later acquitted), Denning judged that the men should be stopped from challenging legal decisions. He listed several reasons for not allowing their appeal: 63: 4650: 2599: 699:

Denning gained a high grade in all his subjects except jurisprudence, which he described as "too abstract a subject for my liking". He did not return to read for a

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As well as his work as a barrister and judge, Denning was involved in supporting student law societies and other groups; at various times he was Vice-President of

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in January 1963 but Profumo, still insisting that he had done nothing wrong, forced them to back down with threats of legal action should the story be published.

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on 17 November 1917. Although he was old enough to serve in the armed forces, regulations meant that he was not allowed to serve in France until he was nineteen.

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The Royal Courts of Justice, where Denning sat between 1944 and 1956 in the High Court and Court of Appeal and again from 1962 to 1982 as Master of the Rolls

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to give Denning a £30 a year scholarship. Despite military training in the early morning and evening, Denning worked hard at his studies, and obtained a

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Fam 72 in 1973, which created basic rules for dividing family assets in a divorce case, something which had not previously been established in the law.

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The law does not leave the claimant without remedy by allowing him to recover the economic losses that are directly consequential upon physical damage.

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on 15 January 1938. The appointments were announced on 7 April; he "took silk" on 9 April and received letters of congratulation from, among others,

1452:. Denning granted a temporary injunction, and years later wrote of "bad workers" (who joined the boycott) and "good workers" (who worked normally). 6012: 5621: 1500: 4275: 4162: 1648:

He celebrated his 100th birthday in Whitchurch on 23 January 1999, receiving telegrams from both the Queen and Queen Mother. A male choir sang "

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and Paris and Denning's unit was sent to France to help stop the advance. Under continuous shell fire for three months, the company and the

5927: 5626: 5606: 5566: 5306: 1119:. Many members of the judiciary and the Bar approved of his appointment, but he was warned that he should move slowly to reform the court. 476: 113: 2539: 1437:

In 1979, he began to experience hip and leg problems; one of his legs had shortened an inch and a half and he had to learn to walk again.

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AC 1175 in 1965, which ruled that the deserted wife had no licence to stay. The decision was very unpopular and led to the passing of the

5877: 1983:, but they let many judgments stand and on occasion agreed with his judgment in situations where he dissented, such as in his final case 1696: 3940: 5977: 5872: 2343: 1046:, regarded as a "brilliant advancement to the law of negligent misstatements" and which was later approved of by the House of Lords in 414:

in 1962, a position he held for twenty years. In retirement he wrote several books and continued to offer opinions on the state of the

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Throughout his career, Denning travelled abroad to lecture and learn more about other legal systems. In 1954, he was sponsored by the

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on 4 November 1921, choosing it because the Under Treasurer was a graduate of Magdalen College. On the advice of his brother's friend

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said that Denning was "probably the greatest English judge of modern times". One of Lord Denning's successors as Master of the Rolls,

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The couple moved to London in 1933 but the city at the time was sooty and foggy. This affected Mary's health, and after treatment at

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in the Probate, Divorce and Admiralty Division. Denning accepted, and the announcement was made before the conclusion of the appeal.

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by the University of Oxford. In 1977, he was awarded with an honorary doctorate in the Netherlands, by Tilburg Law School, part of

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Denning, along with his older brother Gordon, began his schooling at the National School of Whitchurch, one of many set up by the

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in 1945, Denning was transferred to the King's Bench Division, where Jowitt thought his talents would be better put to use (with

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It would be unfair to place the entire weight of many comparatively small losses upon the shoulders of one person in such cases.

831:

AC 308, an important New Zealand constitutional case before the Privy Council, which held that treaty duties (specifically, the

5957: 5611: 5257: 1712: 1672: 1345: 1325: 429: 1256:

If claims for pure economic loss in such cases were allowed, it might lead to countless claims, some of which may be spurious.

483:. Denning was born two months earlier than expected and almost died at birth; he was so small and weak that he was nicknamed ' 6007: 5902: 5581: 5576: 5526: 5401: 5215: 5196: 5177: 5132: 5096: 5073: 5047: 5026: 5007: 4988: 4969: 4950: 4016: 3854: 2269: 2215: 2165: 2142: 1496: 1112: 704: 5942: 1941:

Denning's style was consistently unique and regularly discussed by appellate judges. In the appeal of Denning's final case,

5917: 5596: 5521: 5289: 5151: 3556: 2319: 1700: 1143: 1127: 1020: 812: 180: 155: 101: 4658: 4124: 2607: 5496: 5441: 5431: 1728: 1123: 1092: 463:, to Charles Denning, a draper, and his wife Clara Denning (née Thompson). He was one of six children; his older brother 407: 143: 5887: 4348: 1065:

2 AER 131 altered the grounds on which hospital staff could be found negligent, a legal precedent he himself had set in

5329: 3806: 1353: 1042: 914: 835:) could be legally enforced only when they are incorporated into Acts of Parliament. In 1942, Denning took the case of 502:, where Denning excelled academically, winning four prizes for English essays on the subjects of "The Great Authors", " 5997: 5967: 5761: 5541: 5506: 5471: 5356: 5235: 3639: 3075: 2523: 2242: 2188: 2115: 2096: 2069: 1748: 1717: 781:, and that he should leave this work for lesser members of the chambers. In 1929, he helped edit several chapters of 724: 3969: 2131: 2058: 1747:, and in May gave the thirty-third Earl Grey Memorial Lecture at King's College, University of Durham (now, part of 6002: 5641: 5591: 5546: 5511: 5037: 3715: 2231: 1541:

2 AC 803 and, characteristically, dissented, though the House of Lords would later unanimously uphold his dissent.

1182: 961: 735:. He finished his final exam in May 1923 and came top in the bar examination, with the Inn awarding him a 100 551: 6017: 5840: 5531: 3657:"When can the Child Speak for Herself? The Limits of Parental Consent in Data Protection Law for Health Research" 1860: 1735:. The success of these lectures led to his being invited to speak at many more events; in early 1950 he spoke at 1653: 1592: 887: 520: 239: 17: 4784: 2204: 2177: 1819:

In January 1964, Denning and his wife Joan travelled to India and Pakistan, visiting cities such as Madras (now

5922: 5561: 5486: 5406: 1942: 1844: 1813: 602: 359: 49: 5937: 5912: 5892: 5812: 5322: 3455:"Spartan Steel and Alloys Ltd. v Martin & Co (Contractors) Ltd. [1972] EWCA Civ 3 (22 June 1972)" 1684: 1558:

and bills designed to allow the administration of companies in financial difficulties. During debates on the

820: 808: 791: 5681: 1528: 1441: 1209:

case against Cooper, claiming damages for her injuries. The standard tort for personal injuries is that of

1168: 555: 352: 45: 5106:

Oughton, David (1987). "Liability in tort for economic loss suffered by the consumer of defective goods".

660:

Magdalen College, Oxford, where Denning studied between 1916 and 1918, 1919 and 1920 and from 1921 to 1922

5586: 1848: 1096: 839:

2 KB 293, which changed the law to make hospitals liable for the professional negligence of their staff.

804: 614: 120: 621:

and was in hospital for the last few days of the war. When writing of his experiences in World War I in

5907: 5788: 4265: 1736: 1292: 1016: 399: 5231: 2258: 1253:

A blackout is a common hazard and a risk which everyone can be expected to tolerate from time to time.

743:

on 13 June 1923, and was offered a tenancy by O'Hagan. His first few years were spent receiving small

625:, Denning summed up his war service with characteristic pithiness in just four words: "I did my bit". 5952: 5466: 5371: 3065: 1744: 1688: 1559: 1520: 870:

Denning was officially appointed on 7 March 1944 with a salary of £5,000, and received the customary

708: 391: 2019:, but she recovered and the couple were married on 28 December 1932, with the wedding officiated by 1299:, a showgirl, and began having an affair with her. At the same time, she was in a relationship with 965:(1876–77) LR 2 App Cas 439 and has been both praised and criticised by lawyers and legal theorists. 5616: 5411: 2629: 2461: 2085: 1804: 1800: 1752: 1489: 1341: 1246:

reasons, Denning would not allow the recovery of pure economic loss, stating in his judgment that:

1061: 539: 528: 524: 319: 4049: 4008: 5674: 2039:

in 1941, and after an initial recovery had a haemorrhage on 21 November, dying the next morning.

1966: 1692: 1445: 1174: 435:

Denning became one of the highest profile judges in England in part because of his report on the

1803:

and was elected an honorary member, followed by a trip to Canada a year later as a guest of the

1751:), on the influence of religion on law. Towards the end of his judicial career he gave the 1980 1711:, Denning became the chairman of the organisation in 1952. In 1953, he was elected President of 5804: 5636: 5536: 5446: 5396: 2020: 1243: 1214: 1000: 982: 843: 749: 583: 499: 395: 162: 4898: 1492:

wrote to the Lord Chancellor to request that Denning "politely and firmly" be made to retire.

609:, with a unit under Denning's command building a bridge to allow infantry to advance over the 5556: 5481: 5476: 5451: 5416: 5381: 5376: 5253: 4912: 4192: 2024: 1740: 1664: 1649: 1638:

to express my gratitude to those of that origin who came and have done so much for England."

1348:, saying that it would mean condemning a man on the basis of suspicion rather than evidence. 1104: 1019:. Much of his work in favour of the deserted wife was based around his interpretation of the 851: 774: 736: 700: 685: 633: 491:

by his sister Marjorie, and was baptised on 23 April 1899 at All Hallows Church, Whitchurch.

460: 387: 223: 4460: 4378: 3277: 3257: 3216: 3115: 2909: 2889: 2860: 2813: 1770:

in 1982, making him the only person to be elected a Bencher or Honorary Bencher of all four

846:. This was regarded as a 'trial' for membership of the judiciary, and Denning was appointed 5867: 5862: 5726: 3656: 2046:

Denning spoke with a rural Hampshire accent throughout his life, which made him stand out.

1901: 1808: 1758:

In addition to being a Bencher of Lincoln's Inn in 1944 he was made an Honorary Bencher of

1300: 1187: 1155: 1076: 952: 766: 480: 36: 1743:. In February 1953 he gave a speech on 'the need for a new equity' to the Bentham Club at 1404:

which remains the definitive case on children's rights, with leading judge for that case,

8: 5796: 5461: 5345: 5296: 2011: 1795: 1775: 1358: 1147: 956: 895: 411: 78: 5263: 5239: 4859: 4745: 3996: 1449: 1304: 5932: 5819: 5516: 4886: 4465: 4383: 4197: 3941:"Local Government Act 1986 (Amendment) Bill [H.L.] (Hansard, 18 December 1986)" 3691: 3282: 3262: 3221: 3120: 2914: 2894: 2865: 2818: 2634: 2466: 1970: 1779: 1671:

on 17 June 1999; among the tributes received, one was from the Lord Chief Justice

1532: 1400: 1239: 1231: 832: 666: 575: 559: 4420: 3454: 3404: 3349: 842:

In December 1943, a judge was taken ill, and Denning was asked to take his place as a

785:

and in 1932 acted as a supervising editor for the 9th edition of Bullen & Leake's

711:; he failed to be accepted, something he put down to his poor pronunciation of Latin. 5741: 5366: 5211: 5192: 5173: 5147: 5128: 5111: 5092: 5069: 5043: 5022: 5003: 4984: 4965: 4946: 4867: 4583: 4012: 3915: 3850: 3802: 3696: 3635: 3071: 2519: 2265: 2238: 2211: 2184: 2161: 2138: 2111: 2092: 2065: 2031: 1873: 1854:

In August 1969, he travelled to Fiji to arbitrate in a dispute between a majority of

1840: 1783: 1708: 1668: 1555: 1504: 1363: 1131: 1025: 816: 689: 674: 637: 594: 587: 425: 379: 366: 53: 1250:

Statutory utility providers are never liable for damages caused by their negligence.

752:(which they were legally obliged to do). He wrote his first article in 1924 titled " 5756: 5746: 5731: 5716: 5436: 5273: 4232: 4158: 4004: 3686: 3676: 3668: 3612: 2297: 2275: 2221: 2194: 2148: 2121: 2075: 1855: 1828: 1704: 1587: 1566:, Denning boasted of having sentenced men to prison for “the abominable offence of 1477: 1333: 1317: 1296: 1218: 1206: 847: 824: 796: 720: 692:, by correctly answering questions on the Law of Property Act which had been given 656: 488: 464: 324: 4251: 1230:

1 QB 27 in 1973 he delivered a leading judgment on the subject of the recovery of

570:

Denning was told he would be ineligible to serve in the Armed Forces because of a

5391: 5361: 4631:

Henn-Collins' 'untoward fate' was his early retirement due to heart difficulties.

4270: 4128: 2248: 1832: 1724: 1675:, who described Denning as "the best-known and best loved judge in our history". 1200: 1122:

Denning did not enjoy his time in the House of Lords and clashed frequently with

891: 871: 740: 628:

Denning's oldest brother, Captain John Edward Newdigate Denning, was killed near

579: 515: 383: 375: 5246:

1963 Denning Report – Parliament & the 1960s – UK Parliament Living Heritage

5085: 3598:"Lord Denning as a champion of Children's Rights: The Legacy of Hewer v. Bryant" 3597: 3548: 1186:

2 QB 163 in 1971 the Court of Appeal under Denning ruled that when dealing with

648:. Denning would describe his dead brothers as the best of him and his siblings. 5697: 5426: 4236: 1959: 1926: 1642: 1613: 1609: 1551: 1456: 1417: 1284: 931: 753: 543: 507: 472: 448: 444: 436: 419: 4163:"Joshua Rozenberg on Lord Denning: Worthy of his law student favourite crown?" 1707:. After being made aware of the Le Court charity for invalid ex-servicemen by 5856: 5751: 5501: 5456: 5421: 5386: 5115: 4871: 3919: 1887: 1771: 1763: 1759: 1604: 1516: 1508: 1485: 1190:

between a person and an automated machine the offer was made by the machine.

1054: 728: 681: 532: 3908:"Britain cannot stay silent as LGBT rights are rolled back across the world" 3672: 3350:"D & C Builders Ltd v Rees [1965] EWCA Civ 3 (12 November 1965)" 1843:. In 1969, he again travelled to India, this time on an official visit with 1420:, a journalist who had worked on a story which referred to the existence of 1079:

in an instantaneous or near-instantaneous method of communication; like the

636:. His brother, Sub-Lieutenant Charles Gordon Denning, who saw action in the 5736: 5721: 5711: 5646: 3700: 2016: 1767: 1634: 1599: 1567: 1308: 1295:

with the British government. At a party in 1961, Profumo was introduced to

1288: 1108: 898:

QC, later a High Court judge, greeting him with the words "welcome home").

778: 693: 670: 571: 468: 4221: 3616: 1965:

Denning made sweeping changes to the Common Law, with the resurrection of

862: 5771: 1116: 1004: 904: 744: 629: 610: 511: 3681: 1958:

With his judgments on war pensions and his role in the enquiry into the

1130:, who dissented 22% of the time. On 9 May 1960, Denning was appointed a 777:; in 1932 he was advised by his clerk that he should not be seen in the 542:

worth £50 a year. After arriving he made a favourable impression on Sir

5314: 2311: 2036: 1563: 1444:'s anti-apartheid boycott of postal services to and from South Africa, 1235: 1210: 1029:

AC 777 in 1970. Further notable decisions by Denning in this area were

641: 606: 415: 311: 243: 3734:"Gillick v West Norfolk and Wisbech Area Health Authority and another" 1595:

he was advised he should not visit London again unless he was driven.

546:, the president of Magdalen College, who upgraded the exhibition to a 2001: 938:

courts were not sitting; Denning heard all 73 cases on 11 July 1946.

618: 538:

In addition to his Magdalen Scholarship he gained a scholarship from

484: 440: 382:

in 1938. Denning became a judge in 1944 when he was appointed to the

371: 5208:

Freedom under the Law: Lord Denning as Master of the Rolls 1962–1982

2305: 1624:

Grave of Denning and his wife Joan in Whitchurch Cemetery, Hampshire

1362:

as a supplement and was described as "the raciest and most readable

913:

and led to Denning being invited in 1949 to become President of the

874:

on 15 March 1944. After becoming a judge Denning was also elected a

1657: 732: 547: 4858:

Dyer, Clare; Dyer, By Clare; Correspondent, Legal (6 March 1999).

3773:

R v Secretary of State for the Home Department, ex parte Hosenball

680:

On the advice of Herbert Warren, he returned to Magdalen to study

398:

in 1948 after less than five years in the High Court. He became a

5666: 1836: 1820: 1488:

in Bristol; two jurors on the case threatened to sue him and the

875: 1620: 1617:

that the integrity of the English judicial system be impugned."

3458: 3408: 3353: 1824: 1554:

on matters that interested him, supporting an amendment to the

1040:

In 1951, he gave a significant dissenting judgment in the case

981:

After less than five years as a judge, Denning was appointed a

598: 1398:

This judgement was subsequently cited in the landmark case of

684:

in October 1921. Thanks to Warren, Denning was elected to the

4860:"Lord Denning, controversial 'people's judge', dies aged 100" 4746:"Lord Denning, controversial 'people's judge', dies aged 100" 1703:. From 1950 he acted as an administrator and fund-raiser for 1629:

reaffirmed it: 'Look him up – you'll see he was a German Jew.

1408:

saying that he agreed "with every word" of Denning's ruling.

640:, died of tuberculosis on 24 May 1918 after serving with the 586:. He trained at Newark and was temporarily commissioned as a 1573:

In 1983, he published the final volume of his autobiography

1598:

In the summer of 1990, he agreed to a taped interview with

1421: 5254:"Archival material relating to Tom Denning, Baron Denning" 3846:

The Racialisation of Disorder in Twentieth Century Britain

3405:"Letang v Cooper [1964] EWCA Civ 5 (15 June 1964)" 1667:, in the local churchyard. A memorial service was held at 1154:

ways to reduce the archive of legal documents kept by the

562:, the first half of his mathematics degree, in June 1917. 5189:

The Last of England: Lord Denning's Englishry and the Law

4689:

George Mitchell (Chesterhall) Ltd v Finney Lock Seeds Ltd

2344:"Lord Denning, the century's greatest judge, dies at 100" 1538:

George Mitchell (Chesterhall) Ltd v Finney Lock Seeds Ltd

4419:. Newcastle University. 14 February 2008. Archived from 1807:, where he was awarded an honorary law doctorate by the 1401:

Gillick v West Norfolk and Wisbech Area Health Authority

944:

Central London Property Trust Ltd v High Trees House Ltd

4316: 4314: 1329:

resignation to the Prime Minister, which was accepted.

1217:, and Letang instead claimed damages under the tort of 5948:

Members of the Judicial Committee of the Privy Council

3101: 3099: 1275:

3 All ER 201 that pure economic loss was recoverable.

1103:, of Whitchurch in the County of Southampton; for the 5973:

People associated with Birkbeck, University of London

4857: 2665: 2663: 1049:

Hedley Byrne & Co Ltd v Heller & Partners Ltd

787:

Precedents for Pleadings in the King's Bench Division

4311: 2972: 2970: 2287: 1739:

and in June spoke at the Holdsworth Club meeting at

1227:

Spartan Steel and Alloys Ltd v. Martin & Co. Ltd

1023:, which the House of Lords unanimously overruled in 3096: 2513: 2337: 2335: 5963:Members of the Privy Council of the United Kingdom 5084: 4220: 2660: 2257: 2230: 2203: 2176: 2130: 2084: 2057: 2035:Close. Their son was born in 1938. Mary developed 1075:2 QB 327 implemented a way to judge the moment of 829:Hoani te Heuheu vs Aotea District Maori Land Board 487:' and could fit in a pint pot. He was named after 2967: 370:(23 January 1899 – 5 March 1999), was an English 5854: 4785:"S4,1a Beaumont JWF 1963, S4,2a Denning AT 1964" 3716:"Children's rights legal digest – December 2021" 2332: 1356:to buy copies. The full report was published in 481:Deputy Chief of the Defence Staff (Intelligence) 5125:The Cartel: Lawyers and their Nine Magic Tricks 1900:repeatedly warned about overwork. Fellow judge 5983:Probate, Divorce and Admiralty Division judges 5170:Fiat Justitia: Lord Denning and the Common Law 4962:Investigative Journalism: Context and Practice 2470:(Supplement). 30 November 1917. p. 12634. 811:, and from 1942 to 1944 was Chancellor of the 756:and the Statute of Frauds" on the decision in 496:National Society for the Education of the Poor 5682: 5330: 4125:"If only Lord Denning had died at seventy..." 2638:(Supplement). 7 December 1920. p. 12149. 1641:On 25 November 1997, he was appointed to the 1011:This was effectively nullified with the case 632:on 26 September 1916 whilst serving with the 5270:Works by or about Tom Denning, Baron Denning 5021:. George Weidenfeld & Nicolson Limited. 4328: 4326: 4231:(online ed.). Oxford University Press. 3794: 2710:"Eldon Scholarship Award Holders since 1919" 1827:, meeting eminent jurists and speaking with 418:through his writing and his position in the 3795:Elliott, Catherine; Quinn, Frances (2007). 1697:Council for the Protection of Rural England 1416:In 1977, Denning upheld the deportation of 5689: 5675: 5337: 5323: 5262: 5238: 5063: 4153: 4151: 3905: 1432: 1069:in 1942. In 1955, his leading judgment in 795:2 KB 394, where he successfully argued an 739:a year studentship of three years. He was 378:of England and Wales in 1923 and became a 91:19 April 1962 – 29 September 1982 62: 4525: 4523: 4521: 4342: 4340: 4338: 4323: 4157: 4009:10.1093/acprof:oso/9780198762027.003.0007 3690: 3680: 3629: 1499:held a dinner in Denning's honour at the 985:on 14 October 1948. He was sworn in as a 677:decided he would like to be a barrister. 454: 443:. He commented controversially about the 5344: 5205: 5186: 5167: 5082: 4959: 4826: 4824: 4699: 4697: 4618: 4616: 4459: 4377: 4214: 4212: 4210: 4208: 4191: 3994: 3863: 3632:Revisiting Landmark Cases in Medical Law 3484: 3482: 3480: 3276: 3256: 3243: 3241: 3215: 3114: 3063: 2993: 2991: 2908: 2888: 2859: 2812: 2712:. Oxford University. 16 September 2015. 2628: 2500: 2498: 2460: 2402: 2400: 2000: 1619: 1095:in 1956, Denning was offered a job as a 1072:Entores Ltd v Miles Far East Corporation 1013:National Provincial Bank Ltd v Ainsworth 861: 655: 6013:Honorary Fellows of the British Academy 5232:Portraits of Tom Denning, Baron Denning 5122: 5105: 4997: 4978: 4940: 4703: 4295: 4293: 4228:Oxford Dictionary of National Biography 4148: 3595: 3543: 3541: 3539: 2772: 2770: 2733: 2731: 2695: 2693: 2488: 2486: 2383:The A–Z Guide to Modern British History 2341: 2255: 2228: 2201: 2174: 2155: 2128: 2105: 2082: 2055: 1663:Denning was buried in his home town of 1544: 459:Denning was born on 23 January 1899 in 384:Probate, Divorce and Admiralty Division 292: 1945; died 1992) 271: 1932; died 1941) 14: 5855: 5141: 5016: 4737: 4657:. London. 6 March 1999. Archived from 4532: 4518: 4346: 4335: 4060:from the original on 16 September 2016 4047: 3849:. Taylor & Francis. pp. 8–9. 3713: 3654: 3050: 3048: 2580:from the original on 26 September 2020 2550:from the original on 26 September 2020 2447: 2445: 2435: 2433: 2423: 2421: 1713:Birkbeck College, University of London 1484:His remarks followed a trial over the 1346:Attorney-General for England and Wales 1137: 703:(BCL) but instead attempted to gain a 467:later became a staff officer with the 348:Alfred Thompson Denning, Baron Denning 5883:British Army personnel of World War I 5670: 5318: 5035: 4821: 4791:from the original on 10 November 2021 4694: 4613: 4568: 4278:from the original on 18 December 2013 4205: 3970:"Delicate question of judging Judges" 3749: 3714:Willow, Carolyne (21 December 2021). 3559:from the original on 29 November 2011 3477: 3449: 3447: 3445: 3443: 3441: 3439: 3399: 3397: 3395: 3393: 3344: 3342: 3340: 3338: 3238: 2988: 2495: 2397: 1755:on the subject of "Misuse of Power". 1720:in 1962, resigning in December 1982. 1278: 1198:Denning gave the leading judgment in 1166:Denning gave the leading judgment in 902:July, which reduced the time between 5068:(7th ed.). Palgrave Macmillan. 4743: 4482: 4359:from the original on 26 January 2012 4290: 4218: 3842: 3536: 2767: 2728: 2716:from the original on 9 December 2017 2690: 2483: 2320:List of cases involving Lord Denning 1701:Glasgow University Dialectic Society 1448:sought an injunction to prevent the 1411: 1373: 1283:Denning delivered a report into the 402:in 1957 and after five years in the 27:English lawyer and judge (1899–1999) 5928:Fellows of Magdalen College, Oxford 4756:from the original on 16 August 2016 4173:from the original on 24 August 2021 4136:from the original on 24 August 2021 3634:. Abingdon: Routledge. p. 58. 3045: 2442: 2430: 2418: 1913:And when you feel you must sit late 1789: 1378:In 1969, Denning heard the case of 1043:Candler v Crane, Christmas & Co 651: 550:of £80 a year and arranged for the 24: 5878:Alumni of Magdalen College, Oxford 5696: 5161: 5144:Lord Denning: Life, Law and Legacy 4201:. 28 November 1997. p. 13399. 3436: 3390: 3335: 2702: 1729:Senate House, University of London 1266:The Court of Appeal's decision in 976: 955:. It resurrected the principle of 915:National Marriage Guidance Council 25: 6029: 5978:People from Whitchurch, Hampshire 5873:Military personnel from Hampshire 5236:National Portrait Gallery, London 5225: 5210:. Cambridge Scholars Publishing. 5191:. Cambridge Scholars Publishing. 5172:. Cambridge Scholars Publishing. 4941:Denning, Alfred Thompson (1983). 4787:. Baz Manning. 11 February 2010. 3906:Thornberry, Emily (6 July 2018). 3084:from the original on 8 March 2021 2869:. 29 February 1944. p. 1015. 2381:Mark Garnett and Richard Weight, 2256:Denning, Alfred Thompson (1984). 2229:Denning, Alfred Thompson (1983). 2202:Denning, Alfred Thompson (1982). 2175:Denning, Alfred Thompson (1981). 2156:Denning, Alfred Thompson (1980). 2129:Denning, Alfred Thompson (1979). 2106:Denning, Alfred Thompson (1955). 2083:Denning, Alfred Thompson (1953). 2056:Denning, Alfred Thompson (1949). 1986:George Mitchell (Chesterhall) Ltd 1866: 1718:Historical Manuscripts Commission 1455:In 1980, during an appeal by the 1086: 1021:Married Women's Property Act 1882 764:2 KB 723; it was accepted by the 5655: 4905: 4851: 4842: 4833: 4812: 4803: 4777: 4768: 4728: 4706:"The Law Explored: Lord Denning" 4704:Slapper, Gary (29 August 2007). 4682: 4673: 4643: 4634: 4625: 4604: 4595: 4577: 4559: 4550: 4541: 4509: 4500: 4491: 4473: 4453: 4444: 4435: 4409: 4400: 4391: 4387:. 4 February 1983. p. 1699. 4371: 4302: 4258: 4185: 4117: 4108: 4099: 4090: 4081: 4072: 4050:"A benchmark of British justice" 4048:Sedley, Stephen (6 March 1999). 4041: 4032: 3988: 3962: 3933: 3899: 3890: 3881: 3872: 3836: 3827: 3815:from the original on 5 July 2014 3801:. Pearson Longman. p. 157. 3788: 3779: 3750:Stone, Christopher (June 2010). 3549:"Lord's century: Denning at 100" 3415:from the original on 12 May 2015 3360:from the original on 14 May 2015 3124:. 15 October 1948. p. 5445. 2354:from the original on 11 May 2019 2304: 2290: 1996: 1687:Law Society and a patron of the 1324:Profumo made a statement in the 1183:Thornton v Shoe Lane Parking Ltd 962:Hughes v Metropolitan Railway Co 951:case), which was a milestone in 783:Smith's Leading Cases (13th ed.) 552:Worshipful Company of Goldsmiths 498:. Both boys won scholarships to 5898:Deputy lieutenants of Hampshire 4934: 4716:from the original on 5 May 2013 4347:Heward, Edmund (6 March 1999). 3997:"The Morality of Public Office" 3765: 3743: 3726: 3707: 3648: 3623: 3589: 3580: 3571: 3527: 3518: 3509: 3500: 3491: 3465:from the original on 7 May 2015 3427: 3381: 3372: 3326: 3317: 3308: 3299: 3290: 3270: 3250: 3229: 3209: 3200: 3191: 3182: 3173: 3164: 3155: 3146: 3137: 3128: 3108: 3057: 3036: 3027: 3018: 3009: 3000: 2979: 2958: 2949: 2940: 2931: 2922: 2902: 2882: 2873: 2853: 2844: 2835: 2826: 2806: 2797: 2788: 2779: 2758: 2749: 2740: 2681: 2672: 2651: 2642: 2622: 2592: 2562: 2532: 2507: 2474: 2454: 2049: 1919:But sit next morning at eleven 1917:Don't go on sitting until seven 1911:And always rise in time for tea 1909:My brother pray be warned by me 1861:Foreign and Commonwealth Office 1723:In 1949, he gave the inaugural 1654:Royal Hampshire County Hospital 1354:Her Majesty's Stationery Office 1161: 770:and published in January 1925. 593:In March 1918, the German Army 521:University College, Southampton 289: 268: 240:Royal Hampshire County Hospital 175:12 October 1948 – 1957 114:The Lord Donaldson of Lymington 5146:. Wildy, Simmonds & Hill. 3655:Taylor, Mark J (Summer 2018). 3286:. 20 April 1962. p. 3276. 3225:. 26 April 1957. p. 2519. 2918:. 17 March 1944. p. 1285. 2898:. 10 March 1944. p. 1174. 2606:. 6 March 1999. Archived from 2409: 2388: 2375: 2366: 2091:. London: Stevens & Sons. 2064:. London: Stevens & Sons. 1814:Hebrew University of Jerusalem 1699:and Honorary President of the 1513:Lord Hailsham of St Marylebone 603:38th (Welsh) Infantry Division 565: 477:Director of Naval Intelligence 13: 1: 5988:Queen's Bench Division judges 5958:Members of the Order of Merit 5813:The Trial of Christine Keeler 2822:. 8 April 1938. p. 2322. 2342:Burrell, Ian (6 March 1999). 2325: 1786:of Hampshire on 2 June 1978. 1678: 1169:D & C Builders Ltd v Rees 857: 803:From 1937 until 1944, he was 727:he applied to 4 Brick Court, 133:24 April 1957 – 1962 6008:20th-century English lawyers 5903:Deputy lieutenants of Sussex 4960:de Burgh, Hugo, ed. (2000). 4744:Dyer, Clare (6 March 1999). 4469:. 6 June 1978. p. 6849. 4252:UK public library membership 3266:. 17 May 1960. p. 3468. 2514:Denning, Alfred Tom (1982). 1882:where his judgment started: 1695:, Honorary President of the 1442:Union of Post Office Workers 927:James v Minister of Pensions 922:Starr v Ministry of Pensions 617:, but Denning fell ill with 193:7 March 1944 – 1948 7: 5993:20th-century King's Counsel 5918:20th-century English judges 5841:Well he would, wouldn't he? 5307:Lord Donaldson of Lymington 4979:Elliott, Catherine (2007). 4417:"History of the University" 3995:Marshall, Geoffrey (1987). 3630:Pattinson, Shaun D (2019). 2283: 1577:and a year later published 1193: 1067:Gold v Essex County Council 837:Gold v Essex County Council 10: 6034: 5789:The Christine Keeler Story 5206:Stephens, Charles (2009). 5187:Stephens, Charles (2009). 5168:Stephens, Charles (2009). 5000:Lord Denning – A Life 4349:"Obituaries: Lord Denning" 4222:"Denning, Alfred Thompson" 3776:, ruling on 29 March 1977. 3759:CA Stone Medical And Legal 3070:. Allen Lane. p. 11. 1737:University College, Dublin 1685:Queen's University Belfast 1293:Secretary of State for War 1017:Matrimonial Homes Act 1967 792:L'Estrange v F Graucob Ltd 714: 605:held their section of the 471:, and his younger brother 400:Lord of Appeal in Ordinary 121:Lord of Appeal in Ordinary 5832: 5780: 5704: 5653: 5352: 5303: 5294: 5286: 5281: 5064:McKendrick, Ewan (2007). 5019:Lord Denning: A Biography 4266:"'People's Judge' buried" 2570:"Casualty Details | CWGC" 2540:"Casualty Details | CWGC" 1949: 1915:Remember my untoward fate 1774:. In 1963, he was made a 1745:University College London 1689:Legal Research Foundation 1560:Local Government Act 1986 1213:, which has a three-year 1091:After the resignation of 823:. After the start of the 815:. He applied to become a 709:All Souls College, Oxford 578:before being sent to the 390:, and transferred to the 341: 333: 310: 302: 249: 229: 206: 201: 197: 186: 179: 168: 161: 149: 137: 126: 119: 107: 95: 84: 77: 73: 61: 34: 5998:Royal Engineers officers 5968:British men centenarians 5943:Members of Lincoln's Inn 4774:McKendrick (2007) p. 223 3596:Bainham, Andrew (1999). 3378:McKendrick (2007) p. 380 3197:McKendrick (2007) p. 114 3188:McKendrick (2007) p. 113 3033:McKendrick (2007) p. 118 2005:Denning's shield of arms 1886:Old Peter Beswick was a 1805:Canadian Bar Association 1801:American Bar Association 1753:Richard Dimbleby Lecture 1581:. His final book titled 1490:Society of Black Lawyers 1083:case it is still valid. 1062:Roe v Minister of Health 886:With the appointment of 719:Denning was admitted to 696:only a few days before. 540:Hampshire County Council 529:Magdalen College, Oxford 527:to study mathematics at 320:Magdalen College, Oxford 6003:Lord Justices of Appeal 5108:Journal of Business Law 5083:Mortimer, John (1984). 5017:Heward, Edmund (1990). 3387:McKendrick (2007) p. 42 3206:McKendrick (2007) p. 43 3064:Mortimer, John (1983). 2480:Freeman (1993) p. 5, 54 1980:Securicor Transport Ltd 1693:Society of Genealogists 1446:The Freedom Association 1433:Illness and controversy 1175:accord and satisfaction 1124:Gavin, Viscount Simonds 941:In 1947, he decided in 514:". The outbreak of the 394:in 1945. He was made a 211:Alfred Thompson Denning 6018:Lawyers from Hampshire 5888:English King's Counsel 5142:Wilson, James (2023). 5123:Whitton, Evan (1988). 4998:Freeman, Iris (1993). 4237:10.1093/ref:odnb/72037 4114:de Burgh (2000) p. 117 3843:Rowe, Michael (2017). 2158:The Due Process of Law 2110:. Stevens & Sons. 2021:Cecil Henry Boutflower 2006: 1922: 1893: 1656:, where he died of an 1625: 1583:Leaves from my Library 1482: 1468:In 1982, he published 1466: 1430: 1396: 1307:at the embassy of the 1273:Junior Books v Veitchi 1219:trespass to the person 1215:statute of limitations 1033:1 WLR 342 in 1971 and 1009: 983:Lord Justice of Appeal 867: 844:Commissioner of Assize 750:Public Carriage Office 661: 584:Officer Training Corps 500:Andover Grammar School 455:Early life and studies 396:Lord Justice of Appeal 163:Lord Justice of Appeal 5923:English legal writers 5127:. E & N Whitton. 5042:. Willan Publishing. 4983:. Pearson Education. 4848:Freeman (1993) p. 415 4734:Freeman (1993) p. 223 4679:Freeman (1993) p. 347 4565:Freeman (1993) p. 329 4556:Freeman (1993) p. 328 4547:Freeman (1993) p. 327 4538:Freeman (1993) p. 323 4529:Freeman (1993) p. 315 4515:Freeman (1993) p. 299 4506:Freeman (1993) p. 262 4497:Freeman (1993) p. 252 4479:Freeman (1993) p. 228 4450:Freeman (1993) p. 313 4441:Freeman (1993) p. 385 4406:Freeman (1993) p. 212 4397:Freeman (1993) p. 200 4332:Freeman (1993) p. 304 4320:Freeman (1993) p. 227 4308:Freeman (1993) p. 217 4219:Goff, Robert (2004). 4105:Whitton (1988) p. 117 4096:Freeman (1993) p. 413 4087:Freeman (1993) p. 412 4078:Freeman (1993) p. 411 4038:Freeman (1993) p. 410 3896:Freeman (1993) p. 407 3887:Freeman (1993) p. 400 3869:Freeman (1993) p. 393 3833:Freeman (1993) p. 392 3785:Freeman (1993) p. 384 3673:10.1093/medlaw/fwx052 3617:10.5750/dlj.v14i1.281 3488:Oughton (1987) p. 374 3332:Freeman (1993) p. 309 3323:Freeman (1993) p. 308 3314:Freeman (1993) p. 306 3179:Freeman (1993) p. 208 3170:Freeman (1993) p. 366 3161:Freeman (1993) p. 365 3105:Freeman (1993) p. 232 3054:Freeman (1993) p. 231 3042:Freeman (1993) p. 181 3024:Freeman (1993) p. 171 3015:Freeman (1993) p. 170 2985:Freeman (1993) p. 176 2955:Freeman (1993) p. 150 2946:Freeman (1993) p. 147 2133:The Discipline of Law 2060:Freedom Under the Law 2025:Bishop of Southampton 2004: 1990:Finney Lock Seeds Ltd 1906: 1884: 1782:. He was appointed a 1741:Birmingham University 1733:Freedom under the Law 1650:Happy Birthday to You 1623: 1608:. They discussed the 1602:, to be published in 1474: 1461: 1426: 1385: 1031:Heseltine v Heseltine 996: 947:KB 130 (known as the 881:Churchman v Churchman 865: 852:High Court of Justice 775:High Court of Justice 701:Bachelor of Civil Law 686:Eldon Law Scholarship 659: 634:Lincolnshire Regiment 572:systolic heart murmur 461:Whitchurch, Hampshire 392:King's Bench Division 388:High Court of Justice 224:Whitchurch, Hampshire 5938:Masters of the Rolls 5913:English centenarians 5893:Burials in Hampshire 5346:Masters of the Rolls 5258:UK National Archives 4981:English legal system 4818:Freeman (1993) p. 99 4809:Freeman (1993) p. 67 4640:Heward (1990) p. 117 4622:Heward (1990) p. 116 4488:Heward (1990) p. 173 4299:Heward (1990) p. 122 3878:Denning (1983) p. 15 3798:English Legal System 3586:Heward (1990) p. 132 3577:Wilson (2023) p. 163 3533:Heward (1990) p. 131 3524:Heward (1990) p. 130 3515:Heward (1990) p. 129 3506:Heward (1990) p. 126 3497:Heward (1990) p. 125 3305:Wilson (2023) p. 135 3296:Heward (1990) p. 110 2850:Freeman (1993) p. 94 2764:Freeman (1993) p. 92 2687:Freeman (1993) p. 70 2669:Freeman (1993) p. 86 2657:Freeman (1993) p. 65 2648:Freeman (1993) p. 52 2451:Freeman (1993) p. 53 2439:Freeman (1993) p. 38 2415:Freeman (1993) p. 23 2372:Wilson (2023) p. 287 2260:Landmarks in the Law 2206:What Next in the Law 1976:Photo Production Ltd 1902:Stephen Henn-Collins 1809:University of Ottawa 1749:Newcastle University 1658:internal haemorrhage 1579:Landmarks in the Law 1545:Retirement and death 1470:What Next in the Law 1271:eventually ruled in 1188:offer and acceptance 1156:Public Record Office 1007:and don't come back. 953:English contract law 809:Diocese of Southwark 767:Law Quarterly Review 68:Lord Denning in 1977 37:The Right Honourable 5762:William, Lord Astor 5297:Master of the Rolls 5036:Hodge, Sue (2004). 4943:The Closing Chapter 4839:Heward (1990) p. 31 4830:Heward (1990) p. 17 4655:The Daily Telegraph 4610:Heward (1990) p. 80 4601:Heward (1990) p. 36 4574:Heward (1990) p. 27 4423:on 10 December 2007 4161:(23 January 2017). 4003:. pp. 95–110. 3555:. 23 January 1999. 3247:Heward (1990) p. 89 3235:Heward (1990) p. 86 3152:Heward (1990) p. 54 3143:Heward (1990) p. 52 3134:Heward (1990) p. 50 3006:Heward (1990) p. 45 2997:Heward (1990) p. 44 2976:Heward (1990) p. 40 2964:Heward (1990) p. 39 2937:Heward (1990) p. 35 2928:Heward (1990) p. 34 2879:Heward (1990) p. 33 2841:Wilson (2023) p. 61 2832:Heward (1990) p. 29 2803:Heward (1990) p. 26 2794:Wilson (2023) p. 47 2785:Heward (1990) p. 25 2776:Heward (1990) p. 22 2755:Heward (1990) p. 21 2746:Heward (1990) p. 20 2737:Heward (1990) p. 15 2699:Heward (1990) p. 14 2678:Heward (1990) p. 13 2504:Heward (1990) p. 12 2492:Heward (1990) p. 11 2427:Heward (1990) p. 10 2233:The Closing Chapter 2108:The Road to Justice 1796:Nuffield Foundation 1776:Doctor of Civil Law 1575:The Closing Chapter 1359:The Daily Telegraph 1148:Master of the Rolls 1138:Master of the Rolls 991:Bendall v McWhirter 957:promissory estoppel 896:Hildreth Glyn-Jones 535:to Oxford in 1916. 412:Master of the Rolls 79:Master of the Rolls 4897:has generic name ( 4651:"Lord Denning, OM" 4466:The London Gazette 4384:The London Gazette 4198:The London Gazette 3739:. 17 October 1985. 3661:Medical Law Review 3283:The London Gazette 3263:The London Gazette 3222:The London Gazette 3121:The London Gazette 2915:The London Gazette 2895:The London Gazette 2866:The London Gazette 2819:The London Gazette 2635:The London Gazette 2600:"Lord Denning, OM" 2467:The London Gazette 2406:Heward (1990) p. 6 2394:Heward (1990) p. 8 2007: 1971:fundamental breach 1967:equitable estoppel 1904:wrote him a poem: 1780:Tilburg University 1626: 1533:Christopher Leaver 1279:The Profumo affair 1240:pure economic loss 1232:pure economic loss 868: 833:Treaty of Waitangi 667:Winchester College 662: 582:Oxford University 576:Hampshire Regiment 374:and judge. He was 5908:English Anglicans 5850: 5849: 5767:Tom, Lord Denning 5742:Mandy Rice-Davies 5664: 5663: 5313: 5312: 5304:Succeeded by 5217:978-1-4438-1246-7 5198:978-1-4438-1245-0 5179:978-1-4438-1244-3 5134:978-0-646-34887-2 5098:978-0-14-006389-9 5091:. Penguin Books. 5075:978-0-230-01883-9 5049:978-1-84392-098-4 5028:978-0-297-81138-1 5009:978-0-09-174594-3 4990:978-1-4058-4733-9 4971:978-0-415-19054-1 4952:978-0-406-17612-7 4274:. 14 March 1999. 4250:(Subscription or 4159:Rozenberg, Joshua 4018:978-0-19-876202-7 3976:. 19 January 1990 3945:api.parliament.uk 3856:978-1-351-88328-3 3433:Hodge (2004) p. 2 2271:978-0-406-17614-1 2217:978-0-406-17602-8 2167:978-0-406-17607-3 2144:978-0-406-17604-2 1841:McGill University 1784:Deputy Lieutenant 1709:Geoffrey Cheshire 1669:Westminster Abbey 1556:Abortion Act 1967 1505:Margaret Thatcher 1503:. Attending were 1412:National security 1374:Children's rights 1366:ever published". 1332:On 21 June 1963, 1132:Deputy Lieutenant 1052:2 All ER 575. In 1035:Wachtel v Wachtel 1026:Pettitt v Pettitt 813:Diocese of London 741:called to the Bar 690:Geoffrey Cheshire 675:Winchester Castle 638:Battle of Jutland 588:second lieutenant 426:Margaret Thatcher 376:called to the bar 345: 344: 156:The Lord Evershed 102:The Lord Evershed 16:(Redirected from 6025: 5953:Knights Bachelor 5816:(2019 TV series) 5757:Harold Macmillan 5747:Mariella Novotny 5732:Johnny Edgecombe 5717:Christine Keeler 5691: 5684: 5677: 5668: 5667: 5659: 5658: 5339: 5332: 5325: 5316: 5315: 5287:Preceded by 5279: 5278: 5274:Internet Archive 5266: 5261: 5242: 5221: 5202: 5183: 5157: 5153:978-0-854-902941 5138: 5119: 5102: 5090: 5079: 5060: 5058: 5056: 5032: 5013: 5002:. Random House. 4994: 4975: 4956: 4945:. Butterworths. 4928: 4927: 4925: 4923: 4909: 4903: 4902: 4896: 4892: 4890: 4882: 4880: 4878: 4855: 4849: 4846: 4840: 4837: 4831: 4828: 4819: 4816: 4810: 4807: 4801: 4800: 4798: 4796: 4781: 4775: 4772: 4766: 4765: 4763: 4761: 4741: 4735: 4732: 4726: 4725: 4723: 4721: 4701: 4692: 4686: 4680: 4677: 4671: 4670: 4668: 4666: 4661:on 10 March 2011 4647: 4641: 4638: 4632: 4629: 4623: 4620: 4611: 4608: 4602: 4599: 4593: 4581: 4575: 4572: 4566: 4563: 4557: 4554: 4548: 4545: 4539: 4536: 4530: 4527: 4516: 4513: 4507: 4504: 4498: 4495: 4489: 4486: 4480: 4477: 4471: 4470: 4457: 4451: 4448: 4442: 4439: 4433: 4432: 4430: 4428: 4413: 4407: 4404: 4398: 4395: 4389: 4388: 4375: 4369: 4368: 4366: 4364: 4344: 4333: 4330: 4321: 4318: 4309: 4306: 4300: 4297: 4288: 4287: 4285: 4283: 4262: 4256: 4255: 4247: 4245: 4243: 4224: 4216: 4203: 4202: 4189: 4183: 4182: 4180: 4178: 4155: 4146: 4145: 4143: 4141: 4132:. 7 March 1999. 4121: 4115: 4112: 4106: 4103: 4097: 4094: 4088: 4085: 4079: 4076: 4070: 4069: 4067: 4065: 4045: 4039: 4036: 4030: 4029: 4027: 4025: 4001:academic.oup.com 3992: 3986: 3985: 3983: 3981: 3966: 3960: 3959: 3953: 3951: 3937: 3931: 3930: 3928: 3926: 3903: 3897: 3894: 3888: 3885: 3879: 3876: 3870: 3867: 3861: 3860: 3840: 3834: 3831: 3825: 3824: 3822: 3820: 3792: 3786: 3783: 3777: 3769: 3763: 3762: 3756: 3747: 3741: 3740: 3738: 3730: 3724: 3723: 3711: 3705: 3704: 3694: 3684: 3652: 3646: 3645: 3627: 3621: 3620: 3602: 3593: 3587: 3584: 3578: 3575: 3569: 3568: 3566: 3564: 3545: 3534: 3531: 3525: 3522: 3516: 3513: 3507: 3504: 3498: 3495: 3489: 3486: 3475: 3474: 3472: 3470: 3451: 3434: 3431: 3425: 3424: 3422: 3420: 3401: 3388: 3385: 3379: 3376: 3370: 3369: 3367: 3365: 3346: 3333: 3330: 3324: 3321: 3315: 3312: 3306: 3303: 3297: 3294: 3288: 3287: 3274: 3268: 3267: 3254: 3248: 3245: 3236: 3233: 3227: 3226: 3213: 3207: 3204: 3198: 3195: 3189: 3186: 3180: 3177: 3171: 3168: 3162: 3159: 3153: 3150: 3144: 3141: 3135: 3132: 3126: 3125: 3112: 3106: 3103: 3094: 3093: 3091: 3089: 3061: 3055: 3052: 3043: 3040: 3034: 3031: 3025: 3022: 3016: 3013: 3007: 3004: 2998: 2995: 2986: 2983: 2977: 2974: 2965: 2962: 2956: 2953: 2947: 2944: 2938: 2935: 2929: 2926: 2920: 2919: 2906: 2900: 2899: 2886: 2880: 2877: 2871: 2870: 2857: 2851: 2848: 2842: 2839: 2833: 2830: 2824: 2823: 2810: 2804: 2801: 2795: 2792: 2786: 2783: 2777: 2774: 2765: 2762: 2756: 2753: 2747: 2744: 2738: 2735: 2726: 2725: 2723: 2721: 2706: 2700: 2697: 2688: 2685: 2679: 2676: 2670: 2667: 2658: 2655: 2649: 2646: 2640: 2639: 2626: 2620: 2619: 2617: 2615: 2610:on 10 March 2011 2596: 2590: 2589: 2587: 2585: 2566: 2560: 2559: 2557: 2555: 2536: 2530: 2529: 2516:The Family Story 2511: 2505: 2502: 2493: 2490: 2481: 2478: 2472: 2471: 2458: 2452: 2449: 2440: 2437: 2428: 2425: 2416: 2413: 2407: 2404: 2395: 2392: 2386: 2379: 2373: 2370: 2364: 2363: 2361: 2359: 2339: 2314: 2309: 2308: 2300: 2298:Biography portal 2295: 2294: 2293: 2279: 2276:Internet Archive 2264:. Butterworths. 2263: 2252: 2237:. Butterworths. 2236: 2225: 2222:Internet Archive 2210:. Butterworths. 2209: 2198: 2195:Internet Archive 2183:. Butterworths. 2182: 2179:The Family Story 2171: 2160:. Butterworths. 2152: 2149:Internet Archive 2137:. Butterworths. 2136: 2125: 2122:Internet Archive 2102: 2090: 2087:The Changing Law 2079: 2076:Internet Archive 2063: 1856:Fijian sugarcane 1849:Sir John Widgery 1829:Jawaharlal Nehru 1790:Overseas travels 1731:under the title 1705:Cumberland Lodge 1632: 1593:Waterloo station 1394: 1334:Harold Macmillan 1326:House of Commons 1318:Sunday Pictorial 1297:Christine Keeler 987:Privy Counsellor 934:and the public. 825:Second World War 797:exemption clause 705:prize fellowship 652:Return to Oxford 623:The Family Story 558:in Mathematical 489:Alfred the Great 465:Reginald Denning 406:returned to the 369: 364: 357: 337:Barrister, judge 293: 291: 272: 270: 236: 220: 218: 202:Personal details 191: 181:High Court Judge 173: 152: 140: 131: 110: 98: 89: 66: 56: 41:The Lord Denning 32: 31: 21: 6033: 6032: 6028: 6027: 6026: 6024: 6023: 6022: 5853: 5852: 5851: 5846: 5828: 5776: 5700: 5695: 5665: 5660: 5656: 5651: 5348: 5343: 5309: 5300: 5292: 5252: 5228: 5218: 5199: 5180: 5164: 5162:Further reading 5154: 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1501:Speaker's House 1435: 1414: 1395: 1392: 1376: 1342:Sir John Hobson 1281: 1201:Letang v Cooper 1196: 1164: 1140: 1117:Sir Edward Coke 1089: 979: 977:Court of Appeal 959:established in 910:decree absolute 892:Lord Chancellor 860: 717: 654: 595:advanced closer 580:Royal Engineers 568: 516:First World War 457: 408:Court of Appeal 362: 355: 351: 329: 298: 295: 287: 283: 280: 274: 266: 262: 259: 238: 237:(aged 100) 234: 222: 221:23 January 1899 216: 214: 213: 212: 192: 187: 174: 169: 150: 144:The Lord Oaksey 138: 132: 127: 108: 96: 90: 85: 69: 57: 44: 42: 39: 28: 23: 22: 18:Lord Denning MR 15: 12: 11: 5: 6031: 6021: 6020: 6015: 6010: 6005: 6000: 5995: 5990: 5985: 5980: 5975: 5970: 5965: 5960: 5955: 5950: 5945: 5940: 5935: 5930: 5925: 5920: 5915: 5910: 5905: 5900: 5895: 5890: 5885: 5880: 5875: 5870: 5865: 5848: 5847: 5845: 5844: 5836: 5834: 5830: 5829: 5827: 5826: 5817: 5809: 5808:(2013 musical) 5801: 5793: 5784: 5782: 5778: 5777: 5775: 5774: 5769: 5764: 5759: 5754: 5749: 5744: 5739: 5734: 5729: 5727:Yevgeny Ivanov 5724: 5719: 5714: 5708: 5706: 5705:Notable people 5702: 5701: 5698:Profumo affair 5694: 5693: 5686: 5679: 5671: 5662: 5661: 5654: 5652: 5650: 5649: 5644: 5639: 5634: 5629: 5624: 5619: 5614: 5609: 5604: 5599: 5594: 5589: 5584: 5579: 5574: 5569: 5564: 5559: 5554: 5549: 5544: 5539: 5534: 5529: 5524: 5519: 5514: 5509: 5504: 5499: 5494: 5489: 5484: 5479: 5474: 5469: 5464: 5459: 5454: 5449: 5444: 5439: 5434: 5429: 5427:Charles Caesar 5424: 5419: 5414: 5409: 5404: 5399: 5394: 5389: 5384: 5379: 5374: 5369: 5364: 5359: 5353: 5350: 5349: 5342: 5341: 5334: 5327: 5319: 5311: 5310: 5305: 5302: 5293: 5288: 5284: 5283: 5282:Legal offices 5277: 5276: 5267: 5249: 5248: 5243: 5227: 5226:External links 5224: 5223: 5222: 5216: 5203: 5197: 5184: 5178: 5163: 5160: 5159: 5158: 5152: 5139: 5133: 5120: 5103: 5097: 5080: 5074: 5061: 5048: 5033: 5027: 5014: 5008: 4995: 4989: 4976: 4970: 4957: 4951: 4936: 4933: 4930: 4929: 4913:"A rare judge" 4904: 4850: 4841: 4832: 4820: 4811: 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2453: 2441: 2429: 2417: 2408: 2396: 2387: 2385:(2003) p. 143. 2374: 2365: 2330: 2329: 2327: 2324: 2323: 2322: 2316: 2315: 2301: 2285: 2282: 2281: 2280: 2270: 2253: 2243: 2226: 2216: 2199: 2189: 2172: 2166: 2153: 2143: 2126: 2116: 2103: 2097: 2080: 2070: 2051: 2048: 2032:Guy's Hospital 1998: 1995: 1973:he set out in 1960:Profumo affair 1951: 1948: 1936:Re L (infants) 1927:Jeremy Bentham 1907: 1868: 1867:Judicial style 1865: 1791: 1788: 1680: 1677: 1643:Order of Merit 1614:Birmingham Six 1610:Guildford Four 1552:House of Lords 1546: 1543: 1529:Michael Havers 1457:Birmingham Six 1434: 1431: 1418:Mark Hosenball 1413: 1410: 1390: 1380:Hewer v Bryant 1375: 1372: 1301:Yevgeni Ivanov 1285:Profumo affair 1280: 1277: 1264: 1263: 1260: 1257: 1254: 1251: 1195: 1192: 1163: 1160: 1139: 1136: 1113:Lord Mansfield 1088: 1087:House of Lords 1085: 978: 975: 932:British Legion 883:2 All ER 190. 859: 856: 821:Rayner Goddard 817:King's Counsel 754:Quantum meruit 725:Frank Merriman 716: 713: 653: 650: 567: 564: 544:Herbert Warren 473:Norman Denning 456: 453: 449:Guildford Four 445:Birmingham Six 437:Profumo affair 420:House of Lords 404:House of Lords 380:King's Counsel 343: 342: 339: 338: 335: 331: 330: 328: 327: 322: 316: 314: 308: 307: 304: 300: 299: 297: 296: 285: 281: 278: 277: 275: 264: 260: 257: 256: 253: 251: 247: 246: 231: 227: 226: 210: 208: 204: 203: 199: 198: 195: 194: 184: 183: 177: 176: 166: 165: 159: 158: 153: 147: 146: 141: 135: 134: 124: 123: 117: 116: 111: 105: 104: 99: 93: 92: 82: 81: 75: 74: 71: 70: 67: 59: 58: 43: 40: 35: 26: 9: 6: 4: 3: 2: 6030: 6019: 6016: 6014: 6011: 6009: 6006: 6004: 6001: 5999: 5996: 5994: 5991: 5989: 5986: 5984: 5981: 5979: 5976: 5974: 5971: 5969: 5966: 5964: 5961: 5959: 5956: 5954: 5951: 5949: 5946: 5944: 5941: 5939: 5936: 5934: 5931: 5929: 5926: 5924: 5921: 5919: 5916: 5914: 5911: 5909: 5906: 5904: 5901: 5899: 5896: 5894: 5891: 5889: 5886: 5884: 5881: 5879: 5876: 5874: 5871: 5869: 5866: 5864: 5861: 5860: 5858: 5842: 5838: 5837: 5835: 5831: 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