663:, a new constitution was proposed which would ban directors from reporting the installation of surveillance equipment to members. This caused dissension among members, many of which are non-UK based ISPs operating from countries where mass surveillance is, like in the UK, not legal. This interpretation of the constitutional change was disputed on the official LINX website. Voting on the constitutional revision took place during a hastily called Extraordinary General Meeting (EGM) on 21 February; although a majority supported the change the number attending was too small for the motion to be carried.
2420:
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177:
75:
34:
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481:(EGMs) on issues related to finances, the constitution, and the scope of LINX activities. The members periodically elect the non-executive board of directors and convene at regular meetings to discuss technical, corporate governance, and regulatory matters. LINX operates under a mandate to avoid direct competition with its members.
612:â LINX expanded again opening three new PoPs, this time adding considerably to the geographical diversity by doing so in the City of London, North Acton and Slough. It also heralded new relationships with data centre operators, with the addition of Interxion and Equinix (to the pre-existing ones of Telehouse and Telecity).
588:â This year saw the launch of the 'LINX from Anywhere' service, a facility that permits smaller ISPs to piggyback on the networks of existing members to obtain a secure, virtual presence on the LINX exchange without incurring the manpower and Rackspace costs of having their own installation in London.
856:
The new network will be configured as an EAPS protected ring, topology currently used for the secondary LINX LAN in London. All sites will use a Summit X670v switch, capable of connecting 48x10 Gb member ports. Telecity
Williams will also have a smaller Summit X460 switch for terminating slower
535:
While PIPEX continued to provide administrative oversight â charged at cost to LINX â member meetings were held every two months (now every three months) to decide strategic direction. Eventually, it was accepted that the purely co-operative system of operation at LINX was becoming overly demanding.
852:
Launched in April 2012 IX Manchester, now known as LINX Manchester was initially a single-site platform based on a stand-alone
Brocade BigIron RX-16 switch, repurposed from the primary LAN in London. A new design extends the network to two new sites â M247's Ice Colo & Joule House and brings in
480:
LINX functions as a non-profit organization, structured as a company limited by guarantee. Membership involves signing a memorandum of understanding, with each member collectively owning the company. All members hold a single vote at Annual
General Meetings (AGMs) and Extraordinary General Meetings
901:
Based in the North
Virginia/Washington DC area, LINX NoVA initially spanned three data centers â Evo Switch in Manassas, Digital Realty in Ashburn and Coresite in Reston â and will be connected using dark fiber lit by LINX. An agreement for a fourth Colo site, also in Ashburn, is expected shortly.
518:
Switching the first data through the
Telehouse hub was accomplished by primarily technical specialists who were unconcerned about the formalities of legal contracts. However, while PIPEX continued to provide administrative and technical oversight, the need for a formal constitution was eventually
543:
As the
Internet grew in popularity, legislators and law enforcement agencies began to call for its regulation. LINX increasingly found itself taking on non-core activities, such as providing expert advice on behalf of its members (and, therefore, the whole industry) to a wide range of official
813:
One of LINX's core functions is to represent its members in matters of public policy. LINX's Public
Affairs department works to obtain advance warning of public policy developments that could affect LINX members, to inform members about important policy developments at a time when it is still
472:
The London
Internet Exchange (LINX) is a mutually governed Internet exchange point (IXP) providing peering services and public policy representation to network operators, encompassing over 950 different autonomous systems (ASNs). Established in 1994 in London, LINX operates IXPs in London,
522:
The solution was to form a company limited by guarantee. Lawyers produced a draft memorandum and constitution which was extensively modified by members. The company was formed in 1995, and a board of five non-executive directors was elected, with Keith
Mitchell as the initial chairman.
860:
The links between sites will be provisioned on a dark fibre provided by NTL and lit by LINX with the use of SFP+ DWDM transceivers and passive DWDM MUX units. Initial ISL capacity will be configured at 20 Gbit/s but easily upgradeable to 80 Gbit/s if required.
893:
Following discussions with the US network community, and its own members, LINX decided to launch an open peering exchange in North
America in late 2013. Formally to be known as LINX NoVA, the exchange will be closely aligned with, and endorsed by, the newly formed
817:
At the UK level, LINX liaises directly with policymakers on matters such as content regulation, telecoms regulation, privacy and data protection, e-mail spam, online fraud/phishing, law enforcement, counter-terrorism, and any other topics that affect LINX members.
514:
PIPEX provided the LINX founders with a Cisco Catalyst 1200 switch with eight 10-megabit ports. Rack space was leased at a then virtually empty data center operated by Telehouse International Corporation of Europe Ltd at Coriander Avenue in London's Dockland.
558:
which, since 1996, has worked to eradicate child abuse images from the UK Internet. Initial funding from LINX was instrumental in enabling the IWF to launch and the decision to create the IWF and define its charter was taken at a LINX member meeting in Heathrow.
539:
In the summer of 1996, LINX became the first Internet exchange in the world to deploy a 100-megabit switch â a Cisco Catalyst 5000. In January 1999, it pioneered the implementation of a Metropolitan Area Network (MAN) running over gigabit Ethernet connections.
624:â The Connection reseller Programme launched. Also this year LINX became the first Internet exchange in the world to install a Juniper PTX5000 in a live network and the exchange opened its first site outside London in Manchester (IX Manchester).
476:
Founded by a consortium of Internet Service Providers (ISPs) and educational networks, LINX is a founding member of Euro-IX, a Europe-wide alliance of Internet exchanges. It is one of the largest neutral IXPs in Europe by average throughput.
511:â the UK academic network â and other ISPs showed interest in establishing similar serial links, Keith Mitchell, then chief technical officer of PIPEX, initiated a meeting with BT to discuss the creation of a London-based Internet exchange.
873:(formerly Scolocate), IX Scotland, now known as LINX Scotland, was officially launched in November 2013. The site will use the latest hardware from Extreme Networks enabling all the advanced features expected from a modern exchange.
2237:
576:â LINX amended its corporate structure to make the post of chairman non-executive and appointed its first chief executive officer, John Souter, previously UK managing director of German-owned Varieties Communications.
798:) between LINX members, and works with a number of fibre carriers to provide rapid connection between LINX members for private circuits. These PI circuits may be used for any purpose, but are mainly intended for
908:
LINX NoVA will be developed in the same way as the LINX primary LAN in London (VPLS, separated core and edge, etc.) but as a stand-alone site not requiring a connection to the LANs operated in the London, UK.
531:
From the beginning, it was agreed that LINX would be a non-profit organization run for the benefit of members and governed collectively through regular member meetings, a practice which continues to this day.
881:
Located in BT's Stadium House data center in Cardiff. IX Cardiff, then LINX Cardiff, now known as LINX Wales was officially launched on 15 October 2014 in an effort to decentralize UK internet traffic.
1408:
905:
The LINX NOVA exchange will use MX960 router equipment from Juniper Networks capable of delivering 100G member ports from launch with the three PoPs all connected by diverse dark fiber lit by LINX.
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582:â LINX was the first exchange to introduce 10G Ethernet operation, using equipment from Foundry Networks â in fact, the second of their worldwide customers to deploy their technology.
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551:, the Department of Trade and Industry and relevant departments of the EU Commission. In 2003, Roland was succeeded by Malcolm Hutty when Roland left to form his own advisory group.
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and UK Net) linked their networks via a 64-kilobit serial link to save the cost and time delay involved in routing data across the Atlantic to US Internet exchanges.
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As a mutual, membership-based organization, all of LINX's public affairs activity is informed and guided by extensive and ongoing consultation with LINX members.
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LINX also carries on a number of non-core activities (NCAPs) from time to time, for example the LINX Accredited Internet Technician (LAIT) training Program.
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Redundancy of the network is managed using rapid-failover protection mechanisms such a VPLS service over an MPLS core (MPLS/VPLS) from Juniper and Extreme's
547:
In 1999, LINX appointed its first full-time regulation officer in Roland Perry to advise organizations such as the Home Office Internet Task Force, the
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885:
As of July 2018, LINX Wales has a typical peak of 0.9976 Gbit/s of network traffic with a maximum peak of 1.03 Gbit/s as of 1 December 2017.
802:
arrangements between members. Private Peering is sometimes more appropriate for managing large flows of traffic between ISPs and/or Content Providers.
96:
89:
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Latest news for 2018/19 sees LINX launch an IXP partner relationship with Japan IX allowing customers to connect to LINX in London and also LINX and
600:â LINX members voted to make public affairs one of the company's "core functions", placing it on an equal footing with peering and interconnection.
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At the European level, LINX is an active member of Euro ISPA and works with Euro ISPA's other national associations to influence European policy.
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The LINX Engineering team restructured its secondary LAN in London, LON2, in 2018 using software and hardware from two different suppliers.
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Then, in late 1996, Keith Mitchell accepted the role of full-time chairman, working with a personal assistant from offices in Peterborough.
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In November 1994, using a donated piece of equipment no bigger than a video recorder and without any written contracts, five UK-based
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Connecting is also possible from remote locations via the 'LINX from Anywhere' scheme via a range of layer 2 service/MPLS carriers.
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594:â LINX considerably expanded its footprint, with four new points of presence (Pop's) â all in the Docklands area of London.
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832:(ISOC). LINX was instrumental in the creation of the Internet Watch Foundation, the UK hotline for reporting and removing
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924:, as well as hosting for other "Good of the Internet" services including various Internet statistics projects, numerous
570:â A training manager was appointed to introduce an accredited training program for Internet engineers and technicians.
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53:
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791:(EAPS). These restore connectivity within tenths of a second in the event of the loss of a network segment.
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618:â The LINX primary LAN was redesigned to a VPLS-based infrastructure with a new vendor, Juniper Networks.
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1947:
1937:
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Manchester, Scotland, and Wales in the United Kingdom, as well as in Northern Virginia, United States.
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In addition to the main peering infrastructure, LINX provides managed private interconnections (via
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493:(ISPs) linked their networks to exchange data and avoid paying high transatlantic bandwidth costs.
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1365:"LINX Cardiff Becomes LINX Wales as Regional Internet Exchange Welcome NGD to the Network - LINX"
1355:"LINX Cardiff Becomes LINX Wales as Regional Internet Exchange Welcome NGD to the Network - LINX"
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London Internet Exchange (LINX) and Juniper Networks: Moving Traffic at 2 Terabits Per Second
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possible to influence them, and to educate, inform and influence regulators and legislators.
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20:
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LINX data center facilities are found at sixteen locations throughout London, including:
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from the Internet, and continues to advise the IWF as a member of its Funding Council.
650:â Sees the introduction of new hardware and a restructuring of LON2 with hardware from
998:
LINX hosts a number of meetings where network operators can exchange information: see
2365:
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1049:"UK Snoopers' Charter gagging order drafted for London Internet Exchange directors"
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707:). These networks are deployed over ten locations, each connected by multiple
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630:â Two additional local exchanges, IX Scotland in Edinburgh and LINX NOVA in
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Telehouse hosts the vast majority of internet peering traffic from LINX.
2004:
1952:
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634:, were launched. They were the exchange's first sites outside England.
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457:
2123:
European Conference of Postal and Telecommunications Administrations
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2009:
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1726:
1711:
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1538:
1483:
1230:"Rostelecom and MegaFon Disconnected from London Internet Exchange"
669:â LINX reported a record level of UK Traffic at 6.05 Tbit/s.
2014:
1872:
1754:
1614:
1572:
799:
765:
676:
1179:"London Internet Exchange members vote no to constitution tweak"
824:
LINX also works actively with partner organizations such as the
2471:
Media and communications in the London Borough of Tower Hamlets
2019:
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1999:
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1205:"London Internet Exchange Sees Record UK Traffic of 6.05Tbps"
985:
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641:
497:
1330:"Telehouse opens $ 177 million London Docklands data center"
1002:
for a list of other organizations holding similar meetings.
753:
Digital Realty, Bonnington House, Millharbour (ex. TeleCity)
2090:
416:
1127:"The London Internet Exchange Preps Big Network Upgrade"
675:â LINX joined the long list of organizations supporting
390:
920:
Other services provided include a time service using
691:, LINX operates two physically separate networks, or
679:
by disconnecting Russian services from its networks.
562:
201:. Unsourced material may be challenged and removed.
2164:Internet Telephony Services Providers' Association
1418:Telecommunications industry in the United Kingdom
2452:
780:Colt Data Centre, London West (Transmission PoP)
554:LINX also actively and financially supports the
975:Some other Internet exchange points in London:
869:Located in Pulsant's South Gyle data center in
853:completely new hardware from Extreme Networks.
2461:Internet exchange points in the United Kingdom
2326:British Approvals Board for Telecommunications
943:(STC), on 7 December 2018 marked the start of
699:using equipment from different manufacturers (
526:
1402:
1434:Science and technology in the United Kingdom
62:Learn how and when to remove these messages
19:"LINX" redirects here. For other uses, see
1898:London & Provincial District Telegraph
1409:
1395:
1280:. London Internet Exchange. Archived from
1152:"LINX response to Article in The Register"
2118:Defence Science and Technology Laboratory
932:domains, and instances of the F, K and I
334:Learn how and when to remove this message
316:Learn how and when to remove this message
261:Learn how and when to remove this message
159:Learn how and when to remove this message
2466:Telecommunications in the United Kingdom
2293:South Georgia and South Sandwich Islands
1176:
1046:
640:â Another local exchange, IX Cardiff in
456:
2371:Interception of Communications Act 1985
1202:
1124:
2453:
2159:Internet Service Providers Association
496:LINX effectively began when two ISPs (
95:Please improve this article by adding
2128:International Telecommunication Union
1390:
1177:Campbell, Duncan (22 February 2017).
1047:Campbell, Duncan (17 February 2017).
2432:
1853:British and Irish Magnetic Telegraph
1848:Bonelli's Electric Telegraph Company
1270:
1042:
1040:
789:Ethernet Automatic Protection System
272:
199:adding citations to reliable sources
170:
68:
27:
2331:British Telecommunications Act 1981
912:
13:
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980:London Internet Providers Exchange
847:
842:
288:tone or style may not reflect the
14:
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1037:
1020:"LINX Newsletter (December 2023)"
1000:Internet network operators' group
970:Internet network operators' group
808:
43:This article has multiple issues.
16:Internet exchange point in London
2431:
2419:
2418:
2401:UK telephone code misconceptions
1125:Jackson, Mark (16 August 2016).
965:List of Internet exchange points
864:
777:Virtus, Hayes (Transmission PoP)
563:LINX in the twenty-first century
298:guide to writing better articles
277:
175:
73:
32:
1347:
1296:
1248:
1203:Jackson, Mark (12 April 2021).
757:Digital Realty, Sovereign House
659:â Following the passage of the
606:â LINX membership reached 200.
186:needs additional citations for
51:or discuss these issues on the
2238:British Indian Ocean Territory
1863:Cable & Wireless Worldwide
1222:
1196:
1170:
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1:
2138:Phone-paid Services Authority
1552:BT Business and Public Sector
1429:Economy of the United Kingdom
1005:
876:
682:
97:secondary or tertiary sources
2200:British Overseas Territories
888:
408:1,730 as of August 2020
7:
2222:British Antarctic Territory
2113:Broadband Stakeholder Group
1963:Universal Private Telegraph
986:London Network Access Point
958:
834:child sexual abuse material
759:, Marsh Wall (ex. TeleCity)
549:National Hi-Tech Crime Unit
527:Not for profit organization
10:
2487:
1908:National Telephone Company
1868:Electric Telegraph Company
1838:Atlantic Telegraph Company
1334:www.datacenterdynamics.com
947:, an Internet exchange in
491:Internet service providers
484:
210:"London Internet Exchange"
108:"London Internet Exchange"
18:
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2336:British telephone sockets
2311:
2192:
2146:
2103:
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2028:
1987:
1980:
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1521:
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1469:BT Wholesale and Ventures
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826:Internet Watch Foundation
556:Internet Watch Foundation
412:
404:
396:
386:
375:
367:
359:
351:
2346:BT site engineering code
2298:Turks and Caicos Islands
2174:London Internet Exchange
1858:Cable & Wireless plc
762:Equinix Powergate, Acton
748:Equinix Harbour Exchange
661:Investigatory Powers Act
466:London Internet Exchange
419:as of December 2023
355:London Internet Exchange
347:London Internet Exchange
2396:Telephone numbers in UK
2356:Communications Act 2003
1278:"LINX Network Topology"
994:(Formerly XchangePoint)
953:Kingdom of Saudi Arabia
400:988 as of May 2021
2243:British Virgin Islands
2051:Marconi Communications
1234:Hosting Journalist.com
926:secondary name servers
469:
443:51.511453°N 0.003418°W
84:relies excessively on
2208:Akrotiri and Dhekelia
1776:Virgin Media Business
1464:Babcock International
945:JED-IX driven by LINX
941:Saudi Telecom Company
460:
21:Linx (disambiguation)
2361:Earth stations in UK
1888:Gutta Percha Company
1610:Cable & Wireless
1529:Andrews & Arnold
709:100 Gigabit Ethernet
448:51.511453; -0.003418
195:improve this article
1948:Submarine Telegraph
1883:General Post Office
1361:on 21 October 2020.
1284:on 15 February 2017
1158:on 18 February 2017
713:10 Gigabit Ethernet
693:switching platforms
632:North Virginia, USA
462:Telehouse Docklands
439: /
348:
2406:Web blocking in UK
2391:Telegraph Act 1885
2386:Telegraph Act 1868
2195:Crown Dependencies
2184:Symbian Foundation
2086:Carphone Warehouse
1559:BT Global Services
1371:on 21 October 2020
1310:on 29 October 2013
470:
346:
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2366:Hull Colour Pages
2106:regulatory bodies
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1101:"History of LINX"
1099:Darren, Echo by.
1075:"History of LINX"
1073:Darren, Echo by.
796:Single Mode Fiber
734:Telehouse North 2
715:connections over
652:EdgeCore Networks
423:
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292:used on Knowledge
290:encyclopedic tone
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2283:Pitcairn Islands
2253:Falkland Islands
2228:Ascension Island
1985:
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1631:Eclipse Internet
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1605:The Co-operative
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1504:Telehouse Europe
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1367:. Archived from
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1357:. Archived from
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1306:. Archived from
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1154:. Archived from
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934:root nameservers
913:Other activities
830:Internet Society
705:Juniper Networks
701:Extreme Networks
644:, was launched.
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300:for suggestions.
296:See Knowledge's
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2154:GSM Association
2147:Industry bodies
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2046:Marconi Company
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1972:
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1749:Virgin Media O2
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1304:"LINX Anywhere"
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1236:. 15 March 2022
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2288:Saint Helena
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1995:Arm Holdings
1817:Zen Internet
1769:Virgin Media
1696:Telecom Plus
1581:China Mobile
1373:. Retrieved
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1359:the original
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1209:ISPreview UK
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1183:The Register
1182:
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1131:ISPreview UK
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1053:The Register
1052:
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391:www.linx.net
360:Abbreviation
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193:Please help
188:verification
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45:Please help
42:
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2341:BT Research
2314:legislation
2268:Isle of Man
2220:(including
2041:GEC Plessey
1943:Sainsbury's
1928:Post Office
1792:Vodafone UK
1545:BT Consumer
1534:Asda Mobile
1188:22 February
1162:17 February
1110:22 December
1084:22 December
1058:17 February
774:London City
468:since 1994.
446: /
417:9.29 Tbit/s
2455:Categories
2278:Montserrat
2218:Antarctica
2005:Metaswitch
1953:Tiscali UK
1812:WightFibre
1799:Talkmobile
1644:Lycamobile
1625:KCOM Group
1600:Colt Group
1479:KCOM Group
1314:26 October
1288:13 January
1006:References
951:(JED-IX),
877:LINX Wales
719:networks.
683:Technology
544:agencies.
431:51°30â˛41âłN
221:newspapers
119:newspapers
86:references
48:improve it
2258:Gibraltar
1981:Suppliers
1515:providers
1494:Interxion
1489:Openreach
1474:CityFibre
1452:providers
1443:Companies
1029:5 January
889:LINX NOVA
871:Edinburgh
772:Interxion
434:0°00â˛12âłW
352:Full name
54:talk page
2426:Category
2312:History,
2263:Guernsey
2213:Anguilla
2066:Standard
2061:PicoChip
2010:Sarantel
1958:T-Mobile
1807:Voipfone
1786:Vodafone
1762:Giffgaff
1737:Leetline
1712:Three UK
1674:Business
1668:TalkTalk
1620:Inmarsat
1595:Claranet
1539:BT Group
1484:Nexfibre
1339:29 March
1024:linx.net
959:See also
768:, Slough
376:Location
306:May 2014
251:May 2014
149:May 2014
2439:Commons
2233:Bermuda
2029:Defunct
2015:Spirent
1988:Current
1903:Mercury
1873:Energis
1826:Defunct
1615:Entanet
1573:Plusnet
1522:Current
1513:Service
1375:9 March
988:(LONAP)
982:(LIPEX)
955:(KSA).
896:Open-IX
857:ports.
766:Equinix
677:Ukraine
485:History
397:Members
387:Website
368:Founded
235:scholar
133:scholar
2436:
2423:
2273:Jersey
2020:Telent
1938:Rabbit
1918:Orange
1893:Ionica
1878:Family
1742:No One
1719:SMARTY
1681:Mobile
1639:Lebara
1587:CMLink
1459:Arqiva
1263:9 June
1240:9 June
1214:9 June
1136:9 June
949:Jeddah
689:London
509:UKERNA
380:London
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2179:MaNAP
2169:LONAP
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2079:Other
2000:Icera
1933:Pipex
1923:Ovivo
1706:Three
1701:Tesco
1663:spusu
930:ccTLD
717:fibre
642:Wales
503:When
498:PIPEX
405:Ports
242:JSTOR
228:books
140:JSTOR
126:books
2091:Hibu
2056:Pace
1377:2021
1341:2019
1316:2013
1290:2017
1265:2022
1242:2022
1216:2022
1190:2017
1164:2017
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1112:2023
1105:LINX
1086:2023
1079:LINX
1060:2017
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703:and
673:2022
667:2021
657:2017
648:2016
638:2014
628:2013
622:2012
616:2011
610:2008
604:2006
598:2005
592:2004
586:2003
580:2002
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568:2000
413:Peak
371:1994
363:LINX
214:news
112:news
2197:and
2193:In
2036:CSR
1913:NTL
1833:AOL
1727:Tru
1649:Sky
711:or
687:In
197:by
88:to
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1688:TV
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