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Local property

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and the line are very different objects. One cannot stretch the circle to look like the line, nor compress the line to fit on the circle without gaps or overlaps. However, a small piece of the circle can be stretched and flattened out to look like a small piece of the line. For this reason, one
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Here, note that condition (2) is for the most part stronger than condition (1), and that extra caution should be taken to distinguish between the two. For example, some variation in the definition of
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of points. This is to be contrasted with the idea of global minimum (or global maximum), which corresponds to the minimum (resp., maximum) of the function across its entire domain.
247:. In which case, a property is said to be local if it can be detected from the local subgroups. Global and local properties formed a significant portion of the early work on the 156:, two spaces are said to be locally equivalent if every point of the first space has a neighborhood which is equivalent to a neighborhood of the second space. 248: 209:
if every finitely generated subgroup is finite, and a group is locally soluble if every finitely generated subgroup is
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of a sphere (e.g., a person and the Earth) would find it indistinguishable from a plane.
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and the plane are locally equivalent. A small enough observer standing on the
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Perhaps the best-known example of the idea of locality lies in the concept of
398: 210: 141: 48: 44: 226: 222: 286: 282: 274: 225:, a "small neighborhood" is taken to be a subgroup defined in terms of a 17: 278: 260: 237: 94:
can arise as a result of the different choices of these conditions.
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make it natural to take a "small neighborhood" of a ring to be the
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may say that the circle and the line are locally equivalent.
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over a commutative ring is a local property, but being a
38: 20:, a mathematical object is said to satisfy a property 254: 135: 396: 178: 58: 327:"Definition of local-maximum | Dictionary.com" 216: 251:, which was carried out during the 1960s. 187:, a "small neighborhood" is taken to be a 201:if every finitely generated subgroup is 140:Given some notion of equivalence (e.g., 67:is sometimes said to exhibit a property 397: 249:classification of finite simple groups 349: 376:"Maxima, minima, and saddle points" 194:. An infinite group is said to be 39:Properties of a point on a function 13: 14: 421: 265:For commutative rings, ideas of 86:of sets exhibiting the property. 255:Properties of commutative rings 368: 343: 319: 136:Properties of a pair of spaces 1: 313: 179:Properties of infinite groups 205:. For instance, a group is 59:Properties of a single space 7: 296: 217:Properties of finite groups 97: 10: 426: 258: 281:. For instance, being a 303:Local path connectedness 291:Localization of a module 79:exhibiting the property; 308:Local-global principle 289:is not. For more, see 114:Locally path-connected 356:mathworld.wolfram.com 350:Weisstein, Eric W. 122:, Locally regular, 331:www.dictionary.com 267:algebraic geometry 240:of the nontrivial 189:finitely generated 159:For instance, the 154:topological spaces 130:Locally metrizable 116:topological spaces 106:topological spaces 26:sufficiently small 120:Locally Hausdorff 110:Locally connected 84:neighborhood base 82:Each point has a 75:Each point has a 65:topological space 30:arbitrarily small 417: 405:General topology 390: 389: 387: 386: 372: 366: 365: 363: 362: 347: 341: 340: 338: 337: 323: 425: 424: 420: 419: 418: 416: 415: 414: 395: 394: 393: 384: 382: 374: 373: 369: 360: 358: 352:"Local Minimum" 348: 344: 335: 333: 325: 324: 320: 316: 299: 263: 257: 234:local subgroups 219: 181: 167:Similarly, the 138: 104:Locally compact 100: 92:locally compact 61: 41: 12: 11: 5: 423: 413: 412: 410:Homeomorphisms 407: 392: 391: 367: 342: 317: 315: 312: 311: 310: 305: 298: 295: 259:Main article: 256: 253: 232:, usually the 218: 215: 207:locally finite 185:infinite group 180: 177: 146:diffeomorphism 137: 134: 133: 132: 127: 124:Locally normal 117: 107: 99: 96: 88: 87: 80: 60: 57: 40: 37: 9: 6: 4: 3: 2: 422: 411: 408: 406: 403: 402: 400: 381: 377: 371: 357: 353: 346: 332: 328: 322: 318: 309: 306: 304: 301: 300: 294: 292: 288: 284: 280: 276: 272: 268: 262: 252: 250: 246: 244: 239: 235: 231: 228: 224: 223:finite groups 214: 212: 208: 204: 200: 199: 193: 190: 186: 176: 174: 170: 165: 162: 157: 155: 151: 147: 143: 142:homeomorphism 131: 128: 125: 121: 118: 115: 111: 108: 105: 102: 101: 95: 93: 85: 81: 78: 74: 73: 72: 70: 66: 56: 54: 50: 49:local maximum 46: 45:local minimum 36: 34: 33:neighborhoods 31: 27: 23: 19: 383:. Retrieved 380:Khan Academy 379: 370: 359:. Retrieved 355: 345: 334:. Retrieved 330: 321: 271:localization 264: 242: 233: 229: 227:prime number 220: 202: 197: 195: 182: 166: 158: 139: 89: 77:neighborhood 68: 62: 53:neighborhood 42: 35:of points). 29: 25: 21: 15: 287:free module 283:flat module 279:local rings 275:prime ideal 238:normalizers 18:mathematics 399:Categories 385:2019-11-30 361:2019-11-30 336:2019-11-30 314:References 261:local ring 245:-subgroups 152:) between 297:See also 196:locally 192:subgroup 150:isometry 98:Examples 211:soluble 183:For an 173:surface 69:locally 22:locally 236:, the 169:sphere 161:circle 126:etc... 273:at a 221:For 112:and 47:(or 28:or 16:In 401:: 378:. 354:. 329:. 293:. 213:. 148:, 144:, 63:A 388:. 364:. 339:. 243:p 230:p 203:P 198:P

Index

mathematics
neighborhoods
local minimum
local maximum
neighborhood
topological space
neighborhood
neighborhood base
locally compact
Locally compact
Locally connected
Locally path-connected
Locally Hausdorff
Locally normal
Locally metrizable
homeomorphism
diffeomorphism
isometry
topological spaces
circle
sphere
surface
infinite group
finitely generated
subgroup
locally finite
soluble
finite groups
prime number
normalizers

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