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505:
20:
189:
1444:
31:
1418:
308:
hardware and software combinations that can easily be booted via EFI. However, programs like Mac Linux USB Loader can alleviate the difficulties of the task of booting a Linux-live USB on a Mac. This limitation could be fixed by either changing the Apple firmware to include a USB driver in BIOS mode, or changing the operating systems to remove the dependency on the BIOS.
471:
One alternative to the live operating-system solution would be a full installation; that is, a traditional installation, but without swap partitions. This option has the advantage of being efficient for the software, as it eliminates the need for the device to retain – separate from the persistent
307:
can recognize and boot from USB drives, it can do this only in EFI mode. When the firmware switches to "legacy" BIOS mode, it no longer recognizes USB drives. Non-Macintosh systems, notably
Windows and Linux, may not be typically booted in EFI mode and thus USB booting may be limited to supported
476:
systems are designed to store changes in RAM until the user initiates a system powerdown, which triggers the actual writes to the device. The trade-off is greater risk of lost work, in the case of an abnormal abort. Beyond these, another factor to consider is that, if the transfer speed of the
477:
storage device is poor, then performance can be reduced to a rate more typical of legacy computers – even for machines with modern components. This issue can usually be overcome by installing to a USB hard drive, as they generally perform better than flash drives, regardless of the connector.
279:
USB controllers on add-in cards (e.g. ISA, PCI, and PCI-E) are almost never capable of being booted from, so systems that do not have native USB controllers in their chipset (e.g. such as older ones before USB) likely will be unable to boot from USB even when USB is enabled via such an add-in
147:. The development of the first live CDs with graphical user interface made it feasible for non-technicians to repair malfunctioning computers. Most Live CDs are Linux-based, and in addition to repairing computers, these would occasionally be used in their own right as operating systems.
254:, meaning small programs will start faster from a USB flash drive than from a local hard disk or live CD. However, as USB devices typically achieve lower data transfer rates than internal hard drives, booting from older computers that lack support for
472:
file – the operating-system’s installer software. However, full installation is not without disadvantages; due to the additional write cycles that it requires, the life of the flash drive may be slightly reduced. To mitigate this, some
287:
that supports USB booting. Many which do support USB booting may still be unable to boot the device in question. In these cases a computer can often be "redirected" to boot from a USB device through use of an initial bootable CD or
212:
can be changed and additional data stored on the same device. A user can carry their preferred operating system, applications, configuration, and personal files with them, making it easy to share a single system between multiple
311:
Due to the additional write cycles that occur on a full-blown installation, the life of the flash drive may be slightly reduced. This doesn't apply to systems particularly designed for live systems which keep all changes in
328:
device has an essentially unlimited life. An OS such as Linux can then run from the live USB/SD card and use conventional media for writing, such as magnetic disks, to preserve system changes;
324:
counterpart to a live CD) in a USB flash card reader adapter is an effective way to avoid any duty cycles on the flash medium from writes and circumvent this problem. The SD card as a
890:
459:, or permanently, on disk or flash media to preserve any added configurations and security updates. This can be easier than recreating the USB system but may be moot since many
444:
USB support in the BIOS’s boot menu (although there are ways to get around this; actual use of a CD or DVD can allow the user to choose if the medium can later be written to.
712:
920:
825:
795:
379:
and live CDs have ready-made scripts which perform the steps below automatically. In addition, on
Knoppix and Ubuntu extra applications can be installed, and a
595:
Bootable USB drives: A storage device such as a SuperDisk, Zip disk, or other USB storage drive can be used to hold a valid system folder and used at startup.
216:
Live USBs provide the additional benefit of enhanced privacy because users can easily carry the USB device with them or store it in a secure location (e.g. a
485:
Although many live USBs rely on booting an open-source operating system such as Linux, it is possible to create live USBs for
Microsoft Windows by using
88:, but with the added benefit of writable storage, allowing customizations to the booted operating system. Live USBs can be used in embedded systems for
1127:
455:
live CDs have a utility that, on boot, allows users to declare their intent to write the operating system's file structures either temporarily, to a
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220:), reducing the opportunities for others to access their data. On the other hand, a USB device is easily lost or stolen, so data
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510:
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84:, though they may be referred to as "live HDD" and "live SSD" respectively. They are the evolutionary next step after
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The necessary files of the operating system and default applications must be copied to the USB flash drive
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96:, or test driving, and can persistently save settings and install software packages on the USB device.
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Live USBs share many of the benefits and limitations of live CDs, and also incorporate their own.
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364:
356:
139:
To repair a computer with booting issues, technicians often use lightweight operating systems on
46:
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To set up a live USB system for commodity PC hardware, the following steps must be taken:
8:
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that, once full or out of flash drive space, becomes unusable and the OS ceases to boot.
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discs allow certainty that the live system will be clean the next time it is rebooted.)
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116:
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can be used to store changes. A base install ranges between as little as 16 MiB (
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The "bootable" flag must be set on the primary partition on the USB flash drive
317:
209:
140:
42:
19:
959:
363:. There are also software applications available that can be used to create a
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Language and keyboard files (if used) must be written to the USB flash drive
2002:
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The
Differences Between Persistent Live USB and Full Linux Install on USB
422:
383:
289:
169:
from USB. Specialized USB-based booting was proposed by IBM in 2004 with
23:
574:
554:
360:
221:
165:
models. Intel-based Macs carried this functionality over with booting
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One or more partitions may need to be created on the USB flash drive
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486:
456:
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304:
157:
computers introducing the functionality in 1999 beginning with the
101:
428:
A bootloader must be installed to the partition (most often using
30:
1949:
1648:
1349:
608:"Starting from an external USB storage device (Intel-based Macs)"
452:
255:
172:
162:
85:
69:
38:
414:
must be written to the primary partition of the USB flash drive
372:
225:
1898:
1015:
853:"YUMI - Multiboot USB Creator | Easily Boot from USB Windows"
418:
231:
The absence of moving parts in USB flash devices allows true
838:
Live cd only write to the swap partition if your pc has one.
913:"How to Run a Portable Version of Windows from a USB Drive"
299:
have limitations when booting from USB devices – while the
284:
217:
166:
107:
401:
needs to be connected to the system, and be detected by it
228:
is even more important than with a typical desktop system.
1934:
1417:
677:
435:
A bootloader configuration file (if used) must be written
313:
57:
984:
283:
Some computers, particularly older ones, may not have a
761:"Universal USB Installer - Bootable USB Software - UUI"
705:"Boot from a USB Drive Even If Your BIOS Won't Let You"
960:
Tutorial – How to Set your BIOS to boot from CD or USB
500:
153:
introduced USB booting in the early 2000s, with the
581:(published February 20, 2012). September 16, 2003.
208:In contrast to live CDs, the data contained on the
123:distributions can run from a USB flash drive, and
26:, an example of an operating system for live USBs
1989:
417:The partition must be formatted (most often in
16:USB drive with a full bootable operating system
390:) to a large DVD-sized install (4 gigabytes).
1476:
1000:
535:List of Linux distributions that run from RAM
347:exist to create live USBs; examples include
575:"USB Info and Benefits of Dual-Channel USB"
183:
1483:
1469:
1007:
993:
667:
1437:Free and open-source software portal
530:List of tools to create Live USB systems
187:
29:
18:
923:from the original on September 25, 2016
828:from the original on September 27, 2016
715:from the original on September 23, 2016
649:from the original on September 27, 2016
272:Linux apply all filesystem writes to a
161:with AGP graphics and the slot-loading
1990:
910:
840:If it doesn't it'll only use your RAM.
702:
636:
1490:
1464:
988:
785:
741:from the original on February 8, 2012
274:casper filesystem overlay (casper-rw)
880:
511:Free and open-source software portal
480:
466:
1379:Professional related certifications
883:"Create a Bootable USB Flash Drive"
788:"MactelSupportTeam/EFI-Boot-Mactel"
670:"Boot Linux from a FireWire device"
668:Honeyford, Martyn (July 15, 2004).
637:Singer, Michael (August 15, 2005).
369:YUMI Multiboot Bootable USB Creator
13:
975:How to create a Live USB in Ubuntu
798:from the original on March 4, 2016
14:
2014:
1158:List of software package managers
1143:Security-focused operating system
965:HOW TO: Create a working Live USB
938:
911:Gordon, Whitson (21 April 2014).
618:from the original on May 22, 2016
585:from the original on May 12, 2013
320:SD card (known as a Live SD, the
178:Boot Linux from a FireWire device
99:Many operating systems including
72:from. The term is reminiscent of
1587:Object-oriented operating system
1443:
1442:
1430:
1416:
639:"IBM brains capture a PC's soul"
503:
367:live USB; some examples include
171:Reincarnating PCs with Portable
1133:Distributions that run from RAM
904:
893:from the original on 2018-09-16
874:
863:from the original on 2017-10-23
845:
432:when installing a Linux system)
297:Intel-based Macintosh computers
1597:Supercomputer operating system
810:
779:
753:
727:
696:
661:
630:
600:
567:
332:persistence (computer science)
262:
76:but may encompass an external
1:
561:
301:Extensible Firmware Interface
134:
1572:Just enough operating system
1557:Distributed operating system
1090:GNU/Linux naming controversy
545:Comparison of Linux Live CDs
7:
1685:User space and kernel space
1186:Linux Documentation Project
1128:Netbook-specific comparison
786:knome (December 14, 2013).
496:
329:
316:until the user logs off. A
243:
202:
10:
2021:
1592:Real-time operating system
1085:Criticism of desktop Linux
955:Partitionless Installation
792:Ubuntu Community Help Wiki
258:or newer can be very slow.
1927:
1864:
1810:
1788:Multilevel feedback queue
1783:Fixed-priority preemptive
1771:
1706:
1697:
1667:
1614:
1605:
1567:Hobbyist operating system
1562:Embedded operating system
1544:
1498:
1410:
1377:
1257:
1209:
1168:
1108:
1095:Tanenbaum–Torvalds debate
1072:
1022:
1014:
818:"XFCE minimum install HD"
64:device containing a full
1831:General protection fault
1582:Network operating system
1536:User features comparison
339:
184:Benefits and limitations
1577:Mobile operating system
950:Universal USB Installer
357:Fedora Live USB Creator
349:Universal USB Installer
235:, thereby avoiding the
131:for a similar purpose.
115:and a large portion of
1680:Loadable kernel module
1271:Free Software Magazine
1201:Linux User Group (LUG)
703:Trevor (May 6, 2010).
196:
145:command-line interface
49:
27:
1748:Process control block
1714:Computer multitasking
1552:Disk operating system
550:Self-booting diskette
191:
127:has a feature titled
90:system administration
33:
22:
1919:Virtual tape library
1511:Forensic engineering
1196:Linux Mark Institute
737:. February 7, 2012.
446:Write Once Read Many
345:Various applications
125:Windows 8 Enterprise
1928:Supporting concepts
1914:Virtual file system
970:Debian Live project
735:"Plop Boot Manager"
684:on January 17, 2007
645:. CBS Interactive.
463:are simple to use.
377:Linux distributions
113:Windows XP Embedded
60:-attached external
1851:Segmentation fault
1699:Process management
1123:Distributions list
1118:General comparison
1080:Criticism of Linux
887:docs.microsoft.com
674:IBM DeveloperWorks
614:. March 22, 2016.
421:format, but other
268:LiveUSB OSes like
250:of hard drives or
246:mechanical latency
237:rotational latency
197:
151:Personal computers
50:
28:
1985:
1984:
1841:Memory protection
1812:Memory management
1806:
1805:
1798:Shortest job next
1693:
1692:
1492:Operating systems
1458:
1457:
859:. 13 March 2011.
822:Linux Mint Forums
794:. Canonical Ltd.
481:Microsoft Windows
467:Full installation
82:solid-state drive
2010:
1940:Computer network
1704:
1703:
1612:
1611:
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1478:
1471:
1462:
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1423:Linux portal
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1392:Linux Foundation
1191:Linux Foundation
1009:
1002:
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919:. Gawker Media.
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680:. Archived from
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654:
634:
628:
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625:
623:
604:
598:
597:
592:
590:
571:
540:Live USB creator
525:List of live CDs
513:
508:
507:
506:
425:can be used too)
334:
249:
110:
104:
74:USB flash drives
66:operating system
2020:
2019:
2013:
2012:
2011:
2009:
2008:
2007:
1988:
1987:
1986:
1981:
1923:
1884:Defragmentation
1869:
1860:
1846:Protection ring
1815:
1802:
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1663:
1601:
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1373:
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1205:
1164:
1148:Package manager
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1047:Booting process
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399:USB flash drive
388:Tiny Core Linux
342:
265:
205:
194:USB flash drive
186:
137:
106:
100:
78:hard disk drive
17:
12:
11:
5:
2018:
2017:
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1983:
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1970:User interface
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1387:CompTIA Linux+
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1335:
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1311:Linux Magazine
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1153:Package format
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939:External links
937:
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903:
873:
857:Pendrive Linux
844:
809:
778:
765:PenDrive Linux
752:
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695:
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461:live USB tools
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341:
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309:
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229:
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210:booting device
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185:
182:
141:bootable media
136:
133:
56:is a portable
43:OpenOffice.org
15:
9:
6:
4:
3:
2:
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1836:Memory paging
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1024:Linux kernel
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318:write-locked
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68:that can be
62:data storage
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1889:Device file
1879:Boot loader
1793:Round-robin
1718:Cooperative
1654:Rump kernel
1644:Multikernel
1634:Microkernel
1531:Usage share
1339:Linux Voice
1325:Ubuntu User
1278:Full Circle
1265:DistroWatch
1138:Lightweight
1052:Kernel oops
1042:Linux-libre
1037:Linus's law
709:How-To Geek
384:file system
322:solid-state
290:floppy disk
263:Limitations
35:Ubuntu 8.04
24:Puppy Linux
1992:Categories
1819:protection
1775:algorithms
1773:Scheduling
1722:Preemptive
1668:Components
1639:Monolithic
1506:Comparison
917:Lifehacker
897:2021-09-15
881:nnamuhcs.
867:2024-02-17
562:References
555:UNetbootin
381:persistent
361:UNetbootin
244:(see also
222:encryption
135:Background
1909:Partition
1826:Bus error
1753:Real-time
1733:Interrupt
1659:Unikernel
1624:Exokernel
1318:LinuxUser
1284:Linux.com
1176:LinuxChix
520:Boot disk
365:Multiboot
241:seek time
155:Macintosh
1998:Live USB
1955:Live USB
1817:resource
1707:Concepts
1545:Variants
1526:Timeline
1449:Category
1368:The Code
1355:Phoronix
1345:LugRadio
1229:Embedded
1219:Adopters
1211:Adoption
921:Archived
891:Archived
861:Archived
826:Archived
796:Archived
739:Archived
713:Archived
647:Archived
616:Archived
583:Archived
497:See also
491:WinToUSB
487:Diskpart
457:RAM disk
430:syslinux
375:. A few
305:firmware
203:Benefits
173:SoulPads
102:Mac OS 9
86:live CDs
54:live USB
47:Nautilus
37:running
1950:Live CD
1904:Journal
1868:access,
1866:Storage
1743:Process
1649:vkernel
1516:History
1499:General
1397:Red Hat
1350:LWN.net
1224:Desktop
1032:History
688:May 15,
453:Knoppix
256:USB 2.0
163:iMac G3
143:and a
39:Firefox
1758:Thread
1629:Hybrid
1607:Kernel
1402:Ubuntu
1239:Mobile
1234:Gaming
980:Casper
373:Ventoy
359:, and
303:(EFI)
270:Ubuntu
226:backup
213:users.
70:booted
1960:Shell
1899:Inode
1258:Media
1063:more…
1016:Linux
612:Apple
579:Apple
419:FAT32
353:Rufus
340:Setup
295:Some
280:card.
167:macOS
117:Linux
108:macOS
1521:List
929:2016
834:2016
804:2016
773:2024
747:2016
721:2016
690:2016
655:2016
643:CNET
624:2016
591:2016
474:live
371:and
330:see
326:WORM
285:BIOS
239:and
224:and
218:safe
176:and
119:and
45:and
2003:USB
1977:PXE
1965:CLI
1945:HAL
1935:API
1738:IPC
1057:Tux
678:IBM
489:or
412:MBR
410:An
314:RAM
121:BSD
80:or
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1994::
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