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511:, perturbed many of the artists, and they often responded with comments that they found the questions mundane and uninteresting. Emma Goldman, for example, justified her delayed response by complaining that the questions themselves bored her. She writes, “I have not written sooner because I find the questions really terribly uninteresting,” and continues that “since the questions are so ordinary the replies can be naught else.” Even Anderson and Heap agreed that the questions were unproductive: Anderson ended the magazine's run with an editorial in the 1929 issue in which she stated in reference to the questionnaire that “even the artist doesn't know what he’s talking about.”
417:, featured several blank pages (pages 1–13 in the issue). Anderson defended this move by claiming that contributors did not submit enough good work, so, as she notes on page one, “The September issue is offered as a Want Ad.” In the pages following the blank ones, Anderson published essays that were characteristic of the magazine's interest: two pieces about the San Francisco Bomb Case in which
320:“the American mouthpiece for all the new systems of art that the modern world had produced.” Under Heap's editorship, the magazine published more art in addition to literature and organized two expositions in conjunction with the magazine. The expositions were titled The Machine-Age Exposition and The International Theatre Exposition. In May 1929, the final issue of
437:. The blank pages issue infuriated some subscribers while it amused others. In particular, some readers were not amused by cartoons illustrating the daily activities of the editor. The cartoons picture the editor riding her horse, playing piano, and attending Emma Goldman lectures, among other activities.
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opening editorial, Anderson called for the creation of a new form of criticism for art, emphasizing, “... criticism as an art has not flourished in this country. We live too swiftly to have time to be appreciative; and criticism, after all, has only one synonym: appreciation”. This philosophy would
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s vanguard battle against puritan conventions and traditional sexual aesthetics, then the
Baroness was to become its fighting machine”. Following the obscenity trial, Anderson and Heap were forced to restrict the magazine's content to less inflammatory material, and they no longer printed their
263:
Mr. Joyce was not teaching early
Egyptian perversions nor inventing new ones. Girls lean back everywhere, showing lace and silk stockings; wear low-cut sleeveless blouses, breathless bathing suits; men think thoughts and have emotions about these things everywhere--seldom as delicately and
397:” in which she lauds the notable anarchist for her support of the elimination of private property and religion. The publication of this issue caused such a stir that several of the magazine's existing financial backers withdrew funding, leaving the magazine in dire straits.
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poetry, printing it alongside the serialization of
Ulysses from 1918-1921 and making Freytag-Loringhoven the journal's most frequently printed poet. Heap and the Baroness shared a confrontational feminist agenda. Gammel writes, “If Heap was the field marshall for
234:, a lawyer and well-known patron of modernist art, defended them at the trial, ultimately losing. The editors paid a fifty-dollar fine each as result of the judgment. Anderson briefly considered folding the magazine after the trial.
849:"Multi-Generational Archive of Correspondence, Photographs, Manuscripts and Personal Papers of Xavier Martinez, Elsie Martinez, Harriet Dean, Micaela Du Casse, and Ralph Du Casse, with Particular Emphasis on the Artists'"
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brief affiliation with anarchism: Goldman was a regular contributor and
Anderson wrote editorials advocating anarchism and art. In 1916, Heap became the magazine's co-editor and stayed with the magazine until 1929.
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and cultivated many early examples of experimental writing and art. Many contributors were
American, British, Irish, and French. In addition to publishing a variety of international literature,
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continued to publish, publication had become irregular during this time. By 1925, after being in Europe for a time, Anderson and Heap parted ways: Heap returned to New York with
1285:: a cover-to-cover, searchable digital edition of volumes 1-9 (73 issues), from March 1914 to Winter 1922. PDFs of these issues may be downloaded for free from the MJP website.
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In the Dec. 1919 issue, the individual identified as serving in the capacity of "Advisory Board" and who provided some content for the magazine was signed simply as "jh".
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328:, after creating the magazine as place to record her own thoughts “I decided that there had been enough of this. Everyone was doing it—the artist above all”.
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The Spring 1923 “Exiles” issue is noteworthy because it published works by
American expatriates living in Paris as well as the Parisian avant-garde including
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393:. The May 1914 issue sparked conversation and controversy about the magazine since it was there that Anderson published her essay titled “The Challenge of
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began as a journal of criticism but also published original poetry and fiction. During the first few years, the magazine published pieces that championed
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selected for this first issue established the magazine's concern with feminism, art, conversation, and criticism that it pursued throughout its run.
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469:(Hilda Doolittle). Perhaps the most important contribution of this issue was its publication of six vignettes from Hemingway's debut novel
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were accused and convicted (though later pardoned) of detonating a bomb during the July 22 parade held in honor of the U.S.’s entry into
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As evidenced in the May 1914 issue, Anderson's anarchistic sympathies became more apparent just a few months after she began the
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at
University of Wisconsin-Milwaukee Archives (Finding Aid for the editorial records, including photographs and correspondence)
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came under attack for its overall subversive tone and, in particular, its publication of the sexually explicit writings of the
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View the logo on the magazine’s table of contents at the
Modernist Journals Project digital edition of the Little Review.
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appeared as a series of letters and questionnaires from past contributors. Anderson reflects in her autobiography,
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shape the magazine throughout its fifteen-year run. 1915-1917, Harriet Dean was a fund raiser. In the early years,
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until 1921 when the Post Office seized copies of the magazine and refused to distribute them on the grounds that
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475:. Beyond Hemingway's work, the issue is noteworthy due to its inclusion of avant-garde French artists such as
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Pound/The Little Review, The
Letters of Ezra Pound to Margaret Anderson: The Little Review Correspondence.
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Pound/The Little Review, The
Letters of Ezra Pound to Margaret Anderson: The Little Review Correspondence.
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ended the magazine's run with “Confessions and Letters” from over fifty individuals in the arts, including
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One of a handful of issues published during the magazine's tenure in California, the September 1916
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is perhaps temperamentally closer to what I want done”. Pound became foreign editor in 1917.
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published a variety of literature, essays, and poetry. The magazine advocated themes like
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826:. Regional Oral History Office, The Bancroft Library, University of California, Berkeley
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Hoffman, Frederick J., Charles Allen, Carolyn F. Ulrich. (1946). “The Little Review.”
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s remarkable influence, an exhibition “Making No Compromise: Margaret Anderson and the
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990:. Eds. Irene Gammel and Suzanne Zelazo. Cambridge, Massachusetts: MIT Press, 2011, 27.
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The Public Face of Modernism: Little Magazine's, Audiences, and Reception, 1905-1920.
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as well its experimental front cover that reflected the tastes of editor Jane Heap.
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See the November 1916 issue for reader responses to the September 1916 issue at
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imaginatively as Mr. Bloom (in the "Nausicaa" episode)--and no one is corrupted.
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Body Sweats: The Uncensored Writings of Elsa Baroness von Freytag-Loringhoven
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Tashjian, Dickran. (1998). “From Anarchy to Group Force: The Social Text of
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http://modjourn.org/render.php?view=mjp_object&id=LittleReviewCollection
736:""Determined and Bigoted Feminists": Women, Magazines and Popular Modernism"
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Gammel, Irene and Suzanne Zelazo. “The First American Dada: Introduction.”
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was published, for a while, in San Francisco (after Chicago, for a while,
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in 1914 during the Chicago Literary Renaissance, naming it in honor of the
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at the gateway page for the Modernist Journals Project’s digital edition.
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True to its four pronged goal to publish "Literature, Drama, Music, Art",
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approached Anderson in late 1916 to help with the magazine, explaining, “
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My Thirty Years’ War: The Autobiography, Beginnings and Battles to 1930.
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My Thirty Years’ War: The Autobiography, Beginnings and Battles to 1930.
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Florence Reynolds collection related to Jane Heap and The Little Review
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820:"San Francisco Bay Area Writers and Artists, Elsie Whitaker Martinez"
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Though the April 1920 issue instigated the famous obscenity trial of
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and met Pound and other literary expatriates during the trip. While
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snaccooperative.org - Sources - Social Networks and Archival Context
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Elsa: Gender, Dada, and Everyday Modernity. A Cultural Biography
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Defunct visual arts magazines published in the United States
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Celebrating the life and work of Margaret Anderson and the
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Beyond Imagining: Margaret Anderson and the "Little Review"
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Defunct literary magazines published in the United States
1208:. Cambridge, Massachusetts: MIT Press, 2002. Pg. 238-261.
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Beyond Imagining: Margaret Anderson and the Little Review
1297:(Scanned copies of original editions from 1914 to 1922).
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Mary Biggs (January 1983). "Women's Literary Journals".
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Scott, Thomas L. and Melvin J. Friedman, eds. (1988).
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Ed. Naomi Sawelson-Gorse. Cambridge: MIT P. pg. 262-91
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342:, several other issues gained the magazine notoriety.
1184:— On Exhibition at The Beinecke Library, October 2006
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Scott, Thomas L. and Melvin J. Friedman, eds. (1988).
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The Library Quarterly: Information, Community, Policy
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Between 1925 and 1929, Heap, as the new editor, made
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motto, “Making No Compromise with the Public Taste”.
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1236:Women in Dada: Essays on Sex, Gender and Identity.
1214:The Little Magazine: A History and a Bibliography.
962:Baroness Elsa: Gender, Dada and Everyday Modernity
268:Although the obscenity trial was ostensibly about
964:. Cambridge, Massachusetts: MIT Press, 2002, 253.
779:Anderson, Margaret. (March 1914). “Announcement”
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1180:Making No Compromise: Margaret Anderson and the
738:. In Astradur Eysteinsson; Vivian Liska (eds.).
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255:, who initiated the suppression, Heap wrote of
251:. In response to John Summer, Secretary of the
202:Obscenity trial of Ulysses in The Little Review
74:. The magazine's most well known work was the
247:, whose book was titled based on a quote from
189:, then Margaret C. Anderson took it to Paris.
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1348:Defunct magazines published in New York City
1219:Morrisson, Mark. (2001). “Youth in Public:
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944:Cardozo Arts & Entertainment Law Journal
253:New York Society for the Suppression of Vice
1313:Special Collections, University of Delaware
818:Baum, Willa K; Walker, Franklin Dickerson.
644:Academy Award for Documentary Short Subject
507:. The questionnaire, primarily designed by
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301:In 1923, Anderson and Heap traveled to
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1227:Madison: U of Wisconsin P. pg. 133-66.
1053:Scholes, Robert. Short Description of
921:", 38 N.Y.L. Sch. L. Rev. 401 (1993);
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206:The magazine serialized James Joyce's
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435:Oscar Wilde: His Life and Confessions
385:May 1914 issue (Emma Goldman Scandal)
278:Baroness Elsa von Freytag-Loringhoven
1223:and Commercial Culture in Chicago.”
768:Too Late to Lament: An Autobiography
675:, in October 2006 for three months.
1216:Princeton: Princeton UP. pg. 52-66.
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947:, v.9, pp. 387-391 (July 10, 1991).
642:The magazine was the subject of an
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1255:Anderson, Margaret, ed. (1969).
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1201:and Its Dada Fuse, 1918 to 1921.”
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960:and Its Dada Fuse, 1918 to 1921.”
409:The daily activities of the editor
401:Blank pages issue (September 1916)
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770:. London, Gollanez, 1955. p. 128.
744:John Benjamins Publishing Company
365:, and literary pieces written by
313:and Anderson remained in Europe.
280:. Heap championed the Baroness's
1338:Magazines disestablished in 1929
1302:Little Review Records, 1914-1964
1248:Anderson, Margaret, ed. (1953).
1125:jh (December 1919). "Masthead".
1085:Goldman, Emma. “Questionnaire.”
902:New York: New Directions. pg. 6.
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653:(1991), by Wendy L. Weinberg.
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357:'s experimental poetry called
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332:Content and noteworthy issues
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1250:The Little Review Anthology.
1032:New York: Horizon P. pg. 265
1028:Anderson, Margaret. (1969).
578:Elsa von Freytag-Loringhoven
441:Exiles’ number (Spring 1923)
243:by First Amendment attorney
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272:, Irene Gammel argues that
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1283:Modernist Journals Project
1252:New York: Hermitage House.
919:Girls Lean Back Everywhere
794:"Dean, Harriet, 1892-1964"
734:Elizabeth Majerus (2007).
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214:continued to publish
925:, v.254, 898 (1992).
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193:Obscenity trial of
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781:The Little Review
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18:Little Review
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431:Frank Harris
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70:artwork and
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1144:Overview -
884:4 September
858:4 September
830:4 September
803:4 September
699:(1): 1–25.
557:James Joyce
497:James Joyce
487:Final issue
472:in our time
427:World War I
353:as well as
257:James Joyce
42:founded by
37:avant-garde
1322:Categories
923:The Nation
679:References
561:Amy Lowell
545:T.S. Eliot
541:Floyd Dell
533:Hart Crane
505:Ezra Pound
367:Floyd Dell
355:Ezra Pound
297:Post-trial
232:John Quinn
168:Ezra Pound
154:Muir Woods
148:published
68:surrealist
60:modernists
56:Ezra Pound
1353:Modernism
973:Gammel, “
783:. pg. 1-2
740:Modernism
721:144524844
647:nominated
610:Max Ernst
509:Jane Heap
363:Nietzsche
249:Jane Heap
181:moved to
177:In 1917,
160:, in the
146:Jane Heap
136:In 1916,
122:anarchism
120:and even
52:Jane Heap
1311:held by
1133:(8): 29.
1012:Gammel,
999:Gammel,"
874:"MARTIE"
638:In media
594:Hans Arp
565:Mina Loy
118:feminism
1281:at The
1003:," 241.
977:," 246.
713:4307573
359:Imagism
351:anarchy
339:Ulysses
270:Ulysses
228:Ulysses
220:Ulysses
216:Ulysses
208:Ulysses
195:Ulysses
91:History
84:Ulysses
72:Dadaism
1148:(1994)
1016:, 258.
750:
719:
711:
589:In art
503:, and
465:, and
373:, and
717:S2CID
709:JSTOR
661:'
303:Paris
290:'
107:. In
1115:p122
886:2023
860:2023
832:2023
805:2023
748:ISBN
537:H.D.
479:and
467:H.D.
421:and
282:Dada
144:and
54:and
1293:at
1234:.”
701:doi
433:’s
259::
185:in
164:).
78:of
1324::
1131:VI
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1021:^
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20:)
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