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Compared to their contemporaries, devotional subjects are notably absent in the work of the
Nuremberg artists, who were all expelled from the city for their religious views in 1525 – an episode that still remains rather unclear. Their prints were very widely disseminated, and both drawn copies and
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Hans Sebald Beham and Pencz continued to produce engravings until shortly before their deaths in 1550, which effectively ended the style; Barthel Beham had died in 1540. Barthel is generally considered the most inventive of the
Nuremberg trio, but his brother Sebald was much more productive, with
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prints, although their size was in fact no smaller than the bottom end of the very cheap devotional woodcuts made throughout the 15th century. However
Altdorfer's printmaking developed in different directions, though he continued to produce some small engravings until the 1520s, by which time the
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and various other decorative media, from bronze plaques to stoneware pottery. In addition many of their prints were "ornament prints", consisting entirely of ornament in the
Renaissance style, which as well as being collected were designed to be used as patterns for craftsmen in various media.
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230:, who may be either Pencz, Sebald Beham, or a separate artist. Other artists who did some work on a similar small scale, but are not usually classified as part of the "Little Masters" group, include:
180:, influenced their choice of subjects and compositional style, to which Northern themes of death (Death appears personified in many prints, as above) and humour are added. The prints of
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of peasant life. The size and subject matter of the prints shows that they were designed for a market of collectors who would keep them in albums, of which a number have survived.
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The earliest artist to make very small intricate engravings was
Altdorfer in 1506–7, probably following the example of Italian
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is often similar in size and must have appealed to a similar market, as did the rather later work of the French printmaker
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perhaps the finest technique, and also copied some of
Barthel's prints after his death. Aldegrever was a convinced
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leanings, which perhaps led to him spending much of his time producing ornament prints with no human figures.
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style had been taken up by the
Nuremberg artists, the Beham brothers and their close friend Pencz.
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Dürers unfolgsame Erben. Bildstrategien in den
Kupferstichen der deutschen Kleinmeister
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If he is the "Knecht" (boy) "Jörg" recorded as marrying Dürer's maid. Hind, p. 85
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The World in
Miniature: Engravings by the German Little Masters, 1500-1550
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Zwischen Dürer und
Raffael. Graphikserien Nürnberger Kleinmeister
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51:, some no larger than a postage stamp. The leading members were
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who worked in the first half of the 16th century, primarily in
226:, and there are some prints by a "Master IB", named after his
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was used of the Nuremberg Little Masters as early as 1679, by
308:, engraving, 1520, 5.7 × 3.6 cm, perhaps a parody of Dürer's
75:. Many of the Little Masters' subjects were mythological or
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One of a series of tiny (about 5.1 x 7.9 cm) prints of the
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examples of the originals have been found in albums from
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India, and their figurative compositions were copied in
168:, with whom Barthel Beham is supposed to have worked in
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An example of a stoneware jug is at Bartrum, pp. 112–13
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Mayor, p. 315, and Russell, p. 11 and passim throughout
393:, p. 46, British Museum Press (in UK), 2nd edn, 1996
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a group of 6th-century BC Ancient Greek vase-painters
597:, 1988, Spencer Museum of Art University of Kansas,
331:(Ira), from a set of The Seven Vices, 8.4 × 5.4 cm
47:. They specialized in very small finely detailed
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574:Eva/Ave; Women in Renaissance and Baroque Prints
643:Wake Forest University Print Collection article
184:contain similar treatments of sexual themes.
156:Their engraving style was based on the work of
548:, Metropolitan Museum of Art/Princeton, 1971,
576:, National Gallery of Art, Washington, 1990,
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492:Landau & Parshall, pp. 332 and 356
79:stories, often treated erotically, or
306:Genius on a Globe Floating in the Air
510:German Renaissance Prints, 1490–1550
558:David Landau & Peter Parshall,
437:The full set with catalogue details
148:. The influence of the friezes of
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651:, dealer's exhibition of 44 prints
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528:A History of Engraving and Etching
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250:in Switzerland and England, and
218:Minor members of the group were
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172:. Raimondi, and the exterior
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21:Death and the Standing Nude
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593:Goddard, Stephen H. (ed);
262:. The etched work of the
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39:), were a group of German
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258:) and "Master S" in the
248:Hans Holbein the Younger
427:Bartrum, pp. 12 and 115
607:Möseneder, Karl (ed);
391:Prints and Printmaking
346:, Dancing Couple from
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178:Polidoro di Caravaggio
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150:Polidoro di Caravaggio
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560:The Renaissance Print
368:Phyllis and Aristotle
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671:German art movements
166:Marcantonio Raimondi
92:Joachim von Sandrart
611:, Petersberg 2010,
344:Heinrich Aldegrever
287:Hercules and a Muse
137:Labours of Hercules
69:Heinrich Aldegrever
35:("Kleinmeister" in
666:German printmakers
625:, Petersberg 2013
572:H. Diane Russell,
389:Antony Griffiths,
283:Albrecht Altdorfer
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182:Hans Baldung Grien
160:master printmaker
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73:Albrecht Altdorfer
29:
631:978-3-86568-650-3
617:978-3-86568-571-1
603:978-0-913689-26-4
546:Prints and People
456:Mayor, pp. 315–17
350:set, 5.3 × 3.8 cm
142:Hans Sebald Beham
53:Hans Sebald Beham
25:Hans Sebald Beham
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268:Etienne Delaune
214:, 2.4 × 8.4 cm.
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637:External links
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542:A. Hyatt Mayor
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523:Arthur M. Hind
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465:Bartrum, p. 12
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236:Matthias Zundt
208:Ornament print
162:Albrecht Dürer
123:who developed
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55:, his brother
33:Little Masters
27:, 7.5 x 4.8 cm
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649:A Small World
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252:Dirk Vellert
246:in Germany,
232:Virgil Solis
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88:Kleinmeister
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81:genre scenes
61:George Pencz
32:
30:
20:
483:Hind, p. 85
325:Georg Pencz
260:Netherlands
220:Jacob Binck
212:Jacob Binck
176:friezes of
63:, all from
41:printmakers
23:, 1547, by
660:Categories
500:References
240:Jost Amman
125:Anabaptist
371:, c. 1545
158:Nuremberg
86:The term
65:Nuremberg
45:engraving
228:monogram
121:Lutheran
310:Nemesis
256:etching
194:Limoges
106:Artists
57:Barthel
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242:, and
197:enamel
190:Mughal
174:fresco
112:niello
67:, and
59:, and
49:prints
37:German
377:Notes
329:Wrath
627:ISBN
613:ISBN
599:ISBN
578:ISBN
564:ISBN
550:ISBN
533:ISBN
514:ISBN
395:ISBN
254:(in
222:and
170:Rome
71:and
31:The
210:by
140:by
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98:to
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Text is available under the Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike License. Additional terms may apply.
