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Outline of physics

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2824: 223: 60: 1163:" because the other natural sciences (like biology, geology etc.) deal with systems that seem to obey the laws of physics. According to physics, the physical laws of matter, energy and the fundamental forces of nature govern the interactions between particles and physical entities (such as planets, molecules, atoms or the subatomic particles). Some of the basic pursuits of physics, which include some of the most prominent developments in modern science in the last millennium, include: 236: 883:– history of the studies the universe beyond Earth, including its formation and development, and the evolution, physics, chemistry, meteorology, and motion of celestial objects (such as galaxies, planets, etc.) and phenomena that originate outside the atmosphere of Earth (such as the cosmic background radiation). 400:– studies the universe beyond Earth, including its formation and development, and the evolution, physics, chemistry, meteorology, and motion of celestial objects (such as galaxies, planets, etc.) and phenomena that originate outside the atmosphere of Earth (such as the cosmic background radiation). 3022:
Note: The term 'universe' is defined as everything that physically exists: the entirety of space and time, all forms of matter, energy and momentum, and the physical laws and constants that govern them. However, the term 'universe' may also be used in slightly different contextual senses, denoting
2890:, as his most compact statement of all scientific knowledge: "If, in some cataclysm, all of scientific knowledge were to be destroyed, and only one sentence passed on to the next generations ..., what statement would contain the most information in the fewest words? I believe it is ... that 677:– the branch of mechanics concerned with the analysis of loads (force, torque/moment) on physical systems in static equilibrium, that is, in a state where the relative positions of subsystems do not vary over time, or where components and structures are at a constant velocity. 344:) – widely recognized category of specialized expertise within science, and typically embodies its own terminology and nomenclature. Such a field will usually be represented by one or more scientific journals, where peer-reviewed research is published. 925:– history of the natural science that deals with the study of celestial objects (such as stars, planets, comets, nebulae, star clusters and galaxies) and phenomena that originate outside the atmosphere of Earth (such as cosmic background radiation) 2968:
science. Physicists observe the phenomena of nature and try to find patterns and principles that relate these phenomena. These patterns are called physical theories or, when they are very well established and of broad use, physical laws or
3128:
as the single most prolific scientific concept: "If, in some cataclysm, all scientific knowledge were to be destroyed one sentence  what statement would contain the most information in the fewest words? I believe it is  that
473:– natural science that deals with the study of celestial objects (such as stars, planets, comets, nebulae, star clusters, and galaxies) and phenomena that originate outside the atmosphere of Earth (such as cosmic background radiation) 3131:
all things are made up of atoms – little particles that move around in perpetual motion, attracting each other when they are a little distance apart, but repelling upon being squeezed into one another
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all things are made up of atoms – little particles that move around in perpetual motion, attracting each other when they are a little distance apart, but repelling upon being squeezed into one another.
513:– field of physics that studies polymers, their fluctuations, mechanical properties, as well as the kinetics of reactions involving degradation and polymerization of polymers and monomers respectively. 761:– the discipline focussing in understanding the counterintuitive aspects of the theory, including trying to find physical principles underlying them, and proposing generalisations of quantum theory. 2857: 975:– history of the branch of physics concerned with the behavior of physical bodies when subjected to forces or displacements, and the subsequent effects of the bodies on their environment. 3046: 1063:– history of the branch of physics which involves the behavior and properties of light, including its interactions with matter and the construction of instruments that use or detect it. 987:– history of the one of the two major sub-fields of mechanics, which is concerned with the set of physical laws describing the motion of bodies under the action of a system of forces. 639:– the branch of mechanics that deals with the analysis of the kinematics and the mechanical behavior of materials modeled as a continuous mass rather than as discrete particles. 587:– the branch of physics concerned with the behavior of physical bodies when subjected to forces or displacements, and the subsequent effects of the bodies on their environment. 493:– the branch of physics which involves the behavior and properties of light, including its interactions with matter and the construction of instruments that use or detect it. 1075:– history of the branch of physics that studies the existence and interactions of particles that are the constituents of what is usually referred to as matter or radiation. 817:– cryogenics is the study of the production of very low temperature (below −150 °C, −238 °F or 123 K) and the behavior of materials at those temperatures. 609:– one of the two major sub-fields of mechanics, which is concerned with the set of physical laws describing the motion of bodies under the action of a system of forces. 1116: 919:– history of the scientific study of planets (including Earth), moons, and planetary systems, in particular those of the Solar System and the processes that form them. 981:– history of the study of the structure and function of biological systems such as humans, animals, plants, organs, and cells by means of the methods of mechanics. 913:– history of the study of the largest-scale structures and dynamics of the universe and is concerned with fundamental questions about its formation and evolution. 581:– application of mathematics to problems in physics and the development of mathematical methods for such applications and the formulation of physical theories. 467:– the scientific study of planets (including Earth), moons, and planetary systems, in particular those of the Solar System and the processes that form them. 951:– history of the interdisciplinary research field, applying theories and methods originally developed by physicists in order to solve problems in economics 843:– deals with conceptual and interpretational issues in modern physics, many of which overlap with research done by certain kinds of theoretical physicists. 461:– the study of the largest-scale structures and dynamics of the universe and is concerned with fundamental questions about its formation and evolution. 930: 3146:"Physical science is that department of knowledge which relates to the order of nature, or, in other words, to the regular succession of events." ( 889:– history of the application of ballistics and celestial mechanics to the practical problems concerning the motion of rockets and other spacecraft. 603:– the study of the structure and function of biological systems such as humans, animals, plants, organs, and cells using the methods of mechanics. 2784: 1113:– history of the study of rigid matter, or solids, through methods such as quantum mechanics, crystallography, electromagnetism, and metallurgy. 2946:
Physical science is that department of knowledge which relates to the order of nature, or, in other words, to the regular succession of events.
990: 895:– history of the branch of astronomy that involves precise measurements of the positions and movements of stars and other celestial bodies. 17: 3416: 2799: 2129: 1087:– history of the quantitative investigations of the relationship between physical stimuli and the sensations and perceptions they affect. 93: 3391: 2105: 855:– history of the physical science that studies matter and its motion through space-time, and related concepts such as energy and force 267: 3411: 3406: 2774: 3339: 3309: 963:– history of the physics of the Earth and its environment in space; also the study of the Earth using quantitative physical methods 823:– interdisciplinary research field, applying theories and methods originally developed by physicists to solve problems in economics 3401: 3386: 2454: 537:– study and implementation of numerical algorithms to solve problems in physics for which a quantitative theory already exists. 484: 3371: 3366: 3437: 3202: 3178: 3082: 3055: 3004: 2939: 2908: 3381: 3376: 3275: 3359: 2061: 1005:– history of the branch of physics dealing with physical phenomena where the action is on the order of the Planck constant. 206: 1649:
column below contains links to articles with infoboxes at the top of their respective pages which list the major concepts.
725:– the branch of physics that studies the properties and interactions of the fundamental constituents of matter and energy. 440:– the branch of theoretical astronomy that deals with the calculation of the motions of celestial objects such as planets. 3396: 2113: 942: 565:– the physics of the Earth and its environment in space; also the study of the Earth using quantitative physical methods 3261: 2804: 2198: 1096: 731:– quantitatively investigates the relationship between physical stimuli and the sensations and perceptions they affect. 337:– one with academic departments, curricula and degrees; national and international societies; and specialized journals. 2467: 1046: 623:
of points, bodies (objects) and systems of bodies (groups of objects) without consideration of the causes of motion.
2764: 2290: 2274: 1023:– history of the branch of physical science concerned with heat and its relation to other forms of energy and work. 2823: 222: 59: 3168: 3116: 2898: 2880: 2210: 2012: 1932: 1008: 966: 737:– the study of plasma, a state of matter similar to gas in which a certain portion of the particles are ionized. 3447: 2842: 2341: 2101: 1110: 984: 957:– history of the branch of science concerned with the forces that occur between electrically charged particles. 904: 260: 685:– the branch of physics that deals with the application of physics in medicine – such as imaging exams ( 3225: 2852: 2623: 2427: 2193: 1936: 1104: 1090: 1078: 922: 910: 743:– branch of physics dealing with physical phenomena where the action is on the order of the Planck constant. 3332: 2837: 2680: 2595: 2165: 2117: 1722: 1122: 1072: 1054: 1002: 916: 690: 3099: 3348: 3252: 2847: 2689: 2492: 2246: 2157: 2081: 1968: 1948: 1464: 1040: 954: 829:– use of physics to describe materials in many different ways such as force, heat, light, and mechanics. 713:– the branch of physical science concerned with heat and its relation to other forms of energy and work. 707:– the branch of physics which studies any physical system that has a large number of degrees of freedom. 2769: 2004: 1778: 1673: 1629: 1170: 1028: 996: 686: 862:– history of the study of mechanical waves in solids, liquids, and gases (such as vibration and sound) 749:– the application of quantum theory to the study of fields (systems with infinite degrees of freedom). 3270: 3243: 2758: 2721: 2509: 2286: 2278: 2177: 2137: 2085: 1867: 1863: 1034: 1031:– history of the field of physics that studies the building blocks and interactions of atomic nuclei. 1020: 253: 70: 31: 2794: 2532: 2202: 2020: 1907: 1084: 1014: 886: 540: 201: 3072: 3325: 2779: 2717: 2358: 2153: 2145: 2141: 2052: 1980: 1944: 1843: 1506: 1263: 1066: 978: 948: 874: 443: 2931: 2258: 2185: 559:– branch of science concerned with the forces that occur between electrically charged particles. 2809: 2362: 2354: 2238: 2230: 1964: 1822: 1313: 1245: 1216: 1197: 865: 424:– the branch of astronomy that involves precise measurements of the positions and movements of 196: 2643: 2607: 2541: 2337: 2077: 2043: 1920: 1887: 1859: 1855: 1681: 1624: 960: 936: 892: 840: 704: 534: 379: 1093:– history of the study of the relationship between space and time in the absence of gravity 3234: 2992: 2988: 2517: 2443: 2382: 2370: 2366: 2350: 2333: 2242: 2189: 1894: 1693: 1677: 1540: 1535: 1438: 1167:
Describing the nature, measuring and quantifying of bodies and their motion, dynamics etc.
972: 898: 880: 859: 772: 746: 642: 578: 397: 8: 3292: 3188: 2537: 2431: 2415: 2325: 2218: 2149: 2121: 1960: 1952: 1782: 1742: 1709: 1668: 1572: 1491: 1468: 1458: 1160: 758: 752: 636: 616: 606: 501:– interdisciplinary science that uses the methods of physics to study biological systems 478: 437: 334: 106: 80: 3192: 2996: 2925: 3296: 3028: 2789: 2676: 2659: 2635: 2562: 2411: 2386: 2057: 1992: 1956: 1912: 1903: 1899: 1496: 1187: 852: 784: 778: 470: 458: 452: 374: 190: 89: 719:– field of physics that studies the building blocks and interactions of atomic nuclei. 3442: 3198: 3174: 3078: 3051: 3000: 2935: 2904: 2647: 2615: 2599: 2488: 2463: 2395: 2282: 2254: 2181: 2172: 2073: 1972: 1916: 1883: 1480: 1476: 1442: 1307: 1249: 1225: 1069:– measuring the response of materials to energy dependent probes of light and matter. 1060: 826: 755:– the study of the information-processing capabilities afforded by quantum mechanics. 694: 520: 464: 360: 133: 2672: 2668: 2651: 2574: 2471: 2435: 2407: 2403: 2320: 2222: 1871: 1839: 1801: 1770: 1734: 1501: 1398: 1339: 1272: 1221: 1144: 832: 722: 698: 660: 620: 556: 528: 367: 356: 294: 240: 138: 1640:
This is a list of the primary theories in physics, major subtopics, and concepts.
901:– history of the discipline that deals with the nature of the Universe as a whole. 3164: 3121: 3041: 2876: 2553: 2439: 2329: 2226: 2097: 1976: 1835: 1810: 1794: 1790: 1762: 1454: 1446: 1434: 1373: 1358: 1299: 1235: 766: 740: 716: 682: 648: 516: 510: 348: 286: 158: 1238:, their inter-conversion and the inevitable loss of energy in the form of heat ( 945:– history of the study of the physical properties of condensed phases of matter. 769:– the search for an account of gravitation fully compatible with quantum theory. 3312: 2829: 2619: 2579: 2549: 2525: 2484: 2459: 2419: 2346: 2266: 2262: 2250: 2125: 2039: 2016: 1875: 1847: 1806: 1705: 1530: 1268: 1239: 1212: 869: 801: 734: 710: 666: 572: 544: 227: 168: 153: 123: 37: 2982: 969:– the earliest physics theory with application in daily life through cosmology 3431: 3125: 2887: 2693: 2655: 2521: 2447: 2378: 2214: 2206: 2093: 2024: 1984: 1924: 1879: 1450: 1295: 1255: 787:– a theory that describes the propagation of matter and light at high speeds. 775:– theory of physics which describes the relationship between space and time. 728: 654: 626: 403: 3310:
Resource recommendations – List of freely available physics books – Physics
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and celestial mechanics to the practical problems concerning the motion of
377:– one that studies the role of physical processes in living organisms. See 118: 3011:
Physics is the study of your world and the world and universe around you.
2705: 2701: 2639: 2505: 2133: 2048: 1996: 1988: 1928: 1831: 1814: 1562: 1521: 1408: 1331: 1281: 1277: 797: 550: 3286: 2685: 2603: 2558: 2545: 2423: 2032: 1685: 1303: 814: 612: 562: 498: 421: 415: 407: 143: 128: 3301: 3317: 2858:
List of physics concepts in primary and secondary education curricula
2737: 2611: 2566: 2479: 2161: 2008: 2000: 1818: 1718: 1701: 1335: 1148: 584: 568: 531:– the branch of physics that studies chemical processes from physics. 447: 298: 186: 148: 113: 3047:
A Treatise on the Analytical Dynamics of Particles and Rigid Bodies
2896: 2741: 2664: 2501: 2390: 2109: 2065: 1758: 1746: 1609: 1567: 1550: 1418: 1393: 1193: 1017:– branch of mathematics driven by open questions in quantum physics 877:– history of the study of the physical aspects of celestial objects 314: 3306:, 3 vols., free online, Caltech & The Feynman Lectures Website 1037:– mechanism powering stars and modern weapons of mass destruction. 2713: 2399: 2234: 2069: 1940: 1714: 1689: 1592: 1545: 1426: 1368: 1202: 1043:– electricity, magnets, and light from radio waves to gamma rays 674: 446:– the branch of astronomy concerned with objects outside our own 341: 281: 51: 3280: 3101:
Elements of Mechanics Including Kinematics, Kinetics and Statics
1057:– From stones to silicon, understanding and manipulating matter. 939:– history of the study of physical processes relating to biology 3024: 2725: 2709: 2697: 2587: 2475: 1826: 1774: 1766: 1738: 1604: 1577: 1388: 1378: 1363: 1286: 1229: 1208: 1183: 1152: 1140: 490: 411: 352: 310: 302: 290: 163: 3108: 1099:– deep dive into one mathematical aspect of special relativity 3248: 2591: 2513: 1726: 1614: 1511: 1430: 1403: 1345: 1325: 1179: 1156: 455:– the study of our own Milky Way galaxy and all its contents. 306: 40:
is provided as an overview of and topical guide to physics:
3140: 2745: 2733: 2497: 2089: 1786: 1754: 1730: 1587: 1582: 1525: 1516: 1413: 1383: 1321: 1290: 1175: 835:– dynamics of vehicles, here assumed to be ground vehicles. 481:– the study of the application of physics to the atmosphere 425: 1258:
the transfer of energy from one source to work in another.
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History of Solar System formation and evolution hypotheses
2583: 645:– the study of the causes of motion and changes in motion 594: 3276:
Meta Institute for Computational Physics – Popular Talks
999:– history of the study of fluids and the forces on them. 993:– mathematical basis of classical and quantum mechanics. 434:– the study of the physical aspects of celestial objects 351:– one that seeks to elucidate the rules that govern the 3040: 2957: 1081:– Tabular summary of the relationship between elements. 933:– history of the study of how matter and light interact 571:– the study of physical phenomena that are mediated by 507:– branch of biophysics dealing with the nervous system. 3266: 809:– the study of soil physical properties and processes. 3257: 3239: 3230: 3221: 3097: 669:– study of the effect of forces on fluid motion 3295:", a website with outline of theoretical physics by 3163: 3134: 2819: 543:– the study of the physical properties of condensed 3070: 320: 329:Physics can be described as all of the following: 931:History of atomic, molecular, and optical physics 781:– a geometric, non-quantum theory of gravitation. 629:– the physics of complex, self-organizing systems 3429: 2897:R. P. Feynman; R. B. Leighton; M. Sands (1963). 2785:List of letters used in mathematics and science 1139:Physics – branch of science that studies 1107:– history of the non-quantum theory of gravity 1049:– classical field equation of electromagnetism 651:– the study of fluids and the forces on them. 309:. More broadly, it is the general analysis of 3333: 2923: 868:– history of the study of physics applied to 487:– the study of how matter and light interact 261: 2962:(11th ed.). Addison Wesley. p. 2. 991:History of variational principles in physics 2800:List of scientific units named after people 1344:The principles, sources, and properties of 313:, conducted in order to understand how the 3340: 3326: 3293:How to become a GOOD Theoretical Physicist 2980: 268: 254: 2775:List of important publications in physics 3283:– Compilation of YouTube Physics Courses 3034: 27:Overview of and topical guide to physics 3187: 3147: 1485: 14: 3430: 3347: 2960:University Physics with Modern Physics 2870: 2455:Atomic, molecular, and optical physics 1151:, along with related concepts such as 485:Atomic, molecular, and optical physics 370:– one that studies non-living systems. 301:, along with related concepts such as 3321: 3091: 3167:; Leighton, R.B.; Sands, M. (1963). 3064: 2298: 553:– the study of electrical phenomena. 3077:. Taylor & Francis. p. 1. 1134: 1129: 943:History of condensed matter physics 24: 3262:Canadian Association of Physicists 3135:Feynman, Leighton & Sands 1963 2958:H.D. Young; R.A. Freedman (2004). 2805:Variables commonly used in physics 1097:History of Lorentz transformations 1011:– modern branch of quantum theory. 800:– the study of physics applied to 25: 3459: 3215: 2468:atomic and molecular astrophysics 663:– study of fluids in motion 2822: 2765:List of common physics notations 2550:nanoscale and mesoscopic physics 2291:Heisenberg uncertainty principle 340:A scientific field (a branch of 235: 234: 221: 58: 3417:Technology and applied sciences 3303:The Feynman Lectures on Physics 3251:is the website of the American 3170:The Feynman Lectures on Physics 3117:The Feynman Lectures on Physics 2900:The Feynman Lectures on Physics 2013:special principle of relativity 1933:general principle of relativity 1009:History of quantum field theory 967:History of gravitational theory 657:– study of fluids at rest 3157: 3098:Thomas Wallace Wright (1896). 3050:. Cambridge University Press. 3016: 2974: 2951: 2917: 2843:Category:Physics-related lists 2342:particle physics phenomenology 1556: 1111:History of solid-state physics 1047:History of Maxwell's equations 985:History of classical mechanics 905:History of the Big Bang theory 13: 1: 3392:Natural and physical sciences 3287:Physics | Channel | MIT Video 3226:American Institute of Physics 2853:Glossary of classical physics 2624:spontaneous symmetry breaking 2428:spontaneous symmetry breaking 2194:quantum statistical mechanics 1125:– ultra-cold state of matter. 1119:long enough to explain itself 1105:History of general relativity 1091:History of special relativity 1079:History of the periodic table 911:History of physical cosmology 3438:Outlines of natural sciences 3071:Joseph Stiles Beggs (1983). 2903:. Vol. 1. p. I-2. 2838:Category:Concepts in physics 2681:law of universal gravitation 2166:zeroth law of thermodynamics 2118:second law of thermodynamics 1123:History of superconductivity 1073:History of subatomic physics 1055:History of materials science 1003:History of quantum mechanics 923:History of stellar astronomy 917:History of planetary science 18:List of basic physics topics 7: 3412:Society and social sciences 3407:Religion and belief systems 3253:Society of Physics Students 3104:. E and FN Spon. Chapter 1. 2930:. D. Van Nostrand. p.  2848:Elementary physics formulae 2815: 2690:cosmic background radiation 2493:quantum information science 2247:quantum harmonic oscillator 2158:third law of thermodynamics 2082:first law of thermodynamics 1949:inertial frame of reference 1635: 1159:. Physics is one of the " 1041:History of electromagnetism 955:History of electromagnetism 428:and other celestial bodies. 391: 289:that involves the study of 10: 3464: 2770:Lists of physics equations 2005:relativity of simultaneity 1029:History of nuclear physics 997:History of fluid mechanics 847: 753:Quantum information theory 29: 3355: 3271:European Physical Society 3244:American Physical Society 2759:Index of physics articles 2722:gravitational singularity 2510:electromagnetic radiation 2287:Pauli exclusion principle 2178:Path integral formulation 2138:thermodynamic equilibrium 1868:electromagnetic radiation 1864:electromagnetic induction 1598: 1035:History of nuclear fusion 1021:History of thermodynamics 593:– study of the motion of 523:to biological phenomenon. 207:List of unsolved problems 32:Index of physics articles 2863: 2795:List of physics journals 2753: 2644:high-energy astrophysics 2596:Bose–Einstein condensate 2533:Condensed matter physics 2203:correspondence principle 1908:Einstein field equations 1264:Kinetic molecular theory 1085:History of psychophysics 1015:History of string theory 907:– origin of the universe 887:History of astrodynamics 541:Condensed matter physics 3402:Philosophy and thinking 3042:Edmund Taylor Whittaker 2780:List of laws in science 2718:gravitational radiation 2546:low-temperature physics 2199:Adiabatic approximation 2146:thermodynamic processes 2142:thermodynamic potential 1981:principle of relativity 1945:gravitoelectromagnetism 1844:electrical conductivity 1674:Newton's laws of motion 1630:Newton's laws of motion 1465:mass–energy equivalence 1171:Newton's laws of motion 1067:History of spectroscopy 979:History of biomechanics 949:History of econophysics 875:History of astrophysics 444:Extragalactic astronomy 3269:is the website of the 3260:is the website of the 3242:is the website of the 3233:is the website of the 3224:is the website of the 2924:J. C. Maxwell (1878). 2810:List of physics awards 2648:planetary astrophysics 2363:effective field theory 2355:quantum chromodynamics 1965:Lorentz transformation 1463:Theoretical concepts: 1314:laws of thermodynamics 1198:conservation of energy 866:History of agrophysics 325:of subject is physics? 197:List of physics awards 3448:Physics-related lists 3387:Mathematics and logic 3023:concepts such as the 2608:electrical conduction 2542:high pressure physics 2338:particle astrophysics 2279:wave–particle duality 2078:equipartition theorem 2044:statistical mechanics 1921:equivalence principle 1888:magnetic permeability 1860:electromagnetic field 1856:electrical resistance 1852:electric permittivity 1682:Hamiltonian mechanics 1625:Constant acceleration 1205:, theories of gravity 961:History of geophysics 937:History of biophysics 893:History of astrometry 841:Philosophy of physics 705:Statistical mechanics 535:Computational physics 380:Outline of biophysics 3372:Geography and places 3367:Culture and the arts 3235:Institute of Physics 2660:stellar astrophysics 2444:theory of everything 2383:Grand Unified Theory 2371:lattice gauge theory 2367:lattice field theory 2351:quantum field theory 2334:nuclear astrophysics 2243:quantum entanglement 2190:quantum field theory 2186:Schrödinger equation 2154:thermodynamic system 2130:statistical ensemble 2102:irreversible process 2021:stress–energy tensor 1895:Theory of relativity 1678:Lagrangian mechanics 1541:Statistical ensemble 1536:Physical interaction 1486:Fundamental concepts 1439:physical observation 1161:fundamental sciences 973:History of mechanics 899:History of cosmology 881:History of astronomy 860:History of acoustics 747:Quantum field theory 579:Mathematical physics 3197:. D. Van Nostrand. 3029:philosophical world 2997:2005pfd..book.....H 2984:Physics for Dummies 2981:S. Holzner (2006). 2640:gravitation physics 2538:Solid state physics 2416:elementary particle 2326:Accelerator physics 2219:identical particles 2150:thermodynamic state 2122:spontaneous process 2062:conjugate variables 1961:Lorentzian manifold 1823:Maxwell's equations 1783:harmonic oscillator 1710:continuum mechanics 1669:Classical mechanics 1573:Conversion of units 1469:elementary particle 1459:physical experiment 1246:Energy conservation 759:Quantum foundations 637:Continuum mechanics 619:that describes the 617:classical mechanics 607:Classical mechanics 479:Atmospheric physics 438:Celestial mechanics 335:academic discipline 46:Part of a series on 3382:History and events 3377:Health and fitness 3349:Knowledge outlines 3281:ScienceMathMastery 3209:matter and motion. 2790:List of physicists 2677:general relativity 2387:superstring theory 2359:electroweak theory 2114:reversible process 2106:partition function 2058:Boltzmann constant 1957:length contraction 1904:general relativity 1900:Special relativity 1330:The principles of 1320:The principles of 1217:their relationship 1188:mass versus weight 853:History of physics 785:Special Relativity 779:General Relativity 615:– branch of 459:Physical cosmology 453:Galactic astronomy 375:biological science 361:scientific methods 228:Physics portal 3425: 3424: 3360:General reference 3204:978-0-486-66895-6 3194:Matter and Motion 3180:978-0-201-02116-5 3126:atomic hypothesis 3084:978-0-89116-355-8 3057:978-0-521-35883-5 3006:978-0-470-61841-7 2941:978-0-486-66895-6 2927:Matter and Motion 2910:978-0-201-02116-5 2888:atomic hypothesis 2751: 2750: 2616:self-organization 2489:quantum chemistry 2464:molecular physics 2396:Fundamental force 2299:Concepts by field 2296: 2295: 2283:zero-point energy 2259:Schrödinger's cat 2255:quantum tunneling 2182:scattering theory 2173:Quantum mechanics 2074:equation of state 1973:Minkowski diagram 1917:Einstein manifold 1884:magnetic monopole 1481:physical constant 1477:fundamental force 1443:physical quantity 1350:Basic quantities 1273:phase transitions 1061:History of optics 827:Materials physics 521:quantum mechanics 519:– application of 471:Stellar astronomy 465:Planetary science 406:– application of 278: 277: 134:Classical physics 16:(Redirected from 3455: 3342: 3335: 3328: 3319: 3318: 3211: 3184: 3151: 3144: 3138: 3114:At the start of 3112: 3106: 3105: 3095: 3089: 3088: 3068: 3062: 3061: 3038: 3032: 3020: 3014: 3013: 2978: 2972: 2971: 2955: 2949: 2948: 2921: 2915: 2914: 2874: 2832: 2827: 2826: 2673:cosmic inflation 2669:Lambda-CDM model 2575:many-body theory 2472:chemical physics 2321:Particle physics 2303: 2302: 2223:matrix mechanics 1872:Gaussian surface 1840:electric current 1802:Electromagnetism 1779:conservation law 1771:angular momentum 1654: 1653: 1399:Potential energy 1340:electromagnetism 1269:Phases of matter 1135:Basic principles 1130:General concepts 833:Vehicle dynamics 723:Particle physics 699:nuclear medicine 661:Fluid kinematics 557:Electromagnetism 545:phases of matter 529:Chemical physics 448:Milky Way Galaxy 368:physical science 270: 263: 256: 243: 238: 237: 230: 226: 225: 202:List of journals 139:Electromagnetism 62: 43: 42: 21: 3463: 3462: 3458: 3457: 3456: 3454: 3453: 3452: 3428: 3427: 3426: 3421: 3397:People and self 3351: 3346: 3297:Gerard 't Hooft 3218: 3205: 3181: 3173:. Vol. 1. 3160: 3155: 3154: 3145: 3141: 3122:Richard Feynman 3113: 3109: 3096: 3092: 3085: 3069: 3065: 3058: 3039: 3035: 3021: 3017: 3007: 2979: 2975: 2956: 2952: 2942: 2922: 2918: 2911: 2877:Richard Feynman 2875: 2871: 2866: 2828: 2821: 2818: 2756: 2563:Bloch's theorem 2554:polymer physics 2440:quantum gravity 2404:electromagnetic 2330:nuclear physics 2301: 2227:Planck constant 2098:internal energy 1993:reference frame 1977:Minkowski space 1937:geodesic motion 1836:electric charge 1811:electrodynamics 1660:Major subtopics 1638: 1601: 1559: 1488: 1455:physical theory 1435:physical system 1359:Electric charge 1252:, and transfer. 1236:forms of Energy 1137: 1132: 850: 767:Quantum gravity 741:Quantum physics 717:Nuclear physics 683:Medical Physics 649:Fluid mechanics 517:Quantum biology 511:Polymer physics 394: 349:natural science 327: 287:natural science 274: 233: 220: 219: 212: 211: 182: 174: 173: 159:Nuclear physics 109: 99: 85: 34: 28: 23: 22: 15: 12: 11: 5: 3461: 3451: 3450: 3445: 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number 2196: 2175: 2169: 2168: 2126:state function 2055: 2053:kinetic theory 2046: 2040:Thermodynamics 2036: 2035: 2017:speed of light 1910: 1897: 1891: 1890: 1876:magnetic field 1848:electric field 1829: 1807:Electrostatics 1804: 1798: 1797: 1712: 1706:fluid dynamics 1671: 1665: 1664: 1661: 1658: 1652: 1651: 1637: 1634: 1633: 1632: 1627: 1622: 1617: 1612: 1607: 1600: 1597: 1596: 1595: 1590: 1585: 1580: 1575: 1570: 1565: 1558: 1555: 1554: 1553: 1548: 1543: 1538: 1533: 1531:Physical field 1528: 1519: 1514: 1509: 1504: 1499: 1494: 1487: 1484: 1447:physical state 1424: 1423: 1422: 1421: 1416: 1411: 1406: 1401: 1396: 1391: 1386: 1381: 1376: 1371: 1366: 1361: 1356: 1348: 1342: 1328: 1318: 1317: 1316: 1310: 1293: 1284: 1275: 1261: 1260: 1259: 1253: 1243: 1240:thermodynamics 1232: 1219: 1206: 1200: 1191: 1173: 1149:space and time 1136: 1133: 1131: 1128: 1127: 1126: 1120: 1114: 1108: 1102: 1101: 1100: 1088: 1082: 1076: 1070: 1064: 1058: 1052: 1051: 1050: 1038: 1032: 1026: 1025: 1024: 1018: 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63: 55: 54: 48: 47: 36:The following 26: 9: 6: 4: 3: 2: 3460: 3449: 3446: 3444: 3441: 3439: 3436: 3435: 3433: 3418: 3415: 3413: 3410: 3408: 3405: 3403: 3400: 3398: 3395: 3393: 3390: 3388: 3385: 3383: 3380: 3378: 3375: 3373: 3370: 3368: 3365: 3364: 3361: 3358: 3357: 3354: 3350: 3343: 3338: 3336: 3331: 3329: 3324: 3323: 3320: 3314: 3311: 3308: 3305: 3304: 3300: 3298: 3294: 3290: 3288: 3285: 3282: 3279: 3277: 3274: 3272: 3268: 3265: 3263: 3259: 3256: 3254: 3250: 3247: 3245: 3241: 3238: 3236: 3232: 3229: 3227: 3223: 3220: 3219: 3210: 3206: 3200: 3196: 3195: 3190: 3189:Maxwell, J.C. 3186: 3182: 3176: 3172: 3171: 3166: 3165:Feynman, R.P. 3162: 3161: 3149: 3143: 3136: 3132: 3127: 3123: 3119: 3118: 3111: 3103: 3102: 3094: 3086: 3080: 3076: 3075: 3067: 3059: 3053: 3049: 3048: 3043: 3037: 3030: 3026: 3019: 3012: 3008: 3002: 2998: 2994: 2991:. p. 7. 2990: 2986: 2985: 2977: 2970: 2967: 2961: 2954: 2947: 2943: 2937: 2933: 2929: 2928: 2920: 2912: 2906: 2902: 2901: 2894: 2889: 2885: 2884: 2878: 2873: 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1315: 1311: 1309: 1305: 1301: 1297: 1294: 1292: 1288: 1285: 1283: 1279: 1276: 1274: 1270: 1267: 1266: 1265: 1262: 1257: 1256:Energy source 1254: 1251: 1247: 1244: 1241: 1237: 1233: 1231: 1227: 1223: 1220: 1218: 1214: 1210: 1207: 1204: 1201: 1199: 1195: 1192: 1189: 1185: 1181: 1177: 1174: 1172: 1169: 1168: 1166: 1165: 1164: 1162: 1158: 1154: 1150: 1146: 1142: 1124: 1121: 1118: 1115: 1112: 1109: 1106: 1103: 1098: 1095: 1094: 1092: 1089: 1086: 1083: 1080: 1077: 1074: 1071: 1068: 1065: 1062: 1059: 1056: 1053: 1048: 1045: 1044: 1042: 1039: 1036: 1033: 1030: 1027: 1022: 1019: 1016: 1013: 1010: 1007: 1004: 1001: 998: 995: 992: 989: 986: 983: 980: 977: 976: 974: 971: 968: 965: 962: 959: 956: 953: 950: 947: 944: 941: 938: 935: 932: 929: 924: 921: 918: 915: 912: 909: 906: 903: 900: 897: 894: 891: 888: 885: 884: 882: 879: 876: 873: 871: 867: 864: 861: 858: 857: 856: 854: 842: 839: 834: 831: 828: 825: 822: 819: 816: 813: 808: 805: 804: 803: 799: 796: 795: 794: 791: 786: 783: 780: 777: 776: 774: 771: 768: 765: 760: 757: 754: 751: 748: 745: 744: 742: 739: 736: 733: 730: 729:Psychophysics 727: 724: 721: 718: 715: 712: 709: 706: 703: 700: 696: 692: 688: 684: 681: 676: 673: 668: 665: 662: 659: 656: 655:Fluid statics 653: 652: 650: 647: 644: 641: 638: 635: 628: 627:Homeokinetics 625: 624: 622: 618: 614: 611: 610: 608: 605: 602: 599: 596: 592: 589: 588: 586: 583: 580: 577: 574: 570: 567: 564: 561: 558: 555: 552: 549: 546: 542: 539: 536: 533: 530: 527: 522: 518: 515: 512: 509: 506: 503: 502: 500: 497: 492: 489: 488: 486: 483: 480: 477: 472: 469: 466: 463: 460: 457: 454: 451: 449: 445: 442: 439: 436: 433: 430: 427: 423: 420: 417: 413: 409: 405: 404:Astrodynamics 402: 401: 399: 396: 395: 382: 381: 376: 372: 369: 365: 364: 362: 358: 354: 350: 346: 345: 343: 339: 336: 332: 331: 330: 324: 318: 316: 312: 308: 304: 300: 296: 292: 288: 284: 283: 271: 266: 264: 259: 257: 252: 251: 249: 248: 242: 232: 229: 224: 218: 217: 216: 215: 208: 205: 203: 200: 198: 195: 192: 188: 185: 184: 178: 177: 170: 167: 165: 162: 160: 157: 155: 152: 150: 147: 145: 142: 140: 137: 135: 132: 130: 127: 125: 122: 120: 117: 115: 112: 111: 108: 103: 102: 95: 91: 88: 87: 82: 79: 77: 74: 72: 69: 68: 66: 65: 61: 57: 56: 53: 50: 49: 45: 44: 41: 39: 33: 19: 3302: 3249:SPS National 3208: 3193: 3169: 3150:, p. 9) 3148:Maxwell 1878 3142: 3133: ..." ( 3130: 3115: 3110: 3100: 3093: 3073: 3066: 3045: 3036: 3018: 3010: 2983: 2976: 2966:experimental 2965: 2963: 2959: 2953: 2945: 2926: 2919: 2899: 2891: 2882: 2872: 2757: 2730:Solar System 2631:Astrophysics 2571:Fermi liquid 2518:polarization 2375:gauge theory 2271:wavefunction 2239:quantization 2029:twin paradox 1751:acceleration 1698:chaos theory 1648: 1644: 1639: 1620:Acceleration 1522:Oscillations 1473:physical law 1462: 1425: 1354:Acceleration 1282:thermometers 1138: 851: 821:Econophysics 807:Soil physics 792: 695:radiotherapy 601:Biomechanics 591:Aerodynamics 505:Neurophysics 432:Astrophysics 378: 355:world using 328: 322: 280: 279: 119:Astrophysics 75: 35: 3158:Works cited 3124:offers the 2969:principles. 2706:dark matter 2702:dark energy 2506:diffraction 2211:Hamiltonian 2134:temperature 2086:free energy 2049:Heat engine 1997:rest energy 1989:proper time 1929:four-vector 1832:Capacitance 1815:electricity 1563:Measurement 1557:Measurement 1409:Temperature 1332:electricity 1278:Temperature 798:Agrophysics 551:Electricity 3432:Categories 3074:Kinematics 2686:Black hole 2604:superfluid 2559:BCS theory 2424:antimatter 2033:world line 1953:invariance 1913:Covariance 1686:kinematics 1645:Note: the 1507:Covariance 1304:convection 1300:conduction 1250:conversion 1234:Different 815:Cryogenics 773:Relativity 613:Kinematics 563:Geophysics 499:Biophysics 422:Astrometry 416:spacecraft 414:and other 408:ballistics 144:Geophysics 129:Biophysics 30:See also: 2886:with the 2738:supernova 2636:Cosmology 2612:magnetism 2567:Fermi gas 2480:photonics 2315:Concepts 2309:Subfields 2231:operators 2162:viscosity 2009:spacetime 2001:rest mass 1819:magnetism 1719:dimension 1702:acoustics 1663:Concepts 1492:Causality 1336:magnetism 1312:The four 1308:radiation 1296:Heat flow 691:PET scans 585:Mechanics 569:Magnetism 398:Astronomy 357:empirical 317:behaves. 299:spacetime 187:Physicist 149:Mechanics 114:Acoustics 3443:Outlines 3191:(1878). 3044:(1904). 2883:Lectures 2816:See also 2742:universe 2665:Big Bang 2502:molecule 2391:M-theory 2110:pressure 2066:enthalpy 1759:momentum 1747:velocity 1743:position 1694:dynamics 1636:Overview 1610:Velocity 1568:SI units 1551:Particle 1497:Symmetry 1419:Velocity 1394:Momentum 1226:position 1194:Momentum 1147:through 1143:and its 643:Dynamics 392:Branches 315:universe 297:through 293:and its 241:Category 181:Research 107:Branches 94:timeline 81:Glossary 3267:EPS.org 3240:APS.org 3231:IOP.org 3222:AIP.org 3027:or the 2993:Bibcode 2879:begins 2714:gravity 2070:entropy 1941:gravity 1723:gravity 1715:Density 1690:statics 1593:Density 1546:Quantum 1427:Gravity 1369:Entropy 1203:Gravity 848:History 675:Statics 412:rockets 353:natural 342:science 282:Physics 90:History 76:Outline 52:Physics 38:outline 3258:CAP.ca 3201:  3177:  3081:  3054:  3025:cosmos 3003:  2938:  2907:  2726:planet 2710:galaxy 2698:cosmos 2588:liquid 2580:Phases 2476:optics 2436:string 2412:strong 2235:quanta 1969:metric 1827:optics 1775:torque 1767:energy 1739:length 1735:motion 1657:Theory 1647:Theory 1605:Motion 1599:Motion 1578:Length 1502:Action 1389:Matter 1379:Length 1364:Energy 1338:, and 1306:, and 1287:Energy 1230:energy 1228:, and 1222:Motion 1215:, and 1209:Energy 1184:weight 1153:energy 1145:motion 1141:matter 621:motion 491:Optics 311:nature 303:energy 295:motion 291:matter 239:  164:Optics 2989:Wiley 2864:Notes 2754:Lists 2592:solid 2514:laser 2432:brane 2306:Field 1795:power 1763:force 1727:space 1615:Speed 1526:Waves 1512:Space 1431:light 1404:Space 1374:Force 1346:light 1326:sound 1322:waves 1180:force 1157:force 793:Other 426:stars 321:What 307:force 71:Index 3199:ISBN 3175:ISBN 3079:ISBN 3052:ISBN 3001:ISBN 2936:ISBN 2905:ISBN 2881:his 2746:nova 2734:star 2620:spin 2498:Atom 2420:spin 2408:weak 2267:spin 2090:heat 2042:and 1791:work 1787:wave 1755:mass 1731:time 1588:Mass 1583:Time 1524:and 1517:Time 1414:Time 1384:Mass 1324:and 1291:heat 1289:and 1280:and 1271:and 1213:work 1196:and 1182:and 1176:Mass 1155:and 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2124:, 2120:, 2116:, 2112:, 2108:, 2104:, 2100:, 2096:, 2092:, 2088:, 2084:, 2080:, 2076:, 2072:, 2068:, 2064:, 2060:, 2051:, 2031:, 2027:, 2023:, 2019:, 2015:, 2011:, 2007:, 2003:, 1999:, 1995:, 1991:, 1987:, 1983:, 1979:, 1975:, 1971:, 1967:, 1963:, 1959:, 1955:, 1951:, 1947:, 1943:, 1939:, 1935:, 1931:, 1927:, 1923:, 1919:, 1915:, 1906:, 1902:, 1886:, 1882:, 1878:, 1874:, 1870:, 1866:, 1862:, 1858:, 1854:, 1850:, 1846:, 1842:, 1838:, 1834:, 1825:, 1821:, 1817:, 1813:, 1809:, 1793:, 1789:, 1785:, 1781:, 1777:, 1773:, 1769:, 1765:, 1761:, 1757:, 1753:, 1749:, 1745:, 1741:, 1737:, 1733:, 1729:, 1725:, 1721:, 1717:, 1708:, 1704:, 1700:, 1696:, 1692:, 1688:, 1684:, 1680:, 1676:, 1479:, 1475:, 1471:, 1467:, 1457:, 1453:, 1449:, 1445:, 1441:, 1437:, 1433:, 1429:, 1334:, 1302:, 1298:: 1248:, 1224:, 1211:, 1178:, 689:, 373:A 366:A 363:. 347:A 285:– 3341:e 3334:t 3327:v 3291:" 3183:. 3087:. 3060:. 3031:. 2995:: 2932:9 2913:. 2582:( 2398:( 1242:) 1190:) 1186:( 701:. 597:. 575:. 547:. 418:. 383:. 269:e 262:t 255:v 193:) 189:( 96:) 92:( 20:)

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