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reinforcements reached the region between
Zhangmazi Ditch (Zhangmazi Gou, 张麻子沟) and the Jiao Family's Ridge (Jiajia Ling, 焦家岭), they learned that Pagoda Wood (Tamu, 塔木) had already fallen into enemy hands, with the entire garrison consisting of a security force regiment and two regiments of the
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adjusted the strategy by planning to eradicate the enemy in a gradual but firm manner, instead of attempting to eliminate the enemy rapidly by a decisive engagement, which the enemy had refused to do. The heart of this new strategy called for the elimination of the enemy base south of the
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fourth offensive marked the end of campaign because the units deployed were the same ones that participated in earlier offensives, and thus were gravely overworked and overstretched. The
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52nd Army, which were ultimately badly mauled by the enemy who seized the opportunity and attacked with great efficiency and speed, resulting in the regions south of
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if the right tactics were applied, such as concentrating on annihilating the enemy force instead of gaining and holding on to more land, as suggested by many local
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of the 52nd Army was ambushed at
Gaolichengzi (高力城子), and suffered more than 2,000 fatalities. On February 6, 1947, a regiment of the advance guard of the
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must be maintained at all costs, because it served to distract the enemy and if it were lost, the enemy could then devote its entire assets to pressure the
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on March 26, 1947, with a total strength of twenty regiments attacking in three fronts. The enemy, in response, targeted the central front headed by the
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third offensive such as Huinan (辉南), Golden River (Jinchuan, 金川), Willow River (Liuhe, 柳河) and Ji'an (集安) therefore fell back into the enemy hands.
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could not pursuit the enemy anymore due to the sudden change of the weather when the temperature suddenly dropped to forty degrees below zero.
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could not afford to expend anymore valuable troops and must reserve their strength to defend the territory currently under their control.
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behind the enemy lines, and after more than a dozen days of fighting, succeeded in taking over more than twenty positions from the
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base in the south must continue in order to eliminate the enemy. On
January 30, 1947, a second offensive was launched with four
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4th Column again played the same trick that was effective in the previous two counteroffensives: struck the regions between
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in 1946. Again, this alternative would also contradicting with Chiang's uncompromising stand, which ultimately doomed the
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380:(San Xia Jiang Nan, Si Bao Linjiang Zhanyi, 三下江南四保临江战役), was a series of four failed offensives launched by the
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were determined not to let the enemy to get away so they continued their push northward, but in doing so, the
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to reinforce their besieged comrades-in-arms. The enemy force wisely chose to withdraw back to the north of
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699:(集安) so that the enemy could be further squeezed into the mountain. In response, on December 18, 1946, the
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1604:: A Collection of Military Records and Research Publications of Important Campaigns in the Liberation War
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were unable to annihilate the enemy at the time, they could still reserve their strength by giving up
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were forced to be on the defensive, and could no longer launch any offensives, while in contrast, the
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was badly mauled at the
Village Next to the Mountain (Kao-shan Tun, 靠山屯). On March 12, 1947,
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being completely annihilated by the enemy. The enemy consequently returned to north of the
675:, the Newly Organized 6th Army, and the 60th Army to launch the first offensive against the
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correctly assessed that they must avoid fighting at the two fronts and thus attacks on the
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1188:(热河) to reinforce their besieged comrades-in-arms again. Succeeding in distracting the
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was annihilated at
Sanyuanpu (三源浦) by dusk, and after the setback, the commander of the
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of the 71st Army was forced to withdraw to reinforce the rear, and this weakened the
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forces were severely overstretched. Seizing the opportunity, the enemy crossed the
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Campaign of Going South of the River for Three time to Guard
Linjiang for Four Times
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was annihilated at the
Village of the Mountain of Guo (Guo-shan Tun, 郭山屯), and the
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commanders had no choice but to order a general retreat. However, the retreating
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earlier in the initial stage of the offensive falling back into the enemy hands.
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who had to stop their third offensives, the enemy withdrew to the north of
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to withdraw on
February 22, 1947. The newly gained territory/towns in the
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left and right fronts, the main body of the enemy force ambushed the 89th
1878:
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Records of the
Liberation War: The Decisive Battle of Two Kinds of Fates
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would be on the offensive from then on. It must be said, however, the
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launched their third offensive against the enemy by deploying the 2nd
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was redeployed to reinforce the rear and other begun their withdraw.
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would then be endangered, and possibly face total annihilation. The
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to attack in four fronts on
February 13, 1947. A detachment of the
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offensive into a complete halt and then redeploying two attacking
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infatuation with conquering more land. Furthermore, even if the
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victories elsewhere, eventually succeeded in forcing the second
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1444:, 1st Edition, Social Scientific Literary Publishing House in
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again on March 8, 1947, for the third time to attack, and the
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at Tonggou (通沟), and then annihilated another regiment of the
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Heroic Division and Iron Horse: Records of the Liberation War
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commanders, but their correct suggestion was overridden by
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Just a week after the failure of the second offensive, the
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were forced to give up the newly conquered lands when one
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decided to concentrate three columns with a total of nine
433:. After the enemy had been eradicated in the south, the
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strategic location of Pagoda Wood (Tamu, 塔木), forced the
1275:
Campaign marked the turning point of the battlefield in
1236:
central front on April 1, 1947, annihilating the entire
778:
to reinforce Pagoda Wood (Tamu, 塔木). However, when the
1628:, 1st Edition, Military Scientific Publishing House in
1323:
and saving troops, and had the situation improved, the
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on February 21, 1947, and attacked regions surrounding
44:
Chinese Communist troops on top of snow-covered grounds
1069:
at the town of Chengzi Street (Chengzi Jie, 城子街), the
218:
1031:
of the 71st Army at Daibeicha (大北岔), forcing the two
496:
offensives, along with the help of three independent
1606:, 1st Edition, Central Literary Publishing House in
1299:
were still quite capable of knocking out the entire
1507:Chinese People's Political Consultative Conference
1501:Literary and Historical Research Committee of the
1148:force was caught up by the pursuing enemy and the
460:, and his followers accurately concluded that the
1463:, 1st Edition, Chinese Youth Publishing House in
892:4th Column once again struck the regions between
2183:
1396:but its sources remain unclear because it lacks
1240:. Hearing the news of the annihilation of the
1073:6th Column turned north and linked up with the
858:offensive and on February 5, 1947, the weakest
1578:History of the Chinese People's Liberation War
1252:on the other two fronts immediately withdrew.
850:in turn, deployed the 3rd Column and the 10th
1659:
1007:so that they could not be used to attack the
204:
1995:Wartime perception of the Chinese Communists
1580:, 1st Edition, Archives Publishing House in
1208:launched their fourth offensive against the
920:offensive to a complete stop again, and the
58:(3 months, 2 weeks and 1 day)
968:of the 71st Army, the Newly Organized 22nd
758:massed three columns and three independent
1666:
1652:
211:
197:
1427:Learn how and when to remove this message
806:withdrew to their original bases and the
935:
687:were deployed as reserves. The initial
437:would then advance northward across the
1561:Literature and Art Publishing House in
1359:History of the People's Liberation Army
766:and on January 5, 1947, to besiege the
104:Flag of the National Revolutionary Army
2184:
1553:Wang, Xingsheng, and Zhang, Jingshan,
703:4th Column struck the regions between
441:and eliminate the enemy forces there.
1673:
1647:
1204:Not wanting to admitting defeat, the
272:Resumption of hostilities (1945–1949)
192:
1368:
1176:(including its Newly Organized 22nd
1101:(including its Newly Organized 22nd
912:strongholds, and when combined with
794:Achieving their objectives when the
1440:Zhu, Zongzhen and Wang, Chaoguang,
885:wisely chose to stop and withdraw.
13:
2202:Campaigns of the Chinese Civil War
1539:Party History Publishing House in
1093:base. The plan succeeded and the
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114:
99:
14:
2223:
412:to the enemy by October, 1946 in
56:December 17, 1946 – April 1, 1947
2135:ROC Government retreat to Taiwan
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1806:
1787:
1771:
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1742:
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1711:
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1373:
1349:Outline of the Chinese Civil War
1000:line again and attracting three
842:of the 52nd Army, and the 207th
237:Outline of the Chinese Civil War
149:
137:
38:
2124:Yangtze River Crossing campaign
1199:
813:
384:in an attempt to eliminate the
1620:Tang, Yilu and Bi, Jianzhong,
931:
854:of the 4th Column to stop the
642:
260:Japanese invasion of Manchuria
1:
2164:Kuomintang Islamic insurgency
2139:PRC incorporation of Xinjiang
1731:Constitutional ROC Government
1517:People's Publishing House in
1486:People's Publishing House in
1461:History of the Liberation War
1364:
1117:on March 2, 1947, before the
344:Kuomintang Islamic insurgency
2153:Wanshan Archipelago Campaign
1889:Chinese Communist Revolution
1172:were forced to redeploy the
723:troops in the process. The
537:The Newly Organized 6th Army
7:
1749:Republic of China on Taiwan
1717:National Revolutionary Army
1685:Principal belligerents and
1354:National Revolutionary Army
1342:
964:of the 52nd Army, the 91st
735:thrust by exposing the two
663:of the 52nd Army, the 91st
372:: 临江战役), also known by the
109:National Revolutionary Army
10:
2228:
1961:Fujian People's Government
1827:People's Republic of China
1266:
1168:(农安) was besieged and the
1121:reinforcement could reach
908:lines to capture numerous
647:On December 17, 1946, the
399:
1834:
1681:
1626:in Chinese Liberation War
798:stopped their assault on
529:The Newly Organized 30th
523:The Newly Organized 22nd
231:
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130:
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48:
37:
29:
21:
1812:People's Liberation Army
1624:People's Liberation Army
1559:People's Liberation Army
1382:This article includes a
1327:would be able to retake
1174:Newly Organized 1st Army
1099:Newly Organized 1st Army
1067:Newly Organized 1st Army
1045:On the other front, the
974:Newly Organized 1st Army
785:Newly Organized 1st Army
691:objective was to linkup
673:Newly Organized 1st Army
519:Newly Organized 1st Army
124:People's Liberation Army
1951:Chinese Soviet Republic
1927:Autumn Harvest Uprising
1411:more precise citations.
250:Autumn Harvest Uprising
244:First Phase (1927–1937)
2149:Hainan Island campaign
2028:Double Tenth Agreement
2024:Chongqing Negotiations
1941:Encirclement campaigns
1555:Chinese Liberation War
1442:Liberation War History
1184:of the 13th Army from
1085:(德惠) in order to draw
949:
667:of the 71st Army, one
255:Encirclement campaigns
131:Commanders and leaders
120:
105:
16:1946 military campaign
2038:Jiaochangkou Incident
1632:, 1993 – 1997,
1089:forces away from the
939:
904:(本溪) deep behind the
791:on January 19, 1947.
354:Cross-strait conflict
175:Casualties and losses
118:
103:
655:, including the 2nd
635:The 3rd Independent
629:The 2nd Independent
623:The 1st Independent
1991:Second United Front
1911:Nanjing–Wuhan split
1859:Sun–Joffe Manifesto
1708:National Government
1622:History of Chinese
1255:The failure of the
747:newly taken by the
444:In response to the
429:, headquartered at
1931:Guangzhou Uprising
1869:First United Front
1384:list of references
1331:, as suggested by
1049:force crossed the
950:
754:In the north, the
464:base south of the
388:base south of the
349:China–Burma border
121:
106:
2197:Conflicts in 1947
2192:Conflicts in 1946
2179:
2178:
2174:
2173:
2169:
2168:
2093:Liaoshen campaign
2075:Yu Zisan Incident
2042:Peiping rape case
2011:
2010:
1923:Nanchang uprising
1919:Little Long March
1907:Shanghai massacre
1697:Nationalist Party
1675:Chinese Civil War
1537:Chinese Communist
1505:Committee of the
1437:
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948:were in Linjiang.
671:from each of the
394:Chinese Civil War
366:Linjiang Campaign
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223:Chinese Civil War
220:Campaigns of the
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2103:Huaihai campaign
2052:Marshall Mission
2017:
2016:
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1899:Nanking incident
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1057:to distract the
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1313:Chiang Kai-shek
1305:northeast China
1289:northeast China
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1180:) and the 54th
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35:
34:
27:
26:
15:
9:
6:
4:
3:
2:
2224:
2213:
2212:1947 in China
2210:
2208:
2207:1946 in China
2205:
2203:
2200:
2198:
2195:
2193:
2190:
2189:
2187:
2165:
2162:
2159:
2158:
2154:
2150:
2147:
2144:
2143:
2140:
2136:
2132:
2130:
2125:
2121:
2119:
2115:
2112:
2111:
2108:
2104:
2101:
2098:
2097:
2094:
2090:
2088:
2083:
2080:
2079:
2076:
2073:
2070:
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2057:
2056:
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2050:
2047:
2046:
2043:
2039:
2036:
2033:
2032:
2029:
2025:
2022:
2019:
2018:
2014:
2007:
2006:Dixie Mission
2004:
2001:
2000:
1996:
1992:
1989:
1986:
1985:
1982:
1979:
1976:
1975:
1972:
1969:
1966:
1965:
1962:
1959:
1956:
1955:
1952:
1949:
1946:
1945:
1942:
1939:
1936:
1935:
1932:
1928:
1924:
1920:
1916:
1912:
1908:
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1900:
1897:
1894:
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1867:
1864:
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1854:
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1839:
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1833:
1829:
1828:
1817:
1813:
1809:
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1798:
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1785:
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1774:
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1750:
1745:
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1736:
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1722:
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1714:
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1698:
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1680:
1676:
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1664:
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1650:
1649:
1646:
1639:
1638:7-80021-719-1
1635:
1631:
1627:
1625:
1619:
1617:
1616:7-5073-0074-9
1613:
1609:
1605:
1603:
1599:
1594:Liu Wusheng,
1593:
1591:
1590:7-80019-338-1
1587:
1583:
1579:
1575:
1572:
1571:7-5033-1351-X
1568:
1564:
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1556:
1552:
1550:
1549:7-80199-029-3
1546:
1542:
1538:
1534:
1530:
1528:
1527:7-212-00007-8
1524:
1520:
1516:
1512:
1508:
1504:
1500:
1497:
1496:7-202-00733-9
1493:
1489:
1485:
1481:
1477:
1474:
1473:7-5006-0081-X
1470:
1466:
1462:
1459:Zhang, Ping,
1458:
1455:
1454:7-80149-207-2
1451:
1447:
1443:
1439:
1438:
1431:
1428:
1420:
1410:
1406:
1400:
1399:
1393:
1389:
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1380:
1371:
1370:
1360:
1357:
1355:
1352:
1350:
1347:
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1340:
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1334:
1330:
1326:
1322:
1318:
1314:
1310:
1306:
1302:
1298:
1294:
1290:
1286:
1283:victory, the
1282:
1279:: after this
1278:
1274:
1264:
1262:
1258:
1253:
1251:
1247:
1243:
1239:
1235:
1231:
1227:
1223:
1219:
1215:
1214:Songhua River
1211:
1207:
1197:
1195:
1194:Songhua River
1191:
1187:
1183:
1179:
1175:
1171:
1167:
1163:
1159:
1155:
1151:
1147:
1143:
1139:
1138:Songhua River
1135:
1131:
1126:
1124:
1120:
1116:
1115:Songhua River
1112:
1108:
1104:
1100:
1096:
1092:
1088:
1084:
1080:
1076:
1072:
1068:
1064:
1060:
1056:
1052:
1051:Songhua River
1048:
1043:
1041:
1037:
1034:
1030:
1026:
1022:
1018:
1014:
1013:Songhua River
1010:
1006:
1003:
999:
995:
991:
987:
983:
979:
976:and the 21st
975:
971:
967:
963:
959:
955:
947:
943:
942:Xiao Jinguang
938:
929:
927:
923:
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911:
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886:
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841:
837:
833:
829:
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821:
811:
809:
805:
801:
797:
792:
790:
789:Songhua River
786:
781:
777:
773:
769:
765:
764:Songhua River
762:to cross the
761:
757:
752:
750:
746:
742:
738:
734:
730:
726:
722:
718:
714:
710:
706:
702:
698:
694:
690:
686:
682:
681:Songhua River
678:
674:
670:
666:
662:
658:
654:
651:sent out six
650:
638:
634:
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628:
626:
622:
619:
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607:
600:
596:
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584:
582:
578:
576:
572:
570:
566:
563:
559:
557:The 60th Army
556:
552:
548:
546:
542:
541:
539:
536:
532:
528:
526:
522:
521:
520:
516:
515:
514:
513:
510:
501:
499:
495:
491:
487:
483:
479:
475:
474:Songhua River
472:north of the
471:
467:
466:Songhua River
463:
459:
455:
452:commander of
451:
447:
442:
440:
439:Songhua River
436:
432:
428:
427:Songhua River
423:
419:
415:
411:
407:
397:
395:
391:
390:Songhua River
387:
383:
379:
375:
371:
367:
355:
352:
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347:
345:
342:
340:
337:
336:
332:
331:
328:
325:
323:
320:
318:
315:
313:
310:
308:
307:Yangtze River
305:
303:
300:
298:
295:
293:
290:
288:
285:
283:
282:
277:
276:
273:
270:
269:
266:
263:
261:
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256:
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251:
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243:
242:
239:
238:
234:
233:
230:
225:
214:
209:
207:
202:
200:
195:
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182:
179:
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173:
169:
166:
165:
160:
157:
147:
145:
140:
135:
134:
129:
125:
117:
113:
110:
102:
98:
97:
92:
84:
81:
78:
77:
73:
69:
65:
62:
61:
55:
52:
51:
47:
41:
36:
33:
28:
24:
20:
2128:
2117:
2086:
2063:
1915:715 Incident
1752:
1621:
1595:
1577:
1554:
1532:
1531:Li, Zuomin,
1510:
1488:Shijiazhuang
1479:
1460:
1441:
1423:
1414:
1403:Please help
1395:
1337:nationalists
1325:nationalists
1317:nationalists
1297:nationalists
1285:nationalists
1270:
1261:nationalists
1254:
1250:nationalists
1206:nationalists
1203:
1200:Fourth Stage
1190:nationalists
1170:nationalists
1130:nationalists
1127:
1105:), the 87th
1095:nationalists
1059:nationalists
1044:
960:, the 195th
954:nationalists
951:
922:nationalists
887:
865:, the 195th
838:, the 195th
820:nationalists
817:
814:Second stage
808:nationalists
796:nationalists
793:
753:
749:nationalists
717:nationalists
659:, the 195th
649:nationalists
646:
604:
507:
492:to stop the
443:
435:nationalists
406:nationalists
403:
382:nationalists
377:
365:
364:
280:
235:
170:12 divisions
167:19 divisions
94:Belligerents
1879:Canton Coup
1478:Jie, Lifu,
1409:introducing
1309:nationalist
1257:nationalist
1242:nationalist
1234:nationalist
1226:nationalist
1218:nationalist
1158:nationalist
1150:nationalist
1146:nationalist
1142:nationalist
1134:nationalist
1119:nationalist
1087:nationalist
1081:to besiege
1040:nationalist
1033:nationalist
1025:nationalist
1017:nationalist
1002:nationalist
998:nationalist
932:Third Stage
918:nationalist
910:nationalist
906:nationalist
879:nationalist
871:nationalist
860:nationalist
856:nationalist
830:: the 21st
780:nationalist
772:nationalist
768:nationalist
741:nationalist
733:nationalist
725:nationalist
721:nationalist
689:nationalist
643:First stage
509:Nationalist
494:nationalist
446:nationalist
420:commander,
418:nationalist
392:during the
2186:Categories
2062:Operation
1971:Long March
1365:References
1333:Chen Cheng
1293:communists
848:communists
834:, the 2nd
804:communists
756:communists
591:The 207th
549:The 195th
486:communists
478:communists
476:, and the
470:communists
374:communists
279:Operation
265:Long March
2160:1950–1958
2099:1948–1949
2064:Beleaguer
2058:1945–1949
2048:1945–1947
1987:1937–1946
1967:1934–1936
1957:1933–1934
1947:1931–1934
1937:1930–1934
1885:1927–1949
1844:Post-1945
1687:campaigns
1303:force in
1301:communist
1281:communist
1210:communist
1091:communist
1075:communist
1071:communist
1055:Changchun
1047:communist
1036:Divisions
1009:communist
1005:divisions
982:communist
940:In 1947,
914:communist
900:(桓仁) and
890:communist
828:divisions
824:communist
776:divisions
760:divisions
737:divisions
701:communist
685:Divisions
677:communist
653:divisions
606:Communist
597:The 54th
585:The 89th
579:The 88th
573:The 87th
567:The 21st
560:The 91st
498:divisions
490:divisions
462:communist
450:communist
422:Du Yuming
410:divisions
386:communist
333:Aftermath
322:Guningtou
281:Beleaguer
144:Du Yuming
83:Communist
2131:Incident
2129:Amethyst
2120:Incident
2089:incident
1840:Pre-1945
1777:Red Army
1610:, 1993,
1584:, 1992,
1565:, 2001,
1543:, 2004,
1521:, 1987,
1490:, 1990,
1467:, 1987,
1448:, 2000,
1343:See also
1273:Linjiang
1246:Division
1238:Division
1230:Division
1222:Division
1182:Division
1178:Division
1162:Division
1154:Division
1111:Division
1107:Division
1103:Division
1079:Division
1063:Division
1029:Division
1021:Division
978:Division
970:Division
966:Division
962:Division
958:Division
946:Chen Yun
926:division
883:Division
875:Division
867:Division
863:division
852:Division
844:Division
840:Division
836:Division
832:Division
800:Linjiang
729:Division
669:Division
665:Division
661:Division
657:division
637:Division
631:Division
625:Division
599:Division
593:Division
587:Division
581:Division
575:Division
569:Division
562:Division
551:Division
545:Division
543:The 2nd
531:Division
525:Division
458:Lin Biao
431:Linjiang
339:Xinjiang
312:Shanghai
292:Liaoshen
162:Strength
156:Lin Biao
68:Linjiang
63:Location
30:Part of
25:Campaign
23:Linjiang
2087:Kiangya
1630:Beijing
1608:Beijing
1602:Beijing
1582:Beijing
1563:Beijing
1541:Beijing
1465:Beijing
1446:Beijing
1405:improve
1267:Outcome
1232:of the
1166:Nong'an
1065:of the
990:Huanren
972:of the
898:Huanren
846:. The
745:Tonghua
739:of the
709:Huanren
693:Tonghua
400:Prelude
376:as the
370:Chinese
327:Wanshan
302:Pingjin
297:Huaihai
183:unknown
85:victory
1824:
1636:
1614:
1598:Yan'an
1588:
1569:
1547:
1525:
1494:
1475:(pbk.)
1471:
1452:
1248:, the
986:Fushun
896:(抚顺),
894:Fushun
881:207th
873:207th
802:, the
705:Fushun
317:Hainan
180:40,000
79:Result
1596:From
1573:(set)
1519:Hefei
1515:Anhui
1503:Anhui
1498:(set)
1484:Hebei
1456:(set)
1390:, or
1244:89th
1220:89th
1160:87th
1152:88th
1123:Dehui
1083:Dehui
1027:91st
1019:21st
994:Benxi
902:Benxi
727:91st
713:Benxi
697:Ji'an
695:with
2145:1950
2113:1949
2081:1948
2071:1947
2034:1946
2020:1945
2002:1944
1977:1936
1895:1927
1875:1926
1865:1924
1855:1923
1801:etc.
1634:ISBN
1612:ISBN
1586:ISBN
1567:ISBN
1545:ISBN
1523:ISBN
1492:ISBN
1469:ISBN
1450:ISBN
1271:The
1186:Rehe
1128:The
992:and
944:and
818:The
711:and
517:The
404:The
53:Date
2085:SS
1600:to
1287:in
480:in
119:PLA
2188::
1814:)
1799:,
1795:,
1779:)
1761:/
1737:)
1719:)
1699:/
1509:,
1394:,
1386:,
1339:.
1196:.
1125:.
988:,
707:,
500:.
456:,
396:.
70:,
1997:)
1993:(
1816:→
1804:→
1786:(
1781:→
1770:(
1739:→
1733:(
1721:→
1710:(
1667:e
1660:t
1653:v
1430:)
1424:(
1419:)
1415:(
1401:.
368:(
212:e
205:t
198:v
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