613:, was also seen extremely rarely until it was made available on DVD in 2004. On the whole, it was a very faithful adaptation. Lang, however, omitted the characters of Wolf Beifeld and the Carpenter. Mother Hollunder was renamed Mrs. Menoux. In Lang's version, Hollinger again appears onscreen. He is a jealous barker who tries to undermine Liliom at the amusement park. It is Mrs. Menoux's assistant, a meek young man, who serves as substitute for the Carpenter and is infatuated with Julie. The criminal Ficsur, who leads Liliom into committing a holdup, was renamed Alfred. In this version, Liliom slaps Julie onscreen; in the original stage versions of both
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with his friend Ficsur, a criminal, in a hold-up to obtain money to provide for the child. Liliom is unwilling to leave Julie and return to his jealous former employer, the carousel owner Mrs. Muskat, and feels that the robbery is his only way left to obtain financial security. The hold-up is a disaster, but Ficsur escapes, and Liliom kills himself to avoid capture. He is sent to a fiery place, presumably
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the Molnar play, Liliom claims he only hit her once, and Julie publicly downplays what happened, but she later says he beat her, "on the breast and on the head and face," and her closing line, which ends the play, is, "It is possible, dear—that someone may beat you and beat you and beat you,—and not hurt you at all," indicating that it happened more than once. Julie's final line in
348:, an American musical adaptation of the play. This was also produced by the Theatre Guild and became one of the great classics of musical theatre. Even though the musical adaptation took liberties with Molnár's play, changing the ending so that the ex-barker is successful in trying to help Louise upon his return to Earth, Molnár applauded
110:. Sixteen years later, he is allowed to return to Earth for one day to do a good deed for his now teenage daughter, Louise, whom he has never met. If he succeeds, he will be allowed to enter Heaven. He fails in the attempt, and is presumably sent to Hell. The ending, though, focuses on Julie, who obviously remembers Liliom fondly.
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become Carrie
Pipperidge and Mr. Snow who, a fisherman in the musical, is made even more pompous than in the original play. His children are the ones who so viciously taunt Louise, although, in order to keep Carrie a sympathetic character, Hammerstein keeps her totally unaware of this; in contrast to
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also featured a happy ending.) In the 1934 French film, Liliom finally does gain entry into Heaven, not because he has successfully done something good for his daughter, but because of Julie's forgiveness and love for him. Likewise, in the 1930 American film version, Liliom feels that he has failed,
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as the setting for some of the more cheerful songs in the show. The names of most of the other characters were changed as well. Liliom became Billy
Bigelow, the criminal Ficsur became Jigger Craigin, and Mother Hollunder, the boarding house keeper, became Julie's cousin Nettie. There is no carpenter
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who falls in love with Julie, a young woman who works as a maid. When both lose their jobs, Liliom begins mistreating Julie out of bitterness—even slapping her once—although he loves her. When she discovers she is pregnant, he is deliriously happy, but, unbeknownst to Julie, he agrees to participate
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flavor). Billy
Bigelow is a womanizer and an abusive husband, as is Liliom in the non-musical play; though the Rodgers and Hammerstein musical implies that Billy has hit his wife only once, and that other characters erroneously believe that he is a habitual wife-beater. In the Glazer translation of
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A contrasting subplot involves Julie's best friend, Marie, and Wolf
Beifeld, a rather pompous hotel porter who marries Marie and finally becomes the wealthy owner of the hotel at which he once worked. The two eventually have seven children, who never appear onstage in Molnár's play. There is also a
566:) was called "The Buzzard" in this version. The character Hollinger, who is alluded to in the stage version but never actually appears, was one of the supporting characters in this film, and Mother Hollunder, the boarding house keeper, was re-christened Aunt Hulda. Directed by
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Mr. Snow, she is even supportive of a potential budding romantic relationship between their eldest son and Louise. (The relationship is quickly cut short, however, when Mr. Snow's son insults Louise by stating outright that marrying her would be "beneath his station.")
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425:, an unusual step in the 1940s for a musical play based on such a serious drama. Molnár's basic plotline for Liliom and Julie is largely adhered to, as is much of his dialogue (although Hammerstein makes it more colloquial and gives it a
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also retains the attempted robbery scene, and Billy deliberately stabs himself, as Liliom does in the original play. However, in the film adaptation, Billy falls on his knife while trying to get away and does not commit suicide.
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The play was directed by
Federico García Lorca and Pura Maorta de Ucelay for the Club Teatral Anfistora, on 7 June 1934 at the Teatro Español in Madrid. The text was translated by María de la O Lejárraga, with sets by Manuel
678:. The movie version of the hit musical failed to attract wide public attention at the time, although its soundtrack album was a best-seller and remains so to this day. In 2006, this film and the 1934 film of
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Ucelay, Margarita (1992) ‘El Club
Teatral Anfistora’, in Dougherty, Dru y Vilches de Frutos, María Francisca (ed.) El teatro en España: entre la tradición y la vanguardia (1918-1939), Madrid: Tabapress, pp.
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By contrast, in the original stage play, Liliom is ominously and sternly led offstage after he fails in his heavenly mission and is never seen or heard from again, although Julie still remembers him fondly.
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772:. Lilies are the flowers most commonly used at funerals, where they symbolically signify that the soul of the deceased has been restored to the state of innocence.
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These first two talking film versions of Molnar's original play also alter the ending to make it more hopeful, though not as drastically as
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played the
Magistrate, in the first Broadway revival of the play in 1932. Le Gallienne directed the Civic Repertory Theatre production.
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was a failure in
Hungary when it was staged there in 1909, but not when it was staged on Broadway in an English translation by
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came what is considered to be the most notable film version of Molnar's original play—the French film version directed by
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as Mrs. Muskat, the carousel owner who is infatuated with Liliom. It was broadcast live on 22 October 1939.
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as Julie. In this version, Liliom's child is changed from being a girl to a boy (Louis instead of Louise).
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Austrian and German television, and twice for Spanish television.
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in 1919, was aborted in mid-production because of Curtiz's flight as a refugee from the
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who is in unrequited love with Julie, and who, in contrast to Liliom, has a stable job.
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Liliom is just a stage name, to the police he gives his "real" name: Andreas Zavoczki.
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582:. The package contains many of the best known silent and early talkie films that
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391:. The intended holdup victim in Molnar's play, a payroll clerk named Linzman, is
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and a previously unknown singer-actress named Mary Grover, aired in 1967 on the
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directed and played the title role in a one-hour radio adaptation for his CBS
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were packaged together on a 2-Disc DVD. (See the article on the film,
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The second, a somewhat disguised and heavily altered version reset in
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has been filmed several times, beginning in the silent era:
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version, a mostly faithful adaptation made in English by
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955:. New York, NY: Rodgers and Hammerstein Theatre Library.
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Schildkraut and Le Gallienne repeated their roles, and
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Joseph Schildkraut (Liliom), Evelyn Chard (Louise) and
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1909 play by the Hungarian playwright Ferenc Molnár
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200:acted in the minor role of the Heavenly Policeman.
913:. Indiana University Bloomington. 22 October 1939
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935:Liliom: A Legend in Seven Scenes and a Prologue
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86:(Julie) in the 1921 Theatre Guild production
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1015:Dragostea bate feminismul în „Carousel”
967:"Alina Cojocaru – What / When / Where."
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1047:"Lily Flower Meaning & Symbolism"
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1017:, 27 October 2015, accessed 6/4/2018
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1004:, 21 Oct 2016, accessed 6/4/2018
907:"The Campbell Playhouse: Liliom"
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885:Internet Movie Database
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829:. Quid Pro Books.
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405:
396:
388:
384:
382:
377:
364:
363:
357:
353:
349:
343:
329:
325:
319:
307:
290:
287:Orson Welles
284:
278:
204:Ivor Novello
181:
151:Edgar Stehli
126:
125:
115:
112:
89:
66:
48:
47:
46:
40:
25:
695:, starring
601:, starring
576:Rose Hobart
558:written by
541:Bert Lytell
427:New England
401:cotton mill
297:Helen Hayes
257:Joan Tetzel
232:Eli Wallach
56:playwright
1265:1909 plays
1259:Categories
792:References
664:color film
611:Fox Europa
599:Fritz Lang
487:Fritz Lang
253:Elia Kazan
225:Fontanals.
1236:Soliloquy
564:Lee Tracy
497:Bucharest
331:Oklahoma!
285:In 1939,
188:In 1923,
122:Reception
108:Purgatory
54:Hungarian
1219:Carousel
1207:Carousel
1199:Carousel
1180:Carousel
880:"Liliom"
856:ibdb.com
852:"Liliom"
810:ibdb.com
806:"Liliom"
703:network.
693:Carousel
685:Carousel
657:Carousel
633:Carousel
619:Carousel
556:Fox Film
489:'s 1934
483:Carousel
471:Carousel
438:Carousel
432:Carousel
423:Carousel
412:Carousel
397:Carousel
389:Carousel
378:Carousel
365:Carousel
354:Carousel
350:Carousel
345:Carousel
308:Carousel
165:Revivals
100:carousel
92:Budapest
67:Carousel
1089:at the
917:27 July
891:12 July
635:does. (
1183:(1956)
1175:(1934)
1172:Liliom
1167:(1930)
1164:Liliom
1148:Liliom
1100:Liliom
869:459-60
833:
786:Liliom
770:lilium
757:Trivia
710:Liliom
680:Liliom
615:Liliom
588:Liliom
552:talkie
512:Liliom
492:Liliom
473:(2015)
451:Liliom
419:Liliom
408:Liliom
393:Jewish
385:Liliom
358:Liliom
342:wrote
326:Liliom
281:(1939)
182:Liliom
127:Liliom
116:Liliom
103:barker
96:Heaven
49:Liliom
43:(1921)
41:Liliom
1221:Music
1191:Other
1156:Films
767:Latin
369:Maine
919:2018
893:2020
831:ISBN
763:lily
674:and
617:and
605:and
595:1934
574:and
548:1930
338:and
243:and
176:and
157:and
141:and
74:Plot
1145:'s
1103:at
701:ABC
666:by
593:In
546:In
499:'s
406:In
334:),
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854:.
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688:.)
380:.
251:.
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153:,
149:,
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