249:
654:, who, when he was elected leader of the Conservative Party and thus became Prime Minister in 1937, told an audience how proud he was of his Liberal Unionist roots. This isn't surprising. Neither Neville or Austen actually stood for Parliament as 'Conservative' candidates. Their local political association in Birmingham preferred to call themselves Unionist rather than Conservative during this time and campaigned as such. The Unionist label privately suited Neville Chamberlain as well. He confided to his own family how he always regarded the Conservative party label as 'odious' and thought of it a barrier to people joining what he thought could be a non-socialist but a reforming party during the 1930s which Chamberlain hoped would be called National to include the parties of the
331:. Chamberlain had briefly taken office in the Gladstone government which had been formed in 1886 but resigned when he saw the details of Gladstone's Home Rule plans. As Chamberlain had previously been a standard bearer of radical liberalism against the Whigs, his adherence to the alliance against the Gladstonian Liberals came as a surprise. When the dissident Liberals eventually formed the Liberal Unionist Council, which was to become the Liberal Unionist party, Chamberlain organised the separate National Radical Union in Birmingham. This allowed Chamberlain and his immediate allies to distance themselves from the main body of Liberal Unionism (and their Conservative allies) and left open the possibility that they could work with the Liberal Party in the future.
475:
365:
423:, the Round Table Conference was an attempt to see if reunion of the Liberal Party was possible. Despite some progress (and Chamberlain's statement that they were united on ninety-nine out of a hundred issues), the problem of Home Rule for Ireland could not be resolved. Neither Hartington nor Gladstone took a direct part in these meetings, and there seemed to be no other Liberal statesman who could reunite the party. Within a few months the talks were over, though some Liberal Unionists, including Trevelyan, later rejoined the Liberal Party soon after.
494:(i.e. no tariff barriers) caused immediate problems within the Unionist alliance, but especially with the Devonshire section of the Liberal Unionists. Rejecting tariff reform, Devonshire and other supporters of Free Trade left the Liberal Unionist Association in May 1904 in protest. Chamberlain took over the party's leadership, but this did not stop a large number of disgruntled Liberal Unionists, including a few MPs, migrating back to the Liberal Party. As for Devonshire and his allies, they put their political efforts into the Unionist
391:'s government. Salisbury said he was even willing to let Hartington become Prime Minister of a coalition ministry but the latter declined. In part, Hartington was worried this would split the Liberal Unionists and lose them votes from pro-Unionist Liberal supporters. The Liberal Unionists, despite providing the necessary margin for Salisbury's majority, continued to sit on the opposition benches throughout the life of the parliament, and Hartington and Chamberlain uneasily shared the opposition Front Bench with their former colleagues
1250:) Jack answers that he is a 'Liberal' rather than 'Liberal Unionist'. Lady Bracknell's answer remains the same. In 1952 this comment was applicable to the then Liberal Party's precarious political position, whose few remaining MPs were largely in constituencies where the Conservative Party refused to stand for fear of splitting an established Liberal vote and letting in the Labour Party. Since then, many adaptations of the play have kept this brief mention of the obscure political party. However, in the
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period. As a party that depended on an electoral pact with the Tories to maintain their MPs in parliament, the
Liberal Unionists had to at least appear to be also 'Liberal' in matters not connected with Home Rule including some measures of promoting reform. To someone like Jack, the Liberal Unionists' attempts to be two things at the same time but in different places would have appealed with his double identity ('Well, my name is Ernest in town and Jack in the country', he says in act 1).
5450:
518:, the Liberal Unionists (both Free Traders and Tariff Reformers) shared the same fate as their Conservative allies, with a big reduction in their parliamentary strength. They now numbered only 23 MPs (or 25 according to other calculations) in a combined Unionist alliance of just 157 in the new House of Commons – though in Birmingham the Liberal Unionist and Conservative candidates won all the seats available.
638:. Though he had joined the Liberal Unionists late on, he was more determined to maintain their separate status in the alliance with the Conservatives, perhaps hoping and wishing that he would be able to refashion the combination under his own leadership at a later date. Chamberlain's stroke in 1906 robbed him of this chance, though he remained involved in political life until 1914.
292:, which they could not countenance. Seeing themselves as defenders of the Union, they called themselves "Liberal Unionists", although at this stage most of them did not think the split from their former colleagues would be permanent. Gladstone preferred to call them "dissentient Liberals" as if he believed they would eventually come back like the "
296:", Liberals who had opposed the extension of the franchise in 1866 but had mostly come back to the main party after the Conservatives had passed their own electoral reform bill in 1867. In the end it did not matter what the Liberal Unionists were called, the schism in the Liberal Party grew wider and deeper within a few years.
466:. The Liberal Unionists managed to stay strong in the south-west of England, the West Midlands (the centre of Chamberlain's power base), and especially in Scotland, where the Liberal Unionists were initially the more dominant group in their alliance with the Scottish Conservatives against the Liberals.
597:
both declared themselves as candidates for the leadership of the
Unionist Party in the Commons. However, as Austen Chamberlain was still officially at least a Liberal Unionist, his candidature was opposed by many Conservatives, because they already had the Liberal Unionist Lord Lansdowne leading them
1193:
finds no correlation between
Liberal MPs' class background and their position on home rule. Jonathan Parry and T. A. Jenkins have separately argued that Gladstone's domineering leadership, his intense religiosity and his pandering to public opinion alienated the more secular and rationalist outlook
529:
It was possible that at this stage
Chamberlain could have become leader of all the surviving Unionists (at least all those in favour of tariff reform) and force Balfour to resign. However, even protectionist Tories were reluctant to choose Chamberlain as their leader, not having forgotten how, as a
626:
accepted as their political label after 1859) had been managed to become almost the party of permanent government with just a couple of
Conservative interludes. After 1886, it was the Conservatives who enjoyed this position and they received a huge boost with their electoral and political alliance
450:
inflicted on the
Liberal Party. The resulting government was generally referred to as "Unionist", and the distinction between Conservatives and Liberal Unionists began to dissolve, though the latter were still able to field around 100 candidates for all the subsequent general elections until the
521:
With a few exceptions, the remaining
Liberal Unionists were now firm supporters of tariffs, as were now the majority of the Conservative MPs. Indeed, for a short period in early 1906, Chamberlain was the de facto leader of the Unionist alliance in the House of Commons, as the Conservative party
426:
The failed talks of 1887 forced the
Liberal Unionists to continue to develop their links with the Conservatives. In Parliament, they supported the Salisbury administration, though they sat on the opposition benches alongside the Liberals. Hostile feelings between the former political colleagues
1230:
The play was first performed at the Queen's
Theatre London on 14 February 1895 and ran for 83 performances. Jack Worthing's declaration that he was in essence apolitical but – if pressed – would say Liberal Unionist was a joke that would have appealed to the audiences that saw the play in that
482:
From the start, there was tension within the
Liberal Unionists between the moderate Whigs, such as Devonshire, and the more radical Chamberlainites. While both factions opposed Home Rule, there was little else that united them, and a separate Liberal Unionist identity was hard to define in the
311:
faction of the party and had been expected to split from the Liberal Party anyway, for reasons connected with economic and social policy. Some of the Unionists held extensive landed estates in Ireland and feared these would be broken up or confiscated if Ireland had its own government, while
1234:
Since 1895 the then topical 'Liberal Unionist' reference has caused some problems with later productions of the play. Usually the line is retained – despite its reference to a long dead political issue (and also party) but it was altered or omitted in at least two film versions of the play.
418:
While the Whiggish wing of the Liberal Unionists cooperated informally with the Conservative Government (and supplied it with a cabinet minister), the party's Radical Unionist wing held a series of meetings with their former Liberal colleagues. Led by Chamberlain and Sir
565:
effectively stripped the House of Lords of its ability to veto it, while leaving it with delaying powers. This encouraged a movement to merge the two parties formally at the constituency and national organizational levels, a process speeded up by the election in 1911 of
541:
Chamberlain could, perhaps, have led the Unionists despite these drawbacks, but in July 1906 he suffered a stroke, which left him physically crippled. He remained semi-politically active and continued as the official leader of the Liberal Unionists, but his son
589:. Although by 1912 the political distinctions between the two parties had long ceased to have any real meaning, they had been a residual factor in Austen Chamberlain's failure to become the Unionist leader in the House of Commons in 1911. When
462:), the party still continued to maintain a separate identity and to raise their own funds. Their strength in the House of Commons fell from 78 seats in 1886 to 47 in 1892 but recovered to 71 and then 68 in the general elections of 1895 and
410:, Salisbury offered the position to Goschen, by far the most conservative of the leading Liberal Unionists. After consulting Hartington, Goschen agreed to join the Conservative government and remained Chancellor for the next six years.
641:
Though the Liberal Unionist party disappeared as a separate organisation in 1912, the Chamberlain legacy helped keep the industrial powerhouse of Birmingham from returning to the Liberal Party and would only be changed in 1945 in the
5045:
617:
The political impact of the Liberal Unionist breakaway marked the end of the long nineteenth century domination by the Liberal Party of the British political scene. From 1830 to 1886 the Liberals (the name the Whigs,
506:
before he too defected to the Liberals in 1904. Most of them eventually left the party while Devonshire ended his political career estranged from both main parties and appears to have sat in the House of Lords as a
1603:
The united organisation was initially called the National Unionist Association of Conservative and Liberal Unionist Organisations. This was modified in 1917 to the National Union of Conservative and Unionist
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Though not numerous, the Liberal Unionists boasted having the vast bulk of the old Whig aristocracy within their ranks, as represented by the stolid "old money" Duke of Devonshire. Another example is
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Devonshire died in 1908 but, despite the loss of the party's two most famous standard bearers, the Liberal Unionists were still able to increase their parliamentary representation in the two
1622:
In Birmingham separate Liberal Unionist and Conservative associations persisted until 1919 when they were merged to form the Birmingham Unionist Association. The prime mover behind this was
609:, though its MPs sat with the Conservatives and were part of the Conservative Party in all but name only; the Scottish party finally officially merged with its English counterpart in 1965.
483:
politics of the late 1890s. Weak local party associations were encouraged to amalgamate with their Conservative allies, though Devonshire's wish to merge fully was rejected by Chamberlain.
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1270:– the lines were dropped yet episodes and characters in an earlier version of the play that Wilde had been encouraged to drop before the play's first performance were re-incorporated.
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reports that after 1886, Gladstone's main Liberal Party was deserted by practically the entire Whig peerage and the great majority of the upper-class and upper-middle-class Liberals.
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but kept separate political funds and their own party organisations until a complete merger between the Liberal Unionist and the Conservative parties was agreed to in May 1912.
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to British party politics. Scholars since 1970 have dropped this class conflict approach. They see the Liberal Unionists as motivated primarily by ideology not class. For example,
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Liberal, in the 1880s, he had been one of their sternest critics. Also, in an age when religious identification still mattered, Chamberlain was not a member of the established
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of many Liberals. Ian Cawood portrays the Liberal Unionists as a distinct and vital political force, at least until 1895 when they entered coalition with the Conservatives.
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By now all chance of a reunion between the Liberals and Liberal Unionists had disappeared, and it was no great surprise when leading Liberal Unionists joined Salisbury's
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left the Conservatives as the largest party in the House of Commons, but without an overall majority. The leading Liberal Unionists were invited to join the Conservative
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In May 1912 the formal merger of the Conservatives and Liberal Unionists was finally accomplished to form the Conservative and Unionist Party, now usually called the
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In 1889 the National Radical Union changed its name to the National Liberal Union and remained a separate organisation from the main Liberal Unionist Council.
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Ferris, Wesley (2011). "The Candidates of the Liberal Unionist Party, 1886–1912". Parliamentary History. 30# 2: 142–157. doi:10.1111/j.1750-0206.2011.00246.x.
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Despite these tensions, the Liberal Unionists more or less managed to stay together until 1903, when in a surprise move, Chamberlain dramatically launched
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that had a Liberal base were deeply split. Ensor notes that "London society, following the known views of the Queen, practically ostracized home rulers".
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The anti-Home Rule Liberals formed a Committee for the Preservation of the Union in early 1886, and were soon joined by a smaller radical faction led by
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Having two parties and two sets of leaders allowed the Unionists to appeal to a broader group of voters and remain anchored in the political centre.
634:. The Duke of Devonshire's political partner, the Radical Joseph Chamberlain, was from a very different "new money" background, a businessman and a
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1571:"All in the name: Lord Lexden takes a look through the history books to report on the 100th anniversary of the renaming of the Conservative Party"
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Chamberlain used anti-Catholicism to build a base for the new party among "Orange" Nonconformist Protestant elements in Britain and Ireland.
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was elected unopposed by Unionist Members, and Austen Chamberlain would have to wait ten years for his chance to lead the united party.
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55:
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W. C. Lubenow, "Irish Home Rule and the great separation in the Liberal Party in 1886: the dimensions of parliamentary liberalism."
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435:. Leading the opposition to the Bill were Hartington (now the Duke of Devonshire) and Chamberlain. The Bill was defeated in the
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had lost his seat in the election (though he soon managed to return to parliament after a conveniently-arranged by-election).
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582:, many local Liberal Unionists and Conservatives had already formed joint constituency associations in the previous decade.
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there is an exchange between Jack Worthing and Lady Bracknell about his suitability as a match for her daughter Gwendolen.
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Though a few Liberal Unionists like Goschen formally joined the Conservatives (by becoming member of the exclusively Tory
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65:
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17:
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as the new Conservative Party leader. An effective merger had already happened to some extent in Ireland, with the
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Iain Sharpe argues that for many years historians largely ignored the party or mentioned it as introducing a new
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1939:
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The Conservatives had a majority of seats in the House of Commons in 1841–1846 and 1874–1880 as a united party.
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186:
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The issue of tariff reform had now become overshadowed by the revived threat of Home Rule for Ireland, as the
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1926:
The Last of the Whigs: A Political Biography of Lord Hartington, later Eighth Duke of Devonshire (1833–1908)
431:. Forming a minority government (with Irish Nationalist parliamentary support), the Liberals introduced the
276:
holding the balance of power, and had convinced Gladstone that the Irish wanted and deserved instatement of
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5345:
5190:
5130:
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3422:
1876:
Fraser, Peter. "The Liberal Unionist Alliance: Chamberlain, Hartington, and the Conservatives, 1886–1904."
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846:
144:
1807:
Davis, Peter. "The Liberal Unionist Party and the Irish Policy of Lord Salisbury's Government, 1886–1892"
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http://www.historyandpolicy.org/policy-papers/papers/liberal-conservative-coalitions-a-farce-and-a-fraud
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3174:
432:
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1956:
Lloyd-Jones, N. (August 2015). "Liberal Unionism and Political Representation in Wales, c.1886–1893".
1838:
Ferris, Wesley. "The Liberal Unionist Party, 1886–1912" (PhD dissertation, McMaster University, 2008.
1361:
Wesley Ferris, "The Liberal Unionist Party, 1886–1912"" (PhD dissertation, McMaster University, 2008.
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Country Before Party: Coalition and the Idea of "National Government" in modern Britain, 1885–1987
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LADY BRACKNELL: Oh, they count as Tories. They dine with us. Or come in the evening, at any rate.
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Blaxill, Luke (2016). "Opposition to Irish Home Rule". In Huzzey, Richard; Childs, Mike (eds.).
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655:
1814:
Fair, John D. "From Liberal to Conservative: The Flight of the Liberal Unionists after 1886."
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John D. Fair, "From Liberal to Conservative: The Flight of the Liberal Unionists after 1886."
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electoral landslide of that year. It also remained a profound influence on Chamberlain's sons
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and Lansdowne effectively acted on his behalf in both the party and the Tariff Reform League.
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1886–1891 (succeeded to his father's titles in 1891 and became the party leader in the Lords)
575:
176:
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2003:
Cavendish, Spencer Compton, marquess of Hartington and eighth duke of Devonshire (1833–1908)
211:
was a British political party that was formed in 1886 by a faction that broke away from the
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and the separately organized Ulster Unionist Council in 1905, later formally to become the
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317:
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1869:
France, John. "Salisbury and the Unionist Alliance" in Robert Blake and Hugh Cecil, eds.,
8:
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Hartington had suffered a personal loss at the hands of Irish Nationalists in 1882 when
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498:(also called the Free Food League) which included a sizeable minority of Conservative
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2014:
Unionists Divided; Arthur Balfour, Joseph Chamberlain and the Unionist Free Traders
1965:
1931:
Jenkins, T. A. "The funding of the Liberal Unionist party and the honours system."
1858:
1831:
Fair, John D. "Party Voting Behaviour in the British House of Commons, 1886–1918,'
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Cawood, Ian. "The 1892 General Election and the Eclipse of the Liberal Unionists."
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The Climax of British Politics: British Liberalism in Theory and Practice 1868–1918
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820:
810:
712:
157:
31:
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Ferris, Wesley (2011). "The Candidates of the Liberal Unionist Party, 1886–1912".
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Following the merger, the party remained officially distinct in Scotland as the
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to the cause of Irish Home Rule (i.e. limited self-government for Ireland). The
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772:
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436:
2002:
1948:
Jenkins, T. A. "Hartington, Chamberlain and the Unionist Alliance, 1886–1895"
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1976:
McCaffrey, John F. "The Origins of Liberal Unionism in the West of Scotland"
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2009:, Oxford University Press, 2004; online edn, Jan 2008, accessed 5 Jan 2014].
1969:
1781:; the only full-scale history of the party in print; see Ferris (2008) below
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508:
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Cawood, Ian. "The Unionist 'Compact' in West Midland Politics 1891–1895."
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with a speech in his Birmingham political homeland. This departure from
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hardened with the return of Gladstone as Prime Minister, following the
1936:
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567:
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Joseph Chamberlain, head of the "tariff" faction of the party (1896).
353:
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The Peers, the Parties and the People: the general elections of 1910
1221:
JACK: Well, I am afraid I really have none. I am a Liberal Unionist.
5140:
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2070:
http://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/10.1111/1468-2281.12092/abstract
662:
Leaders of the Liberal Unionists in the House of Commons, 1886–1912
623:
172:
1593:
from the original on 2016-09-19 – via alistairlexden.org.uk.
439:
by a massive majority of Conservative and Liberal Unionist peers.
288:
would lead to independence for Ireland and the dissolution of the
3550:
2033:
Sharpe, Iain. "Review of: The Liberal Unionist Party: A History"
681:
Leaders of the Liberal Unionists in the House of Lords, 1886–1912
137:
2074:
1893:
Goodman, Gordon L. "Liberal Unionism: the revolt of the Whigs."
1667:
Iain Sharpe, "Review of: The Liberal Unionist Party: A History"
133:
30:"Liberal Unionist" redirects here. For the Canadian party, see
260:
The Liberal Unionists owe their origins to the conversion of
252:
The Liberal Unionists' leader, the Duke of Devonshire (1897,
1995:
The Rise and Fall of Liberal Government in Victorian Britain
1740:
The Nonconformist Conscience: Chapel and Politics, 1870–1914
1718:
The Rise and Fall of Liberal Government in Victorian Britain
4644:
2060:
http://www.british-history.ac.uk/report.aspx?compid=22972
299:
The majority of Liberal Unionists, including Hartington,
1912:
The Life of Spencer Compton, eighth duke of Devonshire.
223:, the party established a political alliance with the
1722:
Gladstone, Whiggery, and the Liberal Party, 1874–1886
1526:
1524:
1522:
748:
Chichester Parkinson-Fortescue, 1st Baron Carlingford
231:. The two parties formed the ten-year-long coalition
5357:
European Conservatives Group and Democratic Alliance
4875:
Organisations associated with the Conservative Party
1849:; Detailed bibliography pp 397–418. full text online
1754:
Liberalism and Liberal Politics in Edwardian England
1246:(the son of a former British Liberal Prime Minister
668:
Spencer Cavendish styled by courtesy Lord Hartington
3680:
1197:
502:(MPs) including, for a few months, Conservative MP
1519:
699:Henry Petty-Fitzmaurice, 5th Marquess of Lansdowne
71:Henry Petty-Fitzmaurice, 5th Marquess of Lansdowne
5046:Conservative National Property Advisory Committee
1216:LADY BRACKNELL : ... What are your politics?
5475:
1801:British Parliamentary Election Results 1885–1918
1449:
1411:
556:
5494:Defunct political parties in the United Kingdom
3516:Britain's Industrial Future ("The Yellow Book")
1772:online review and historiography by Iain Sharpe
1487:
3460:
1453:Joseph Chamberlain: A Most Radical Imperialist
705:
469:
3666:
2090:
1798:
1491:The Challenge of Democracy: Britain 1832–1918
5529:1912 disestablishments in the United Kingdom
4856:
1986:Joseph Chamberlain: Entrepreneur in Politics
1332:Campaigning for Change: Lessons from History
5400:European Conservatives and Reformists Group
5340:European Conservatives and Reformists Party
5056:Conservative Science & Technology Forum
2137:Leaders in the House of Commons (1859–1916)
1565:
578:. Outside Scotland and the English city of
290:United Kingdom of Great Britain and Ireland
5081:Conservative Workers & Trade Unionists
3673:
3659:
2097:
2083:
1347:: CS1 maint: location missing publisher (
359:
284:. Some Liberals believed that Gladstone's
5524:1886 establishments in the United Kingdom
4796:Directly elected city mayoral authorities
3396:
2212:Leaders in the House of Lords (1859–1916)
1652:
1634:
1061:Spencer Cavendish, 8th Duke of Devonshire
1030:Spencer Cavendish, 8th Duke of Devonshire
999:Spencer Cavendish, 8th Duke of Devonshire
693:Spencer Cavendish, 8th Duke of Devonshire
413:
56:Spencer Cavendish, 8th Duke of Devonshire
5514:Political parties disestablished in 1912
4477:
3734:History of conservatism in Great Britain
3300:Liberal Party Frontbench Team, 1976–1988
3295:Liberal Party Frontbench Team, 1967–1976
3290:Liberal Party Frontbench Team, 1956–1967
3285:Liberal Party Frontbench Team, 1945–1956
3056:
1381:
1379:
1377:
1375:
1373:
1371:
1369:
1367:
928:
473:
363:
247:
4434:Deputy Leader of the Conservative Party
2028:A New England?: Peace and War 1886–1918
2007:Oxford Dictionary of National Biography
1928:(Fairleigh Dickinson Univ Press, 1994).
1329:
913:Hugh Grosvenor, 1st Duke of Westminster
14:
5534:History of the Conservative Party (UK)
5476:
5101:Conservatives for International Travel
4953:Conservative Animal Welfare Foundation
1997:(2nd ed.). Yale University Press.
627:with a party of disaffected Liberals.
5519:Liberal parties in the United Kingdom
5504:Political parties established in 1886
5317:
5249:
5076:Conservative Women National Committee
4855:
4663:
4476:
3839:
3694:
3654:
3590:
3589:
3459:
3395:
3240:
3088:
3055:
2116:
2078:
1992:
1983:
1768:The Liberal Unionist Party: A History
1641:Journal of Physics: Conference Series
1552:James Louis Garvin and Julian Amery,
1387:The Liberal Unionist Party: A History
1364:
862:Roundell Palmer, 1st Earl of Selborne
3487:Independent Liberal Party (UK, 1918)
1873:(Macmillan, 1987), pp. 219–251.
904:(rejoined the Liberal Party in 1887)
892:Robert Lowe, 1st Viscount Sherbrooke
867:William Palmer, 2nd Earl of Selborne
738:Francis Russell, 9th Duke of Bedford
5509:Liberal Party (UK) breakaway groups
5318:
4988:Conservative Friends of the Chinese
4692:Treasurer of the Conservative Party
4664:
1871:Salisbury: The Man and his Policies
1635:Hutchison, Iain (7 December 2007).
852:Thomas Baring, 1st Baron Northbrook
733:George Campbell, 8th Duke of Argyll
598:in the House of Lords. In the end,
522:leader, and former Prime Minister,
219:(later the Duke of Devonshire) and
24:
5424:Ulster Conservatives and Unionists
4963:Conservative Co-operative Movement
4687:Conservative Campaign Headquarters
1955:
1731:
1637:"Lord Kelvin and Liberal Unionism"
1584:Dod's Parliamentary Communications
884:, journalist and explorer; MP for
771:, son of biologist and naturalist
687:Edward Stanley, 15th Earl of Derby
66:Edward Stanley, 15th Earl of Derby
25:
5545:
5499:Defunct liberal political parties
5091:Conservatives Against Fox Hunting
5021:Conservative Humanist Association
5006:Conservative Friends of Palestine
4992:Conservative Friends of Gibraltar
4958:Conservative Christian Fellowship
4912:Association of Conservative Clubs
4892:Conservative Women's Organisation
3729:History of the Conservative Party
3621:National Liberal Party (UK, 1931)
3613:National Liberal Party (UK, 1922)
3365:National League of Young Liberals
3194:Coalitions with Liberal ministers
2104:
2053:
1742:(George Allen & Unwin, 1982).
1180:
908:William Thomson, 1st Baron Kelvin
874:, polar explorer; candidate for
593:resigned, Austen Chamberlain and
5458:
5448:
5051:Conservative Rural Affairs Group
4835:Conservative Party Review (2016)
4738:Conservative Chief Whip's Office
4717:National Conservative Convention
4701:Conservative Research Department
3100:Single party Liberal governments
1863:10.1111/j.1750-0206.2011.00246.x
1290:Liberalism in the United Kingdom
1198:In popular culture and the media
352:popularised the catchy slogan, "
5301:Society of Conservative Lawyers
5250:
4983:Conservative Friends of America
3683:Conservative and Unionist Party
3500:Independent Liberals (UK, 1931)
3089:
1852:
1770:(I.B. Tauris. 2012)., 362, pp.
1710:
1697:
1684:
1661:
1628:
1616:
1607:
1597:
1559:
1546:
1508:from the original on 2021-02-01
1470:from the original on 2021-02-01
1432:from the original on 2021-02-01
1311:Irish issue in British politics
1209:The Importance of Being Earnest
455:when that total dropped to 75.
124:Conservative and Unionist Party
5041:Conservative Education Society
5011:Conservative Friends of Turkey
5001:Conservative Friends of Israel
4968:Conservative Countryside Forum
4772:Northern Ireland Conservatives
3840:
2492:Leaders in the Lords (1916–88)
2117:
1980:Vol. 50 (1971) pp. 47–71.
1654:10.1088/1742-6596/158/1/012004
1554:The Life of Joseph Chamberlain
1533:
1481:
1456:. I.B.Tauris. pp. 74–76.
1443:
1405:
1392:
1355:
1323:
1081:Conservative–Liberal Unionist
1050:Conservative–Liberal Unionist
988:Conservative–Liberal Unionist
453:December 1910 general election
187:Politics of the United Kingdom
13:
1:
5387:European People's Party Group
4996:Conservative Friends of India
4973:Conservative Disability Group
4756:Conservative Party Conference
3264:Members of the House of Lords
3241:
1952:11#1 (1992) pp. 108–138.
1811:18#1 (1975), p. 85–104.
1316:
845:, great great grandfather of
557:Fusion with the Conservatives
534:but belonged to the minority
233:Unionist Government 1895–1905
5489:Conservative liberal parties
5412:Movement for European Reform
5346:International Democrat Union
5131:Margaret Thatcher Foundation
5066:Conservative Transport Group
5061:Conservative Trade Unionists
1494:. Routledge. pp. 134–.
1415:The Nonconformist Conscience
847:Catherine, Princess of Wales
243:
7:
5418:Alliance for an Open Europe
5394:European Conservative Group
4978:Conservative European Forum
3784:General election manifestos
3695:
3510:General election manifestos
3316:National Liberal Federation
3148:Campbell-Bannerman ministry
1799:Craig, F.W.S., ed. (1974).
1763:(U of Toronto Press, 1972).
1273:
706:Prominent Liberal Unionists
470:Protectionism vs Free trade
408:Chancellor of the Exchequer
10:
5550:
5377:Conservative–DUP agreement
5016:Conservative History Group
4943:Blue Collar Conservativism
3713:Conservative Party Archive
3461:History and related topics
3375:Women's Liberal Federation
3321:Liberal Party Organisation
3210:Second National Government
3175:Asquith coalition ministry
1978:Scottish Historical Review
1756:(Allen & Unwin, 1986).
968:The Marquess of Hartington
238:
29:
5465:United Kingdom portal
5445:
5365:
5335:List of current alliances
5328:
5324:
5313:
5281:Centre for Social Justice
5276:Centre for Policy Studies
5256:
5245:
5204:
5191:Young Britons' Foundation
5036:Conservative Muslim Forum
4920:
4884:
4866:
4862:
4851:
4827:
4819:Conservative Associations
4811:
4795:
4764:
4748:
4725:
4709:
4674:
4670:
4659:
4483:
4472:
4426:
4119:
4014:
3917:
3850:
3846:
3835:
3799:Irish Conservative Party
3769:Unionist Free Food League
3721:
3705:
3701:
3690:
3596:
3585:
3466:
3455:
3402:
3391:
3370:Union of Liberal Students
3355:
3339:
3308:
3277:
3251:
3247:
3236:
3202:First National Government
3193:
3166:
3132:Fourth Gladstone ministry
3116:Second Gladstone ministry
3099:
3095:
3084:
3062:
3051:
2574:
2491:
2392:
2295:Overall Leaders (1916–88)
2294:
2211:
2136:
2127:
2123:
2112:
2030:(2004) survey of the era.
1933:English Historical Review
1878:English Historical Review
1450:Travis L. Crosby (2011).
1418:. Routledge. p. 93.
1412:D. W. Bebbington (2014).
785:, author; candidate for
612:
354:Home rule means Rome rule
182:
166:
143:
129:
119:
109:
94:
79:
48:
39:
5372:List of former alliances
5161:One Nation Conservatives
5071:Conservative Way Forward
4857:Associated organisations
4682:Conservative Party Board
3629:Liberal Party (UK, 1989)
3124:Third Gladstone ministry
3108:First Gladstone ministry
1988:. Yale University Press.
1984:Marsh, Peter T. (1994).
1910:Holland, Bernard Henry.
1488:Hugh Cunningham (2014).
843:Francis Martineau Lupton
658:coalition in the 1930s.
553:to 43 and then 49 MPs.
5455:Conservatism portal
5383:European People's Party
5350:European Democrat Union
5156:Northern Research Group
5121:European Research Group
5026:Conservative Mainstream
4787:Gibraltar Conservatives
3809:Scottish Unionist Party
3423:Social Democratic Party
1970:10.1111/1468-2281.12092
1935:105.417 (1990): 920–93
1835:5#1 (1986), pp. 65–82.
1720:(1993); T. A. Jenkins,
1334:. London. p. 106.
1295:Scottish Unionist Party
923:Frederick Leveson-Gower
632:Frederick Leveson-Gower
404:Lord Randolph Churchill
402:In December 1886, when
360:Break with the Liberals
270:Charles Stewart Parnell
262:William Ewart Gladstone
168:Political position
153:Conservative liberalism
27:British political party
5484:Liberal Unionist Party
5086:Conservatives 4 Cities
4777:Scottish Conservatives
3819:National Liberal Party
3794:Liberal Unionist Party
3601:Liberal Unionist Party
3475:Coalition Government:
3326:Scottish Liberal Party
3218:Churchill war ministry
3167:Liberal-led coalitions
3156:First Asquith ministry
2873:Henley and Northington
1880:77#302 (1962): 53–78.
1857:. 30# 2 (2): 142–157.
1749:(Edward Arnold, 1987).
934:Electoral performance
832:Lord James of Hereford
817:Lord Richard Grosvenor
551:1910 general elections
479:
448:heavy electoral defeat
446:in 1895 following the
414:The Unionist Coalition
380:
316:was killed during the
307:, were drawn from the
257:
209:Liberal Unionist Party
42:Liberal Unionist Party
5428:Ulster Unionist Party
5181:Tory Green Initiative
5096:Conservatives at Work
3814:National Party (1917)
3496:National Government:
3412:National Liberal Club
3397:Related organisations
3259:Members of Parliament
3183:Lloyd George ministry
2016:(Archon Books, 1972).
1950:Parliamentary History
1897:3.2 (1959): 173–189.
1855:Parliamentary History
1833:Parliamentary History
1786:Parliamentary History
1752:Bernstein, George L.
1707:26.2 (1983): 161–180.
1306:Ulster Unionist Party
929:Electoral performance
918:Nevil Story Maskelyne
576:Ulster Unionist Party
516:1906 general election
500:Members of Parliament
477:
433:second Home Rule bill
429:1892 general election
406:suddenly resigned as
367:
278:Home Rule for Ireland
266:1885 general election
251:
5166:Popular Conservatism
5111:COVID Recovery Group
4902:Conservatives Abroad
4803:London Conservatives
4478:Leadership elections
3804:Irish Unionist Party
3779:Carlton Club meeting
3764:Tariff Reform League
3616:(David Lloyd George)
3561:Radical Reform Group
3471:Liberal Imperialists
3435:Ulster Liberal Party
3429:SDP–Liberal Alliance
3057:Leadership elections
1788:29.3 (2010): 331–57.
1301:Irish Unionist Party
882:Henry Morton Stanley
572:Irish Unionist Party
318:Phoenix Park Murders
5286:European Foundation
5171:Renewing One Nation
5116:European Foundation
5031:Conservative Health
4938:The Atlantic Bridge
4907:LGBT+ Conservatives
4897:Young Conservatives
4782:Welsh Conservatives
4616:July–September 2022
4516:Thatcher re-elected
3634:Michael Meadowcroft
3331:Welsh Liberal Party
2012:Rempel, Richard A.
1958:Historical Research
1624:Neville Chamberlain
1569:(1 November 2012).
935:
656:National Government
652:Neville Chamberlain
563:Parliament Act 1911
5406:European Democrats
4948:Common Sense Group
3749:Tamworth Manifesto
2193:Campbell-Bannerman
2044:2016-11-18 at the
2035:Reviews in History
2001:Parry, Jonathan. "
1993:Parry, J. (1996).
1942:2017-04-02 at the
1924:Jackson, Patrick.
1904:2017-04-02 at the
1887:2017-04-02 at the
1845:2017-02-18 at the
1825:2017-04-02 at the
1809:Historical Journal
1795:30 (2005): 92–111.
1777:2016-11-18 at the
1745:Bentley, Michael.
1738:Bebbington, D. W.
1678:2016-11-18 at the
1669:Reviews in History
1586:. pp. 46–48.
1154:Joseph Chamberlain
1123:Joseph Chamberlain
1092:Joseph Chamberlain
933:
856:Earl of Northbrook
783:Arthur Conan Doyle
759:Joseph Chamberlain
754:Austen Chamberlain
723:Jonathan Backhouse
674:Joseph Chamberlain
587:Conservative Party
544:Austen Chamberlain
480:
444:new administration
381:
325:Joseph Chamberlain
280:and so reform the
258:
225:Conservative Party
221:Joseph Chamberlain
61:Joseph Chamberlain
5471:
5470:
5441:
5440:
5437:
5436:
5309:
5308:
5241:
5240:
5237:
5236:
5186:Tory Reform Group
5106:Cornerstone Group
4847:
4846:
4843:
4842:
4655:
4654:
4468:
4467:
4464:
4463:
3951:
3831:
3830:
3827:
3826:
3739:Electoral history
3648:
3647:
3644:
3643:
3637:
3625:
3617:
3609:
3606:Spencer Cavendish
3591:Breakaway parties
3581:
3580:
3451:
3450:
3442:Liberal Democrats
3387:
3386:
3383:
3382:
3232:
3231:
3228:
3227:
3140:Rosebery ministry
3080:
3079:
3047:
3046:
3043:
3042:
2388:
2387:
2315:
1895:Victorian Studies
1818:(1986): 291–314.
1816:Victorian Studies
1705:Victorian Studies
1692:England 1870–1914
1541:Victorian Studies
1400:England 1870–1914
1268:Reese Witherspoon
1252:2002 film version
1240:1952 film version
1178:
1177:
1174:Liberal minority
1143:Liberal minority
1019:Liberal minority
872:Ernest Shackleton
802:Millicent Fawcett
787:Edinburgh Central
532:Church of England
504:Winston Churchill
496:Free Trade League
343:Gentlemen's clubs
282:85 years of union
227:in opposition to
205:
204:
192:Political parties
18:Liberal Unionists
16:(Redirected from
5541:
5463:
5462:
5461:
5453:
5452:
5451:
5326:
5325:
5315:
5314:
5247:
5246:
4921:Factional groups
4885:Sectional groups
4864:
4863:
4853:
4852:
4672:
4671:
4661:
4660:
4538:Major re-elected
4474:
4473:
4123:
4122:Chairmen (1911–)
4018:
3967:
3952:
3946:
3921:
3920:House of Commons
3854:
3848:
3847:
3837:
3836:
3774:Coalition Coupon
3703:
3702:
3692:
3691:
3684:
3675:
3668:
3661:
3652:
3651:
3631:
3623:
3615:
3603:
3587:
3586:
3571:Rockingham Whigs
3479:Coalition Coupon
3457:
3456:
3393:
3392:
3347:Liberal Assembly
3252:Parliamentarians
3249:
3248:
3238:
3237:
3221:
3213:
3205:
3186:
3178:
3159:
3151:
3143:
3135:
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3119:
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3086:
3085:
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3052:
3036:
3028:
3020:
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2844:
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2804:
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2756:
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2740:
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2700:
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2668:
2660:
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2644:
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2620:
2612:
2604:
2596:
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2559:
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2535:
2527:
2519:
2511:
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2420:
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2404:
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2313:
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2231:
2223:
2204:
2196:
2188:
2180:
2172:
2164:
2156:
2148:
2134:
2133:
2125:
2124:
2114:
2113:
2099:
2092:
2085:
2076:
2075:
2048:; historiography
1998:
1989:
1973:
1964:(241): 482–507.
1866:
1804:
1725:
1714:
1708:
1701:
1695:
1688:
1682:
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1611:
1605:
1601:
1595:
1594:
1592:
1575:
1563:
1557:
1550:
1544:
1543:(1986): 291–314.
1537:
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1516:
1514:
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1485:
1479:
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1346:
1338:
1327:
1170:
1139:
1108:
1077:
1046:
1015:
984:
936:
932:
902:George Trevelyan
811:Viscount Goschen
713:Alfred Hopkinson
595:Walter Hume Long
421:George Trevelyan
377:House of Commons
158:British unionism
120:Merged into
105:
103:
90:
88:
37:
36:
32:Liberal-Unionist
21:
5549:
5548:
5544:
5543:
5542:
5540:
5539:
5538:
5474:
5473:
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5467:
5459:
5457:
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5414:
5408:
5402:
5396:
5390:
5379:
5373:
5361:
5353:
5342:
5336:
5320:
5319:Party alliances
5305:
5296:Policy Exchange
5252:
5233:
5200:
5151:No Turning Back
4916:
4880:
4858:
4839:
4823:
4807:
4791:
4760:
4744:
4721:
4705:
4666:
4665:Party structure
4651:
4479:
4460:
4422:
4121:
4115:
4017:Leaders (1922–)
4016:
4010:
3955:
3945:
3923:
3919:
3913:
3856:
3852:
3842:
3823:
3759:Primrose League
3717:
3697:
3686:
3682:
3679:
3649:
3640:
3592:
3577:
3462:
3447:
3438:
3419:
3398:
3379:
3351:
3335:
3304:
3273:
3243:
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3208:
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3189:
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3162:
3154:
3146:
3138:
3130:
3122:
3114:
3106:
3091:
3076:
3058:
3039:
3031:
3023:
3015:
3007:
2999:
2991:
2983:
2975:
2967:
2959:
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2250:
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2199:
2191:
2183:
2175:
2167:
2159:
2151:
2143:
2119:
2108:
2103:
2056:
2051:
2046:Wayback Machine
1944:Wayback Machine
1914:(2 vols 1911).
1906:Wayback Machine
1889:Wayback Machine
1847:Wayback Machine
1827:Wayback Machine
1793:Midland History
1779:Wayback Machine
1759:Blewett, Neal.
1734:
1732:Further reading
1729:
1728:
1715:
1711:
1702:
1698:
1689:
1685:
1680:Wayback Machine
1666:
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1633:
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1556:(Vol. 6. 1969).
1551:
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1244:Anthony Asquith
1200:
1183:
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1137:
1109:
1106:
1078:
1075:
1047:
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1016:
1013:
985:
982:
931:
821:Lord Stalbridge
708:
683:
664:
615:
559:
472:
416:
371:introduces the
362:
246:
241:
229:Irish Home Rule
217:Lord Hartington
201:
162:
110:Split from
101:
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86:
84:
75:
44:
43:
35:
28:
23:
22:
15:
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5:
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4733:1922 Committee
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4207:
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4178:
4173:
4168:
4163:
4158:
4153:
4151:N. Chamberlain
4148:
4143:
4138:
4133:
4131:Steel-Maitland
4127:
4125:
4117:
4116:
4114:
4113:
4108:
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4098:
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4088:
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4078:
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4043:
4038:
4036:N. Chamberlain
4033:
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4012:
4011:
4009:
4008:
4006:A. Chamberlain
4003:
3998:
3993:
3988:
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3938:
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3896:
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3871:
3866:
3860:
3858:
3853:House of Lords
3844:
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3833:
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3573:
3563:
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3556:Radical Action
3553:
3548:
3546:One more heave
3543:
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3524:
3519:
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3505:
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3492:
3484:
3473:
3467:
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3444:(1988-present)
3439:
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2469:
2461:
2453:
2445:
2437:
2433:M Lloyd George
2429:
2421:
2413:
2405:
2396:
2394:
2393:Deputy Leaders
2390:
2389:
2386:
2385:
2383:
2382:
2374:
2366:
2358:
2350:
2342:
2334:
2326:
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2256:
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2240:
2232:
2224:
2215:
2213:
2209:
2208:
2206:
2205:
2197:
2189:
2181:
2173:
2165:
2157:
2149:
2140:
2138:
2131:
2121:
2120:
2110:
2109:
2102:
2101:
2094:
2087:
2079:
2073:
2072:
2067:
2062:
2055:
2054:External links
2052:
2050:
2049:
2031:
2026:Searle, G. R.
2024:
2019:Searle, G. R.
2017:
2010:
1999:
1990:
1981:
1974:
1953:
1946:
1929:
1922:
1908:
1891:
1874:
1867:
1850:
1836:
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1782:
1764:
1757:
1750:
1743:
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1733:
1730:
1727:
1726:
1709:
1696:
1690:Robert Ensor,
1683:
1660:
1627:
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1558:
1545:
1532:
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1500:
1480:
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1404:
1398:R.C.K. Ensor,
1391:
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1318:
1315:
1314:
1313:
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1303:
1298:
1292:
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1275:
1272:
1264:Rupert Everett
1254:which starred
1228:
1227:
1223:
1222:
1218:
1217:
1199:
1196:
1187:class division
1182:
1181:Historiography
1179:
1176:
1175:
1172:
1167:
1165:
1162:
1159:
1156:
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927:
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920:
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910:
905:
899:
897:Henry Sidgwick
894:
889:
879:
869:
864:
859:
849:
840:
838:W. E. H. Lecky
835:
824:
814:
807:George Goschen
804:
799:
794:
780:
773:Charles Darwin
769:Leonard Darwin
766:
764:Jesse Collings
761:
756:
750:
745:
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730:
720:
715:
707:
704:
703:
702:
696:
690:
682:
679:
678:
677:
671:
663:
660:
614:
611:
607:Unionist Party
591:Arthur Balfour
558:
555:
524:Arthur Balfour
471:
468:
437:House of Lords
415:
412:
389:Lord Salisbury
373:Home Rule Bill
361:
358:
305:George Goschen
301:Lord Lansdowne
286:Home Rule bill
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5479:
5466:
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5407:
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5398:
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5388:
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5262:
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5230:
5227:
5223:
5220:
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5215:
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5210:
5209:
5207:
5203:
5197:
5196:Five Families
5194:
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5184:
5182:
5179:
5177:
5176:Selsdon Group
5174:
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5159:
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5149:
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4726:Parliamentary
4724:
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4532:
4528:
4525:
4524:
4523:
4520:
4515:
4514:
4513:
4510:
4506:
4503:
4502:
4501:
4498:
4494:
4491:
4490:
4489:
4486:
4485:
4482:
4475:
4471:
4455:
4452:
4450:
4447:
4445:
4442:
4440:
4437:
4436:
4435:
4432:
4431:
4429:
4425:
4419:
4416:
4414:
4411:
4409:
4406:
4404:
4401:
4399:
4396:
4394:
4390:
4387:
4385:
4381:
4378:
4376:
4372:
4369:
4367:
4363:
4360:
4358:
4355:
4353:
4350:
4348:
4345:
4343:
4339:
4336:
4334:
4330:
4327:
4325:
4322:
4320:
4317:
4315:
4312:
4310:
4306:
4303:
4301:
4298:
4296:
4293:
4291:
4288:
4286:
4283:
4281:
4278:
4276:
4273:
4271:
4268:
4266:
4263:
4261:
4258:
4256:
4253:
4251:
4248:
4246:
4243:
4241:
4238:
4236:
4233:
4231:
4228:
4226:
4223:
4221:
4218:
4216:
4213:
4211:
4208:
4206:
4203:
4201:
4197:
4194:
4192:
4189:
4187:
4184:
4182:
4179:
4177:
4174:
4172:
4169:
4167:
4164:
4162:
4159:
4157:
4154:
4152:
4149:
4147:
4144:
4142:
4139:
4137:
4134:
4132:
4129:
4128:
4126:
4124:
4118:
4112:
4109:
4107:
4104:
4102:
4099:
4097:
4094:
4092:
4089:
4087:
4084:
4082:
4079:
4077:
4074:
4072:
4069:
4067:
4064:
4062:
4059:
4057:
4054:
4052:
4049:
4047:
4044:
4042:
4039:
4037:
4034:
4032:
4029:
4027:
4024:
4023:
4021:
4019:
4013:
4007:
4004:
4002:
3999:
3997:
3994:
3992:
3989:
3987:
3984:
3982:
3979:
3977:
3974:
3972:
3969:
3966:
3962:
3958:
3954:
3949:
3944:
3942:
3939:
3937:
3934:
3932:
3929:
3928:
3926:
3922:
3916:
3910:
3907:
3905:
3902:
3900:
3897:
3895:
3892:
3890:
3887:
3885:
3882:
3880:
3877:
3875:
3872:
3870:
3867:
3865:
3862:
3861:
3859:
3855:
3849:
3845:
3838:
3834:
3820:
3817:
3815:
3812:
3810:
3807:
3805:
3802:
3800:
3797:
3795:
3792:
3790:
3787:
3785:
3782:
3780:
3777:
3775:
3772:
3770:
3767:
3765:
3762:
3760:
3757:
3755:
3752:
3750:
3747:
3745:
3742:
3740:
3737:
3735:
3732:
3730:
3727:
3726:
3724:
3720:
3714:
3711:
3710:
3708:
3706:Organisations
3704:
3700:
3693:
3689:
3685:
3676:
3671:
3669:
3664:
3662:
3657:
3656:
3653:
3635:
3630:
3627:
3624:("Simonites")
3622:
3619:
3614:
3611:
3607:
3602:
3599:
3598:
3595:
3588:
3584:
3572:
3569:
3568:
3567:
3564:
3562:
3559:
3557:
3554:
3552:
3549:
3547:
3544:
3542:
3541:
3537:
3535:
3532:
3530:
3529:
3525:
3523:
3520:
3518:
3517:
3513:
3511:
3508:
3504:
3503:in Opposition
3501:
3498:
3497:
3495:
3491:
3490:in Opposition
3488:
3485:
3483:
3482:in Government
3480:
3477:
3476:
3474:
3472:
3469:
3468:
3465:
3458:
3454:
3443:
3440:
3436:
3433:
3430:
3427:
3424:
3421:
3418:
3415:
3413:
3410:
3408:
3405:
3404:
3401:
3394:
3390:
3376:
3373:
3371:
3368:
3366:
3363:
3362:
3360:
3358:
3354:
3348:
3345:
3344:
3342:
3338:
3332:
3329:
3327:
3324:
3322:
3319:
3317:
3314:
3313:
3311:
3309:State parties
3307:
3301:
3298:
3296:
3293:
3291:
3288:
3286:
3283:
3282:
3280:
3276:
3270:
3267:
3265:
3262:
3260:
3257:
3256:
3254:
3250:
3246:
3239:
3235:
3219:
3215:
3211:
3207:
3203:
3199:
3198:
3196:
3192:
3184:
3180:
3176:
3172:
3171:
3169:
3165:
3157:
3153:
3149:
3145:
3141:
3137:
3133:
3129:
3125:
3121:
3117:
3113:
3109:
3105:
3104:
3102:
3098:
3094:
3087:
3083:
3073:
3070:
3068:
3067:1967 (Thorpe)
3065:
3064:
3061:
3054:
3050:
3034:
3030:
3026:
3022:
3018:
3014:
3010:
3006:
3002:
2998:
2994:
2990:
2986:
2982:
2978:
2974:
2970:
2966:
2962:
2958:
2954:
2950:
2946:
2942:
2938:
2934:
2930:
2926:
2922:
2918:
2914:
2910:
2906:
2902:
2898:
2894:
2890:
2886:
2882:
2878:
2874:
2870:
2866:
2862:
2858:
2854:
2850:
2849:Rees-Williams
2846:
2842:
2838:
2834:
2830:
2826:
2822:
2818:
2814:
2810:
2806:
2802:
2798:
2794:
2790:
2786:
2782:
2778:
2774:
2770:
2766:
2762:
2758:
2754:
2750:
2746:
2742:
2738:
2734:
2730:
2726:
2722:
2721:Bonham Carter
2718:
2714:
2710:
2706:
2702:
2698:
2694:
2690:
2686:
2682:
2678:
2674:
2670:
2666:
2662:
2658:
2654:
2650:
2646:
2642:
2638:
2634:
2630:
2626:
2625:Spence Watson
2622:
2618:
2614:
2610:
2606:
2602:
2598:
2594:
2590:
2586:
2582:
2581:
2579:
2577:
2573:
2565:
2561:
2557:
2553:
2549:
2545:
2541:
2537:
2533:
2529:
2525:
2521:
2517:
2513:
2509:
2505:
2501:
2497:
2496:
2494:
2490:
2482:
2478:
2474:
2470:
2466:
2462:
2458:
2454:
2450:
2446:
2442:
2438:
2434:
2430:
2426:
2422:
2418:
2414:
2410:
2406:
2402:
2398:
2397:
2395:
2391:
2379:
2375:
2371:
2367:
2363:
2359:
2355:
2351:
2347:
2343:
2339:
2335:
2331:
2327:
2323:
2319:
2312:
2308:
2304:
2300:
2299:
2297:
2293:
2285:
2281:
2277:
2273:
2269:
2265:
2261:
2257:
2253:
2249:
2245:
2241:
2237:
2233:
2229:
2225:
2221:
2217:
2216:
2214:
2210:
2202:
2198:
2194:
2190:
2186:
2182:
2178:
2174:
2170:
2166:
2162:
2158:
2154:
2150:
2146:
2142:
2141:
2139:
2135:
2132:
2130:
2126:
2122:
2115:
2111:
2107:
2106:Liberal Party
2100:
2095:
2093:
2088:
2086:
2081:
2080:
2077:
2071:
2068:
2066:
2063:
2061:
2058:
2057:
2047:
2043:
2040:
2036:
2032:
2029:
2025:
2022:
2018:
2015:
2011:
2008:
2004:
2000:
1996:
1991:
1987:
1982:
1979:
1975:
1971:
1967:
1963:
1959:
1954:
1951:
1947:
1945:
1941:
1938:
1934:
1930:
1927:
1923:
1921:
1917:
1913:
1909:
1907:
1903:
1900:
1896:
1892:
1890:
1886:
1883:
1879:
1875:
1872:
1868:
1864:
1860:
1856:
1851:
1848:
1844:
1841:
1837:
1834:
1830:
1828:
1824:
1821:
1817:
1813:
1810:
1806:
1802:
1797:
1794:
1790:
1787:
1783:
1780:
1776:
1773:
1769:
1766:Cawood, Ian.
1765:
1762:
1758:
1755:
1751:
1748:
1744:
1741:
1737:
1736:
1723:
1719:
1716:J. P. Parry,
1713:
1706:
1700:
1694:(1936) p 206.
1693:
1687:
1681:
1677:
1674:
1670:
1664:
1655:
1650:
1646:
1642:
1638:
1631:
1625:
1619:
1610:
1604:Associations.
1600:
1589:
1585:
1581:
1580:
1572:
1568:
1562:
1555:
1549:
1542:
1536:
1527:
1525:
1523:
1507:
1503:
1501:9781317883289
1497:
1493:
1492:
1484:
1469:
1465:
1463:9781848857537
1459:
1455:
1454:
1446:
1431:
1427:
1425:9781317796558
1421:
1417:
1416:
1408:
1402:(1936) p 207.
1401:
1395:
1388:
1382:
1380:
1378:
1376:
1374:
1372:
1370:
1368:
1358:
1350:
1344:
1337:
1333:
1326:
1322:
1312:
1309:
1307:
1304:
1302:
1299:
1296:
1293:
1291:
1288:
1286:
1285:Nonconformist
1283:
1281:
1278:
1277:
1271:
1269:
1265:
1261:
1257:
1253:
1249:
1248:H. H. Asquith
1245:
1241:
1236:
1232:
1225:
1224:
1220:
1219:
1215:
1214:
1213:
1211:
1210:
1205:
1195:
1192:
1191:W. C. Lubenow
1188:
1173:
1166:
1163:
1160:
1157:
1155:
1152:
1150:
1147:
1146:
1142:
1135:
1132:
1129:
1126:
1124:
1121:
1119:
1116:
1115:
1111:
1104:
1101:
1098:
1095:
1093:
1090:
1088:
1085:
1084:
1080:
1073:
1070:
1067:
1064:
1062:
1059:
1057:
1054:
1053:
1049:
1042:
1039:
1036:
1033:
1031:
1028:
1026:
1023:
1022:
1018:
1011:
1008:
1005:
1002:
1000:
997:
995:
992:
991:
987:
980:
977:
974:
971:
969:
966:
964:
961:
960:
956:
953:
950:
947:
944:
941:
938:
937:
924:
921:
919:
916:
914:
911:
909:
906:
903:
900:
898:
895:
893:
890:
887:
886:Lambeth North
883:
880:
877:
873:
870:
868:
865:
863:
860:
857:
853:
850:
848:
844:
841:
839:
836:
833:
829:
825:
822:
818:
815:
812:
808:
805:
803:
800:
798:
795:
792:
791:Hawick Burghs
788:
784:
781:
778:
774:
770:
767:
765:
762:
760:
757:
755:
751:
749:
746:
744:
741:
739:
736:
734:
731:
728:
724:
721:
719:
716:
714:
710:
709:
700:
697:
694:
691:
688:
685:
684:
675:
672:
669:
666:
665:
659:
657:
653:
649:
645:
639:
637:
633:
628:
625:
621:
610:
608:
603:
601:
596:
592:
588:
583:
581:
577:
573:
569:
564:
554:
552:
547:
545:
539:
537:
533:
527:
525:
519:
517:
512:
510:
505:
501:
497:
493:
489:
488:tariff reform
484:
476:
467:
465:
461:
456:
454:
449:
445:
440:
438:
434:
430:
424:
422:
411:
409:
405:
400:
398:
394:
390:
386:
385:1886 election
378:
374:
370:
366:
357:
355:
351:
346:
344:
340:
335:
332:
330:
326:
321:
319:
315:
310:
306:
302:
297:
295:
291:
287:
283:
279:
275:
271:
267:
263:
255:
250:
236:
234:
230:
226:
222:
218:
214:
213:Liberal Party
210:
198:
195:
193:
190:
188:
185:
184:
181:
178:
174:
171:
169:
165:
159:
156:
154:
151:
150:
148:
146:
142:
139:
135:
132:
128:
125:
122:
118:
115:
114:Liberal Party
112:
108:
97:
93:
82:
78:
72:
69:
67:
64:
62:
59:
57:
54:
53:
51:
47:
38:
33:
19:
5271:Bruges Group
4873:
4675:Professional
4628:October 2022
4561:Duncan Smith
4391: /
4382: /
4373: /
4364: /
4340: /
4331: /
4307: /
4235:Thorneycroft
4198: /
4081:Duncan Smith
4056:Douglas-Home
4041:W. Churchill
3986:R. Churchill
3963: /
3959: /
3947:
3889:Beaconsfield
3793:
3789:Fourth Party
3754:Carlton Club
3600:
3538:
3534:Lib–Lab pact
3526:
3514:
3502:
3489:
3481:
3072:1976 (Steel)
2472:
2456:
2440:
2424:
2322:Lloyd George
2034:
2027:
2020:
2013:
2006:
1994:
1985:
1977:
1961:
1957:
1949:
1932:
1925:
1920:online vol 2
1916:online vol 1
1911:
1894:
1877:
1870:
1854:
1832:
1815:
1808:
1803:. Macmillan.
1800:
1792:
1785:
1767:
1760:
1753:
1746:
1739:
1721:
1717:
1712:
1704:
1699:
1691:
1686:
1668:
1663:
1644:
1640:
1630:
1618:
1609:
1599:
1577:
1561:
1553:
1548:
1540:
1535:
1510:. Retrieved
1490:
1483:
1472:. Retrieved
1452:
1445:
1434:. Retrieved
1414:
1407:
1399:
1394:
1386:
1385:Ian Cawood,
1357:
1335:
1331:
1325:
1242:directed by
1237:
1233:
1229:
1207:
1201:
1184:
888:1895 – 1900.
789:in 1900 and
644:Labour Party
640:
629:
616:
604:
584:
560:
548:
540:
528:
520:
513:
509:crossbencher
485:
481:
460:Carlton Club
457:
441:
425:
417:
401:
382:
347:
339:Robert Ensor
336:
333:
322:
298:
274:Nationalists
259:
208:
206:
177:centre-right
130:Headquarters
5266:Bright Blue
5251:Think tanks
5212:List of MPs
5205:Politicians
5146:No Campaign
5136:Monday Club
5126:Fresh Start
4765:Subnational
3981:Hicks Beach
3950:(1848–1849)
3924:(1834–1922)
3857:(1828–1922)
3437:(1956–1987)
3431:(1981–1988)
3425:(1981-1988)
3417:Reform Club
3212:(1931-1932)
3090:Governments
2809:Comyns Carr
2641:Dyke Acland
2627:(1890–1902)
2585:Chamberlain
2262:(1896–1902)
2195:(1899–1908)
1567:Lord Lexden
1297:(1912–1965)
1260:Colin Firth
1204:Oscar Wilde
957:Government
945:Candidates
828:Henry James
797:A. V. Dicey
743:John Bright
725:(created a
350:John Bright
329:John Bright
314:his brother
294:Adullamites
5478:Categories
4928:2020 group
4749:Conference
4389:Stephenson
4352:McLoughlin
4225:Carrington
3899:Devonshire
3874:Malmesbury
3864:Wellington
3841:Leadership
3566:Whig Party
3340:Conference
3278:Frontbench
3269:Chief Whip
3017:Penhaligon
2753:Fothergill
2601:Fell Pease
2576:Presidents
2161:Hartington
2145:Palmerston
2118:Leadership
1647:: 012004.
1512:2017-10-25
1474:2017-10-25
1436:2017-10-25
1317:References
1280:Liberalism
1256:Judi Dench
954:Seats Won
951:Votes (%)
948:Votes (#)
779:1892–1895.
580:Birmingham
536:Unitarians
492:Free trade
337:Historian
5261:Bow Group
5222:2010–2015
5217:2005–2010
4710:Voluntary
4285:Parkinson
4280:Mawhinney
4240:Parkinson
4205:Blakenham
4051:Macmillan
3976:Northcote
3904:Lansdowne
3894:Salisbury
3540:Liberator
3522:Glee Club
3242:Structure
3220:(1940–45)
3185:(1916–22)
3177:(1915–16)
3158:(1908–15)
3150:(1905–08)
3142:(1894–95)
3134:(1892–94)
3118:(1880–85)
3110:(1868–74)
3035:(1987–88)
3027:(1986–87)
3019:(1985–86)
3011:(1984–85)
3003:(1983–84)
2995:(1982–83)
2993:Griffiths
2987:(1981–82)
2979:(1980–81)
2971:(1979-80)
2963:(1978–79)
2955:(1977–78)
2947:(1976–77)
2945:Goldstone
2939:(1975–76)
2937:Wingfield
2931:(1974–75)
2923:(1973–74)
2915:(1972–73)
2907:(1971–72)
2899:(1969–70)
2891:(1968–69)
2883:(1967–68)
2875:(1966–67)
2867:(1965–66)
2859:(1964–65)
2851:(1963–64)
2843:(1962–63)
2841:F Brunner
2835:(1961–62)
2833:Malindine
2827:(1960–61)
2819:(1959–60)
2817:Glanville
2811:(1958–59)
2803:(1957–58)
2795:(1956–57)
2787:(1955–56)
2779:(1954–55)
2771:(1953–54)
2763:(1952–53)
2755:(1950–52)
2747:(1949–50)
2745:McFadyean
2739:(1948–49)
2731:(1947–48)
2723:(1945–47)
2715:(1936–43)
2707:(1930–33)
2699:(1927–30)
2691:(1926–27)
2683:(1923–26)
2675:(1920–23)
2673:Robertson
2667:(1918–20)
2659:(1911–18)
2657:J Brunner
2651:(1908–11)
2643:(1906–07)
2635:(1902–06)
2619:(1886–90)
2611:(1883–90)
2603:(1881–82)
2595:(1880–81)
2587:(1877–80)
2566:(1984–88)
2558:(1967–84)
2550:(1955–67)
2542:(1944–55)
2534:(1936–44)
2526:(1931–36)
2518:(1924–31)
2516:Beauchamp
2510:(1923–24)
2502:(1908–23)
2483:(1985–88)
2475:(1979-85)
2467:(1976-79)
2459:(1964–76)
2451:(1962–64)
2443:(1951–62)
2435:(1949–51)
2427:(1945–49)
2419:(1940–45)
2411:(1931–35)
2403:(1929–31)
2380:(1976–88)
2364:(1967–76)
2356:(1956–67)
2348:(1945–56)
2340:(1935–45)
2332:(1931–35)
2324:(1926–31)
2316:(1918–20)
2314:(interim)
2305:(1916–26)
2286:(1908–23)
2278:(1905–08)
2270:(1902–05)
2260:Kimberley
2254:(1894–96)
2246:(1891–94)
2244:Kimberley
2238:(1868–91)
2236:Granville
2230:(1865–68)
2222:(1859–65)
2220:Granville
2203:(1908–16)
2187:(1896–98)
2179:(1894–96)
2171:(1880–94)
2169:Gladstone
2163:(1875–80)
2155:(1865–75)
2153:Gladstone
2147:(1859–65)
1579:The House
1343:cite book
939:Election
854:(created
830:(created
819:(created
809:(created
777:Lichfield
775:. MP for
718:Leo Amery
701:1903–1912
695:1891–1903
689:1886–1891
676:1891–1912
636:Unitarian
600:Bonar Law
568:Bonar Law
393:Gladstone
369:Gladstone
272:'s Irish
268:had left
244:Formation
215:. Led by
197:Elections
95:Dissolved
5141:92 Group
4933:Activate
4505:Thatcher
4444:Whitelaw
4439:Maudling
4427:See also
4362:Cleverly
4230:Whitelaw
4186:Hailsham
4171:Assheton
4146:Davidson
4066:Thatcher
3971:Disraeli
3957:Disraeli
3936:Bentinck
3884:Richmond
3551:Peelites
3528:The Land
3407:Brooks's
2897:S Robson
2889:Beaumont
2769:L Robson
2705:Brampton
2697:Hobhouse
2593:Collings
2409:Sinclair
2338:Sinclair
2252:Rosebery
2185:Harcourt
2177:Rosebery
2042:Archived
1940:Archived
1937:in JSTOR
1902:Archived
1899:in JSTOR
1885:Archived
1882:in JSTOR
1843:Archived
1823:Archived
1820:in JSTOR
1775:Archived
1676:Archived
1671:(2012)
1588:Archived
1506:Archived
1468:Archived
1430:Archived
1274:See also
1206:'s play
1169:49 / 670
1161:298,606
1149:Dec 1910
1138:43 / 670
1130:492,473
1118:Jan 1910
1112:Liberal
1107:27 / 670
1099:410,161
1076:67 / 670
1068:300,685
1045:71 / 670
1037:358,672
1014:48 / 670
1006:468,729
983:77 / 670
975:416,391
858:in 1886)
834:in 1895)
823:in 1886)
813:in 1900)
729:in 1901)
624:Peelites
620:Radicals
397:Harcourt
145:Ideology
5329:Current
4609:Johnson
4585:Cameron
4371:Milling
4347:Feldman
4342:Feldman
4333:Feldman
4324:Pickles
4319:Spelman
4309:Saatchi
4210:du Cann
4196:Macleod
4176:Woolton
4166:Dugdale
4161:Hacking
4141:Jackson
4136:Younger
4101:Johnson
4091:Cameron
4031:Baldwin
3996:Balfour
3965:Herries
3696:History
3001:Tordoff
2985:Bingham
2905:Terrell
2857:Fulford
2801:Micklem
2793:Behrens
2689:Spender
2681:Maclean
2633:Birrell
2524:Reading
2370:Grimond
2354:Grimond
2311:Maclean
2303:Asquith
2268:Spencer
2228:Russell
2201:Asquith
2129:Leaders
2037:(2012)
2023:(1995).
1724:(1988).
942:Leader
878:in 1906
793:in 1906
727:baronet
514:In the
379:(1886).
375:in the
239:History
138:England
100: (
85: (
80:Founded
49:Leaders
5366:Former
5291:Onward
5229:London
4573:Howard
4454:Ancram
4449:Lilley
4418:Fuller
4413:Holden
4403:Zahawi
4393:Elliot
4384:Elliot
4380:Dowden
4375:Elliot
4366:Elliot
4338:Shapps
4290:Ancram
4275:Hanley
4270:Fowler
4265:Patten
4255:Brooke
4250:Tebbit
4245:Gummer
4220:Thomas
4215:Barber
4191:Butler
4086:Howard
3961:Granby
3948:vacant
3941:Granby
3909:Curzon
3879:Cairns
3744:Tories
3722:Topics
3204:(1931)
3126:(1886)
3025:Wilson
3009:Watson
2825:Murray
2761:Walker
2713:Meston
2617:Foster
2609:Kitson
2540:Samuel
2473:vacant
2465:Pardoe
2457:vacant
2441:vacant
2425:vacant
2417:Harris
2401:Samuel
2372:(1976)
2362:Thorpe
2346:Davies
2330:Samuel
2039:online
1840:online
1673:online
1498:
1460:
1422:
1389:(2012)
1009:10.2%
978:14.0%
876:Dundee
648:Austen
613:Legacy
303:, and
173:Centre
134:London
4828:Other
4812:Local
4633:Sunak
4621:Truss
4549:Hague
4527:Major
4493:Heath
4408:Hands
4398:Berry
4357:Lewis
4329:Warsi
4314:Maude
4295:Davis
4260:Baker
4200:Poole
4181:Poole
4156:Baird
4111:Sunak
4106:Truss
4076:Hague
4071:Major
4061:Heath
3991:Smith
3869:Derby
3033:Slade
2977:Holme
2961:Steed
2953:Evans
2921:Lloyd
2913:Jones
2865:Seear
2777:White
2737:Dodds
2649:Angus
2564:Seear
2556:Byers
2532:Crewe
2500:Crewe
2481:Beith
2378:Steel
2284:Crewe
2276:Ripon
1591:(PDF)
1574:(PDF)
1164:5.7%
1133:7.4%
1102:7.3%
1071:8.5%
1040:9.3%
4867:List
4640:2024
4604:2019
4592:2016
4580:2005
4568:2003
4556:2001
4544:1997
4534:1995
4522:1990
4512:1989
4500:1975
4488:1965
4046:Eden
3931:Peel
3357:SAOs
2969:Rose
2929:Holt
2881:Wade
2729:Foot
2665:Lunn
2508:Grey
2449:Wade
1918:and
1496:ISBN
1458:ISBN
1420:ISBN
1349:link
1266:and
1127:101
1096:100
1087:1906
1065:101
1056:1900
1034:111
1025:1895
1003:137
994:1892
972:160
963:1886
826:Sir
752:Sir
711:Sir
650:and
622:and
464:1900
395:and
383:The
327:and
309:Whig
207:The
102:1912
98:1912
87:1886
83:1886
4645:TBA
4597:May
4305:Fox
4300:May
4096:May
4026:Law
4001:Law
2785:Rea
2548:Rea
2005:",
1966:doi
1859:doi
1649:doi
1645:158
1238:In
1202:In
1158:75
356:."
254:NPG
175:to
5480::
1962:88
1960:.
1643:.
1639:.
1582:.
1576:.
1521:^
1504:.
1466:.
1428:.
1366:^
1345:}}
1341:{{
1262:,
1258:,
538:.
511:.
399:.
320:.
256:).
136:,
5430:)
5426:(
5389:)
5385:(
5352:)
5348:(
3674:e
3667:t
3660:v
3636:)
3632:(
3608:)
3604:(
2098:e
2091:t
2084:v
1972:.
1968::
1865:.
1861::
1657:.
1651::
1515:.
1477:.
1439:.
1351:)
104:)
89:)
34:.
20:)
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