222:, and Li Sizhen (李嗣真) of treason. As these officials were set for execution, Wu Zetian had Li Jiao, along with two other officials, Zhang Deyu (張德裕) and Liu Xian (劉憲), review the cases. Zhang and Liu knew that the accusations were false, but feared Lai, and therefore initially failed to object to the judgments. Li Jiao advocated that they did, and so the three filed written objections. As a result, they offended Wu Zetian, and she demoted him to be the military advisor to the prefect of Run Prefecture (潤州, roughly modern
366:(內史), the head of the legislative bureau and also a post considered one for a chancellor. Also in 704, when Wu Zetian instituted a tax on the Buddhist monks and nuns of the realm to build a large Buddha statute, Li Jiao and Zhang Tinggui (張廷珪) opposed the project, and Wu Zetian eventually stopped it. Li Jiao then requested to be relieved of
259:) on an acting basis, and he began establishing a list of reserve officials who would draw salaries from the imperial treasury. Also around that time, Wu Zetian had established an imperial censorate to review local government affairs (右御史臺), which would send out censors to examine the local government affairs, leaving the capital
183:) Prefectures, and Emperor Gaozong launched an army to suppress it, with Li Jiao serving as the army's auditor. When the army reached Yong and Yan Prefectures, however, Li Jiao went to the rebel camps and persuaded the leaders to surrender, allowing the army to withdraw without a fight. He was later made imperial attendant (給事中,
465:
In 708, when
Emperor Zhongzong established an imperial literary institute Xiuwen Pavilion (修文館), Li Jiao was made a scholar at the institute, and Emperor Zhongzong often summoned the scholars for literary contests to be judged by Consort Shangguan. Also in 708, he was made minister of defense (兵部尚書,
449:
was repeatedly insulting him and trying to become crown princess to displace him, started a rebellion and killed Wu Sansi and Wu Sansi's son Wu
Chongxun (武崇訓, also Li Guo'er's husband). He subsequently marched on the palace, hoping to arrest Li Guo'er, Empress Wei, and Emperor Zhongzong's concubine
531:
pointed out that Li Jiao's suggestion was a faithful one, as far as
Empress Dowager Wei was concerned. Emperor Ruizong agreed, and while he issued an edict rebuking Li Jiao, he did not kill Li Jiao, although he made Li Jiao's son Li Changzhi (李暢之) the prefect of Qian Prefecture (虔州, roughly modern
263:
in the third month of the lunar year and returning in the 11th month to report on findings. Li Jiao, believing that the time was insufficient, suggested dividing the empire into 20 circuits so that the censors had smaller areas to review. Wu Zetian initially agreed, but after opposition by other
429:
and then depose
Empress Wei, Zhang, while being interrogated, openly accused Empress Wei and Wu Sansi of adultery. Li Jiao, Wei Juyuan, and Yang Zaisi were assigned to the investigation, in addition the censors Li Chengjia (李承嘉) and Yao Shaozhi (姚紹之). Wei and Yang acted as if they did not hear
486:
In 710, Emperor
Zhongzong died suddenly—a death that traditional historians believed to be a poisoning carried out by Empress Wei and Li Guo'er, so that Empress Wei could become emperor like Wu Zetian and Li Guo'er could become crown princess. For the time, however, Emperor Zhongzong's son
430:
Zhang's accusation, while Li Jiao and Yao simply tried to have Zhang taken to prison for execution without acting on his accusation. Eventually, Wang and his associates were executed. Later that year, Li Jiao was again made the head of the legislative bureau, now with the title
361:
suggested that the officials at the central government be assigned to the prefectures and counties to serve as officials, offering to go first themselves. Wu Zetian had 20 officials randomly drawn, and neither Li Jiao nor Tang was sent out. Later in 704, Li Jiao was made acting
507:. Li Jiao made a secret proposal to her to have Li Dan's sons sent out of the capital to be prefectural officials—a proposal that Empress Dowager Wei either did not accept or had no chance to implement. Less than a month later, a coup led by Princess Taiping and Li Dan's son
527:). He soon retired. In 713, Emperor Ruizong found out that Li Jiao had submitted the secret suggestion to Empress Dowager Wei to exile Emperor Ruizong's sons. Some of the officials that Emperor Ruizong told this to suggested that Li Jiao be executed, but the chancellor
454:. Li Jiao was one of the officials who commanded imperial guards in countering Li Chongjun's attack, and Li Chongjun was eventually defeated and killed. Thereafter, Wei Yuanzhong, by this point a senior chancellor, was accused of association with Li Chongjun by
414:). It was said that when he was minister of civil service affairs, he, hoping to become chancellor again, expanded the roll of reserve officials and made many relatives and friends of powerful individuals reserve officials, in order to placate them.
394:, formerly emperor, was restored to the throne (as Emperor Zhongzong). Li Jiao was accused of having flattered Zhang Yizhi and Zhang Changzong and was demoted out of the capital, to serve as the prefect of Yu Prefecture (豫州, roughly modern
434:(中書令). By this point, however, he had realized that his expansion of the roll of reserve officials was causing a major drain on the imperial treasury, and he, admitting this, offered to resign, an offer that Emperor Zhongzong declined.
421:(同中書門下三品), making him again a chancellor. That year, when Emperor Zhongzong's son-in-law Wang Tongjiao (王同皎) was accused of a treasonous plot with Zhang Zhongzhi (張仲之), Zu Yanqing (祖延慶), and Zhou Jing (周璟), of plotting to kill
357:(納言), the head of the examination bureau and a post considered one for a chancellor. In 704, in response to the problem that imperial officials were not willing to be local officials, Li Jiao and fellow chancellor
246:
made a request for Zhou to return Tujue people who had previously submitted to Tang and also to grant a number of supplies that he needed, Li Jiao lodged an objection against the recommendation of the chancellors
125:), died early, and it was said that Li Jiao served his mother Lady Zhang with great filial piety. His literary talent began to be known when he was young, and his reputation matched that of
230:). (The officials, however, were still spared after Di was able to secretly deliver a petition proclaiming his innocence to Wu Zetian.) After some time, Li Jiao was recalled to serve as
540:) and had Li Jiao go with Li Changzhi to Qian Prefecture, effectively exiling him. At a later point, Li Jiao was made an advisor to the prefect of Lu Prefecture (廬州, roughly modern
519:
Li Jiao initially remained chancellor after
Emperor Ruizong's return to the throne, but about a month later was demoted to be the prefect of Huai Prefecture (懷州, roughly modern
255:
to comply, but Wu Zetian still granted Ashina Mochuo's requests. Later that year, he took over the selection of officials at the ministry of civil service affairs (春官部,
323:), had his chancellor designation removed, because Wu Zetian did not want uncle and nephew to serve as chancellors at the same time. Li Jiao was instead made
768:
778:
773:
511:
the Prince of Linzi killed
Empress Wei and Li Guo'er. Emperor Shang was deposed, and Li Dan was restored to the throne (as Emperor Ruizong).
311:– and had Zhang Yizhi and Zhang Changzong involved in the project as well. Later that year, after Wu Zetian named Li Jiao's uncle
813:
17:
101:
It is not known exactly when Li Jiao was born, but it is known that his family was from Zhao
Prefecture (趙州, roughly modern
763:
669:
622:
652:
600:
808:
803:
798:
700:
696:
692:
688:
684:
374:(同鳳閣鸞臺三品). Late in the year, he was removed of chancellor duties altogether, becoming minister of the treasury (地官尚書,
594:
implied that he died some time after, but not immediately after, Emperor
Ruizong's return to the throne in 710. See
199:
was reigning as "emperor" of her new Zhou dynasty, interrupting Tang dynasty. That year, her secret police official
386:
In 705, Wu Zetian was overthrown in a coup, in which Zhang Yizhi and Zhang
Changzong were killed. Wu Zetian's son
462:, and Li Jiao and Yang went along with Zong's and Ji's accusations; Wei was eventually exiled and died in exile.
238:), and he became largely responsible for drafting imperial edicts. While serving in that office, in 697, when
204:
134:
78:
48:
167:, Li Jiao became an imperial censor. At that time, there was a Lao (獠) rebellion in Yong (邕州, roughly modern
109:). He came from a prominent clan, and his great-granduncle Li Yuancao (李元操) was a well-known official during
491:
the Prince of Wei, also by a concubine, was made emperor (as Emperor Shang). Empress Wei retained power as
793:
426:
406:). Several months later, he was recalled to serve as deputy minister of civil service affairs (吏部侍郎,
291:
legitimacy in their entries into the palace, had Li Jiao head a project to create a work known as the
387:
82:
117:. His father Li Zhen'e (李鎮惡), who had served as the magistrate of Xiangcheng County (襄城, in modern
528:
508:
402:), but before he departed for Yu Prefecture was made the prefect of Tong Prefecture (通州, in modern
338:, when Wu Zetian summoned Wei to Chang'an and had Li Jiao take over the responsibility at Luoyang.
500:
312:
164:
86:
499:, and she, while consolidating her power, were apprehensive about Emperor Zhongzong's brother
334:, who was serving as official in charge of Luoyang while Wu Zetian was at the western capital
488:
90:
788:
783:
720:
141:
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the Prince of Dejing (Wu Zetian's nephew), the lover of Emperor Zhongzong's powerful wife
8:
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410:), and was soon promoted to be the minister of civil service affairs (吏部尚書,
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391:
358:
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234:(鳳閣舍人), a mid-level official at the legislative bureau of government (鳳閣,
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By 703, when Wu Zetian changed the name of the executive bureau from
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at age 19 and was made the sheriff of Anding County (安定, in modern
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indicated that he died at age 69, and both his biography in the
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as a chancellor, Li Jiao, who was by this point serving also as
129:, who was also from Zhao Prefecture. He already understood the
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308:
176:
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and Liu Guangye (劉光業), became known for their literary talent.
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the Prince of Xiang, himself a former emperor, and his sister
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By 702, Li Jiao was serving as deputy to the chancellor
319:(鸞臺侍郎), the deputy head of the examination bureau (鸞臺,
445:, was angry that Empress Wei's daughter Li Guo'er the
327:(成均祭酒), the principal of the imperial university.
283:. In 700, Wu Zetian, in order to give her lovers
370:duties, and was given the chancellor designation
264:officials, did not carry out Li Jiao's proposal.
152:). He was soon promoted to serve in the capital
755:
719:that include collected poems of Li Jiao at the
481:
574:
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769:Chancellors under Emperor Zhongzong of Tang
558:Collection of Precious Glories (Zhuying ji)
190:
417:In 706, Li Jiao was given the designation
299:) – a compilation of various poetry about
293:Essence of Pearls from the Three Religions
779:Chancellors under Emperor Ruizong of Tang
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437:In 707, Emperor Zhongzong's crown prince
81:during the reigns of Wu Zetian, her sons
774:Chancellors under Emperor Shang of Tang
563:
382:During Emperor Zhongzong's second reign
14:
756:
156:, and he, along with older colleagues
515:During Emperor Ruizong's second reign
279:(同鳳閣鸞臺平章事), making him a chancellor
275:, when he was given the designation
470:) and remained chancellor with the
24:
267:As of 698, Li Jiao was serving as
25:
825:
707:
133:at age 14 and was praised by the
353:(中臺左丞), when he was made acting
277:Tong Fengge Luantai Pingzhangshi
271:(秘書少監), the deputy head of the
195:By 692, Emperor Gaozong's wife
814:Three Hundred Tang Poems poets
175:) and Yan (巖州, roughly modern
52:
13:
1:
349:(中臺), Li Jiao was serving as
163:Sometime during the reign of
96:
66:(趙公), was an official of the
548:), where he died at age 69.
482:During Emperor Shang's reign
77:'s Zhou dynasty, serving as
7:
764:Chancellors under Wu Zetian
578:Li Jiao's biography in the
551:
472:Tong Zhongshu Menxia Sanpin
419:Tong Zhongshu Menxia Sanpin
10:
830:
372:Tong Fengge Luantai Sanpin
26:
809:8th-century Chinese poets
804:7th-century Chinese poets
799:Chinese spiritual writers
452:Consort Shangguan Wan'er
203:had falsely accused the
191:During Wu Zetian's reign
18:Li Jiao (Tang Dynasty)
721:Chinese Text Project
564:Notes and references
142:imperial examination
89:, and her grandson
62:(巨山), formally the
794:Tang dynasty poets
672:2008-02-26 at the
655:2008-02-10 at the
351:Zhongtai Zuo Cheng
140:. He passed the
83:Emperor Zhongzong
16:(Redirected from
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663:New Book of Tang
646:Old Book of Tang
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601:"舊唐書 列傳 卷四一至五十"
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468:Bingbu Shangshu
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71:Tang dynasty
64:Duke of Zhao
63:
59:
44:
43:
36:
29:Chinese name
789:710s deaths
784:640s births
666:, vol. 123.
620:, vol. 123.
489:Li Chongmao
439:Li Chongjun
427:Empress Wei
378:) instead.
285:Zhang Yizhi
257:Chunguan Bu
216:Pei Xingben
205:chancellors
201:Lai Junchen
158:Luo Binwang
115:Sui dynasty
33:family name
758:Categories
649:, vol. 94.
633:2008-03-14
611:2008-03-14
598:, vol. 94
529:Zhang Shuo
456:Zong Chuke
332:Wei Juyuan
253:Yang Zaisi
185:Jishizhong
135:chancellor
97:Background
79:chancellor
509:Li Longji
443:concubine
396:Zhumadian
345:(文昌臺) to
224:Zhenjiang
212:Di Renjie
208:Ren Zhigu
197:Wu Zetian
127:Su Weidao
75:Wu Zetian
683:, vols.
670:Archived
653:Archived
590:and the
552:See also
460:Ji Chuna
423:Wu Sansi
347:Zhongtai
336:Chang'an
313:Zhang Xi
305:Buddhism
281:de facto
242:'s khan
154:Chang'an
27:In this
747:Book 61
742:Book 60
737:Book 59
732:Book 58
727:Book 57
538:Jiangxi
534:Ganzhou
521:Jiaozuo
404:Beijing
388:Li Xian
321:Luantai
295:(三教珠英,
261:Luoyang
249:Yao Shu
228:Jiangsu
181:Guangxi
173:Guangxi
169:Nanning
119:Xuchang
68:Chinese
49:Chinese
45:Li Jiao
501:Li Dan
497:regent
478:(特進).
368:Neishi
364:Neishi
309:Taoism
307:, and
236:Fengge
214:, and
177:Laibin
146:Dingxi
60:Jushan
51::
31:, the
546:Anhui
542:Hefei
525:Henan
476:Tejin
400:Henan
355:Nayan
150:Gansu
123:Henan
107:Hebei
616:and
495:and
458:and
390:the
287:and
251:and
85:and
73:and
701:210
697:209
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685:206
187:).
55:),
35:is
760::
723::
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571:^
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105:,
93:.
53:李嶠
38:Li
703:.
636:.
614:.
47:(
41:.
20:)
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