271:
309:
scattering and pillaging the surrounding areas before fleeing back to their own circuits, with the exception of Li
Guangbi and Wang, who were able to gather their forces and withdraw. In fall 759, with Yu blaming Guo for the collapse, Emperor Suzong transferred the command of the Shuofang troops that Guo commanded to Li Guangbi. With Guo's command style being far more relaxed than Li Guangbi's strict style, the Shuofang army was initially displeased, and the general Zhang Yongji (張用濟) considered forcibly ejecting Li Guangbi and demanding Guo's restoration; when Li Guangbi found out, he arrested and executed Zhang. Li Guangbi was also made the deputy supreme commander of the armed forces and in effect in command of the entire Tang army command structure, as the supreme commander was Emperor Suzong's son Li Xi (李係) the Prince of Zhao, whose title was honorary.
408:, he was refusing to visit Chang'an to pay homage to Emperor Daizong. His fears grew after another general, Lai Tian (來瑱), was ordered to commit suicide due to Cheng's accusations. Even when Tibetan forces attacked Chang'an in fall 763, causing Emperor Daizong to briefly abandon Chang'an, Li Guangbi refused to come to the aid of the emperor. In order to try to please Li Guangbi, Emperor Daizong had Li Guangbi's stepmother, to whom he was very devoted, brought to Chang'an and treated with great respect, while giving Li Guangbi's brother Li Guangjin (李光進) partial command of the imperial guards and creating Li Guangjin the Duke of Liang, but these actions did not affect Li Guangbi. When Emperor Daizong put him in charge of Luoyang in summer 764, he declined to go to Luoyang, but continued to stay in Xu Prefecture.
332:, now in command of the Shuofang forces, were advocating that a campaign be launched to recapture Luoyang, and despite Li Guangbi's opposition, Emperor Suzong ordered Li Guangbi to attack Luoyang. Li Guangbi, despite his reluctance, thus advanced toward Chang'an with Pugu, Yu, and Wei Boyu (衛伯玉). He and Pugu, however, disagreed in regards to camp formation, with him wanting to put the camp in the hills and Pugu wanting to do so in the plains. Yan forces thus took advantage and launched a major attack on them, thoroughly routing Tang forces. All of the Tang generals, including Li Guangbi, Pugu, Yu, and Wei all fled. Li Baoyu (李抱玉), whom Li Guangbi had left at Heyang, also abandoned Heyang, and Heyang fell into Yan hands. (Soon after the Yan victory, however, Shi was assassinated and succeeded by his own son
20:
442:. He was no ordinary military man. Yet, fearing accusations, he could not stay faithful, and because of this fear became subject to great suspicions. He sought to be secure, yet put himself in danger. This is like the saying, "One knows how to make strategies for others but not for himself." When he fought earnestly for the empire, the entire realm was impressed with him. When he began to disobey orders, those like Tian Shengong disobeyed him as well, causing him to die in embarrassment. How can this not be a negative example for those with accomplishments? Alas, while LI Guangbi died in humiliation due to his failure to give up authority, but it was true that false accusations lead to great apprehension. It was an unfortunate time.
286:, but most of his generals submitted to Tang, leaving him only with control of the region around Yecheng. Shi, in control of Fanyang and surrounding regions, also submitted to Tang, and was made a Tang general. However, Li believed that Shi would eventually rebel again anyway, and persuaded Emperor Suzong to have Shi's associate Wu Cheng'en (烏承恩) assassinate him and take over the region himself. When Shi realized this, he killed Wu and submitted a petition demanding that Emperor Suzong kill Li. Emperor Suzong disavowed any knowledge on his part or Li's and tried to placate Shi, but Shi then rebelled again. In fall 758, Li went to Chang'an to visit Emperor Suzong and was given the additional title of
203:
527:, however, doubted that Emperor Suzong and Li actually were plotting to kill Shi, pointing out that there were a number of implausibilities in the alleged plot by Wu -- including an alleged order from Li that, after Wu succeeds, he should execute all of Shi's main generals. He thus believed that Shi made up the plot as an excuse to rebel and forged the order to get the other generals to go along with him. See
251:(the headquarters of Hedong) with 5,000 soldiers, leaving the rest of his soldiers at Lingwu in anticipation of a campaign to recapture Chang'an. When Li arrived at Taiyuan, he, who was angry that the official Cui Zhong (崔眾) had disrespected the prior military governor Wang Chengye (王承業) when relieving Wang, found an excuse to kill Cui, and this shocked the army, causing the entire army to be fearful of him.
396:, with Tang forces converging on Luoyang to try to recapture it from Shi Chaoyi, Li Guangbi headed toward Luoyang, with Pugu and Huige forces heading east as well, joined by the generals Guo Ying'ai (郭英乂) and Li Baoyu. The joint Tang and Huige forces defeated Shi Chaoyi, forcing him to abandon Luoyang and flee north. Shi Chaoyi committed suicide in flight in spring 763, ending the Anshi Rebellion.
259:, who ordered Shi to return to Fanyang and leave Cai Xide (蔡希德) to continue to siege Taiyuan, although Li was then able to defeat Cai, forcing Cai to lift the siege and retreat. After this victory, Emperor Suzong created him the Duke of Wei, and later changed the title to Duke of Zheng. Around the new year 758, after Emperor Suzong recaptured Chang'an from Yan forces, he gave Li the title of
377:, stopping Yan advances in the region. Moreover, several Tang generals who had been staying in the region and not reporting to their proper posts—Tian Shengong (田神功), Shang Heng (尚衡), and Yin Zhongqing (殷仲卿), fearing Li Guangbi, soon reported to their posts. Emperor Suzong created Li Guangbi the Prince of Linhuai. Li Guangbi himself took up position at Xu Prefecture (徐州, roughly modern
221:, fearing that Geshu's intentions were actually to start a coup and overthrow him, recommended that Emperor Xuanzong order Geshu to attack Cui. Emperor Xuanzong did so over Geshu's objections, and Geshu was defeated by Cui, who captured Geshu and then Tong Pass. He then approached Chang'an, forcing Emperor Xuanzong to abandon it and flee to
214:, defended by Geshu Han, and was pretending to be weak in order to draw an attack from Geshu. Geshu, Li, and Guo all recommended to Emperor Xuanzong that the forces under him continue to hold at Tong Pass and not attack Cui, while waiting for Li and Guo to capture Fanyang first to destroy Yan forces' morale. However, the
83:. He started his army service when young, and was said to be decisive, strict, and full of strategies. After his father died, he inherited the title of the Duke of Ji, and was praised for not entering his wife's room (i.e., abstaining from sexual relations) during the observation of the mourning period.
125:
commanded by the general Dong
Yanguang (董延光), and when Dong failed, Wang was removed from his post. In 749, he was made the deputy military governor of Hexi, serving under Geshu, and was created the title of Duke of Su Commandery in his own right. In 752, was made the deputy protectorate general at
312:
Soon thereafter, Shi, who had killed An Qingxu and declared himself the new emperor of Yan, advanced south. Li
Guangbi, judging that Luoyang was not defendable, ordered that Luoyang be evacuated, instead taking position in the Heyang (河陽) area, near Luoyang. Shi entered Luoyang, but subsequently
433:
Li
Guangbi was of barbarian ancestry, but was calm and capable in defense. When An Lushan rebelled, he took military command, and his strategies could not be rivaled. His rewards and punishments were fair and quick, and his soldiers fought hard under him. This are the characters like the great
254:
In spring 757, Shi, knowing that Li had left most of his troops at Lingwu and believing that
Taiyuan's defenses were weak, took 100,000 men to Taiyuan and put it under siege. Li, however, defended the city capably and repeatedly repelled assaults on the city's defenses. Around the same time, An
411:
Li
Guangbi had been well known for his military discipline, but after he repeatedly declined to follow imperial directives, his reputation fell, and many subordinate generals in the region began to disobey Li Guangbi as well, causing him to be embarrassed. He grew ill and died in fall 764. His
120:
became the two key generals under Wang, while he was in command of
Shuofang and Hexi. Wang often commented, "One day, Li Guangbi will have my command," and Li gained a reputation for being a good general. In 747, Li unsuccessfully tried to stop Wang from interfering with a campaign against the
313:
with Li
Guangbi defending Heyang, was unable to advance for some time toward Chang'an, as Li Guangbi repeatedly defeated his attacking forces, and was continuing to bog Li Guangbi's forces down in the Heyang region. In spring 760, Emperor Suzong gave Li Guangbi the honorary chancellor title of
308:
Faced with a siege that he could not fight out of, An Qingxu sought aid from Shi Siming, who led an army south from
Fanyang and engaged Tang forces in spring 759, and during the middle of the battle, both Tang forces and Shi's forces panicked and scattered—with most of Tang forces completely
298:, and Wang Sili (王思禮), rendezvoused at Yecheng to put An Qingxu under siege. Because both Li Guangbi and Guo had great contributions, Emperor Suzong did not make either of them the overall commander of the forces, but commissioned the
194:
counterattacked, Guo rendezvoused with him and together, they fought Shi off, and subsequently, they cut off the communications between
Luoyang (which An had captured and where he had declared himself emperor of a new state of
138:, then the military governor of Shuofang, requested him as deputy. An was impressed by him and wanted to give a daughter to him in marriage, but Li declined and feigned an illness in order to resign and return to the capital
434:
generals of ancient days. He did not visit his wife's bedchambers during mourning period for his father, and even when he became duke and prince he served his stepmother with great piety. He was also well-versed in
174:), and Guo recommended Li Guangbi. In spring 756, Emperor Xuanzong made Li the military governor of Hedong and had him and Guo advance from Shuofang east, intending to capture An Lushan's territory north of the
356:
again and made the deputy supreme commander, but only of the Henan region (i.e., area south of the Yellow River). Emperor Suzong also had him take over the commands of the expeditionary forces from the
482:
493:
As Li Guangbi never assumed the responsibilities of chancellor at the central imperial administration, he was not usually considered an actual chancellor by traditional historians. See, e.g.,
305:
to serve as the surveyor of the troops. During the siege, Li Guangbi suggested launching an all-out assault on Yecheng's defenses, but Yu opposed, and such an assault was not carried out.
239:
Meanwhile, Li and Guo heard only of the news that Tong Pass had fallen, but did not know what had happened afterwards, and they decided to withdraw back west of the
243:. Later, when Emperor Suzong sent emissaries to call them to Lingwu, they went to Lingwu. Emperor Suzong gave him the additional honorary chancellor title of
373:), with Shi Chaoyi seeking to expand toward the southeast. Once he arrived at his post, Li Guangbi was able to lift the siege that Yan forces were putting on
336:, and Yan forces were unable to take advantage of the victory over Tang forces.) Li Guangbi requested a demotion, and he was demoted to the honorary title of
693:
270:
385:) and made it his headquarters. He also sent an army to defeat the rebellion of Yuan Chao (袁晁), who had captured Tai Prefecture (臺州, roughly modern
199:) and Fanyang. An, fearing that his army's morale would be destroyed, considered leaving Luoyang and returning north to battle Li and Guo himself.
688:
290:(侍中) as honorary chancellor. Soon thereafter, he and several other key commanders, including Guo, Lu Jiong (魯炅), Li Huan (李奐), Xu Shuji (許叔冀),
698:
162:. Emperor Xuanzong recalled An Sishun, who was An Lushan's cousin, to Chang'an, and gave the military governorship of Shuofang to
708:
77:
Li Guangbi was said to be careful in his behavior when young. He was capable in horsemanship and archery, and also studied the
703:
678:
503:
116:, made him a commanding general for Hexi Circuit, as well as the commander of Chishui Base (赤水軍, in modern Wuwei). Li and
19:
673:
647:
643:
639:
635:
631:
627:
623:
619:
550:
607:
595:
569:
683:
215:
70:
eventually led to his creation as the Duke of Ji Commandery. Li Guangbi's mother was Lady Li, a daughter of
166:. He also asked Guo's recommendation on whom to entrust Hedong Circuit (河東, headquartered in modern
55:
404:
Meanwhile, though, because Li Guangbi feared false accusations from Yu Chao'en and another eunuch,
67:
393:
299:
229:
210:
Meanwhile, though, another Yan army, commanded by his general Cui Qianyou (崔乾祐), approached
179:
8:
668:
663:
469:
392:
In winter 762, by which time Emperor Suzong had died and had been succeeded by his son
322:
264:
386:
344:, and was made the military governor of Hezhong Circuit (河中, headquartered in modern
240:
602:
590:
495:
425:
345:
236:(the headquarters of Shuofang), where he was declared emperor (as Emperor Suzong).
500:
573:
507:
464:
329:
43:
614:
533:
405:
131:
122:
657:
362:
302:
218:
59:
39:
34:(臨淮武穆王), was a Chinese military general, monarch, and politician during the
520:
460:
416:
295:
226:
183:
175:
113:
109:
35:
566:
196:
158:), rebelled, and quickly proceeded south toward the Tang eastern capital
139:
79:
154:, the military governor of Fanyang Circuit (范陽, headquartered in modern
524:
420:
366:
358:
333:
191:
202:
283:
256:
211:
151:
135:
117:
374:
163:
104:
95:
91:
71:
529:
382:
370:
291:
248:
222:
167:
159:
155:
99:
435:
378:
349:
282:
forces had also captured Luoyang, forcing An Qingxu to flee to
233:
171:
127:
412:
casket was returned to Chang'an and buried with great honors.
279:
187:
42:
ancestry, and was instrumental in Tang's suppression of the
206:
Map of An Shi Rebellion with Li Guangbi's military movement
90:
era (742-756), Li Guangbi became the discipline officer at
54:
Li Guangbi was born in 708, during the second reign of
365:
region, taking up position at Linhuai (臨淮, in modern
108:) of Shuofang and Hexi (河西, headquartered in modern
340:(開府儀同三司) and the honorary chancellor of title of
255:Lushan was assassinated and succeeded by his son
58:. His father, Li Kailuo (李楷洛), was a general of
16:Chinese military general, monarch, and politician
655:
178:. Li quickly advanced and captured most of
66:era (713–741) of Emperor Zhongzong's nephew
294:, Ji Guangchen (季廣琛), Cui Guangyuan (崔光遠),
694:Tang dynasty jiedushi of Shuofang Circuit
145:
399:
269:
201:
62:ancestry, whose achievements during the
18:
689:Tang dynasty jiedushi of Hedong Circuit
656:
30:(李光弼; 708 – August 15, 764), formally
352:), but almost immediately again made
94:Circuit (朔方, headquartered in modern
102:). In 746, the military governor (
86:At the start of Emperor Xuanzong's
13:
14:
720:
247:(同中書門下平章事) and had him return to
245:Tong Zhongshu Menxia Pingzhangshi
699:Tang dynasty nonimperial princes
389:) and surrounding prefectures.
328:By spring 761, however, Yu and
709:People from Chaoyang, Liaoning
556:
540:
513:
487:
476:
453:
429:, commented about Li Guangbi:
1:
704:Khitan people in Tang dynasty
679:People of An Lushan Rebellion
583:
49:
7:
10:
725:
142:under Geshu's assistance.
674:8th-century Khitan people
446:
317:(中書令) and the title of
225:and Emperor Xuanzong's
444:
321:(太尉), also one of the
275:
207:
190:). When An's general
146:During Anshi Rebellion
126:Chanyu (單于, in modern
32:Prince Wumu of Linhuai
24:
684:Tang dynasty generals
431:
400:After Anshi Rebellion
273:
205:
22:
278:Meanwhile, Tang and
182:(常山, roughly modern
180:Changshan Commandery
38:. He was of ethnic
572:2007-12-26 at the
506:2008-09-22 at the
338:Kaifu Yitong Sansi
323:Three Excellencies
276:
265:Three Excellencies
208:
25:
387:Taizhou, Zhejiang
263:(司空), one of the
241:Taihang Mountains
56:Emperor Zhongzong
716:
603:New Book of Tang
591:Old Book of Tang
577:
563:New Book of Tang
560:
554:
544:
538:
517:
511:
496:New Book of Tang
491:
485:
480:
474:
457:
426:New Book of Tang
68:Emperor Xuanzong
724:
723:
719:
718:
717:
715:
714:
713:
654:
653:
586:
581:
580:
574:Wayback Machine
561:
557:
545:
541:
532:Edition of the
518:
514:
508:Wayback Machine
492:
488:
481:
477:
458:
454:
449:
402:
394:Emperor Daizong
150:In winter 755,
148:
52:
44:Anshi Rebellion
17:
12:
11:
5:
722:
712:
711:
706:
701:
696:
691:
686:
681:
676:
671:
666:
652:
651:
615:Zizhi Tongjian
611:
599:
585:
582:
579:
578:
555:
547:Zizhi Tongjian
539:
534:Zizhi Tongjian
512:
486:
475:
451:
450:
448:
445:
406:Cheng Yuanzhen
401:
398:
147:
144:
132:Inner Mongolia
123:Tibetan Empire
51:
48:
15:
9:
6:
4:
3:
2:
721:
710:
707:
705:
702:
700:
697:
695:
692:
690:
687:
685:
682:
680:
677:
675:
672:
670:
667:
665:
662:
661:
659:
649:
645:
641:
637:
633:
629:
625:
621:
617:
616:
612:
609:
605:
604:
600:
597:
593:
592:
588:
587:
575:
571:
568:
564:
559:
552:
548:
543:
536:
535:
531:
526:
522:
516:
509:
505:
502:
498:
497:
490:
484:
479:
472:
471:
466:
462:
456:
452:
443:
441:
437:
430:
428:
427:
422:
418:
413:
409:
407:
397:
395:
390:
388:
384:
380:
376:
372:
368:
364:
363:Yangtze River
360:
355:
351:
347:
343:
339:
335:
331:
326:
324:
320:
316:
315:Zhongshu Ling
310:
306:
304:
301:
297:
293:
289:
285:
281:
272:
268:
266:
262:
258:
252:
250:
246:
242:
237:
235:
231:
228:
224:
220:
219:Yang Guozhong
217:
213:
204:
200:
198:
193:
189:
185:
181:
177:
173:
169:
165:
161:
157:
153:
143:
141:
137:
133:
129:
124:
119:
115:
111:
107:
106:
101:
97:
93:
89:
84:
82:
81:
75:
73:
69:
65:
61:
57:
47:
45:
41:
37:
33:
29:
21:
613:
601:
589:
562:
558:
546:
542:
528:
521:Song dynasty
515:
494:
489:
478:
468:
461:Chinese name
455:
439:
432:
424:
417:Song dynasty
414:
410:
403:
391:
353:
341:
337:
330:Pugu Huai'en
327:
318:
314:
311:
307:
287:
277:
260:
253:
244:
238:
227:crown prince
209:
184:Shijiazhuang
176:Yellow River
149:
134:). In 755,
114:Wang Zhongsi
112:) Circuits,
110:Wuwei, Gansu
103:
87:
85:
78:
76:
63:
53:
36:Tang dynasty
31:
27:
26:
465:family name
440:Book of Han
232:to flee to
80:Book of Han
669:764 deaths
664:708 births
658:Categories
584:References
537:, vol. 53.
525:Hu Sanxing
523:historian
421:Ouyang Xiu
419:historian
359:Huai River
334:Shi Chaoyi
303:Yu Chao'en
274:Li Guangbi
216:chancellor
192:Shi Siming
50:Background
28:Li Guangbi
23:Li Guangbi
423:, in his
257:An Qingxu
212:Tong Pass
152:An Lushan
136:An Sishun
118:Geshu Han
618:, vols.
608:vol. 136
596:vol. 110
570:Archived
567:vol. 136
551:vol. 223
504:Archived
483:兩千年中西曆轉換
459:In this
375:Songzhou
346:Yuncheng
342:Shizhong
296:Dong Qin
288:Shizhong
164:Guo Ziyi
140:Chang'an
105:jiedushi
96:Yinchuan
92:Shuofang
72:Li Kaigu
530:Bo Yang
501:vol. 62
383:Jiangsu
371:Jiangsu
367:Huai'an
292:Li Siye
284:Yecheng
249:Taiyuan
230:Li Heng
223:Chengdu
168:Taiyuan
160:Luoyang
156:Beijing
100:Ningxia
88:Tianbao
64:Kaiyuan
463:, the
436:Ban Gu
379:Xuzhou
354:Taiwei
350:Shanxi
319:Taiwei
300:eunuch
261:Sikong
234:Lingwu
172:Shanxi
128:Hohhot
60:Khitan
40:Khitan
447:Notes
280:Huige
188:Hebei
519:The
415:The
361:and
648:223
644:222
640:221
636:220
632:219
628:218
624:217
620:215
467:is
438:'s
197:Yan
660::
646:,
642:,
638:,
634:,
630:,
626:,
622:,
606:,
594:,
565:,
549:,
499:,
473:.
470:Li
381:,
369:,
348:,
325:.
267:.
186:,
170:,
130:,
98:,
74:.
46:.
650:.
610:.
598:.
576:.
553:.
510:.
Text is available under the Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike License. Additional terms may apply.
