27:
244:
198:
100:
151:, he was replaced by Martrin-Donos in 1885 because Maes was not satisfied with Burdo's contribution. In the editor's opinion, Burdo's contribution did not achieve the propagandist goal of his project. Consequently, the editor took the matter to court in March 1885 and Burdo was sentenced to pay a fine and edit his work. Charles de Martrin-Donos was recruited to finish the project. The latter was born in 1857 in
123:. Producing this travel account was his project and he hired Adolphe Burdo and Charles de Martrin-Donos to write the volumes. He had two interests in publishing those travel books. Firstly, travel writing was a popular genre in the late nineteenth century and selling such books thus ensured economic profit. Secondly, Pierre Maes produced
213:
From
November 1884 to December 1885, Burdo's and Martrin-Donos' contributions were published in instalments. In 1886, they were issued as books for the first time. In 1890, the volumes were edited a second time as books and instalments. Only the first volume was dated 1890 and their covers differed
127:
with the propagandist aim of supporting LĂ©opold II's colonial project. Thus far, there has been no evidence enabling to link Maes to LĂ©opold II's or his agents' own propagandist efforts. It is therefore probable that Maes belongs to the group of individual colonial enthusiasts which saw an occasion
218:
in an attempt to popularize the volumes. The first editions were aimed at an educated or intellectual audience whereas the last one was aimed at a more popular audience. The text of each volume was complemented by 150 to 200 illustrations, maps and engravings.
437:
260:
214:
from the ones of 1884. In 1893, the three volumes were published once again, both as books and instalments, under a new title as well as under a new and sole author name, L. Hubert. This last version was given a more spectacular name
143:
Adolphe Burdo was born in Liège in 1849 and died in Paris in 1891. He was a
Belgian explorer and participated in the third exploration of the Congo. His writings contain other travel accounts such as
182:. The first event marks the moment at which LĂ©opold II, king of the Belgians, started financing expeditions to the Congo basin through international associations such as the
128:
for economic profit in the king's colonial project. Additionally, the editor also published other books on central Africa. In 1886, he published translations in Dutch of
300:
Stanard, M. G. (2011). Selling the Congo: A history of
European pro-empire propaganda and the making of Belgian imperialism. Lincoln, Neb.: Nebraska University Press.
88:, which was published several times as both books and instalments between 1884 and 1893. The first volume was written by Adolphe Burdo (1849-1891) and subtitled
335:"à populariser et à glorifier l’oeuvre de la civilisation africaine, ainsi que les Belges qui y ont participé". Fettweis & Van Balberghe, 2006, p.151.
554:
235:. Its authors, Emile Van Balberghe and Nadine Fettweis, demonstrated that Martrin-Donos’ volumes contain plagiarized excerpts from Charles Jeannest's
267:
Les Belges dans l’Afrique centrale. Voyages, aventures et découvertes d'après les documents et journaux d’explorateurs. De
Zanzibar au Lac Tanganika.
295:
Les Belges dans l'Afrique centrale. Voyages, aventures et découvertes d'après les documents et journaux d'explorateurs. Le Congo et ses affluents.
549:
305:
Représentation des Arabo-Swahilis à travers les écrits des agents de Léopold II au Congo: Quand l'imaginaire se confronte au réel, 1876-1892
539:
96:. The volumes were written to "popularize and glorify the civilizing African enterprise, and the Belgians who took part in it".
187:
450:
Les Belges dans l'Afrique centrale. Voyages, aventures et découvertes d'après les documents et journaux d'explorateurs.
20:
Les Belges dans l'Afrique
Centrale. Voyages, aventures et découvertes d'après les documents et journaux d'explorateurs
77:
Les Belges dans l'Afrique
Centrale. Voyages, aventures et découvertes d'après les documents et journaux d'explorateurs
183:
157:
Verlaine intime: rédigé d'après les documents recueillis sur le roi des poètes par son ami et éditeur, Léon Vanier
26:
81:
175:
243:
197:
99:
216:
La ConquĂŞte du Congo. Voyages Ă©mouvants & aventures dramatiques des explorateurs belges en
Afrique.
85:
190:. The second event was the occasion on which he was designated sovereign of the newly created
129:
92:. The second and third were written by Charles de Martrin-Donos (1857-1904) and subtitled
8:
544:
147:
and reports for the Royal
Geographical Society. Although he authored the first volume of
232:
179:
191:
120:
155:
and died in 1904. He was a French baron and authored about a dozen books such as
282:
d'Adolphe Burdo et
Charles de Martrin-Donos. Commerce, propagande et plagiat.
533:
80:
is a travel account composed of three volumes about the early years of
152:
67:
16:
Multi-volume book about the colonization of the Congo basin
531:
515:Fettweis & Van Balberghe, 2006, pp. 129-134.
326:Fettweis & Van Balberghe, 2006, pp. 129-130.
145:Bénoué et Niger, voyage dans l'Afrique centrale.
524:Fettweis & Van Balberghe, 2006, pp.155-172.
488:Fettweis & Van Balberghe, 2006, pp.132-133.
479:Fettweis & Van Balberghe, 2006, pp.131-132.
428:Fettweis & Van Balberghe, 2006, pp.151-153.
383:Fettweis & Van Balberghe, 2006, pp.129,148.
448:Burdo, A. & Martrin-Donos, de, C. (1886).
272:Fettweis, N. & Van Balberghe, E. (2006).
138:The Congo and the Founding of its Free State
419:Fettweis & Van Balberghe, 2006, pp.151.
174:roughly covers the period between the 1876
555:Books involved in plagiarism controversies
497:Fettweis & Van Balberghe, 2006, p.134.
410:Fettweis & Van Balberghe, 2006, p.149.
401:Fettweis & Van Balberghe, 2006, p.148.
392:Fettweis & Van Balberghe, 2006, p.141.
374:Fettweis & Van Balberghe, 2006, p.146.
365:Fettweis & Van Balberghe, 2006, p.151.
356:Fettweis & Van Balberghe, 2006, p.129.
344:Fettweis & Van Balberghe, 2006, p.145.
25:
506:Fettweis and Van Balberghe, 2006, p.136.
242:
196:
119:and his publishing house was located in
98:
532:
208:
188:International Association of the Congo
550:History books about the Belgian Congo
352:
350:
322:
320:
222:
82:the colonization of the Congo basin
13:
249:Les Belges dans l'Afrique centrale
229:Les Belges dans L'Afrique Centrale
203:Les Belges dans l'Afrique centrale
172:Les Belges dans l'Afrique Centrale
149:Les Belges dans l'Afrique Centrale
125:Les Belges dans l'Afrique Centrale
117:Les Belges dans l'Afrique Centrale
105:Les Belges dans l'Afrique Centrale
33:Les Belges dans l'Afrique Centrale
14:
566:
540:Books about Leopold II of Belgium
347:
317:
184:International African Association
227:In 2006, an academic article on
518:
509:
500:
491:
482:
473:
464:
455:
442:
431:
422:
413:
404:
395:
386:
377:
368:
359:
338:
329:
293:Martrin-Donos, de, C. (1886).
176:Brussels Geographic Conference
161:LĂ©gendes et contes de Provence
115:Pierre Maes was the editor of
1:
311:
254:
452:Bruxelles, Belgium: P. Maes.
297:Bruxelles, Belgium: P. Maes.
269:Bruxelles, Belgium: P. Maes.
90:De Zanzibar au Lac Tanganika
7:
10:
571:
166:
110:
438:Belgian National Archives
261:Belgian National Archives
103:Capturing elephants from
94:Le Congo et ses affluents
63:
55:
47:
39:
24:
134:How I Found Livingstone
251:
237:Quatre années au Congo
205:
107:
246:
231:was published in the
200:
102:
470:Stanard, 2011, p.27.
130:Henry Morton Stanley
209:Successive editions
21:
265:Burdo, A. (1886).
252:
233:Annales Aequotoria
206:
108:
19:
303:Zian, Y. (2011).
284:Annales Æquatoria
180:Berlin Conference
73:
72:
64:Publication place
562:
525:
522:
516:
513:
507:
504:
498:
495:
489:
486:
480:
477:
471:
468:
462:
461:Zian, 2011, p.1.
459:
453:
446:
440:
435:
429:
426:
420:
417:
411:
408:
402:
399:
393:
390:
384:
381:
375:
372:
366:
363:
357:
354:
345:
342:
336:
333:
327:
324:
223:About plagiarism
192:Congo Free State
29:
22:
18:
570:
569:
565:
564:
563:
561:
560:
559:
530:
529:
528:
523:
519:
514:
510:
505:
501:
496:
492:
487:
483:
478:
474:
469:
465:
460:
456:
447:
443:
436:
432:
427:
423:
418:
414:
409:
405:
400:
396:
391:
387:
382:
378:
373:
369:
364:
360:
355:
348:
343:
339:
334:
330:
325:
318:
314:
274:Les Belges dans
257:
247:Gathering from
240:
225:
211:
201:Palm tree from
169:
113:
35:
17:
12:
11:
5:
568:
558:
557:
552:
547:
542:
527:
526:
517:
508:
499:
490:
481:
472:
463:
454:
441:
430:
421:
412:
403:
394:
385:
376:
367:
358:
346:
337:
328:
315:
313:
310:
309:
308:
301:
298:
291:
270:
263:
256:
253:
224:
221:
210:
207:
168:
165:
112:
109:
71:
70:
65:
61:
60:
59:travel account
57:
53:
52:
49:
45:
44:
41:
37:
36:
31:Sorcerer from
30:
15:
9:
6:
4:
3:
2:
567:
556:
553:
551:
548:
546:
543:
541:
538:
537:
535:
521:
512:
503:
494:
485:
476:
467:
458:
451:
445:
439:
434:
425:
416:
407:
398:
389:
380:
371:
362:
353:
351:
341:
332:
323:
321:
316:
306:
302:
299:
296:
292:
289:
285:
281:
278:
275:
271:
268:
264:
262:
259:
258:
250:
245:
241:
238:
234:
230:
220:
217:
204:
199:
195:
193:
189:
185:
181:
178:and the 1885
177:
173:
164:
162:
158:
154:
150:
146:
141:
139:
135:
131:
126:
122:
118:
106:
101:
97:
95:
91:
87:
83:
79:
78:
69:
66:
62:
58:
54:
50:
46:
42:
38:
34:
28:
23:
520:
511:
502:
493:
484:
475:
466:
457:
449:
444:
433:
424:
415:
406:
397:
388:
379:
370:
361:
340:
331:
304:
294:
287:
283:
279:
276:
273:
266:
248:
236:
228:
226:
215:
212:
202:
171:
170:
160:
156:
148:
144:
142:
137:
133:
124:
116:
114:
104:
93:
89:
76:
75:
74:
32:
136:(1873) and
43:Pierre Maes
545:1886 books
534:Categories
312:References
290:, 127–172.
255:Literature
86:LĂ©opold II
277:l'Afrique
280:centrale
153:Narbonne
140:(1885).
121:Brussels
48:Language
167:Content
111:Context
68:Belgium
56:Subject
51:French
40:Author
307:. .
186:or
159:or
132:'s
84:by
536::
349:^
319:^
288:27
286:,
194:.
163:.
239:.
Text is available under the Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike License. Additional terms may apply.
