40:
2562:
562:
for a time, before he was bribed to raise the siege, and then began to raid the surrounding countryside. The
Abbasids attacked Lachanodrakon while he was raiding, but were decisively defeated by several Byzantine armies. The Byzantine generals who led troops during this battle were given a
498:, declaring him to be his successor. Shortly after this, Nikephoros and Christopher were discovered conspiring against Leo. Despite public opinion supporting the execution of the pair, Leo instead chose to pardon them, although he did exile several other plotters to
527:
468:'the Khazar'. Leo was elevated to co-emperor in 751, while still an infant. He became emperor on 14 September 775, after Constantine V died while campaigning against the
587:
Leo died of a violent fever, due to his tuberculosis, on 8 September 780. Constantine, still only nine years old, became the new emperor, with Irene as his regent.
3161:
3186:
539:
3181:
2433:
859:
162:
381:
982:
3141:
3053:
1507:
3171:
3058:
2301:
2169:
2334:
Italics indicates a junior co-emperor, underlining indicates an emperor variously regarded as either legitimate or a usurper
1514:
3191:
2137:
75:
2363:
841:
803:
611:
822:
767:
635:
2103:
2086:
1913:
1901:
2074:
1866:
1828:
1788:
1755:
374:
260:
2979:
2289:
2115:
1942:
1908:
1872:
1761:
625:
1930:
975:
2011:
1690:
1156:
3196:
2321:
2277:
2255:
2206:
2093:
1884:
1653:
995:
519:
30:
2561:
3146:
2228:
2196:
2021:
1201:
960:
367:
3176:
2238:
2191:
1738:
1385:
494:, hope of attaining the throne. These hopes were crushed when, in 776, Leo elevated Constantine to
344:
2046:
2026:
1800:
1680:
968:
3166:
2797:
2356:
2316:
2295:
2201:
991:
568:
469:
425:
3040:
2999:
2989:
2712:
2443:
2250:
2245:
2221:
2216:
2132:
1969:
1957:
1728:
1353:
935:
2923:
2883:
2651:
2646:
2496:
2398:
2233:
2181:
2041:
2016:
1981:
1896:
1810:
1660:
1491:
607:
491:
210:
571:(adherents of the Syriac Orthodox Church) were taken from Syria and forcibly resettled in
8:
3156:
3151:
2164:
2149:
2127:
2062:
2051:
2006:
1952:
1442:
1380:
1343:
487:
353:
3097:
3019:
2722:
2661:
2471:
2388:
2211:
2154:
2098:
2080:
2069:
2031:
2001:
1879:
1597:
1501:
1251:
1220:
1213:
815:
Faiths Across Time: 5,000 Years of
Religious History : 5,000 Years of Religious History
3009:
2531:
2516:
2486:
2428:
2393:
2349:
2176:
2122:
1963:
1861:
1685:
1547:
1283:
1268:
1146:
1114:
895:
837:
818:
799:
782:
763:
631:
575:. The next year, in 779, Leo successfully repelled an attack by the Abbasids against
543:
436:. Leo died on 8 September 780, of tuberculosis. He was succeeded by his underage son
409:
145:
58:
3120:
3107:
3063:
3014:
2958:
2626:
2606:
2526:
2506:
2481:
2383:
2306:
2283:
2186:
2159:
2144:
2110:
2036:
1996:
1986:
1711:
1638:
1608:
1471:
1426:
1421:
1293:
551:
193:
3073:
3045:
3024:
2807:
2762:
2636:
2541:
1947:
1937:
1846:
1633:
1541:
1529:
1523:
1375:
1196:
1166:
1109:
1089:
910:
572:
499:
421:
318:
308:
298:
138:
103:
424:
in 768. When
Constantine V died in September 775, while campaigning against the
3080:
2984:
2963:
2757:
2611:
2546:
2501:
2476:
2461:
2451:
2423:
1841:
1805:
1750:
1643:
1566:
1464:
1458:
1390:
1370:
1124:
1084:
951:
905:
535:
531:
515:
480:
437:
420:
in 750. He was elevated to co-emperor in the next year, in 751, and married to
398:
288:
279:
150:
98:
50:
44:
3135:
3092:
2888:
2868:
2858:
2601:
2551:
2413:
2311:
2271:
1815:
1623:
1431:
925:
888:
564:
555:
453:
413:
229:
220:
172:
88:
2948:
2717:
2576:
2056:
1851:
1783:
1778:
1768:
1591:
1453:
1094:
939:
786:
476:
3004:
2994:
2933:
2908:
2697:
2631:
2581:
2511:
1920:
1795:
1745:
1670:
1244:
1191:
1134:
39:
2707:
3068:
2913:
2878:
2828:
2812:
2782:
2491:
1976:
1891:
1856:
1821:
1733:
1648:
1408:
1401:
1348:
1328:
1273:
1238:
1231:
1176:
1141:
1004:
576:
559:
460:
who had been given the
Christian name Eirene. Because his mother was a
433:
248:
990:
2943:
2843:
2586:
2418:
2408:
1723:
1675:
1585:
1572:
1359:
1288:
1261:
1256:
1225:
1171:
1119:
1054:
1049:
3102:
2928:
2898:
2853:
2767:
2742:
2702:
2687:
2621:
2536:
2403:
1991:
1773:
1665:
1618:
1578:
1560:
1480:
1415:
1395:
1365:
1338:
1333:
1318:
1308:
1278:
1186:
1181:
1129:
1104:
1099:
1064:
1029:
1024:
1019:
1014:
547:
523:
2938:
2918:
2848:
2838:
2777:
2752:
2727:
2692:
2656:
2641:
2596:
2521:
2466:
2372:
1925:
1628:
1535:
1448:
1303:
1079:
511:
465:
461:
457:
429:
417:
182:
157:
3086:
2903:
2873:
2863:
2792:
2787:
2747:
2737:
2591:
1697:
1554:
1436:
1208:
1074:
404:
107:
2953:
2893:
2833:
2802:
2732:
2456:
1298:
1069:
1059:
1039:
630:. Centro Italiano di Studi sull'Alto Medioevo. p. 273.
2772:
2682:
2677:
2341:
1044:
1034:
432:
Syria, decisively defeating the
Abbasid army outside of
736:
688:
651:
649:
647:
666:
664:
724:
676:
644:
505:
700:
518:with a force made up of the armies of the multiple
428:, Leo IV became senior emperor. In 778 Leo raided
712:
661:
567:when they returned to Constantinople. A number of
3133:
479:, which, combined with the infancy of his son,
2357:
976:
375:
3187:Tuberculosis deaths in the Byzantine Empire
3162:Byzantine people of the Arab–Byzantine wars
412:from 775 to 780 AD. He was born to Emperor
2364:
2350:
983:
969:
382:
368:
831:
694:
623:
408:; 25 January 750 – 8 September 780) was
582:
483:, gave two of Leo's half-brothers, the
3134:
812:
793:
776:
742:
730:
706:
682:
655:
2345:
964:
510:Leo launched an invasion against the
475:Leo was by this point suffering from
3182:8th-century deaths from tuberculosis
796:Encyclopedia of the Byzantine Empire
757:
718:
670:
900:14 September 775 – 8 September 780
760:A History of the Later Roman Empire
13:
14:
3208:
506:Invasion of the Abbasid Caliphate
448:Leo IV was born on 25 January 750
16:Byzantine emperor from 775 to 780
2560:
440:, with Irene serving as regent.
38:
834:Byzantium and Bulgaria, 775-831
751:
3142:8th-century Byzantine emperors
762:. Cambridge University Press.
617:
601:
1:
627:Scritti Storici E Numismatici
590:
3172:770s in the Byzantine Empire
2371:
595:
456:and his first wife, Empress
7:
10:
3213:
3192:Sons of Byzantine emperors
2256:Constantine XI Palaiologos
2207:Andronikos III Palaiologos
2094:Nikephoros III Botaneiates
813:Melton, J. Gordon (2014).
779:The Later Byzantine Empire
443:
3116:
3033:
2972:
2821:
2670:
2569:
2558:
2442:
2379:
2332:
2264:
2229:Andronikos IV Palaiologos
2197:Andronikos II Palaiologos
2022:Constantine IX Monomachos
1710:
1607:
1490:
1317:
1155:
1003:
946:
933:
922:
917:
902:
893:
885:
880:
853:
832:Sophoulis, Panos (2011).
794:Lawler, Jennifer (2011).
624:Grierson, Philip (2001).
558:. Lachanodrakon besieged
534:, led by Artabasdos; the
178:
168:
156:
144:
134:
130:8 September 780 (aged 30)
126:
118:
114:
94:
84:
74:
64:
57:
37:
28:
23:
2192:Michael VIII Palaiologos
3050:Khazar ancestry claims
2047:Eudokia Makrembolitissa
1681:Tiberius II Constantine
777:Finlay, George (2017).
2798:Semikarakorsk Fortress
2202:Michael IX Palaiologos
49:of Leo IV and his son
3041:Khazar Correspondence
2296:Thessalonian emperors
2290:Trapezuntine emperors
2251:John VIII Palaiologos
2246:Manuel II Palaiologos
2217:John VI Kantakouzenos
2133:Andronikos I Komnenos
1970:Constantine Lekapenos
998:and empresses regnant
345:Twenty Years' Anarchy
31:Emperor of the Romans
2234:John VII Palaiologos
2182:Theodore II Laskaris
2042:Constantine X Doukas
1982:Nikephoros II Phokas
758:Bury, J. B. (2015).
608:Theophanes Confessor
583:Death and succession
464:, Leo was given the
2434:Dnieper trade route
2165:Theodore I Laskaris
2150:Alexios III Angelos
2128:Alexios II Komnenos
2052:Romanos IV Diogenes
2007:Romanos III Argyros
1953:Romanos I Lekapenos
354:Nikephorian dynasty
3098:Mandgelis Document
3081:Khazars in fiction
3020:Svetlana Pletnyova
2662:Yitzhak ha-Sangari
2284:Britannic emperors
2278:Palmyrene emperors
2212:John V Palaiologos
2155:Alexios IV Angelos
2104:Constantine Doukas
2099:Alexios I Komnenos
2087:Constantine Doukas
2070:Michael VII Doukas
2032:Michael VI Bringas
1598:Romulus Augustulus
1221:Trebonianus Gallus
1214:Herennius Etruscus
996:Byzantine emperors
918:Political offices
855:Leo IV the Khazar
401:: Λέων ὁ Χάζαρος,
68:14 September 775 –
3197:Byzantine consuls
3129:
3128:
3010:Alexander Harkavy
2980:Mikhail Artamonov
2429:Volga trade route
2339:
2338:
2177:John III Vatatzes
2123:Manuel I Komnenos
1862:Michael I Rangabe
1706:
1705:
1548:Petronius Maximus
1147:Severus Alexander
1115:Septimius Severus
959:
958:
947:Succeeded by
903:Succeeded by
896:Byzantine Emperor
781:. Merkaba Press.
745:, pp. 85–88.
544:Bucellarian Theme
522:, including: the
514:in 778, invading
410:Byzantine emperor
395:Leo IV the Khazar
392:
391:
359:
358:
188:
187:
59:Byzantine emperor
3204:
3147:Isaurian dynasty
3108:Schechter Letter
3064:Crimean Karaites
3015:Thomas S. Noonan
2564:
2399:Arab–Khazar wars
2366:
2359:
2352:
2343:
2342:
2187:John IV Laskaris
2160:Alexios V Doukas
2145:Isaac II Angelos
2111:John II Komnenos
2037:Isaac I Komnenos
1997:Constantine VIII
1987:John I Tzimiskes
1714:Byzantine Empire
1488:
1487:
985:
978:
971:
962:
961:
923:Preceded by
886:Preceded by
876:
869:
860:Isaurian dynasty
851:
850:
847:
828:
809:
790:
773:
746:
740:
734:
728:
722:
716:
710:
704:
698:
692:
686:
680:
674:
668:
659:
653:
642:
641:
621:
615:
605:
552:Thracesian Theme
470:Bulgarian Empire
451:
384:
377:
370:
337:
336:
196:
195:Isaurian dynasty
190:
189:
42:
21:
20:
3212:
3211:
3207:
3206:
3205:
3203:
3202:
3201:
3177:Irene of Athens
3132:
3131:
3130:
3125:
3112:
3074:Jewish Cossacks
3046:Khazar language
3029:
3025:Omeljan Pritsak
3000:Peter B. Golden
2968:
2817:
2666:
2565:
2556:
2438:
2375:
2370:
2340:
2335:
2328:
2272:Gallic emperors
2260:
1948:Constantine VII
1729:Constantine III
1716:
1713:
1702:
1611:
1603:
1542:Valentinian III
1530:Constantius III
1524:Priscus Attalus
1508:Constantine III
1494:
1486:
1376:Valerius Valens
1321:
1313:
1159:
1151:
1110:Didius Julianus
1090:Marcus Aurelius
1007:
999:
989:
955:
950:
943:
931:
929:
913:
909:
899:
891:
875:8 September 780
870:
864:
863:
856:
844:
825:
806:
770:
754:
749:
741:
737:
729:
725:
717:
713:
705:
701:
693:
689:
681:
677:
669:
662:
654:
645:
638:
622:
618:
606:
602:
598:
593:
585:
565:triumphal entry
508:
452:AD, to Emperor
449:
446:
422:Irene of Athens
388:
352:
343:
324:
314:
304:
294:
284:
275:
265:
256:
244:
235:
225:
216:
194:
104:Irene of Athens
102:
70:8 September 780
69:
53:
17:
12:
11:
5:
3210:
3200:
3199:
3194:
3189:
3184:
3179:
3174:
3169:
3164:
3159:
3154:
3149:
3144:
3127:
3126:
3124:
3123:
3117:
3114:
3113:
3111:
3110:
3105:
3100:
3095:
3090:
3083:
3078:
3077:
3076:
3071:
3066:
3061:
3056:
3048:
3043:
3037:
3035:
3031:
3030:
3028:
3027:
3022:
3017:
3012:
3007:
3002:
2997:
2992:
2987:
2985:Vasily Bartold
2982:
2976:
2974:
2970:
2969:
2967:
2966:
2964:Volga Bulgaria
2961:
2956:
2951:
2946:
2941:
2936:
2931:
2926:
2921:
2916:
2911:
2906:
2901:
2896:
2891:
2886:
2881:
2876:
2871:
2866:
2861:
2856:
2851:
2846:
2841:
2836:
2831:
2825:
2823:
2819:
2818:
2816:
2815:
2810:
2805:
2800:
2795:
2790:
2785:
2780:
2775:
2770:
2765:
2760:
2758:Saltovo-Mayaki
2755:
2750:
2745:
2740:
2735:
2730:
2725:
2720:
2715:
2710:
2705:
2700:
2695:
2690:
2685:
2680:
2674:
2672:
2668:
2667:
2665:
2664:
2659:
2654:
2649:
2644:
2639:
2634:
2629:
2624:
2619:
2614:
2612:John of Gothia
2609:
2604:
2599:
2594:
2589:
2584:
2579:
2573:
2571:
2567:
2566:
2559:
2557:
2555:
2554:
2549:
2544:
2539:
2534:
2529:
2524:
2519:
2514:
2509:
2504:
2499:
2494:
2489:
2484:
2479:
2474:
2469:
2464:
2459:
2454:
2448:
2446:
2440:
2439:
2437:
2436:
2431:
2426:
2421:
2416:
2411:
2406:
2401:
2396:
2391:
2386:
2380:
2377:
2376:
2369:
2368:
2361:
2354:
2346:
2337:
2336:
2333:
2330:
2329:
2327:
2326:
2325:
2324:
2319:
2309:
2304:
2299:
2293:
2287:
2281:
2275:
2268:
2266:
2262:
2261:
2259:
2258:
2253:
2248:
2243:
2231:
2226:
2214:
2209:
2204:
2199:
2194:
2189:
2184:
2179:
2174:
2162:
2157:
2152:
2147:
2142:
2130:
2125:
2120:
2108:
2096:
2091:
2067:
2049:
2044:
2039:
2034:
2029:
2027:Theodora (III)
2024:
2019:
2014:
2009:
2004:
1999:
1994:
1989:
1984:
1979:
1974:
1950:
1945:
1940:
1935:
1923:
1918:
1906:
1894:
1889:
1877:
1859:
1854:
1849:
1844:
1842:Constantine VI
1839:
1834:
1818:
1813:
1808:
1806:Theodosius III
1803:
1798:
1793:
1781:
1776:
1771:
1766:
1751:Constantine IV
1748:
1743:
1731:
1726:
1720:
1718:
1708:
1707:
1704:
1703:
1701:
1700:
1695:
1683:
1678:
1673:
1668:
1663:
1658:
1646:
1641:
1636:
1631:
1626:
1621:
1615:
1613:
1609:Eastern Empire
1605:
1604:
1602:
1601:
1594:
1589:
1582:
1575:
1570:
1563:
1558:
1551:
1544:
1539:
1532:
1527:
1520:
1504:
1498:
1496:
1492:Western Empire
1485:
1484:
1477:
1465:Magnus Maximus
1461:
1459:Valentinian II
1456:
1451:
1446:
1439:
1434:
1429:
1424:
1419:
1412:
1405:
1398:
1393:
1391:Constantius II
1388:
1386:Constantine II
1383:
1378:
1373:
1368:
1363:
1356:
1351:
1346:
1341:
1336:
1331:
1325:
1323:
1315:
1314:
1312:
1311:
1306:
1301:
1296:
1291:
1286:
1281:
1276:
1271:
1266:
1254:
1249:
1241:
1236:
1218:
1206:
1194:
1189:
1184:
1179:
1174:
1169:
1163:
1161:
1153:
1152:
1150:
1149:
1144:
1139:
1127:
1122:
1117:
1112:
1107:
1102:
1097:
1092:
1087:
1085:Antoninus Pius
1082:
1077:
1072:
1067:
1062:
1057:
1052:
1047:
1042:
1037:
1032:
1027:
1022:
1017:
1011:
1009:
1008:27 BC – AD 235
1001:
1000:
988:
987:
980:
973:
965:
957:
956:
952:Constantine VI
948:
945:
932:
924:
920:
919:
915:
914:
906:Constantine VI
904:
901:
892:
887:
883:
882:
881:Regnal titles
878:
877:
868:25 January 750
857:
854:
849:
848:
843:978-9004206953
842:
829:
823:
810:
805:978-0786466160
804:
791:
774:
768:
753:
750:
748:
747:
735:
733:, p. 569.
723:
721:, p. 479.
711:
699:
697:, p. 143.
695:Sophoulis 2011
687:
685:, p. 568.
675:
673:, p. 478.
660:
658:, p. 186.
643:
636:
616:
599:
597:
594:
592:
589:
584:
581:
536:Armeniac Theme
532:Anatolic Theme
524:Opsikion Theme
507:
504:
481:Constantine VI
445:
442:
438:Constantine VI
390:
389:
387:
386:
379:
372:
364:
361:
360:
357:
356:
347:
333:
332:
328:
327:
326:
325:
322:
315:
312:
305:
302:
295:
292:
289:Constantine VI
285:
282:
280:Constantine VI
276:
273:
266:
263:
257:
254:
245:
242:
236:
233:
226:
223:
217:
214:
204:
203:
199:
198:
186:
185:
180:
176:
175:
170:
166:
165:
160:
154:
153:
151:Constantine VI
148:
142:
141:
136:
132:
131:
128:
124:
123:
122:25 January 750
120:
116:
115:
112:
111:
99:Constantine VI
96:
92:
91:
86:
82:
81:
78:
72:
71:
66:
62:
61:
55:
54:
51:Constantine VI
43:
35:
34:
26:
25:
15:
9:
6:
4:
3:
2:
3209:
3198:
3195:
3193:
3190:
3188:
3185:
3183:
3180:
3178:
3175:
3173:
3170:
3168:
3167:Khazar people
3165:
3163:
3160:
3158:
3155:
3153:
3150:
3148:
3145:
3143:
3140:
3139:
3137:
3122:
3119:
3118:
3115:
3109:
3106:
3104:
3101:
3099:
3096:
3094:
3093:Kievan Letter
3091:
3089:
3088:
3084:
3082:
3079:
3075:
3072:
3070:
3067:
3065:
3062:
3060:
3057:
3055:
3052:
3051:
3049:
3047:
3044:
3042:
3039:
3038:
3036:
3032:
3026:
3023:
3021:
3018:
3016:
3013:
3011:
3008:
3006:
3003:
3001:
2998:
2996:
2993:
2991:
2988:
2986:
2983:
2981:
2978:
2977:
2975:
2971:
2965:
2962:
2960:
2957:
2955:
2952:
2950:
2947:
2945:
2942:
2940:
2937:
2935:
2932:
2930:
2927:
2925:
2922:
2920:
2917:
2915:
2912:
2910:
2907:
2905:
2902:
2900:
2897:
2895:
2892:
2890:
2887:
2885:
2882:
2880:
2877:
2875:
2872:
2870:
2869:Crimean Goths
2867:
2865:
2862:
2860:
2859:Black Klobuks
2857:
2855:
2852:
2850:
2847:
2845:
2842:
2840:
2837:
2835:
2832:
2830:
2827:
2826:
2824:
2820:
2814:
2811:
2809:
2806:
2804:
2801:
2799:
2796:
2794:
2791:
2789:
2786:
2784:
2781:
2779:
2776:
2774:
2771:
2769:
2766:
2764:
2761:
2759:
2756:
2754:
2751:
2749:
2746:
2744:
2741:
2739:
2736:
2734:
2731:
2729:
2726:
2724:
2721:
2719:
2716:
2714:
2711:
2709:
2706:
2704:
2701:
2699:
2696:
2694:
2691:
2689:
2686:
2684:
2681:
2679:
2676:
2675:
2673:
2669:
2663:
2660:
2658:
2655:
2653:
2650:
2648:
2645:
2643:
2640:
2638:
2635:
2633:
2630:
2628:
2625:
2623:
2620:
2618:
2615:
2613:
2610:
2608:
2605:
2603:
2602:Hazer Tarkhan
2600:
2598:
2595:
2593:
2590:
2588:
2585:
2583:
2580:
2578:
2575:
2574:
2572:
2570:Other figures
2568:
2563:
2553:
2550:
2548:
2545:
2543:
2540:
2538:
2535:
2533:
2530:
2528:
2525:
2523:
2520:
2518:
2515:
2513:
2510:
2508:
2505:
2503:
2500:
2498:
2495:
2493:
2490:
2488:
2485:
2483:
2480:
2478:
2475:
2473:
2470:
2468:
2465:
2463:
2460:
2458:
2455:
2453:
2450:
2449:
2447:
2445:
2444:Khazar rulers
2441:
2435:
2432:
2430:
2427:
2425:
2422:
2420:
2417:
2415:
2414:Pax Khazarica
2412:
2410:
2407:
2405:
2402:
2400:
2397:
2395:
2392:
2390:
2387:
2385:
2382:
2381:
2378:
2374:
2367:
2362:
2360:
2355:
2353:
2348:
2347:
2344:
2331:
2323:
2320:
2318:
2315:
2314:
2313:
2310:
2308:
2305:
2303:
2300:
2297:
2294:
2291:
2288:
2285:
2282:
2279:
2276:
2273:
2270:
2269:
2267:
2263:
2257:
2254:
2252:
2249:
2247:
2244:
2241:
2240:
2235:
2232:
2230:
2227:
2224:
2223:
2218:
2215:
2213:
2210:
2208:
2205:
2203:
2200:
2198:
2195:
2193:
2190:
2188:
2185:
2183:
2180:
2178:
2175:
2172:
2171:
2166:
2163:
2161:
2158:
2156:
2153:
2151:
2148:
2146:
2143:
2140:
2139:
2134:
2131:
2129:
2126:
2124:
2121:
2118:
2117:
2112:
2109:
2106:
2105:
2100:
2097:
2095:
2092:
2089:
2088:
2083:
2082:
2077:
2076:
2071:
2068:
2065:
2064:
2059:
2058:
2053:
2050:
2048:
2045:
2043:
2040:
2038:
2035:
2033:
2030:
2028:
2025:
2023:
2020:
2018:
2015:
2013:
2010:
2008:
2005:
2003:
2000:
1998:
1995:
1993:
1990:
1988:
1985:
1983:
1980:
1978:
1975:
1972:
1971:
1966:
1965:
1960:
1959:
1954:
1951:
1949:
1946:
1944:
1941:
1939:
1936:
1933:
1932:
1927:
1924:
1922:
1919:
1916:
1915:
1910:
1909:Theodora (II)
1907:
1904:
1903:
1898:
1895:
1893:
1890:
1887:
1886:
1881:
1878:
1875:
1874:
1869:
1868:
1863:
1860:
1858:
1855:
1853:
1850:
1848:
1845:
1843:
1840:
1838:
1835:
1832:
1831:
1830:
1824:
1823:
1819:
1817:
1816:Constantine V
1814:
1812:
1809:
1807:
1804:
1802:
1801:Anastasius II
1799:
1797:
1794:
1791:
1790:
1785:
1782:
1780:
1777:
1775:
1772:
1770:
1767:
1764:
1763:
1758:
1757:
1752:
1749:
1747:
1744:
1741:
1740:
1735:
1732:
1730:
1727:
1725:
1722:
1721:
1719:
1715:
1709:
1699:
1696:
1693:
1692:
1687:
1684:
1682:
1679:
1677:
1674:
1672:
1669:
1667:
1664:
1662:
1659:
1656:
1655:
1650:
1647:
1645:
1642:
1640:
1637:
1635:
1632:
1630:
1627:
1625:
1624:Theodosius II
1622:
1620:
1617:
1616:
1614:
1610:
1606:
1600:
1599:
1595:
1593:
1590:
1588:
1587:
1583:
1581:
1580:
1576:
1574:
1571:
1569:
1568:
1564:
1562:
1559:
1557:
1556:
1552:
1550:
1549:
1545:
1543:
1540:
1538:
1537:
1533:
1531:
1528:
1526:
1525:
1521:
1518:
1517:
1516:
1510:
1509:
1505:
1503:
1500:
1499:
1497:
1493:
1489:
1483:
1482:
1478:
1475:
1474:
1473:
1467:
1466:
1462:
1460:
1457:
1455:
1452:
1450:
1447:
1445:
1444:
1440:
1438:
1435:
1433:
1432:Valentinian I
1430:
1428:
1425:
1423:
1420:
1418:
1417:
1413:
1411:
1410:
1406:
1404:
1403:
1399:
1397:
1394:
1392:
1389:
1387:
1384:
1382:
1379:
1377:
1374:
1372:
1369:
1367:
1364:
1362:
1361:
1357:
1355:
1354:Constantine I
1352:
1350:
1347:
1345:
1344:Constantius I
1342:
1340:
1337:
1335:
1332:
1330:
1327:
1326:
1324:
1320:
1316:
1310:
1307:
1305:
1302:
1300:
1297:
1295:
1292:
1290:
1287:
1285:
1282:
1280:
1277:
1275:
1272:
1270:
1267:
1264:
1263:
1258:
1255:
1253:
1250:
1247:
1246:
1242:
1240:
1237:
1234:
1233:
1228:
1227:
1222:
1219:
1216:
1215:
1210:
1207:
1204:
1203:
1198:
1195:
1193:
1190:
1188:
1185:
1183:
1180:
1178:
1175:
1173:
1170:
1168:
1165:
1164:
1162:
1158:
1154:
1148:
1145:
1143:
1140:
1137:
1136:
1131:
1128:
1126:
1123:
1121:
1118:
1116:
1113:
1111:
1108:
1106:
1103:
1101:
1098:
1096:
1093:
1091:
1088:
1086:
1083:
1081:
1078:
1076:
1073:
1071:
1068:
1066:
1063:
1061:
1058:
1056:
1053:
1051:
1048:
1046:
1043:
1041:
1038:
1036:
1033:
1031:
1028:
1026:
1023:
1021:
1018:
1016:
1013:
1012:
1010:
1006:
1002:
997:
993:
986:
981:
979:
974:
972:
967:
966:
963:
953:
942:
941:
937:
927:
926:Constantine V
921:
916:
912:
911:Empress Irene
907:
898:
897:
890:
889:Constantine V
884:
879:
874:
867:
862:
861:
852:
845:
839:
835:
830:
826:
824:9781610690263
820:
816:
811:
807:
801:
798:. McFarland.
797:
792:
788:
784:
780:
775:
771:
769:9781108083188
765:
761:
756:
755:
744:
739:
732:
727:
720:
715:
709:, p. 85.
708:
703:
696:
691:
684:
679:
672:
667:
665:
657:
652:
650:
648:
639:
637:9788879882446
633:
629:
628:
620:
613:
609:
604:
600:
588:
580:
578:
574:
570:
566:
561:
557:
556:Lachanodrakon
553:
549:
545:
541:
540:Karisterotzes
537:
533:
529:
525:
521:
517:
513:
503:
501:
497:
493:
489:
486:
482:
478:
473:
471:
467:
463:
459:
455:
454:Constantine V
441:
439:
435:
431:
427:
423:
419:
415:
414:Constantine V
411:
407:
406:
400:
396:
385:
380:
378:
373:
371:
366:
365:
363:
362:
355:
351:
348:
346:
342:
339:
338:
335:
334:
330:
329:
323:797–802
321:
320:
316:
313:792–797
310:
306:
303:780–790
300:
296:
293:780–797
291:
290:
286:
283:776–780
281:
277:
274:775–780
272:
271:
267:
264:741–742
262:
258:
255:741–742
252:
250:
246:
243:751–775
241:
237:
234:741–775
232:
231:
230:Constantine V
227:
224:720–741
222:
221:Constantine V
218:
215:717–741
213:
212:
208:
207:
206:
205:
201:
200:
197:
192:
191:
184:
181:
177:
174:
173:Constantine V
171:
167:
164:
161:
159:
155:
152:
149:
147:
143:
140:
137:
133:
129:
125:
121:
117:
113:
109:
105:
100:
97:
93:
90:
89:Constantine V
87:
83:
79:
77:
73:
67:
63:
60:
56:
52:
48:
47:
41:
36:
33:
32:
27:
22:
19:
3085:
2713:Golden Hills
2616:
2577:Alp Iluetuer
2239:Andronikos V
2237:
2220:
2168:
2136:
2114:
2102:
2085:
2079:
2073:
2061:
2055:
1968:
1962:
1956:
1929:
1912:
1900:
1883:
1871:
1865:
1852:Nikephoros I
1836:
1827:
1826:
1820:
1787:
1784:Justinian II
1779:Tiberius III
1769:Justinian II
1760:
1754:
1737:
1689:
1661:Anastasius I
1652:
1596:
1592:Julius Nepos
1584:
1577:
1565:
1553:
1546:
1534:
1522:
1513:
1512:
1506:
1479:
1470:
1469:
1463:
1454:Theodosius I
1441:
1414:
1407:
1400:
1371:Maximinus II
1358:
1260:
1243:
1230:
1224:
1212:
1200:
1133:
1095:Lucius Verus
940:Roman Empire
934:
894:
872:
865:
858:
833:
817:. ABC-CLIO.
814:
795:
778:
759:
752:Bibliography
738:
726:
714:
702:
690:
678:
626:
619:
603:
586:
509:
495:
484:
477:tuberculosis
474:
447:
416:and Empress
402:
394:
393:
349:
340:
317:
287:
269:
268:
247:
239:
228:
209:
45:
29:
18:
3005:Lev Gumilev
2995:Norman Golb
2990:D.M. Dunlop
2822:Tributaries
2698:Chersonesus
2632:Ras Tarkhan
2582:Alp Tarkhan
2512:Manasseh II
2298:(1224–1242)
2292:(1204–1461)
2081:Konstantios
1958:Christopher
1931:Constantine
1921:Michael III
1902:Constantine
1885:Constantine
1867:Theophylact
1796:Philippicus
1746:Constans II
1671:Justinian I
1567:Severus III
1515:Constans II
1269:Claudius II
1245:Silbannacus
1192:Gordian III
1167:Maximinus I
1135:Diadumenian
930:then lapsed
743:Finlay 2017
731:Melton 2014
707:Finlay 2017
683:Melton 2014
656:Lawler 2011
492:Christopher
434:Germanikeia
403:Leōn IV ho
350:Followed by
341:Preceded by
311:as co-ruler
253:usurpation
85:Predecessor
3157:780 deaths
3152:750 births
3136:Categories
3069:Subbotniks
2914:Laz people
2879:East Slavs
2829:Abkhazians
2813:Tamatarkha
2783:Samosdelka
2647:Sviatoslav
2492:Manasseh I
2419:Radhanites
2075:Andronikos
2063:Nikephoros
2012:Michael IV
1977:Romanos II
1897:Theophilos
1892:Michael II
1873:Staurakios
1857:Staurakios
1829:Nikephoros
1822:Artabasdos
1734:Heraclonas
1691:Theodosius
1649:Basiliscus
1409:Nepotianus
1402:Magnentius
1396:Constans I
1349:Severus II
1329:Diocletian
1274:Quintillus
1239:Aemilianus
1232:Volusianus
1177:Gordian II
1142:Elagabalus
1005:Principate
591:References
577:Asia Minor
560:Germanicia
550:; and the
488:Nikephoros
426:Bulgarians
331:Succession
301:as regent
261:Nikephoros
249:Artabasdos
202:Chronology
80:6 June 751
76:Coronation
3054:Ashkenazi
2944:Pechenegs
2844:Baranjars
2587:Balgitzin
2472:Zachariah
2409:Meshchera
2384:Byzantium
2317:Classical
2302:Empresses
2286:(286–296)
2280:(267–273)
2274:(260–274)
2017:Michael V
1943:Alexander
1756:Heraclius
1724:Heraclius
1676:Justin II
1586:Glycerius
1573:Anthemius
1443:Procopius
1381:Martinian
1360:Maxentius
1289:Florianus
1262:Saloninus
1257:Gallienus
1226:Hostilian
1202:Philip II
1172:Gordian I
1120:Caracalla
1055:Vespasian
1050:Vitellius
836:. Brill.
719:Bury 2015
671:Bury 2015
596:Citations
569:Jacobites
554:, led by
546:, led by
538:, led by
526:, led by
95:Successor
3121:Category
3103:Red Jews
3059:Cossacks
2973:Scholars
2929:Mordvins
2899:Kipchaks
2854:Bashkirs
2768:Sambalut
2763:Samandar
2743:Khazaran
2708:Güsliyev
2703:Dagestan
2688:Balanjar
2652:Theodora
2622:Papatzys
2537:Aaron II
2532:Benjamin
2497:Hanukkah
2487:Hezekiah
2404:Kipchaks
2394:Abbasids
2389:Bulgaria
2373:Khazaria
2312:Usurpers
2307:Augustae
2265:See also
2170:Nicholas
1992:Basil II
1789:Tiberius
1774:Leontius
1762:Tiberius
1739:Tiberius
1717:610–1453
1712:Eastern/
1666:Justin I
1619:Arcadius
1579:Olybrius
1561:Majorian
1502:Honorius
1481:Eugenius
1416:Vetranio
1366:Licinius
1339:Galerius
1334:Maximian
1319:Dominate
1309:Numerian
1279:Aurelian
1252:Valerian
1197:Philip I
1187:Balbinus
1182:Pupienus
1130:Macrinus
1105:Pertinax
1100:Commodus
1065:Domitian
1030:Claudius
1025:Caligula
1020:Tiberius
1015:Augustus
548:Tatzates
512:Abbasids
485:caesares
405:Khazaros
163:Isaurian
2959:Uralics
2939:Onogurs
2924:Magyars
2919:Lezgins
2909:Kassogs
2849:Barsils
2839:Arsiyah
2778:Samiran
2753:Levedia
2728:Kazarki
2657:Tzitzak
2642:Sfengus
2597:Bulchan
2527:Menahem
2522:Aaron I
2507:Zebulun
2482:Obadiah
2467:Parsbit
2322:Eastern
2222:Matthew
2116:Alexios
1964:Stephen
1926:Basil I
1811:Leo III
1686:Maurice
1629:Marcian
1612:395–610
1536:Joannes
1495:395–480
1449:Gratian
1322:284–610
1304:Carinus
1284:Tacitus
1160:235–285
1080:Hadrian
949:Lapsed,
938:of the
928:in 742,
787:1886829
612:AM 6241
528:Gregory
500:Cherson
466:epithet
458:Tzitzak
444:History
430:Abbasid
418:Tzitzak
211:Leo III
183:Tzitzak
158:Dynasty
135:Consort
46:Solidus
3087:Kuzari
3034:Legacy
2949:Sabirs
2904:Kumyks
2894:Kabars
2889:Juhuri
2874:Cumans
2864:Burtas
2793:Sarkel
2788:Saqsin
2773:Sambat
2748:Khumar
2723:Kavkaz
2671:Places
2637:Serach
2627:Pesakh
2617:Leo IV
2592:Barjik
2552:George
2542:Joseph
2084:&
2060:&
1967:&
1938:Leo VI
1914:Thekla
1870:&
1837:Leo IV
1759:&
1698:Phocas
1654:Marcus
1639:Leo II
1555:Avitus
1472:Victor
1437:Valens
1427:Jovian
1422:Julian
1294:Probus
1229:&
1209:Decius
1157:Crisis
1075:Trajan
954:in 782
936:Consul
871:
840:
821:
802:
785:
766:
634:
573:Thrace
542:; the
530:; the
520:themes
496:caesar
462:Khazar
450:
270:Leo IV
240:Leo IV
179:Mother
169:Father
108:regent
24:Leo IV
2954:Sarir
2934:Oghuz
2834:Alans
2808:Taman
2803:Sudak
2738:Kerem
2733:Kerch
2718:Kaffa
2547:David
2502:Isaac
2477:Bulan
2462:Bihar
2457:Busir
2452:Irbis
1880:Leo V
1847:Irene
1634:Leo I
1299:Carus
1070:Nerva
1060:Titus
1040:Galba
992:Roman
873:Died:
866:Born:
516:Syria
399:Greek
319:Irene
309:Irene
307:with
299:Irene
297:with
278:with
259:with
238:with
219:with
146:Issue
139:Irene
65:Reign
2884:Huns
2683:Azaq
2678:Atil
2607:HLGW
2517:Nisi
2424:Rus'
2236:(w.
2219:(w.
2167:(w.
2138:John
2135:(w.
2113:(w.
2101:(w.
2072:(w.
2054:(w.
1955:(w.
1928:(w.
1911:(w.
1899:(w.
1882:(w.
1864:(w.
1825:(w.
1786:(w.
1753:(w.
1736:(w.
1688:(w.
1651:(w.
1644:Zeno
1511:(w.
1468:(w.
1259:(w.
1223:(w.
1211:(w.
1199:(w.
1132:(w.
1125:Geta
1045:Otho
1035:Nero
994:and
944:776
838:ISBN
819:ISBN
800:ISBN
783:OCLC
764:ISBN
632:ISBN
490:and
127:Died
119:Born
106:(as
2693:Bar
2057:Leo
2002:Zoe
1248:(?)
908:and
101:and
3138::
2078:,
1961:,
663:^
646:^
610:,
579:.
502:.
472:.
2365:e
2358:t
2351:v
2242:)
2225:)
2173:)
2141:)
2119:)
2107:)
2090:)
2066:)
1973:)
1934:)
1917:)
1905:)
1888:)
1876:)
1833:)
1792:)
1765:)
1742:)
1694:)
1657:)
1519:)
1476:)
1265:)
1235:)
1217:)
1205:)
1138:)
984:e
977:t
970:v
846:.
827:.
808:.
789:.
772:.
640:.
614:.
397:(
383:e
376:t
369:v
251:'
110:)
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