593:. Reverse transcriptase is the virally encoded RNA-dependent DNA polymerase. The enzyme uses the viral RNA genome as a template for the synthesis of a complementary DNA copy. Reverse transcriptase possesses activity for destruction of the RNA-template. Integrase binds both the viral cDNA generated by reverse transcriptase and the host DNA. It then processes the LTRs before inserting the viral genome into the host DNA. Tat acts as a trans-activator during transcription to enhance initiation and elongation. The Rev responsive element acts post-transcriptionally, regulating mRNA splicing and transport to the cytoplasm.
148:
466:
1004:
607:
36:
1154:(platelet-derived growth factor), a therapy being considered for use in humans. Finally, lentiviruses have been also used to elicit an immune response against tumor antigens. These treatments, like most current gene therapy experiments, show promise but are yet to be established as safe and effective in controlled human studies.
909:
determinants are type specific and group specific. Antigen determinants that possess type-specific reactivity are found on the envelope. Antigen determinants that possess type-specific reactivity and are involved in antibody mediated neutralization are found on the
1138:, the gene that is mutated in human hemophilia. Lentiviral infection has advantages over other gene-therapy methods including high-efficiency infection of dividing and non-dividing cells, long-term stable expression of a
790:
in at least some lentiviruses (HIV, SIV), if not all of them. Glycosylation seems to play a structural role in the concealment and variation of antigenic sites necessary for the host to mount an immune system response.
1126:
technology in high-throughput formats. Conversely, lentivirus are also used to stably over-express certain genes, thus allowing researchers to examine the effect of increased gene expression in a model system.
1353:
Piguet, V.; Schwartz, O.; Le Gall, S.; Trono, D. (1999-04-01). "The downregulation of CD4 and MHC-I by primate lentiviruses: a paradigm for the modulation of cell surface receptors".
1637:
Casado, Javier Garcia; Janda, Jozef; Wei, Joe; Chapatte, Laurence; Colombetti, Sara; Alves, Pedro; Ritter, Gerd; Ayyoub, Maha; Valmori, Danila; Chen, Weisan; Lévy, Frédéric (2008).
457:
to gags in lions and other large felines indicate the existence of another yet-to-be identified virus related to feline lentivirus and the ovine/caprine lentiviruses.
421:
of lentiviruses are recognized, reflecting the vertebrate hosts with which they are associated (primates, sheep and goats, horses, domestic cats, and cattle). The
1947:
2525:
914:. Cross-reactivity has been found among some species of the same serotype, but not between members of different genera. Classification of members of this
2016:
1964:
2542:
2505:
2488:
2471:
717:
The lentiviral proteome consists of five major structural proteins and three or four non-structural proteins (three in the primate lentiviruses).
2967:
2808:
2737:
2720:
2384:
2109:
1122:
systems or animal models. Large-scale collaborative efforts are underway to use lentiviruses to block the expression of a specific gene using
2980:
2686:
1594:
Lee JA, Conejero JA, Mason JM, et al. (August 2005). "Lentiviral transfection with the PDGF-B gene improves diabetic wound healing".
2195:
2161:
1812:
501:
Lentiviruses contain 2 sense, single-strand RNAs that are bound by nucleocapsid proteins. As with all retroviruses, lentiviruses have
1130:
Another common application is to use a lentivirus to introduce a new gene into human or animal cells. For example, a model of mouse
1541:
2954:
1158:
and lentiviral vectors have so far been used in more than 300 clinical trials, addressing treatment options for various diseases.
1871:
1762:
1743:
1724:
1695:
1526:
1442:
712:
2440:
280:
585:, which bind the RNA genome. These proteins are typically involved in the early stages of genome replication, and include
2859:
2338:
679:
100:
2083:
651:
565:) whose products are involved in regulation of synthesis and processing viral RNA and other replicative functions. The
72:
2135:
1337:
1113:
698:
119:
636:
2993:
2985:
658:
79:
2005:
1990:
2780:
632:
308:
301:
287:
57:
2864:
2655:
2434:
2416:
2410:
2363:
329:
294:
273:
665:
86:
2620:
2306:
2301:
2247:
368:
2645:
2312:
2277:
724:
628:
482:
53:
1849:
2297:
1864:
647:
147:
68:
17:
2998:
2675:
2615:
2272:
2000:
2650:
2428:
880:
617:
542:
1936:
1143:
946:
621:
46:
2881:
2625:
2610:
1931:
1817:
438:
397:
and can efficiently infect nondividing cells, so they are one of the most efficient methods of
315:
2972:
3031:
3021:
2836:
2373:
2358:
2318:
1884:
1857:
1244:
950:
798:
586:
430:
402:
3026:
2941:
2919:
1059:
1039:
998:
573:
long, of which the U3 region is 450, the R sequence 100 and the U5 region some 70 nt long.
566:
142:
1841:
1829:(subtitle) Rapidly emerging technology has potential to treat hemophilia, AIDS, and Cancer
1807:
1778:
8:
2178:
541:. They may also have additional accessory genes depending on the virus (e.g., for HIV-1:
1639:"Lentivector immunization induces tumor antigen-specific B and T cell responses in vivo"
1074:
2 copies packed per particle (held together by Watson-Crick baseparing to form a dimer).
672:
93:
2551:
2514:
2252:
1619:
1607:
1555:"Lentivirus-mediated platelet-derived factor VIII gene therapy in murine haemophilia A"
1492:
1386:
1366:
1308:
1218:
1191:
750:
1458:
Bulcha, Jote T.; Wang, Yi; Ma, Hong; Tai, Phillip W. L.; Gao, Guangping (2021-02-08).
1409:
2928:
2556:
2460:
2445:
2329:
2227:
1995:
1981:
1758:
1739:
1720:
1691:
1668:
1660:
1611:
1576:
1571:
1554:
1522:
1497:
1479:
1438:
1378:
1370:
1333:
1300:
1292:
1223:
386:
364:
336:
244:
1390:
1312:
2378:
1650:
1623:
1603:
1566:
1487:
1471:
1362:
1282:
1213:
1203:
1123:
1012:
783:
526:
2933:
485:, with capsid cores that mature to a cylindrical or conical shape. Projections of
2422:
2349:
2288:
2238:
1922:
1889:
1516:
1327:
1155:
843:
gene in some viruses), the role of which is still unknown. Protein size 14000 Da.
322:
208:
196:
184:
2590:
2579:
2263:
2052:
1911:
1475:
1208:
936:
764:
486:
394:
1287:
1270:
1118:
Lentivirus is primarily a research tool used to introduce a gene product into
375:. Lentiviruses are distributed worldwide, and are known to be hosted in apes,
3015:
2904:
2150:
2063:
1900:
1664:
1483:
1374:
1296:
1100:
1044:
Virions contain one molecule of (each) linear positive-sense single stranded
911:
868:
787:
734:
560:
409:
genome, so that the virus is henceforth inherited by the host's descendants.
1459:
1142:, and low immunogenicity. Lentiviruses have also been successfully used for
2754:
2636:
2368:
2041:
1672:
1615:
1580:
1501:
1382:
1304:
1227:
1030:
1024:
983:
940:
398:
220:
1655:
1638:
2913:
2791:
2666:
2098:
2074:
1879:
1167:
1135:
886:
465:
2959:
1788:"Lentiviruses In Ungulates. I. General Features, History And Prevalence"
481:
are enveloped viruses 80–100 nm in diameter. They are spherical or
2849:
2771:
2601:
2216:
1787:
1131:
729:
570:
454:
360:
232:
2703:
2126:
1437:(6 ed.). Lippincott Williams & Wilkins. pp. 1424–1472.
1139:
1016:
979:
932:
857:
851:
808:
590:
536:
530:
172:
2875:
1717:
Sherris
Medical Microbiology: An Introduction to Infectious Diseases
606:
35:
2898:
1119:
1003:
928:
927:
Symptoms and host range: the virus's hosts are found in the orders
818:
490:
446:
418:
406:
379:, goats, horses, cats, and sheep as well as several other mammals.
372:
743:
transmembrane envelope protein TM, also encoded by the viral gene
1736:
Lentiviruses and
Macrophages: Molecular and Cellular Interactions
1052:
973:
969:
906:
832:
478:
450:
434:
422:
367:, in humans and other mammalian species. The genus includes the
2844:
1433:
Goff SP (2013). "Retroviridae". In Knipe DM, Howley PM (eds.).
1090:
1035:
753:
582:
525:-3´. Unlike other retroviruses, however, lentiviruses have two
2946:
1880:
1103:: Other compounds detected in the particles 3% carbohydrates.
1094:
1085:
Five (major)structural virion proteins have been found so far
1008:
915:
442:
383:
363:
that cause chronic and deadly diseases characterized by long
356:
159:
493:(about 8 nm) may be dispersed evenly over the surface.
2854:
1151:
1147:
740:
376:
1688:
Retroviruses: Molecular
Biology, Genomics and Pathogenesis
1460:"Viral vector platforms within the gene therapy landscape"
1352:
960:
2404:
1045:
890:
874:
555:
549:
470:
426:
390:
1553:
Shi Q, Wilcox DA, Fahs SA, et al. (February 2007).
1190:
Kambol, R; Gatseva, A; Gifford, RJ (20 December 2022).
727:
surface envelope protein SU, encoded by the viral gene
1636:
1192:"An endogenous lentivirus in the germline of a rodent"
713:
Structure and genome of HIV § Genome organization
918:
is infrequently based on their antigenic properties.
1189:
382:Lentiviruses can integrate a significant amount of
60:. Unsourced material may be challenged and removed.
1685:
513:genes, coding for viral proteins in the order: 5´-
1757:(6 ed.). Lippincott Williams & Wilkins.
1058:Genome sequence has terminal repeated sequences;
860:: important for synthesis of major viral proteins
3013:
1593:
1805:
1457:
1107:
1055:ranges from 8k-10k nt (depending on the virus).
2385:Xenotropic murine leukemia virus-related virus
1185:
1183:
1134:is corrected by expressing wild-type platelet-
2588:
1909:
1865:
1808:"Are Lentiviral Vectors on Cusp of Breakout?"
1552:
1268:
425:lentiviruses are distinguished by the use of
1813:Genetic Engineering & Biotechnology News
1679:
1514:
1269:Cockrell, Adam S.; Kafri, Tal (2007-07-01).
1071:3' end of each monomer has a poly (A) tract.
1752:
1518:Lentiviral Vector Systems for Gene Transfer
1404:
1402:
1400:
1180:
635:. Unsourced material may be challenged and
2072:
1872:
1858:
1733:
988:Infectivity not affected by UV irradiation
1654:
1570:
1491:
1286:
1217:
1207:
774:P7/P9 capsid protein NC, also encoded by
699:Learn how and when to remove this message
581:Retroviruses carry proteins within their
405:, integrating their genome into the host
120:Learn how and when to remove this message
1795:Bulgarian Journal of Veterinary Medicine
1464:Signal Transduction and Targeted Therapy
1397:
1002:
943:(single and double-toed hooved mammals).
464:
437:. Some groups have cross-reactive gags (
1719:(4th ed.). New York: McGraw Hill.
1714:
1432:
961:Physicochemical and physical properties
949:: transmitted by means not involving a
900:
489:make the surface appear rough, or tiny
14:
3014:
756:protein CA, encoded by the viral gene
2880:
2879:
1853:
1426:
1271:"Gene delivery by lentivirus vectors"
1068:Cap sequence of type 1 m7G5ppp5'GmpNp
2441:Caprine arthritis encephalitis virus
1515:Buchschacher, Gary L. (2003-01-31).
1325:
1239:
1237:
720:Structural proteins listed by size:
633:adding citations to reliable sources
600:
281:Caprine arthritis encephalitis virus
58:adding citations to reliable sources
29:
2860:Human teratocarcinoma-derived virus
2339:Walleye epidermal hyperplasia virus
1686:Kurth, R; Bannert, N, eds. (2010).
956:Geographic distribution: worldwide.
935:(cats, dogs and other carnivores),
24:
2084:Caenorhabditis elegans Cer13 virus
1772:
1753:Knipe DM, Howley PM, eds. (2013).
1608:10.1097/01.prs.0000172892.78964.49
1367:10.1111/j.1600-065x.1999.tb01282.x
1065:The 5' end of the genome has a cap
25:
3043:
2136:Caenorhabditis elegans Cer1 virus
1835:
1234:
1114:Lentiviral vector in gene therapy
412:
2407:(human immunodeficiency viruses)
1572:10.1111/j.1538-7836.2007.02346.x
1326:Mahy, Brian W. J. (2009-02-26).
1007:Lentiviral delivery of designed
605:
146:
34:
2411:Simian immunodeficiency viruses
2006:Woolly monkey hepatitis B virus
1991:Ground squirrel hepatitis virus
1630:
1587:
1546:
1535:
921:
45:needs additional citations for
2781:Soybean chlorotic mottle virus
2429:Equine infectious anemia virus
1806:Tim Ravenscroft (2008-06-15).
1715:Ryan KJ, Ray CG, eds. (2004).
1643:European Journal of Immunology
1508:
1451:
1346:
1319:
1262:
1051:Total genome length is of one
576:
309:Human immunodeficiency virus 2
302:Human immunodeficiency virus 1
288:Equine infectious anemia virus
13:
1:
2865:Human Endogenous Retrovirus-W
2656:Strawberry vein banding virus
2435:Bovine immunodeficiency virus
2417:Feline immunodeficiency virus
2364:Abelson murine leukemia virus
1708:
460:
330:Simian immunodeficiency virus
295:Feline immunodeficiency virus
274:Bovine immunodeficiency virus
2621:Kalanchoe top-spotting virus
2248:Avian sarcoma leukosis virus
1108:Use as gene delivery vectors
931:(humans, apes and monkeys),
893:: unique to each type of HIV
815:gene. Protein size 32000 Da.
805:gene. Protein size 66000 Da.
767:protein MA, also encoded by
369:human immunodeficiency virus
7:
2646:Carnation etched ring virus
2313:Simian-T-lymphotropic virus
2278:Jaagsiekte sheep retrovirus
1161:
1082:Virions contain 60% protein
978:Virions sensitive to heat,
905:Serological relationships:
596:
10:
3048:
2298:Human T-lymphotropic virus
1738:. Caister Academic Press.
1690:. Caister Academic Press.
1476:10.1038/s41392-021-00487-6
1329:The Dictionary of Virology
1209:10.1186/s12977-022-00615-2
1146:of diabetic mice with the
1111:
972:density 1.16–1.18 g cm in
847:Gene regulatory proteins:
710:
2888:
2835:
2806:
2789:
2769:
2752:
2735:
2718:
2701:
2684:
2676:Cassava vein mosaic virus
2664:
2634:
2616:Cacao swollen shoot virus
2599:
2577:
2540:
2523:
2503:
2486:
2469:
2458:
2393:
2347:
2327:
2286:
2273:Mouse mammary tumor virus
2261:
2236:
2225:
2214:
2193:
2176:
2159:
2148:
2124:
2107:
2096:
2061:
2050:
2039:
2014:
2001:Woodchuck hepatitis virus
1979:
1962:
1945:
1920:
1898:
1542:shRNA – short hairpin RNA
1288:10.1007/s12033-007-0010-8
496:
269:
264:
141:
134:
2651:Cauliflower mosaic virus
1734:Desport, M, ed. (2010).
1173:
1011:'s and the mechanism of
1937:Heron hepatitis B virus
1410:"ViralZone: Lentivirus"
1275:Molecular Biotechnology
1062:(LTR) (of about 600 nt)
811:IN also encoded by the
439:group-specific antigens
2626:Rubus yellow net virus
2611:Banana streak MY virus
1932:Duck hepatitis B virus
1818:Mary Ann Liebert, Inc.
1093:: Virions contain 35%
1079:There are 11 proteins
1020:
854:: main trans-activator
829:gene in some viruses).
474:
316:Jembrana disease virus
2374:Feline leukemia virus
2359:Murine leukemia virus
2319:Bovine leukemia virus
1656:10.1002/eji.200737923
1596:Plast. Reconstr. Surg
1355:Immunological Reviews
1245:"What is Lentivirus?"
1060:long terminal repeats
1006:
799:Reverse transcriptase
711:Further information:
587:reverse transcriptase
468:
342:(+5 endogenous found)
1885:Reverse transcribing
1414:viralzone.expasy.org
901:Antigenic properties
877:: regulatory protein
864:Accessory proteins:
629:improve this section
567:long terminal repeat
371:(HIV), which causes
143:Virus classification
54:improve this article
1948:Herpetohepadnavirus
1801:(3): 175–181. 2006.
1029:Virions contain 2%
883:: APOBEC3 inhibitor
569:(LTR) is about 600
433:and the absence of
2552:Simian foamy virus
2526:Prosimiispumavirus
2515:Feline foamy virus
2253:Rous sarcoma virus
1559:J. Thromb. Haemost
1332:. Academic Press.
1021:
994:Classed as having
835:DU encoded by the
821:PR encoded by the
801:RT encoded by the
475:
401:. They can become
365:incubation periods
3009:
3008:
2882:Taxon identifiers
2873:
2872:
2831:
2830:
2827:
2826:
2823:
2822:
2573:
2572:
2569:
2568:
2565:
2564:
2557:Human foamy virus
2461:Spumaretrovirinae
2454:
2453:
2446:Visna-maedi virus
2330:Epsilonretrovirus
2228:Orthoretrovirinae
2210:
2209:
2144:
2143:
2092:
2091:
2035:
2034:
2031:
2030:
1996:Hepatitis B virus
1982:Orthohepadnavirus
1779:ICTV taxonomy of
1764:978-1-4511-0563-6
1745:978-1-904455-60-8
1726:978-0-8385-8529-0
1697:978-1-904455-55-4
1528:978-0-306-47702-7
1444:978-1-4511-0563-6
871:: negative factor
784:envelope proteins
778:. 7000–11000 Da.
709:
708:
701:
683:
387:complementary DNA
348:
347:
337:Visna-maedi virus
246:Orthoretrovirinae
130:
129:
122:
104:
16:(Redirected from
3039:
3002:
3001:
2989:
2988:
2976:
2975:
2963:
2962:
2950:
2949:
2937:
2936:
2924:
2923:
2922:
2909:
2908:
2907:
2877:
2876:
2597:
2596:
2586:
2585:
2580:dsDNA-RT viruses
2467:
2466:
2379:Koala retrovirus
2234:
2233:
2223:
2222:
2157:
2156:
2105:
2104:
2070:
2069:
2059:
2058:
2053:ssRNA-RT viruses
2048:
2047:
2017:Parahepadnavirus
1965:Metahepadnavirus
1918:
1917:
1907:
1906:
1874:
1867:
1860:
1851:
1850:
1831:
1826:
1825:
1802:
1792:
1768:
1749:
1730:
1702:
1701:
1683:
1677:
1676:
1658:
1649:(7): 1867–1876.
1634:
1628:
1627:
1591:
1585:
1584:
1574:
1550:
1544:
1539:
1533:
1532:
1512:
1506:
1505:
1495:
1455:
1449:
1448:
1430:
1424:
1423:
1421:
1420:
1406:
1395:
1394:
1350:
1344:
1343:
1323:
1317:
1316:
1290:
1266:
1260:
1259:
1257:
1256:
1249:News-Medical.net
1241:
1232:
1231:
1221:
1211:
1187:
1124:RNA interference
1013:RNA interference
704:
697:
693:
690:
684:
682:
641:
609:
601:
527:regulatory genes
151:
150:
132:
131:
125:
118:
114:
111:
105:
103:
62:
38:
30:
27:Genus of viruses
21:
3047:
3046:
3042:
3041:
3040:
3038:
3037:
3036:
3012:
3011:
3010:
3005:
2997:
2992:
2984:
2979:
2971:
2966:
2958:
2953:
2945:
2940:
2932:
2927:
2918:
2917:
2912:
2903:
2902:
2897:
2884:
2874:
2869:
2819:
2802:
2785:
2765:
2748:
2731:
2714:
2697:
2680:
2660:
2630:
2561:
2543:Simiispumavirus
2536:
2519:
2499:
2482:
2450:
2423:Puma lentivirus
2389:
2350:Gammaretrovirus
2343:
2323:
2289:Deltaretrovirus
2282:
2257:
2239:Alpharetrovirus
2206:
2189:
2172:
2140:
2120:
2088:
2027:
2010:
1975:
1958:
1941:
1923:Avihepadnavirus
1894:
1890:Revtraviricetes
1878:
1838:
1823:
1821:
1790:
1786:
1775:
1773:Further reading
1765:
1755:Fields Virology
1746:
1727:
1711:
1706:
1705:
1698:
1684:
1680:
1635:
1631:
1592:
1588:
1551:
1547:
1540:
1536:
1529:
1521:. Springer US.
1513:
1509:
1456:
1452:
1445:
1435:Fields Virology
1431:
1427:
1418:
1416:
1408:
1407:
1398:
1351:
1347:
1340:
1324:
1320:
1267:
1263:
1254:
1252:
1243:
1242:
1235:
1188:
1181:
1176:
1164:
1156:Gammaretroviral
1116:
1110:
963:
924:
903:
896:p6: part of gag
825:gene (part of
715:
705:
694:
688:
685:
642:
640:
626:
610:
599:
579:
499:
473:, a lentivirus.
463:
453:lentiviruses).
415:
323:Puma lentivirus
210:Revtraviricetes
145:
126:
115:
109:
106:
63:
61:
51:
39:
28:
23:
22:
15:
12:
11:
5:
3045:
3035:
3034:
3029:
3024:
3007:
3006:
3004:
3003:
2990:
2977:
2964:
2951:
2938:
2925:
2910:
2894:
2892:
2886:
2885:
2871:
2870:
2868:
2867:
2862:
2857:
2852:
2847:
2841:
2839:
2833:
2832:
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413:Classification
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2598:
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2340:
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2299:
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2151:Pseudoviridae
2147:
2137:
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2129:
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2123:
2117:
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2114:
2112:
2111:
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2100:
2095:
2085:
2082:
2081:
2079:
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2071:
2068:
2066:
2065:
2064:Belpaoviridae
2060:
2057:
2054:
2049:
2046:
2044:
2043:
2038:
2024:
2023:
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2018:
2013:
2007:
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1961:
1955:
1954:
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1929:
1927:
1925:
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1908:
1905:
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1891:
1886:
1882:
1875:
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1565:(2): 352–61.
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1196:Retrovirology
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1080:
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926:
925:
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912:glycoproteins
908:
895:
892:
888:
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882:
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876:
873:
870:
867:
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865:
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838:
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831:
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797:
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777:
773:
770:
766:
762:
759:
755:
752:
749:
746:
742:
739:
736:
733:. 120000 Da (
732:
731:
726:
723:
722:
721:
718:
714:
703:
700:
692:
689:December 2023
681:
678:
674:
671:
667:
664:
660:
657:
653:
650: –
649:
645:
644:Find sources:
638:
634:
630:
624:
623:
619:
614:This section
612:
608:
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602:
594:
592:
588:
584:
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534:
533:
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524:
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516:
512:
508:
504:
494:
492:
488:
484:
480:
472:
469:Structure of
467:
458:
456:
452:
448:
444:
441:) (e.g., the
440:
436:
432:
429:protein as a
428:
424:
420:
410:
408:
404:
400:
399:gene delivery
396:
392:
388:
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341:
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113:
102:
99:
95:
92:
88:
85:
81:
78:
74:
71: –
70:
66:
65:Find sources:
59:
55:
49:
48:
43:This article
41:
37:
32:
31:
19:
3032:Virus genera
3022:Lentiviruses
2889:
2809:Vaccinivirus
2807:
2790:
2770:
2755:Solendovirus
2753:
2738:Ruflodivirus
2736:
2721:Rosadnavirus
2719:
2702:
2685:
2665:
2637:Caulimovirus
2635:
2600:
2589:
2541:
2524:
2504:
2487:
2470:
2459:
2395:
2394:
2369:Friend virus
2348:
2328:
2287:
2262:
2237:
2226:
2217:Retroviridae
2215:
2194:
2177:
2160:
2149:
2125:
2110:Errantivirus
2108:
2097:
2073:
2062:
2042:Ortervirales
2040:
2015:
1980:
1963:
1946:
1921:
1910:
1899:
1888:
1845:: Lentivirus
1842:
1828:
1822:. Retrieved
1811:
1798:
1794:
1780:
1754:
1735:
1716:
1687:
1681:
1646:
1642:
1632:
1602:(2): 532–8.
1599:
1595:
1589:
1562:
1558:
1548:
1537:
1517:
1510:
1467:
1463:
1453:
1434:
1428:
1417:. Retrieved
1413:
1358:
1354:
1348:
1328:
1321:
1278:
1274:
1264:
1253:. Retrieved
1251:. 2010-05-19
1248:
1199:
1195:
1144:transduction
1129:
1117:
1031:nucleic acid
1025:Nucleic acid
995:
993:
984:formaldehyde
947:Transmission
941:Artiodactyla
922:Epidemiology
904:
863:
846:
840:
836:
826:
822:
812:
802:
793:
788:glycosylated
781:
775:
771:. 17000 Da.
768:
760:. 24000 Da.
757:
747:. 41000 Da.
744:
728:
719:
716:
695:
686:
676:
669:
662:
655:
648:"Lentivirus"
643:
627:Please help
615:
580:
561:
554:
548:
543:
537:
531:
522:
518:
514:
510:
506:
502:
500:
476:
416:
381:
361:retroviruses
351:
350:
349:
335:
328:
321:
314:
307:
300:
293:
286:
279:
272:
257:
256:
245:
234:Retroviridae
233:
222:Ortervirales
221:
209:
197:
186:Pararnavirae
185:
173:
166:
156:(unranked):
135:
116:
110:October 2015
107:
97:
90:
83:
76:
69:"Lentivirus"
64:
52:Please help
47:verification
44:
3027:Virotherapy
2914:Wikispecies
2792:Tungrovirus
2687:Dioscovirus
2667:Cavemovirus
2315:(types 1-4)
2179:Pseudovirus
2099:Metaviridae
2075:Semotivirus
1168:Visna virus
1136:factor VIII
577:Replication
483:pleomorphic
241:Subfamily:
3016:Categories
2920:Lentivirus
2890:Lentivirus
2837:Endogenous
2772:Soymovirus
2602:Badnavirus
2396:Lentivirus
1824:2008-07-06
1781:Lentivirus
1709:References
1419:2015-11-30
1255:2015-11-30
1132:hemophilia
999:morphology
980:detergents
659:newspapers
461:Morphology
455:Antibodies
419:serogroups
403:endogenous
352:Lentivirus
258:Lentivirus
136:Lentivirus
80:newspapers
18:Lentiviral
2704:Petuvirus
2196:Sirevirus
2162:Hemivirus
2127:Metavirus
1887:viruses (
1843:Viralzone
1665:1521-4141
1484:2059-3635
1470:(1): 53.
1375:0105-2896
1361:: 51–63.
1297:1073-6085
1202:(1): 30.
1150:encoding
1140:transgene
1017:mammalian
933:Carnivora
809:Integrase
794:Enzymes:
616:does not
591:integrase
395:host cell
389:into the
181:Kingdom:
174:Riboviria
2960:10430208
2899:Wikidata
1673:18546142
1616:16079687
1581:17269937
1502:33558455
1391:19409388
1383:10399064
1313:25410405
1305:17873406
1228:36539757
1162:See also
1120:in vitro
966:General
929:Primates
819:Protease
597:Proteome
487:envelope
431:receptor
407:germline
265:Species
229:Family:
193:Phylum:
2973:1066712
2905:Q374232
2309:, 3, 4)
1624:8628077
1493:7868676
1219:9768972
1053:monomer
996:class C
974:sucrose
970:Buoyant
907:Antigen
833:dUTPase
735:daltons
673:scholar
637:removed
622:sources
583:capsids
479:virions
447:caprine
435:dUTPase
423:primate
393:of the
253:Genus:
217:Order:
205:Class:
94:scholar
2999:600247
2850:ERVWE1
2845:ERV-Fc
2431:(EIAV)
2381:(KoRV)
2307:HTLV-2
2302:HTLV-1
1761:
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1091:Lipids
1036:Genome
1019:cells.
982:, and
951:vector
765:matrix
754:capsid
675:
668:
661:
654:
646:
497:Genome
491:spikes
451:feline
449:, and
96:
89:
82:
75:
67:
2994:WoRMS
2986:11646
2968:IRMNG
2947:67526
2437:(BIV)
2425:(PLV)
2419:(FIV)
2413:(SIV)
1881:Virus
1791:(PDF)
1620:S2CID
1387:S2CID
1309:S2CID
1174:Notes
1095:lipid
1040:dimer
1009:shRNA
916:taxon
725:Gp120
680:JSTOR
666:books
443:ovine
417:Five
384:viral
357:genus
355:is a
167:Realm
160:Virus
101:JSTOR
87:books
2981:NCBI
2955:GBIF
2934:5C98
2855:HCP5
1759:ISBN
1740:ISBN
1721:ISBN
1692:ISBN
1669:PMID
1661:ISSN
1612:PMID
1577:PMID
1523:ISBN
1498:PMID
1480:ISSN
1439:ISBN
1379:PMID
1371:ISSN
1334:ISBN
1301:PMID
1293:ISSN
1224:PMID
1152:PDGF
1148:gene
939:and
782:The
763:P17
741:Gp41
652:news
620:any
618:cite
589:and
535:and
509:and
477:The
377:cows
373:AIDS
73:news
2942:EoL
2929:CoL
2405:HIV
1651:doi
1604:doi
1600:116
1567:doi
1488:PMC
1472:doi
1363:doi
1359:168
1283:doi
1214:PMC
1204:doi
1046:RNA
1015:in
891:Vpx
887:Vpu
881:Vif
875:Vpr
869:Nef
858:Rev
852:Tat
841:pol
837:pro
827:pol
823:pro
813:pol
803:pol
776:gag
769:gag
758:gag
751:P24
745:env
730:env
631:by
562:nef
556:vpu
550:vpr
544:vif
538:rev
532:tat
523:env
519:pol
515:gag
511:env
507:pol
503:gag
471:HIV
427:CD4
391:DNA
359:of
56:by
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