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179:(How to learn to learn), the schedule of repetition was governed by the size of the partitions in the learning box. These were 1, 2, 5, 8, and 14 cm. Only when a partition became full was the learner to review some of the cards it contained, moving them forward or back depending on whether they remembered them.
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5 days. If they look at a card in Box 1 and get the correct answer, they "promote" it to Box 2. A correct answer with a card in Box 2 "promotes" that card to Box 3. If they make a mistake with a card in Box 2 or Box 3, it gets "demoted" to the first box, which forces the learner to study that card more often.
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In this method, flashcards are sorted into groups according to how well the learner knows each one in
Leitner's learning box. The learners try to recall the solution written on a flashcard. If they succeed, they send the card to the next group. If they fail, they send it back to the first group. Each
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Suppose there are 3 boxes of cards called "Box 1", "Box 2" and "Box 3". The cards in Box 1 are the ones that the learner often makes mistakes with, and Box 3 contains the cards that they know very well. They might choose to study the Box 1 cards once a day, Box 2 every 3 days, and Box 3 cards every
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If a learner is successful at a card from Deck
Current, it gets transferred to the deck that begins with that session's number. For example, if this is session 0, a successful card in Deck Current moves to box 0-2-5-9; If this is session 3, a successful card from Deck Current moves to box 3-5-8-2.
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If a reviewed card is successful and the last number of its box matches the current session number, then that card moves to the
Retired Deck. For example, if this is session 9 and you're reviewing box 0-2-5-9, then any successful cards from this box will move to the Retired Deck.
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A box of cards is reviewed when its name contains the current session number. For example, if this is session 0, boxes 0-2-5-9, 1-3-6-0, 5-7-0-4, and 8-0-3-7 are done because they all contain the number 0.
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The advantage of this method is that the learner can focus on the most difficult flashcards, which remain in the first few groups. The result is, ideally, a reduction in the amount of study time needed.
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The effect is identical to a 5-box
Leitner system, however, whereas in that system each box represents the proficiency level of its contents, here each box represents the session in which it is done.
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In the
Leitner system, correctly answered cards are advanced to the next, less frequent box, while incorrectly answered cards return to the first box.
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With this method, there are 12 boxes. One is the
Current Deck, one is the Retired Deck, and the remaining 10 boxes are named with these numbers:
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succeeding group has a longer period before the learner is required to revisit the cards. In
Leitner's original method, published in his book
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If a reviewed card is successful and the last number of its box doesn't match the current session number, then that card stays where it is.
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Learning sessions are numbered from 0 to 9, then the numbering starts over again (i.e. 0, 1, 2, ..., 8, 9, 0, 1, 2, ...).
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All cards begin in Deck
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An alternative method where incorrect answers are only moved back by one box
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If a reviewed card isn't successful, it moves back to Deck
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Ideas similar to these have been implemented into a number of
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in 1972. It is a simple implementation of the principle of
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62:. Unsourced material may be challenged and removed.
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307:"Using the Leitner System to improve your study"
420:"The Leitner System: What It Is, How It Works"
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196:Animation of three sessions. Click to enlarge
154:is a widely used method of efficiently using
333:"How To Use the Leitner System for Studying"
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397:(18th ed.). Freiburg: Verlag Herder.
122:Learn how and when to remove this message
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364:"The Leitner System: How Does it Work?"
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331:Stratemeyer, April (January 25, 2023).
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521:Incremental reading
395:So lernt man lernen
177:So lernt man Lernen
675:Hermann Ebbinghaus
644:Hermann Ebbinghaus
286:flashcard software
209:Proficiency levels
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160:Sebastian Leitner
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54:Please help
49:verification
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695:Hal Pashler
668:Researchers
563:Course Hero
337:Pocket Prep
188:Three boxes
292:References
276:Automation
156:flashcards
112:April 2023
82:newspapers
623:SuperMemo
613:OpenCards
608:Mnemosyne
558:Cobocards
506:Flashcard
424:E-Student
378:April 28,
347:April 28,
710:Category
598:Lingopie
578:Duolingo
573:Cram.com
479:Concepts
372:Archived
368:MindEdge
341:Archived
183:Examples
618:Quizlet
603:Memrise
593:Kahoot!
429:May 20,
244:9-1-4-8
241:8-0-3-7
238:7-9-2-6
235:6-8-1-5
232:5-7-0-4
229:4-6-9-3
226:3-5-8-2
223:2-4-7-1
220:1-3-6-0
217:0-2-5-9
96:scholar
553:Cerego
511:Memory
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316:May 2,
311:Medium
170:Method
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103:JSTOR
89:books
568:Cram
548:Anki
431:2023
399:ISBN
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318:2023
284:and
150:The
75:news
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