578:
658:). Roberto then finds the one last flower left alive in the winter and tries to find hope that Anna lives but is repelled by the Villi when he tries to knock on the door of Guglielmo's house. Roberto then tries to pray for forgiveness but finds he cannot because of the curse put upon him by the Villi. As Roberto curses his fate Anna appears to him and tells him of the suffering that she had to endure. Roberto begs for forgiveness and he too feels the pain of Anna burning in his heart. But Roberto is not forgiven and Anna calls upon the Villi, who curse Roberto with cries of "traitor." There, the Villi and Anna dance with Roberto until he dies of exhaustion at Anna's feet.
1022:
385:
1882:
637:
1893:
210:. Puccini's mother received the following telegram on the night of premiere at the Teatro dal Verme on 31 May 1884: "Theatre packed, immense success; anticipations exceeded; eighteen calls; finale of first act encored thrice"'. Ricordi urged the composer to expand the work, and Puccini did, producing a new version later that year, which was followed by modifications in 1885, and the final version in 1889.
1919:
44:
603:. Anna tells Roberto of her dreams of him dying but Roberto tells Anna that she should not worry about his love failing and that she may doubt her God but not his love for her. The crowd returns and Anna is still worried about Roberto leaving. Roberto then asks Guglielmo, Anna's father, to bless them before his journey and Roberto sets off for Mainz.
1191:
242:
recounting the intervening events. Michele
Girardi, citing a letter from Fontana to Puccini on 3 September 1884, has pointed out that the librettist intended for these to be read by the audience but not actually recited by a narrator. But according to Mosco Carner, Puccini had intended for the verses
219:
652:). The Villi call upon the ghost of Anna and lure Roberto into the forest. Roberto, now penniless and abandoned by the seductress, returns when news of Anna's death reaches him. He hopes for forgiveness, but the Villi stalk him as he mourns the loss of the days of his youth (Aria:
243:
to be read out to the audience, although he notes there is no mention of this having actually happened in contemporary reviews of the first production. Likewise, there is no record of a narrator having been used at the first performance of
191:'s first of four musical competitions, advertised in April 1883, for a new, unperformed opera "inspired by the best traditions of Italian opera", which could be "idyllic, serious, or comic", to be judged by a panel including
594:
Family and guests dance at a celebration of the engagement in marriage of
Roberto and Anna. Roberto must leave before the ceremony to collect an inheritance, and Anna worries that she will never see him again (Aria:
1215:
286:
in Naples on 15 January 1888. However, on that occasion it was not viewed favourably by either the audience or the critics who characterized it as "simply an imitation of
577:
1896:
181:
301:
occurred on 24 September 1897 at the Comedy
Theatre in Manchester, and the US premiere came on 17 December 1908 at the New York Metropolitan Opera conducted by
871:(Recorded at a concert in the Grandmaster's Palace, Valletta, Malta to mark the 150th anniversary of the birth of Giacomo Puccini. Narrator: Deborah Conti)
251:
in 1908. Nevertheless, a narrator is used in some modern productions of the opera, such as the
September 2004 production at the Teatro Dal Verme with
1142:
352:
The UK premiere of the original version, and the first performance anywhere since the first performance on 31 May 1884, took place in London's
1229:
1432:
1384:
1389:
616:
149:
648:
Anna's father, Guglielmo, holds
Roberto responsible for Anna's death and calls upon the Villi to take vengeance on Roberto (Aria:
1450:
847:(Video recording of a performance in the Grandi Terme di Villa Adriana, Roma as part of the Festival Euro Mediterraneo, 31 July)
1277:
1305:
1378:
615:, and forgets Anna. Anna waits through the summer and the autumn and in the winter dies in his absence. The legend of the
1942:
1366:
1337:
1315:
944:
Sources disagree on this. Achille, Arturo, Alfredo and
Giacomo Panizza have all been quoted as the conductor. As has
1947:
896:
Orchestra e Coro del Maggio
Musicale Fiorentino (Recorded at Teatro Maggio Musicale Fiorentino, October 25, 2018)
623:
is then explained. When a woman dies of a broken heart, the fairies force the heart breaker to dance until death.
256:
186:
1425:
357:
1526:
1150:
1578:
771:
429:
145:
78:
1909:
1167:
1885:
1418:
599:). Roberto comforts Anna telling her that it will be fine and they will marry when he returns from
1795:
1787:
1779:
1763:
1496:
1691:
1481:
298:
1357:, Bärenreiter 2003, pp. 133–148 and pp. 410–411 (Appendix IV – Autograph Material for
526:
1325:
333:
275:
1628:
1534:
1719:
1614:
1246:
654:
290:". Puccini continued to revise the work up until its Hamburg premiere in 1892, conducted by
1952:
1595:
342:
311:
1684:
1404:
328:
8:
1656:
1635:
1224:
353:
283:
196:
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1199:
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758:
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324:
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141:
60:
789:
1834:
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1745:
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988:
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725:
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612:
467:
1398:
1003:
1851:
1828:
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735:
641:
320:
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163:
100:
1957:
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306:
133:
35:
1856:
1822:
945:
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730:
481:
369:
287:
264:
260:
239:
207:
206:, funded the first production, whose favorable reception led to publication by
192:
226:
In the libretto, each part of the symphonic intermezzo between acts 1 and 2 –
199:. Puccini's submission was disqualified because its manuscript was illegible.
1936:
1866:
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384:
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203:
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346:
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1149:(in Italian). Comitato Nazionale Celebrazioni Pucciniane. Archived from
1558:
1542:
805:
403:
373:
361:
268:
148:. Karr's story was in turn based in the Central European legend of the
799:
252:
218:
1588:
463:
327:
until 23 October 2005, when it was performed in a double bill with
137:
1410:
985:
Royal Opera House
Programme for Cavalleria Rusticana and Pagliacci
983:
Greenwald, Helen M. (2023). "Coupling: Mascagni and
Leoncavallo".
636:
494:
154:
129:
31:
1892:
271:) is also used in the Sony 1981 studio recording of the work.
1504:
600:
521:
235:
159:
125:
27:
1918:
1310:. Translated by Laura Basini. University of Chicago Press.
158:. The opera, in its original one-act version, premiered at
43:
222:
Librettist
Ferdinando Fontana and composer Giacomo Puccini
323:
as Roberto. The work did not receive its premiere at the
1407:, (with stage directions in English), opera.stanford.edu
931:
section of the orchestra that night was the 21-year-old
880:
with film in Italy and video excerpts from the concert
255:
as the narrator, and the August 1994 production at the
1907:
1095:
1046:
1034:
966:
964:
274:A revised, two-act version was performed in at the
1107:
1070:
180:is Puccini's first stage work. It was written for
1119:
1934:
1058:
961:
890:Maria Teresa Leva Leonardo Caimi Tony Laudadio
845:Orchestra and Chorus Filarmonica Mediterranea,
1426:
144:, based on the short story "Les Willis" by
1433:
1419:
948:, but he was only 9 years old at the time.
869:Orkestra Nazzjonali, The Classique Chorus,
169:A performance typically lasts 64 minutes.
42:
1385:International Music Score Library Project
982:
388:Front cover of the first printed libretto
356:on 21 November 2018. It was given by the
132:in two acts (originally one) composed by
1355:Giacomo Puccini – Catalogue of the Works
1289:Living Masters of Music, Giacomo Puccini
635:
576:
383:
217:
172:
1303:
1040:
1001:
909:
1935:
1324:
1291:. London: John Lane, The Bodley Head.
1264:
1165:
1113:
1101:
1052:
543:Mountain folk, fairies, unseen spirits
213:
1414:
1244:
1213:
1189:
1140:
1125:
1076:
1064:
970:
1002:Vannoni, Giulia (15 November 2021).
1440:
1286:
1028:
278:, Turin, on 26 December 1884.
202:Puccini's supporters, who included
13:
1347:
995:
876:DVD: Documentary presented by Dr.
394:Roles, voice types, premiere casts
305:. Performed as a double bill with
14:
1969:
1372:
1255:operadis-opera-discography.org.uk
976:
874:CD: Cameo Classics Cat: CC9040CD,
1917:
1891:
1881:
1880:
1006:[Galli, this stranger].
816:National Philharmonic Orchestra,
672:Cast (Roberto, Anna, Guglielmo)
315:, the Met's production featured
1082:
938:
372:and Arsen Soghomonyan with the
341:conducted the performance with
238:) – is preceded by explanatory
48:Original 1884 advertisement in
1307:Puccini: His International Art
1220:di Puccini torna al Dal Verme"
921:
700:RAI Turin Chorus and Orchestra
1:
1270:Puccini: A Critical Biography
661:
606:
358:London Philharmonic Orchestra
1332:. New York: Penguin Putnam.
740:Vienna Academy Chamber Choir
650:Anima santa della figlia mia
257:Festival della Valle d'Itria
7:
1330:The New Penguin Opera Guide
1272:(3rd ed.). Duckworth.
1214:Anon. (19 September 2004).
1004:"Galli, questo sconosciuto"
772:Adelaide Symphony Orchestra
550:
452:Conductor: Alessandro Pomè
146:Jean-Baptiste Alphonse Karr
81:'s short story "Les Willis"
79:Jean-Baptiste Alphonse Karr
50:Gazzetta Musicale di Milano
10:
1974:
1190:Anon. (17 December 1908).
677:opera house and orchestra
611:Roberto is enchanted by a
282:was also performed at the
152:, also used in the ballet
1943:Operas by Giacomo Puccini
1875:
1844:
1825:(great-great-grandfather)
1815:
1756:
1729:
1606:
1457:
1448:
1304:Girardi, Michele (2002).
776:Adelaide Festival Chorale
671:
541:
531:Enrico Filippi-Bresciani
436:Milan, Teatro alla Scala,
407:
402:
399:
267:as narrator. A narrator (
85:
74:
66:
56:
41:
26:
21:
902:Cat: CDS7840 DVD: 37840
644:for the setting of act 2
626:
572:
448:Milan, Teatro Dal Verme,
415:Milan, Teatro Dal Verme,
379:
297:The UK premiere, by the
16:Opera by Giacomo Puccini
1948:Italian-language operas
1692:Tu che di gel sei cinta
1090:Manchester Evening News
640:Water-colour sketch by
299:Carl Rosa Opera Company
1287:Dry, Wakeling (1906).
819:Ambrosian Opera Chorus
645:
586:
389:
223:
182:Casa Musicale Sonzogno
1535:La fanciulla del West
1245:Capon, Brian (n.d.).
707:(Warner Fonit Cetra)
639:
580:
387:
221:
173:Compositional history
90:31 May 1884
1451:List of compositions
1353:Schickling, Dieter,
1232:on February 19, 2012
910:Notes and references
692:Silvano Verlinghieri
475:Agostino Gnaccarini
424:Turin, Teatro Regio,
364:. The soloists were
343:Krassimira Stoyanova
312:Cavalleria rusticana
230:(The Desertion) and
1636:E lucevan le stelle
1405:Libretto in Italian
1399:Libretto in English
1225:Corriere della Sera
1196:performance record"
1092:, 18 September 1897
864:Antonio Stragapede
597:Se come voi piccina
396:
354:Royal Festival Hall
214:Performance history
197:Amilcare Ponchielli
1720:Un bel dì, vedremo
1664:O mio babbino caro
1622:Donna non vidi mai
1615:Torna ai felici dì
1200:Metropolitan Opera
1176:Vienna State Opera
836:Albert Montserrat,
763:James Christiansen
759:Marilyn Richardson
655:Torna ai felici dì
646:
587:
537:Michele Mariacher
506:Romilda Pantaleoni
392:
390:
325:Vienna State Opera
249:Metropolitan Opera
224:
166:, on 31 May 1884.
142:Ferdinando Fontana
61:Ferdinando Fontana
1905:
1904:
1835:Simonetta Puccini
1713:Che gelida manina
1706:O soave fanciulla
1699:Signore, ascolta!
1685:Non piangere, LiĂą
1643:Recondita armonia
1279:978-0-7156-2363-3
989:Royal Opera House
907:
906:
878:Simonetta Puccini
867:Joseph Debrincat,
726:Matteo Manuguerra
721:Adriana Maliponte
690:Elisabetta Fusco,
688:Gianni Dal Ferro,
548:
547:
527:AntĂłnio D'Andrade
499:Rosina Caponetti
459:the head forester
109:
108:
1965:
1922:
1921:
1913:
1895:
1884:
1883:
1852:Festival Puccini
1845:Related articles
1829:Domenico Puccini
1757:Film adaptations
1671:In questa reggia
1657:Ch'ella mi creda
1520:Madama Butterfly
1435:
1428:
1421:
1412:
1411:
1383:: Scores at the
1343:
1321:
1300:
1283:
1259:
1241:
1239:
1237:
1228:. Archived from
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1208:
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666:
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642:Adolf Hohenstein
478:Delfino Menotti
430:Giovanni Bolzoni
426:26 December 1884
397:
395:
391:
321:Alessandro Bonci
303:Arturo Toscanini
284:Teatro San Carlo
190:
164:Teatro Dal Verme
101:Teatro Dal Verme
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95:
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1871:
1840:
1837:(granddaughter)
1811:
1752:
1738:Messa di Gloria
1725:
1629:Quando me'n vo'
1602:
1573:Gianni Schicchi
1453:
1444:
1442:Giacomo Puccini
1439:
1401:, impresario.ch
1375:
1350:
1348:Further reading
1340:
1318:
1280:
1247:"Recordings of
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1233:
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1178:
1166:Anon. (n.d.b).
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927:Playing in the
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510:Elena Thériane
451:
450:7 November 1889
449:
447:
446:Fourth version,
439:
438:24 January 1885
437:
435:
427:
425:
423:
422:Second version,
418:
416:
414:
393:
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216:
184:
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134:Giacomo Puccini
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36:Giacomo Puccini
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1857:Giulio Ricordi
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1328:, ed. (2001).
1326:Holden, Amanda
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1141:Anon. (n.d.).
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840:Halla Margret
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829:
828:Cat: MT 76890
825:Sony Classical
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781:Cat: ABT 1019
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748:Cat: LSC 7096
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482:Mario Sammarco
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472:Erminio Peltz
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434:Third version,
432:
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409:
408:Premiere cast
406:
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370:Brian Mulligan
265:Massimo Foschi
261:Martina Franca
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193:Amintore Galli
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1867:Villa Puccini
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1394:Naxos Records
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1367:3-7618-1582-4
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1339:0-14-029312-4
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1174:(in German).
1173:
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1153:on 2011-07-22
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888:Elia Fabbian
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568:Indeterminate
567:
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534:Andrea Anton
533:
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1678:Nessun dorma
1650:Vissi d'arte
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1248:
1234:. Retrieved
1230:the original
1223:
1217:
1203:. Retrieved
1193:
1179:. Retrieved
1169:
1155:. Retrieved
1151:the original
1147:(curiosita)"
1144:
1134:
1133:
1121:
1109:
1097:
1089:
1088:"Theatres",
1084:
1072:
1060:
1048:
1041:Girardi 2002
1036:
1024:
1012:. Retrieved
1010:(in Italian)
1007:
997:
984:
978:
955:
954:
940:
923:
914:
913:
901:
895:
889:
850:DVD: Kultur
838:Andrea Rola,
812:Lorin Maazel
803:
767:Myer Fredman
716:Barry Morell
653:
649:
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631:
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582:
581:Drawing for
565:
561:Black Forest
556:
542:
516:
490:his daughter
489:
458:
351:
349:as Roberto.
345:as Anna and
339:Simone Young
332:
329:Leoš Janáček
319:as Anna and
317:Frances Alda
310:
296:
279:
276:Teatro Regio
273:
244:
231:
227:
225:
204:Arrigo Boito
201:
177:
176:
168:
153:
121:
117:
112:
111:
110:
49:
1953:1884 operas
1807:(2001 film)
1799:(2008 film)
1791:(1988 film)
1783:(1965 film)
1775:(1956 film)
1767:(1926 film)
1730:Other works
1596:discography
1579:discography
1551:Il trittico
1527:discography
1512:discography
1497:discography
1236:16 November
1205:16 November
1181:16 November
1157:16 November
1114:Anon. n.d.b
1102:Holden 2001
1053:Carner 1992
1031:, p. .
852:Cat: D4064
779:CD: Chandos
745:RCA Records
517:a young man
457:Guglielmo,
440:Conductor:
428:Conductor:
419:Conductor:
417:31 May 1884
232:La tregenda
228:L'Abbandono
185: [
122:The Fairies
1937:Categories
1559:Il tabarro
1543:La rondine
1077:Anon. 2004
1065:Anon. 1908
956:References
929:contrabass
843:Tamás Pál,
806:Tito Gobbi
804:Narrator:
743:Audio LP:
738:Orchestra,
675:Conductor,
662:Recordings
607:Intermezzo
404:Voice type
374:Opera Rara
362:Mark Elder
360:under Sir
269:Tito Gobbi
118:The Willis
94:1884-05-31
57:Librettist
1797:La Bohème
1789:La Bohème
1781:La Bohème
1765:La Bohème
1490:La bohème
1249:Le Villi"
1126:Capon n.d
1014:6 January
971:Anon. n.d
800:Leo Nucci
617:fairies (
585:(undated)
515:Roberto,
413:Premiere,
347:José Cura
253:Leo Nucci
1886:Category
1589:Turandot
1466:Le Villi
1390:Synopsis
1380:Le Villi
1359:Le Villi
1268:(1992).
1218:Le Villi
1194:Le Villi
1170:Le Villi
1145:Le Villi
1029:Dry 1906
1008:Il Ponte
991:: 30–35.
619:Le Villi
583:Le Villi
551:Synopsis
464:baritone
376:Chorus.
307:Mascagni
280:Le Villi
245:Le Villi
178:Le Villi
138:libretto
124:) is an
113:Le Villi
86:Premiere
75:Based on
67:Language
22:Le Villi
1746:Requiem
1592:(1924)
1554:(1918)
1523:(1904)
1508:(1900)
1493:(1896)
1135:Sources
495:soprano
247:at the
236:Spectre
155:Giselle
103:, Milan
92: (
70:Italian
1958:Operas
1910:Portal
1816:Family
1749:(1905)
1741:(1880)
1546:(1917)
1538:(1910)
1485:(1893)
1477:(1889)
1469:(1884)
1458:Operas
1365:
1336:
1314:
1297:890894
1295:
1276:
680:Label
632:Winter
590:Spring
557:Place:
488:Anna,
288:Wagner
240:verses
130:ballet
32:ballet
1924:Opera
1897:Audio
1805:Tosca
1773:Tosca
1607:Arias
1505:Tosca
1474:Edgar
1392:from
915:Notes
885:2018
857:2008
833:2004
669:Year
627:Act 2
613:siren
601:Mainz
573:Act 1
566:Time:
522:tenor
400:Role
380:Roles
263:with
234:(The
189:]
160:Milan
126:opera
28:Opera
1363:ISBN
1334:ISBN
1312:ISBN
1293:OCLC
1274:ISBN
1238:2008
1207:2008
1183:2008
1159:2008
1016:2024
823:CD:
786:1979
753:1979
712:1971
703:CD:
685:1954
559:The
468:bass
334:Osud
195:and
150:Vila
1930:.]
1361:).
466:or
331:'s
309:'s
259:in
162:'s
140:by
120:or
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963:^
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187:it
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128:–
116:(
96:)
30:–
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