884:/ To whom these Presents shall come Greeting / Whereas Our has resigned his Office of a Lord of Appeal in Ordinary and the same is now vacant Now Know Ye that We of Our especial grace have in pursuance of the Appellate Jurisdiction Act 1876 as amended by subsequent enactments nominated and appointed and by these Presents Do nominate and appoint Our to be a Lord of Appeal in Ordinary by the style of to hold the said Office so long as he shall well behave himself therein subject to the provisions in the said Act mentioned with all wages profits privileges rank and precedence whatsoever to the said Office belonging or in anywise appertaining and to hold the said style of Baron unto him the said during his life / In Witness whereof We have caused these Our Letters to be made Patent / Witness Ourself at Westminster the day of in the Year of Our Reign.
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In exercising the judicial functions of the House of Lords, Lords of Appeal in
Ordinary were sometimes joined by other Lords of Appeal. Lords of Appeal included holders or former holders of high judicial office who were members of the House of Lords, but not by virtue of the Appellate Jurisdiction
923:
Of all members of the House of Lords, only Lords of Appeal in
Ordinary ever received state salaries by virtue of their position (other Lords have only ever received a daily allowance for attending sittings, plus expenses of attendance). In 2004, the salary for the Senior Lord of Appeal in Ordinary
807:
repealed the provisions rescinding the jurisdiction of the House of Lords. Additionally, the Act provided for the appointment of two persons to be Lords of Appeal in
Ordinary, who were to sit in the House of Lords under the dignity of baron. Originally, though they held the rank of baron for life,
893:
The statutory retirement age for Lords of Appeal in
Ordinary depended on when they were first appointed to judicial office: for those who first became a judge before 31 March 1995, the retirement age is 75 years of age; for those appointed on or after that date, retirement was at 70 years of age
902:
The
Appellate Jurisdiction Act 1876 originally provided for the appointment of two Lords of Appeal in Ordinary, who would continue to serve while holding judicial office, though in 1887, they were permitted to continue to sit in the House of Lords for life, with the style and dignity of
894:(though they were permitted to continue sitting in a part-time capacity as a "Lord of Appeal" until the age of 75 years). There have been recent suggestions that the retirement age for the United Kingdom's most senior judges should revert to 75 years of age.
876:
just name the recipient of the life peerage, letters patent issued under the terms of the
Appellate Jurisdiction Act 1876 also name the retired Lord of Appeal in Ordinary in whose stead the recipient is appointed. In the final form used in 2009, these read:
746:
did not participate in judicial matters. The House of Lords did not necessarily include judges, but it was formerly attended by several judges who gave their opinions when the Lords desired. They did not, however, have the power to vote in the House.
799:, which reorganised the court system and abolished the appellate jurisdiction of the House of Lords in respect of English appeals. In February 1874, before the Act came into force, Gladstone's Liberal Government fell. The Conservative
907:. The number of Lords of Appeal in Ordinary was increased incrementally over the years—to three in 1882, to four in 1891, to six in 1913, to seven in 1929, to nine in 1947, to eleven in 1968 and to twelve in 1994. The
808:
they served in
Parliament only while holding judicial office. In 1889, however, an Act was passed allowing Lords of Appeal to continue to sit and vote in Parliament even after retirement from office.
730:. At the same time, those Supreme Court justices who already held seats in the House of Lords lost their right to speak and vote there until after retirement as Justices of the Supreme Court.
882:
Elizabeth the Second by the Grace of God of the United
Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland and Our other Realms and Territories Queen Head of the Commonwealth Defender of the Faith
908:
758:. As the House of Lords eventually decided that a peerage "for the term of his natural life" did not allow him to sit and vote, Parke also received a hereditary peerage on 23 July 1856.
1275:
593:
956:
1750:
823:. As a result, the power to create life peers under the Appellate Jurisdiction Act 1876 lapsed, although the validity of peerages created thereunder remains intact.
1416:
679:
1268:
1177:
750:
In
January 1856, to permit legally qualified members to exercise the House's appellate functions without allowing their heirs to swell the size of the House,
952:
1303:
303:
727:
1261:
162:
251:
915:, if each House of Parliament passed a resolution approving a draft of the same, increasing the maximum number of Lords of Appeal in Ordinary.
1334:
80:
1409:
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The two most senior Lords of Appeal in
Ordinary were designated the Senior and Second Senior Lords of Appeal in Ordinary respectively. The
672:
382:
1298:
856:—for a period of two years. Lords of Appeal in Ordinary were required to retire from judicial office at 70 or 75 years of age, though as
800:
1230:
1198:
881:
849:
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historically was the Law Lord who was senior by virtue of having served in the House for the longest period. With the appointment of
722:. The House of Lords thus lost its judicial functions and the power to create law life peers lapsed, although the validity of extant
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The House of Lords historically had jurisdiction to hear appeals from the lower courts. Theoretically, the appeals were to the
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became prime minister. In 1874 and 1875 Acts were passed delaying the coming into force of the Judicature Act 1873. The
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To be appointed a Lord of Appeal in Ordinary under the 1876 Act, a person was required to have been a practising
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Wording of letters patent appointing a Lord of Appeal in Ordinary under the Appellate Jurisdiction Act 1876
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on 29 June 2009. On 1 October 2009, the Appellate Jurisdiction Act 1876 was repealed by Schedule 18 to the
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remains intact. Lords of Appeal in Ordinary who were in office on 1 October 2009 automatically became
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The Second Senior Lord of Appeal in Ordinary became the peer who had served for the longest period.
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On 1 October 2009, the Appellate Jurisdiction Act 1876 was repealed owing to the creation of the
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they continued to serve as members of the House of Lords in its legislative capacity for life.
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The last person to be made a law lord under the Appellate Jurisdiction Act 1876 was
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Constitutional History of England since the Accession of George the Third
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was ÂŁ185,705, and for other Lords of Appeal in Ordinary it was ÂŁ179,431.
604:
246:
45:
863:
840:
for a period of fifteen years or to have held a high judicial office—as
635:
1234:. Vol. 17 (11th ed.). Cambridge University Press. p. 6.
837:
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345:
463:
454:
444:
1507:
1178:"Seventy is far too early for a supreme court judge to retire..."
1201:. Parliament of the United Kingdom. 8 April 2009. Archived from
888:
1245:(11th ed.). London: Longmans, Green and Co. Archived from
831:
724:
life peerages created under the Appellate Jurisdiction Act 1876
904:
857:
459:
1283:
943:). The Lords of Appeal continue to hold the style for life.
776:
957:
Deputy President of the Supreme Court of the United Kingdom
707:, as a committee of the House, effectively to exercise the
449:
439:
897:
864:
Letters patent appointing Lords of Appeal in Ordinary
953:
President of the Supreme Court of the United Kingdom
946:
969:in 2000, however, it became an appointed position.
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Justices of the Supreme Court of the United Kingdom
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1751:Former courts and tribunals in the United Kingdom
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889:Retirement age of Lords of Appeal in Ordinary
872:issued by the Monarch under the terms of the
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832:Qualifications of candidates for appointment
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1162:Judicial Pensions and Retirement Act 1993
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81:His Majesty's Courts and Tribunals Service
783:, the last law lord appointed under the
768:, the first law lord appointed under the
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990:Judicial functions of the House of Lords
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709:judicial functions of the House of Lords
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754:, a judge, was created a life peer as
711:, which included acting as the highest
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279:Justice of the peace / lay magistrates
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898:Number of Lords of Appeal in Ordinary
35:This article is part of the series:
1384:Supreme Court of the United Kingdom
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1225:"Lords of Appeal in Ordinary"
1000:List of Lords of Appeal in Ordinary
934:List of Lords of Appeal in Ordinary
821:Supreme Court of the United Kingdom
720:Supreme Court of the United Kingdom
208:Supreme Court of the United Kingdom
104:Supreme Court of the United Kingdom
24:
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909:Administration of Justice Act 1968
699:, were judges appointed under the
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1767:
1653:Chief Justice of the Common Pleas
963:Senior Lord of Appeal in Ordinary
947:Senior and Second Senior Law Lord
29:1876–2009 British judicial office
1538:Court of Great Sessions in Wales
1239:May, Sir Thomas Erskine (1896).
1176:Pannick, David (26 March 2009).
1075:Constitutional Reform Act 2005,
1062:Constitutional Reform Act 2005,
1049:Constitutional Reform Act 2005,
980:'s retirement on 20 April 2009.
911:allowed the Sovereign to make a
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341:Law Society of England and Wales
141:President of the Family Division
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1098:. 11 January 1856. p. 112.
939:Act (e.g. life peers under the
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805:Appellate Jurisdiction Act 1876
785:Appellate Jurisdiction Act 1876
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701:Appellate Jurisdiction Act 1876
304:Director of Public Prosecutions
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1426:Judiciary of England and Wales
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976:succeeded to this position on
844:(before 2005) or judge of the
817:Constitutional Reform Act 2005
13:
1:
1153:. Retrieved 17 February 2022.
1118:. 25 July 1856. p. 2552.
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819:owing to the creation of the
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136:President of the King's Bench
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1663:Justice of the King's Bench
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1005:List of law life peerages
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46:Law of England and Wales
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1039:UK Statute Law Database
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610:Territorial designation
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886:
874:Life Peerages Act 1958
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766:Sir Colin Blackburn
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1205:on 13 April 2009.
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1194:
1186:
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1125:
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981:
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978:Lord Hoffmann
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944:
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935:
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748:
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741:
731:
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583:
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541:
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533:Great Britain
531:
529:
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257:Circuit judge
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109:Privy Council
107:
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101:
95:
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34:
33:
27:
19:
1686:Law Officers
1647:
1558:Star Chamber
1508:Assize Court
1355:
1247:the original
1241:
1229:
1203:the original
1193:
1185:the original
1180:
1171:
1158:
1146:
1135:
1124:
1113:
1104:
1093:
1084:
1071:
1058:
1045:
1034:
1023:
971:
960:
937:
922:
919:Remuneration
901:
892:
880:
867:
835:
810:
790:
755:
749:
737:
717:
696:
692:
691:
407:
180:Family Court
158:County Court
36:
26:
1477:Crown Court
1110:"No. 21905"
1090:"No. 21837"
605:Family seat
329:Bar Council
247:Crown Court
1745:Categories
1467:High Court
1016:References
951:See also:
932:See also:
850:High Court
742:, but the
734:Background
580:Privileges
491:Hereditary
1756:Law lords
1356:Law Lords
1292:Judgments
1181:The Times
838:barrister
697:Law Lords
515:Divisions
346:Solicitor
334:Barrister
18:Law Lords
1571:Justices
1377:See also
1366:peerages
984:See also
791:In 1873
565:Nobility
528:Scotland
464:Scotland
410:a series
408:Part of
262:Recorder
1693:Current
1578:Current
1440:Current
1304:Notable
1213:Sources
1164:Chapt 8
575:History
538:Ireland
523:England
1714:Former
1636:Former
1496:Former
1433:Courts
1328:Trials
868:While
858:barons
557:Topics
1344:Lords
1077:s 137
905:baron
585:Robes
570:Welsh
483:Types
432:Ranks
1319:2009
1314:2008
1309:2007
1064:s 24
1051:s 23
955:and
594:list
496:Life
462:(in
1361:all
1299:All
852:or
1747::
1228:.
1112:.
1092:.
848:,
412:on
1418:e
1411:t
1404:v
1277:e
1270:t
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1166:.
1079:.
1066:.
1053:.
787:.
772:.
681:e
674:t
667:v
596:)
592:(
470:)
384:e
377:t
370:v
20:)
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