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Rawa Pening is estimated to have been formed between 18,000 and 13,500 BC after a period of increased precipitation. It reached its largest size from 11,000 to 9,000 BC but shrank until it reached its current size around 6,000 BC.
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of 270 to 880 kilograms (600 to 1,940 lb) per day, averaging 780 tonnes yearly, with the water level dropping 29% since 1989. The overabundance of aquatic plants has been blamed, especially
148:, Indonesia. It serves as a source of power, irrigation, and flood control, and is used for fishing. Due partly to the high numbers of aquatic plants, it may dry out by 2021.
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near the lake. Fishing is common as a source of supplementary income, and the water from the lake irrigates nearby rice fields. It has also been cited as being used for
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had earlier been attempted beginning in 1932, originally using mechanical methods but later switching to herbicides, These efforts were discontinued in the 1960s.
284:(in some places measuring 2 metres (6.6 ft) thick), causing more peat to gather. Eventually, terrestrial plants take root in the floating islands as well.
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260:. Estimates of the total number of species vary, from 20 in 1949 to 19 aquatic and 71 semi-aquatic species in 1972. According to Soenarto Hardjosuwarno,
172:. It covers a total area of 2,500 to 2,670 hectares (25.0 to 26.7 km; 9.7 to 10.3 sq mi). It is shallow and swamplike, with muddy banks.
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Aquatic weeds in South East Asia : proceedings of a
Regional Seminar on Noxious Aquatic Vegetation, New Delhi, 12-17 December 1973
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Aquatic weeds in South East Asia : proceedings of a
Regional Seminar on Noxious Aquatic Vegetation, New Delhi, 12-17 December 1973
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587:"A Late Pleistocene and Holocene Sedimentary Record in Central Java and its Palaeoclimatic Significance"
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Sémah, Anne-Marie; Sémah, François; Moudrikah, Rachid; Fröhlich, François; Djubiantono, Tony (2004).
295:, Rawa Pening could become dry by 2021 due to increasing sedimentation. She reports a total rate of
593:. Modern quaternary research in Southeast Asia. Vol. 18. Leiden: A.A.Balkema. pp. 63–88.
649:"Aquatic Weed Problems in Indonesia, with Special Reference to the Construction of Man-Made Lakes"
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2,500 to 2,670 hectares (25.0 to 26.7 km; 9.7 to 10.3 sq mi)
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population to 20% by 2030. Other suggestions include the introduction of
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Numerous species of aquatic plants live in Rawa Pening, including
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policy. Several establishments, such as the tourist attraction
506:[Kampoeng Rawa Goes Against Planning for Rawapening].
531:[2030, Rawa Pening must be free of water hyacinths].
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To protect Rawa Pening, the local government has enacted a
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One of the major roles of Rawa Pening is as a source of
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Many species of aquatic plants are found at Rawa Pening
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is one of the main contributors to the formation of
136:(literally meaning 'Clear Swamp', from the Javanese
589:. In Keates, S.G.; Pasveer, Juliette Maria (eds.).
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552:[Rawa Pening Could Be Land in 10 Years].
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303:. As such, there are calls for a culling of the
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311:to control the plant population and the use of
651:. In Varshney, C. K.; Rzoska, Julian (eds.).
620:. In Varshney, C. K.; Rzoska, Julian (eds.).
504:"Kampoeng Rawa Salahi Peruntukkan Rawapening"
276:also contribute. The aquatic plants, such as
618:"Studies on Panicum Repens L. in West Java"
151:
548:Nugrahanti, Amanda Putri (15 March 2011).
268:in the lake, with M. Soerjani noting that
527:Nugrahanti, Amanda Putri (3 March 2011).
502:Herusansono, Winarto (20 December 2012).
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550:"Rawa Pening 10 Tahun Lagi Jadi Daratan"
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156:Rawa Pening is located in the volcanic
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616:Siregar, H.; Soemarwoto, Otto (1976).
572:. United Nations Environment Programme
529:"2030, Rawa Pening Bebas Eceng Gondok"
212:, with a power station located on the
624:. Hague: W. Junk. pp. 211–214.
315:as last resorts. The destruction of
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655:. Hague: W. Junk. pp. 63–78.
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381:Nugrahanti 2011, 2030 Rawa Pening
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591:Quaternary research in Indonesia
204:Fishing is common on Rawa Pening
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510:(in Indonesian). Archived from
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16:Lake in Central Java, Indonesia
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715:Landforms of Central Java
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152:Location and description
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647:Soerjani, M. (1976).
570:"Role of Rawa Pening"
289:Diponegoro University
257:Hydrilla verticillata
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245:Eichhornia crassipes
140:) is a lake in the
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33:Rawa Pening in 2008
251:Salvinia cucullata
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600:978-90-5809-674-6
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408:SĂ©mah et al. 2004
343:SĂ©mah et al. 2004
224:Plant infestation
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93:7.283°S 110.433°E
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512:the original
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495:Bibliography
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305:E. crassipes
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301:E. crassipes
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274:S. cucullata
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270:E. crassipes
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162:Central Java
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146:Central Java
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124:Surface area
576:1 September
560:1 September
539:1 September
164:, between
134:Rawa Pening
96: /
71:Coordinates
58:Rawa Pening
22:Rawa Pening
699:Categories
323:References
313:herbicides
309:grass carp
297:deposition
186:green belt
328:Footnotes
262:P. repens
115:Indonesia
671:21650665
640:21650665
609:61693775
293:Semarang
170:Salatiga
166:Ambarawa
84:110°26′E
176:History
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554:Kompas
533:Kompas
518:6 July
508:Kompas
254:, and
138:Bening
81:7°17′S
110:Basin
667:OCLC
657:ISBN
636:OCLC
626:ISBN
605:OCLC
595:ISBN
578:2011
562:2011
541:2011
520:2014
282:peat
272:and
196:Role
168:and
291:in
160:in
144:in
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Text is available under the Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike License. Additional terms may apply.
