155:
59:
214:.) This aim was achieved through Parliament, rather than the courts, with the Dissenters’ Chapels Act 1844. The government supported legislation, which did not reverse the original decision, in order to head off a predicted rush of litigation in hundreds of cases affected by the precedent. A figure of 25 years was established, after which the right of possession of a chapel could not be challenged on doctrinal grounds.
94:
conveyed to trustees a landed estate, of which the income was, after her death, to be devoted to benevolent objects, including the support of ‘poor and godly preachers for the time being of Christ's holy gospel.’ The benefactions were increased by a further deed (26 April 1707) and by her will (9
43:
history, and turning on the current beliefs of ministers who were supported by its funds. While the legal judgement went against the
Unitarians, the introduction of the Dissenters' Chapels Act 1844, which followed on the case, improved their position.
95:
July 1707, codicil 21 August 1710). The will was contested without result. Though the trustees were all
Presbyterian, grants were made to ministers of the ‘three denominations;’ in other words Congregationalists and Baptists were included.
130:
The outcome was that by a judgment of the House of Lords (5 August 1842) three
Congregationalists, three orthodox Presbyterians, and one Baptist were appointed trustees. The income of the trust was then £2,830.
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objected to this controlling influence, and they brought a lawsuit concerned with the enforcement of the terms of Lady Hewley's will in 1830; one of the topics in contention was the funding of
172:
An Act for the
Regulation of Suits relating to Meeting Houses and other Property held for religious Purposes by Persons dissenting from the United Church of England and Ireland.
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pressed for legislation. The immediate purpose was to have a retrospective element attached to the date (1813) on which
Unitarianism obtained legal tolerance as a belief. (See
412:
339:
387:
The
History of the Litigation and Legislation Respecting Presbyterian Chapels and Charities in England and Ireland between 1816 and 1849
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commitment was necessary, from those with benefits from the endowments. This judgment was then twice appealed, but was upheld by the
78:. In 1705 she created the Hewley Trust. She died in 1710. Portraits of Sir John Hewley and his wife are preserved in the vestry of
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By the end of the eighteenth century all the trustees and a majority of the
Presbyterian recipients were Unitarian.
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over which litigation was already active. Despite extensive opposition from religious groups the bill passed.
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The trust was later at the centre of a 12-year legal suit in the nineteenth century, noted in
422:
167:
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8:
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29:
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Sarah
Wolrych was born in 1627 and she had money from her mother before she married
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70:. As his widow, Sarah spent large sums in works of charity. In 1700 she built
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25:
21:
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As a direct consequence of the legal ruling, a group including
326:. Victoria County History, London. 1961. Schools and colleges.
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and funded charity schools founded at York by
Archbishop
397:
Dame Sarah's Legacy: A History of the Lady Hewley Trust
36:
ministers, at the beginning of the eighteenth century.
115:. The initial legal ruling sustained the view that a
337:Pease-Watkin, Catherine. "Field, Edwin Wilkins".
323:A History of the County of York: the City of York
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413:Christian charities based in the United Kingdom
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291:. Vol. 26. London: Smith, Elder & Co.
343:(online ed.). Oxford University Press.
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218:added a clause to protect two chapels in
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340:Oxford Dictionary of National Biography
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244:The Association of Charity Officers
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309:The Victorian Church I: 1829-1859
288:Dictionary of National Biography
212:Doctrine of the Trinity Act 1813
160:Parliament of the United Kingdom
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143:Nonconformists Chapels Act 1844
418:1705 establishments in England
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330:
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24:'s charity to support English
1:
399:. Chester: Lady Hewley Trust
357:UK public library membership
135:Dissenters' Chapels Act 1844
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139:United Kingdom legislation
123:in 1836; and again by the
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20:, now a charity, began as
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72:Lady Hewley's Almshouses
395:Richard Potts (2005),
80:St. Saviourgate Chapel
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349:10.1093/ref:odnb/9382
282:"Hewley, Sarah"
90:On 13 January 1704–5
61:
389:, from p. 120.
240:"Lady Hewley Trust"
208:Edwin Wilkins Field
144:
99:Unitarian influence
383:Thomas Smith James
142:
113:Manchester Academy
92:Sarah, Lady Hewley
64:
48:Sarah, Lady Hewley
22:Sarah, Lady Hewley
369:Chadwick, p. 394.
355:(Subscription or
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148:Act of Parliament
30:Congregationalist
18:Lady Hewley Trust
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250:on 24 July 2011.
246:. Archived from
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377:Further reading
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311:(1971), p. 393.
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279:, eds. (1891).
273:Stephen, Leslie
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216:Baron Cottenham
183:7 & 8 Vict.
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121:Lord Chancellor
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125:House of Lords
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52:Main article:
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423:Unitarianism
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391:Google Books
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248:the original
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200:19 July 1844
196:Royal assent
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105:Independents
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62:Sarah Hewley
54:Sarah Hewley
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26:Presbyterian
17:
15:
277:Lee, Sidney
117:Trinitarian
68:John Hewley
407:Categories
359:required.)
168:Long title
109:Manchester
76:John Sharp
127:in 1842.
86:The Trust
41:Unitarian
385:(1867),
178:Citation
34:Baptist
353:
220:Dublin
226:Notes
190:Dates
185:c. 45
107:from
32:and
16:The
345:doi
82:.
409::
307:,
297:^
285:.
275:;
256:^
242:.
28:,
351:.
347::
Text is available under the Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike License. Additional terms may apply.
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