1421:
1574:
1342:", a ritual also performed by Indian rulers of the past. This ritual required a horse released to his land. The footsteps of the freely roaming horse were taken as evidence that this land belonged to his kingdom. Mulawarman was also known for his tribute of gold to his God. The name of his kingdom is not mentioned on the inscriptions nor do any other documents in other countries relate to a kingdom at this time in this region. It is not known what became of the kingdom after these pillars had been erected. It may be possible that the name Kutai, as in Tuñjung Kute of the 1365 Javanese
83:
25:
1354:
1388:
1073:
1184:
32:
1226:
and is one of the earliest kingdoms in
Indonesian history. Muara Kaman district which is currently one of the many districts in Kutai Kartanegara Regency is proven to be the place where the capital of the kingdom once stood, it is proven by an ancient remnant of a
1337:
which received alms from
Mulavarman. While nothing of the military actions of his two predecessors is known, Raja MĆ«lawarman is stated to have conquered his neighbors in battle. He is also said to have increased the land of Kutai by a Vedic ritual known as the
1561:) in Tenggarong but administratively, the governance is conducted by the regional government of the Republic of Indonesia, not the sultanate. The Sultan holds an honorary status in Kutai and is highly respected by Kutai people. During the festival of
1417:, who was thought to have ruled from 1300 to 1325. Aji Pangeran Sinum Panji Mendapa, who ruled 1635â1650, was able to conquer the kingdom of Kutai Martadipura and merged the two realms thus becoming "Kutai Kartanegara Ing Martadipura".
1266:. The style of the script has been dated to the last half the 4th century. It is believed these religions were brought to Indonesia around the 2nd and 4th centuries, respectively, when Indian traders arrived on the islands of
1311:) and it was his son AĆwawarman that adopted the Hinduistic belief. The origin of Kudungga has long been debated, some sources also argue that he was of Indian origin, presumably a descendant from the royalty of the
1420:
1168:
2372:
1159:. The Kutai Martadipura Kingdom (399â1635) was the earliest Hindu kingdom in the East Indies. It was later succeeded by the Muslim sultanate of Kutai Kartanegara (1300â1844).
1414:
1483:
1449:
1573:
1506:
1880:
1622:
783:
1715:
1531:
On 4 October 1999, the territory once belonging to the
Sultanate of Kutai Kartanegara, until then composing the single Kutai Regency, was divided between the
2455:
1307:). As the name "Kuáčážungga" does not seem to be a name of Sanskrit-Hinduistic origin while the other two are, it is presumed he was a leader of local origin (
1695:
1565:, he will be the guest of honour accompanied by the local government officials such as the governor of East Kalimantan and the Regent of Kutai Kartanegara.
1557:) and forms a part of East Kalimantan|East Kalimantan. Meanwhile, the position of Sultan of Kutai Kartanegara still exists and resides in the Kutai Palace (
2438:
1908:
1476:
1461:
1457:
2334:
1327:, with several inscriptions similar to what is found in Kutai were found in Sulawesi. During the reign of King MĆ«lawarman, he is the one who let the
763:
1845:
Chhabra, B.Ch. 1965 Expansion of Indo-Aryan culture during
Pallava rule (as evidenced by inscriptions). Delhi: Munshi Ram Manohar Lal. 50â52, 85â92;
1875:
1465:
1491:
743:
1848:
Casparis, J.G. de 1975 Indonesian palaeography: a history of writing in
Indonesia from the beginning to c. A.D. 1500. Leiden: E.J. Brill. 14â18
1495:
1101:
1842:
Vogel, J.Ph. 1918 The yƫpa inscriptions of King Mƫlavarman from Koetei (East Borneo). Bijdragen tot de Taal-, Land- en
Volkenkunde 74:216â218.
1391:
The golden crown of Kutai Sultan, part of the regalia of Kutai
Kartanegara Sultanate. Collection of the National Museum of Indonesia, Jakarta.
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24:
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which accompanies their own rich history. Today, the name is preserved in the names of three regencies in
2550:
897:
1424:
Portrait of the Crown
Princess of Kutai, wife of the later Sultan Ali Muhammad Alimuddin, in bridal wear
2059:
1520:
1126:
852:
1547:; on 14 December 2012 the western districts of West Kutai Regency were split off to create a separate
1512:
The
Japanese invaded the region in 1942 and acknowledged a "Kooti Kingdom", that was a subject of the
1135:'the Kutai people'), with a total population around 300,000, who have their own language known as the
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1370:
1223:
1144:
1003:
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to the north, and other languages spoken in coastal east Borneo. This language belongs to the .
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99:
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immigrated to Kutai on neighboring Borneo and the ruler of Kutai allowed them to settle in
935:
698:
661:
614:
544:
514:
484:
454:
71:
1475:
Islam took hold in the region since the 17th century (most of the Bugis were
Muslims) and
8:
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2271:
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1865:
1816:
1516:. In 1945 Kutai joined, along with its neighbours, into the East Kalimantan federation.
1281:
The names of three rulers are known from the inscriptions. The first ruler mentioned is
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2314:
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1938:
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1608:
1536:
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1136:
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604:
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247:
1587:
is the ethnic group which their ancestors are believed to be descendants of the Dayak
82:
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2184:
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2123:
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793:
773:
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129:
1860:
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2159:
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1963:
1077:
953:
708:
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524:
217:
1658:
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1988:
1978:
1699:
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1347:
1208:
1140:
1118:
948:
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257:
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2357:
2149:
2108:
1983:
1968:
1948:
1312:
1255:
1167:
624:
594:
474:
297:
227:
1870:
1591:
that have already embraced Islam and currently live on the banks of the great
1350:" is as ancient and reflects the original name used a thousand years earlier.
2544:
2008:
1943:
1886:
1744:. Embassy of Republic of Indonesia at Bangkok, Thailand. 2006. Archived from
1592:
1251:
1156:
277:
2352:
2013:
1308:
267:
197:
160:
1353:
1319:
not in the coastal areas, while others argued that the name is similar to
2266:
2261:
2154:
2098:
1626:
1387:
1250:('sacrificial posts'), have been found in Kutai, Kaman Estuary, near the
384:
307:
109:
2382:
2309:
2228:
1998:
1540:
1339:
1298:
327:
1405:) was established around the end of the 13th century in the region of
2133:
2003:
1973:
1958:
1469:
1343:
1155:
with the major river flowing in the heart of the region known as the
337:
287:
237:
140:
2400:
2395:
2296:
2128:
1953:
1505:'s expedition and attempt to settle, the Dutch defeated the sultan
1437:
1433:
1366:
1334:
1282:
1275:
1263:
1228:
119:
1665:. Translated by Brown Cowing, Susan. University of Hawaiʻi Press.
1479:, ruling 1732â1739?, was the first ruler to have an Islamic name.
1183:
2405:
2103:
2083:
1544:
1267:
1259:
1117:
is a historical region in what is now the Indonesian province of
207:
2415:
2410:
2118:
1551:. Each regency was and is headed by a regent (known locally as
1468:. This settlement eventually developed into the modern town of
1316:
1315:, as Dayak people back then lived in the inner jungle parts of
1193:
with inscription in the National Museum of Indonesia in Jakarta
1122:
317:
50:
1788:
Marwati Djoened Poesponegoro & nugroho notosusanto, 1993.
1595:, East Kalimantan. They are native to the city of Tenggarong,
2390:
2324:
2113:
1513:
1441:
1320:
1333:
inscriptions be made, and it was believed to be made by the
1291:), his son AĆwawarman, styled the 'founder of the dynasty' (
1207:) is a 4th-century Hindu kingdom located in the Kutai area,
2319:
1923:
1562:
1509:, forced him into exile, and took direct control of Kutai.
1445:
1271:
1494:. The name of the capital city eventually developed from
1357:
The Lesong Batu megalith, located in Muara Kaman district
1374:
1328:
1302:
1292:
1286:
1245:
1237:
1188:
1172:
16:
Historical region in modern East Kalimantan, Indonesia
1768:"Silsilah Kemashuran Sang Maharaja Kutai Mulawarman"
1244:
during the 4th century. The seven stone pillars, or
1297:) and grandson of the first and son of the later,
1382:
2542:
1582:
1552:
1400:
1202:
1130:
1782:
1254:. The plinths bear an inscription in the Indic
1916:
1883:, a traditional yearly Kutai culture festival.
1688:
1686:
1684:
1682:
1613:The traditional language of the region is the
1902:
1095:
1710:
1708:
1448:. Some of the Bugis under the leadership of
1402:Kesultanan Kutai Kertanegara ing Martadipura
1211:. Its capital is believed to be the current
1162:
1679:
1909:
1895:
1599:, the West and the East Kutai regencies.
1526:
1102:
1088:
1705:
1235:, believed to have been used to make the
1572:
1419:
1386:
1352:
1182:
1166:
1663:The Indianized States of Southeast Asia
1543:regencies, and the independent city of
1413:. The first known ruler is known to be
1369:stone located in Muara Kaman district,
2543:
1657:
1581:The Kutai people, or known locally as
1125:. The region shares its name with the
1890:
1801:
1651:
1379:inscriptions during the 4th century.
1373:believed to be the remnants to make
1804:The Territories of Indonesia (2004)
1498:to its present form of Tenggarong.
49:Location of Kutai on the island of
13:
2566:Hindu Buddhist states in Indonesia
1519:In 1949, Kutai became part of the
1501:In 1844, following the repulse of
14:
2587:
1861:Explanation of the Kutai Kingdoms
1854:
1716:"The Earliest Indic State: Kutai"
1661:(1968). Vella, Walter F. (ed.).
1071:
81:
30:
23:
2561:Precolonial states of Indonesia
1568:
1486:moved the capital in 1782 from
1440:leading to the downfall of the
1822:
1810:
1795:
1760:
1742:"The Period of Hindu Kingdoms"
1734:
1383:Sultanate of Kutai Kartanegara
784:French and British interregnum
1:
1790:Sejarah nasional Indonesia II
1644:
1399:(1300â1844; locally known as
31:
1301:called the 'lord of kings' (
1201:(399â1635; locally known as
1179:of Mulawarman, king of Kutai
672:Kingdom of Bolaang Mongondow
7:
1632:
1602:
1415:Aji Batara Agung Dewa Sakti
1397:Kutai Kartanegara Sultanate
1375:
1329:
1303:
1293:
1287:
1246:
1238:
1189:
1173:
179:Hindu and Buddhist kingdoms
10:
2592:
2571:Ethnic groups in Indonesia
2556:Former countries in Borneo
1917:Former states in Indonesia
1606:
1521:United States of Indonesia
1204:Kerajaan Kutai Martadipura
853:United States of Indonesia
690:Chinese Kongsi federations
2513:
2424:
2381:
2343:
2295:
2227:
2142:
2091:
2082:
2022:
1931:
1922:
1866:Example of Kutai language
1597:Kutai Kartanegara Regency
1371:Kutai Kartanegara Regency
1258:, reading "a gift to the
1224:Kutai Kartanegara Regency
1199:Kutai Martadipura Kingdom
1163:Kutai Martadipura Kingdom
1145:Kutai Kartanegara Regency
1004:Javanese historical texts
1876:The Museum of Mulawarman
1484:Aji Muhammad Muslihuddin
1430:Dutch East India Company
1129:of the region (known as
764:Dutch East India Company
405:Samudera Pasai Sultanate
1881:Description of the Erau
1871:Kutai traditional music
1792:. Balai pustaka:Jakarta
1527:Contemporary governance
1450:Lamohang Daeng Mangkona
1143:province which are the
1819:report for Local Malay
1770:. Warta Ekspress. 2016
1583:
1578:
1553:
1507:Aji Muhammad Salehudin
1425:
1401:
1392:
1358:
1203:
1194:
1180:
1131:
815:Emergence of Indonesia
1831:on www.ethnologue.com
1623:Kota Bangun Kutainese
1576:
1423:
1390:
1356:
1285:, the 'lord of men' (
1186:
1170:
870:Republic of Indonesia
736:European colonization
635:Riau-Lingga Sultanate
2345:Lesser Sunda Islands
1698:3 March 2016 at the
1503:James Erskine Murray
1222:district located in
1078:Indonesia portal
699:Heshun Confederation
615:Yogyakarta Sultanate
545:Kalinyamat Sultanate
515:Sultanate of Jailolo
485:Sultanate of Ternate
198:Tarumanagara Kingdom
46:class=notpageimage|
1722:on 25 December 2013
1639:Kutai National Park
1549:Mahakam Ulu Regency
1482:After a civil war,
1127:native ethnic group
843:National Revolution
833:Japanese occupation
719:Santiaogou Republic
585:Palembang Sultanate
505:Sultanate of Tidore
375:Peureulak Sultanate
308:Dharmasraya Kingdom
2551:Historical regions
1839:Kutai Martadipura
1748:on 7 November 2006
1615:Kutainese language
1609:Kutainese language
1579:
1477:Aji Muhammad Idris
1462:Karang Mumus River
1426:
1393:
1359:
1195:
1181:
1153:East Kutai Regency
1149:West Kutai Regency
1137:Kutainese language
922:1998–present
823:National Awakening
653:Christian kingdoms
619:1755–present
609:1745–present
605:Surakarta Sunanate
575:Kingdom of Kaimana
529:1526–present
495:Sultanate of Bacan
415:Pagaruyung Kingdom
356:Islamic sultanates
248:Shailendra Dynasty
2536:
2535:
2223:
2222:
2078:
2077:
1672:978-0-8248-0368-1
1533:Kutai Kartanegara
1436:on the island of
1121:on the island of
1112:
1111:
926:
925:
878:Liberal democracy
861:
860:
806:
805:
794:Dutch East Indies
727:
726:
680:
679:
662:Larantuka Kingdom
643:
642:
555:Mataram Sultanate
455:Cirebon Sultanate
435:Malacca Sultanate
395:Ternate Sultanate
346:
345:
328:Singhasari Empire
322:1000s–1300s
288:Kahuripan Kingdom
169:
168:
2583:
2486:
2469:
2452:
2373:Solor Watan Lema
2257:Lanfang Republic
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2088:
1929:
1928:
1911:
1904:
1897:
1888:
1887:
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1826:
1820:
1814:
1808:
1807:
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1775:
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1758:
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1753:
1738:
1732:
1731:
1729:
1727:
1718:. Archived from
1712:
1703:
1702:on Melayu Online
1690:
1677:
1676:
1655:
1586:
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1458:Kampung Melantai
1404:
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1290:
1249:
1241:
1221:
1206:
1192:
1178:
1134:
1104:
1097:
1090:
1076:
1075:
1074:
888:Guided Democracy
874:
873:
819:
818:
740:
739:
709:Lanfang Republic
695:
694:
658:
657:
579:1600s–1926
569:1528s–1877
535:Banjar Sultanate
525:Banten Sultanate
509:1500s–1967
425:Brunei Sultanate
361:
360:
338:Majapahit Empire
238:Srivijaya Empire
218:Kalingga Kingdom
184:
183:
151:Toba catastrophe
134:94,000â12,000 BP
105:
104:
85:
75:
57:
56:
34:
33:
27:
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1700:Wayback Machine
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1589:Ot Danum people
1571:
1529:
1464:, now known as
1385:
1348:Nagarakretagama
1231:stone known as
1215:
1209:East Kalimantan
1165:
1141:East Kalimantan
1119:East Kalimantan
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857:1949–1950
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827:1908–1942
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801:1945–1949
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799:1800–1942
788:1806–1816
778:1685–1824
768:1602–1799
758:1521–1677
748:1512–1850
737:
729:
728:
723:1777–1853
713:1777–1884
703:1776–1854
692:
682:
681:
655:
645:
644:
639:1824–1911
629:1814–1946
599:1725–1946
589:1659–1823
565:Johor Sultanate
559:1586–1755
549:1527–1599
539:1526–1863
519:1496–1903
499:1515–1946
489:1486–1914
479:1496–1903
469:1475–1554
465:Demak Sultanate
459:1445–1677
449:1405–1851
439:1400–1511
429:1368–1888
419:1347–1833
409:1267–1521
399:1257–1914
389:1225–1613
365:Spread of Islam
358:
348:
347:
342:1293–1527
332:1222–1292
312:1183–1347
302:1045–1221
292:1019–1045
258:Mataram Kingdom
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2092:Hindu/Buddhist
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1932:Hindu/Buddhist
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1646:
1643:
1642:
1641:
1634:
1631:
1621:to the south,
1607:Main article:
1604:
1601:
1570:
1567:
1528:
1525:
1466:Kampung Selili
1384:
1381:
1313:Magadha period
1256:Pallava script
1164:
1161:
1110:
1109:
1107:
1106:
1099:
1092:
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1080:
1067:
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1038:
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986:
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667:
664:
656:
651:
650:
647:
646:
641:
640:
637:
631:
630:
627:
625:Deli Sultanate
621:
620:
617:
611:
610:
607:
601:
600:
597:
595:Siak Sultanate
591:
590:
587:
581:
580:
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561:
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557:
551:
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547:
541:
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511:
510:
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501:
500:
497:
491:
490:
487:
481:
480:
477:
475:Aceh Sultanate
471:
470:
467:
461:
460:
457:
451:
450:
447:
445:Sulu Sultanate
441:
440:
437:
431:
430:
427:
421:
420:
417:
411:
410:
407:
401:
400:
397:
391:
390:
387:
381:
380:
379:840–1292
377:
371:
370:
369:800–1600
367:
359:
354:
353:
350:
349:
344:
343:
340:
334:
333:
330:
324:
323:
320:
318:Pannai Kingdom
314:
313:
310:
304:
303:
300:
298:Kediri Kingdom
294:
293:
290:
284:
283:
282:932–1579
280:
274:
273:
272:914–1908
270:
264:
263:
262:716–1016
260:
254:
253:
250:
244:
243:
240:
234:
233:
230:
228:Melayu Kingdom
224:
223:
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214:
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177:
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29:
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22:
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15:
9:
6:
4:
3:
2:
2588:
2577:
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2569:
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2176:
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2135:
2132:
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2110:
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2105:
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2038:
2036:
2033:
2031:
2028:
2027:
2025:
2021:
2015:
2012:
2010:
2007:
2005:
2002:
2000:
1997:
1995:
1992:
1990:
1987:
1985:
1982:
1980:
1977:
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1967:
1965:
1962:
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1769:
1763:
1747:
1743:
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1721:
1717:
1711:
1709:
1701:
1697:
1694:
1693:Kutai Kingdom
1689:
1687:
1685:
1683:
1674:
1668:
1664:
1660:
1654:
1650:
1640:
1637:
1636:
1630:
1628:
1625:to the west,
1624:
1620:
1616:
1610:
1600:
1598:
1594:
1593:Mahakam River
1590:
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1566:
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1534:
1524:
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1499:
1497:
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1492:Tepian Pandan
1489:
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1478:
1473:
1471:
1467:
1463:
1459:
1455:
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1447:
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1428:In 1667, the
1422:
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1252:Mahakam River
1248:
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1234:
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1219:
1214:
1210:
1205:
1200:
1191:
1185:
1177:
1176:
1169:
1160:
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1157:Mahakam River
1154:
1150:
1146:
1142:
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1133:
1128:
1124:
1120:
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623:
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608:
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598:
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576:
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572:
568:
566:
563:
562:
558:
556:
553:
552:
548:
546:
543:
542:
538:
536:
533:
532:
528:
526:
523:
522:
518:
516:
513:
512:
508:
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503:
502:
498:
496:
493:
492:
488:
486:
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482:
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468:
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462:
458:
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452:
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442:
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388:
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378:
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311:
309:
306:
305:
301:
299:
296:
295:
291:
289:
286:
285:
281:
279:
278:Sunda Kingdom
276:
275:
271:
269:
266:
265:
261:
259:
256:
255:
251:
249:
246:
245:
241:
239:
236:
235:
231:
229:
226:
225:
221:
219:
216:
215:
211:
209:
206:
205:
201:
199:
196:
195:
191:
189:
188:Kutai Kingdom
186:
185:
180:
175:
174:
164:
162:
159:
158:
154:
152:
149:
148:
145:
143:
142:
138:
137:
133:
131:
128:
127:
123:
121:
118:
117:
114:
112:
111:
107:
106:
101:
96:
95:
92:
89:
88:
84:
80:
79:
76:
70:
69:
64:
59:
58:
52:
47:
26:
19:
2576:Hindu states
2538:
2473:South Maluku
2251:
2014:Tarumanagara
1829:Language Map
1824:
1812:
1803:
1797:
1789:
1784:
1774:27 September
1772:. Retrieved
1762:
1750:. Retrieved
1746:the original
1736:
1724:. Retrieved
1720:the original
1662:
1653:
1612:
1580:
1577:Kutai people
1569:Kutai people
1558:
1530:
1518:
1511:
1500:
1496:Tangga Arung
1481:
1474:
1427:
1396:
1394:
1360:
1324:
1309:Dayak people
1280:
1262:priests" in
1242:inscriptions
1198:
1196:
1114:
1113:
1060:
1019:Christianity
268:Bali Kingdom
187:
161:Buni culture
139:
124:1,000,000 BP
108:
18:
2481: [
2464: [
2461:Negeri Soya
2447: [
2287:Tanjungpura
2267:Negara Daha
2262:Negara Dipa
2200:Riau-Lingga
2099:Dharmasraya
1802:Iem Brown.
1627:Berau Malay
1584:Urang Kutai
1444:Kingdom of
1407:Tepian Batu
1363:Lesong Batu
1294:vaáčĆa-kartáč
1233:Lesong Batu
1216: [
1213:Muara Kaman
1171:An ancient
1132:Urang Kutai
984:Archaeology
979:Agriculture
385:Aru Kingdom
110:Paleolithic
72:History of
2545:Categories
2478:Tanah Hitu
2383:West Timor
2229:Kalimantan
2195:Pagaruyung
2070:Yogyakarta
2045:Kalinyamat
1999:Singhasari
1994:Shailendra
1939:Blambangan
1817:Ethnologue
1752:17 October
1645:References
1617:, such as
1541:West Kutai
1537:East Kutai
1488:Pemarangan
1460:along the
1411:Kutai Lama
1340:Ashvamedha
1299:Mulavarman
1041:Mass media
918:Reform era
898:Transition
744:Portuguese
130:Flores Man
100:Prehistory
2363:Larantuka
2272:Pontianak
2190:Palembang
2134:Srivijaya
2124:Samaskuta
2065:Surakarta
2004:Srivijaya
1974:Majapahit
1959:Kahuripan
1619:Banjarese
1470:Samarinda
1454:Pua Ado I
1432:attacked
1344:Majapahit
999:Education
908:New Order
676:1670â1950
666:1515â1904
252:600sâ900s
242:600sâ1025
232:600sâ1347
222:500sâ600s
212:400s-500s
202:400sâ500s
155:75,000 BP
141:Neolithic
74:Indonesia
2528:Salawati
2401:Amanuban
2396:Amanatun
2297:Sulawesi
2247:Bulungan
2129:Sanfotsi
1964:Kalingga
1954:Janggala
1696:Archived
1633:See also
1603:Language
1438:Sulawesi
1434:Makassar
1367:megalith
1335:Brahmins
1325:Kadungga
1323:name of
1304:rÄjendra
1288:narendra
1283:Kudungga
1276:Sulawesi
1264:Sanskrit
1229:megalith
1046:Military
1024:Hinduism
1014:Buddhism
1009:Religion
989:Currency
972:By topic
192:350â1605
120:Java Man
91:Timeline
63:a series
61:Part of
2523:Kaimana
2500:Jailolo
2490:Ternate
2444:Huamual
2439:Honimoa
2406:Amarasi
2330:Banggai
2282:Sarawak
2210:Serdang
2185:Malacca
2180:Langkat
2143:Islamic
2104:Kantoli
2084:Sumatra
2050:Mataram
2035:Cirebon
2023:Islamic
1989:Sanjaya
1979:Mataram
1726:18 July
1559:Kedaton
1545:Bontang
1268:Sumatra
1260:Brahmin
1034:Judaism
994:Economy
959:Bandung
944:Jakarta
936:Regions
774:British
754:Spanish
208:Kantoli
165:400 BCE
2495:Tidore
2456:Loloda
2426:Maluku
2416:Wehali
2411:Sonbai
2368:Mengwi
2277:Sambas
2242:Brunei
2237:Banjar
2160:Asahan
2119:Pannai
2109:Malayu
2055:Pajang
2030:Banten
1984:Rajasa
1969:Kediri
1949:Ishana
1669:
1554:Bupati
1346:poem "
1317:Borneo
1147:, the
1123:Borneo
65:on the
51:Borneo
2515:Papua
2505:Bacan
2485:]
2468:]
2451:]
2391:Amabi
2315:Buton
2252:Kutai
2175:Johor
2170:Jambi
2114:Mauli
2040:Demak
2009:Sunda
1944:Galuh
1514:Tenno
1442:Bugis
1365:is a
1321:Bugis
1220:]
1115:Kutai
1056:Women
1051:Sport
1029:Islam
954:Bogor
38:Kutai
2358:Bima
2353:Bali
2335:Suai
2325:Wajo
2320:Luwu
2310:Bone
2305:Gowa
2215:Siak
2165:Deli
2150:Aceh
1924:Java
1776:2017
1754:2006
1728:2008
1667:ISBN
1563:Erau
1539:and
1446:Gowa
1395:The
1376:yƫpa
1361:The
1330:yƫpa
1274:and
1272:Java
1247:yƫpa
1239:yƫpa
1197:The
1190:yƫpa
1175:yƫpa
1151:and
949:Bali
2434:Iha
2155:Aru
1490:to
1452:or
1409:or
2547::
2483:id
2466:id
2449:id
1707:^
1681:^
1535:,
1523:.
1472:.
1278:.
1270:,
1218:id
1187:A
1910:e
1903:t
1896:v
1806:.
1778:.
1756:.
1730:.
1675:.
1338:"
1103:e
1096:t
1089:v
Text is available under the Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike License. Additional terms may apply.