Knowledge

Kratul

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has been used. The walls' width goes up to 3.35 m while the height is 2.55 m. Three gates which served for communication have been identified. Two of them are across each other respectively on the north and south side, while the third one is on the east side. From a typological point of view the
186:. The fortification wall encloses an elliptical shape area (which is uncommon among other fortifications but adopts well to the terrain) and covers about 0.5 ha. The wall was built using large blocks on both curtains, while the core is filled with smaller stones. The blocks are unworked and no 203:
The Kratul fortification ruins are situated on the hill with the same name, at an altitude of 143 metres (469 ft) above sea level. They lie over the nowadays village of Boks, part of the municipal unit of
195:, although there are substantial changes in plan such as towers and the regular elliptic shape, which make it an interesting site. So far, there have been no trace of houses found inside the settlement. 333:
Fabre, Georges; Lamboley, Jean-Luc; Roddaz, Jean-Michel; Tassaux, Francis (1987). "Dix ans de recherches (1975-1985) sur l'Adriatique antique IIIe siècle av. J.-C., IIe siècle ap. J.-C".
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Fistani, Frederik (1983). "Vendbanimi i fortifikuar ilir i Kratulit / L'agglomération fortifiée illyrienne de Kratul" [The fortified Illyrian settlement of Kratul].
2200: 1329: 1078: 1038: 2185: 212:. On the plain south of the village's outskirts, near the left banks of Kir river, are located 160 tumuli of Shtoj, which date back to the early 1299: 1287: 174:(beginning of 1st millennium BC) until the 1st century AD. In the modern era it is the name of a city situated in Albania, north of Boks. 163: 1222: 2195: 1412: 80: 2122: 1633: 418: 397: 2205: 2175: 1980: 2117: 2090: 2210: 1401: 2190: 2131: 2104: 1782: 1663: 1638: 1550: 1024: 872: 233: 182:
Kratul fortification represents a good example that sheds light on the typology of military architecture among
30: 1854: 1320: 2144: 1932: 792: 1794: 1777: 1195: 732: 2010: 2005: 1746: 707: 1157: 2180: 1995: 1990: 737: 1844: 2073: 2000: 1817: 390: 2085: 1799: 1684: 1580: 170:. The archaeological material indicates that life at the settlement was active from the early 1849: 1702: 1575: 1542: 807: 777: 742: 1970: 1871: 652: 8: 1965: 1822: 1068: 987: 882: 832: 767: 747: 702: 2154: 1837: 1565: 1473: 827: 762: 383: 321: 313: 1650: 1453: 192: 2112: 2078: 2045: 2025: 1952: 1927: 1861: 1804: 1769: 1692: 1613: 1608: 1132: 927: 887: 862: 697: 657: 325: 1489: 209: 2040: 1960: 1832: 1765: 1625: 1570: 1555: 1443: 1360: 1185: 1164: 1004: 842: 647: 604: 363: 342: 305: 187: 2015: 1909: 1904: 1827: 1809: 1787: 1598: 1389: 1372: 1366: 1325: 1259: 1242: 431: 2035: 2030: 1585: 1206: 1200: 1083: 952: 752: 547: 297: 1655: 2169: 1899: 1560: 947: 907: 468: 95: 82: 1645: 367: 1944: 1712: 1590: 1495: 1340: 917: 902: 346: 1526: 1531: 1137: 1063: 1048: 897: 852: 727: 692: 498: 458: 261: 205: 2068: 1719: 1707: 1620: 1458: 1043: 994: 977: 772: 722: 594: 577: 572: 537: 478: 463: 221: 213: 1729: 1468: 317: 217: 57: 1418: 1377: 1212: 1169: 1147: 1058: 1009: 867: 817: 682: 624: 619: 614: 562: 493: 446: 406: 183: 159: 1428: 1216: 2020: 1751: 1724: 1520: 1478: 1383: 1350: 1232: 1227: 1190: 1142: 1115: 1098: 1093: 972: 937: 912: 857: 847: 812: 797: 712: 687: 677: 672: 609: 599: 567: 530: 508: 503: 483: 473: 451: 436: 309: 171: 167: 1280: 1276: 1088: 216:. Kratul itself is 8 kilometres (5.0 mi) to the northeast of 2050: 1881: 1697: 1668: 1510: 1463: 1448: 1406: 1355: 1315: 1264: 1152: 1053: 1019: 999: 982: 968: 877: 822: 802: 589: 557: 552: 542: 525: 520: 515: 441: 426: 68: 304:(38). The Society for the Promotion of Hellenic Studies: 71–88. 1886: 1876: 1866: 1739: 1734: 1603: 1515: 1505: 1500: 1483: 1438: 1423: 1345: 1310: 1237: 1180: 1174: 1127: 1121: 1073: 942: 922: 892: 837: 782: 757: 717: 667: 662: 584: 488: 162:
settlement and fortification located in the territories of the
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city center and only 600 metres (2,000 ft) north of
273: 2167: 335:MĂ©langes de l'École française de Rome: AntiquitĂ© 391: 300:(1991). "Archaeology in Albania 1984-1990". 191:Kratul fortification is similar to that of 2201:Buildings and structures in ShkodĂ«r County 398: 384: 353: 255: 2186:Former populated places in the Balkans 2168: 296: 279: 16:Ancient Illyrian settlement in Albania 379: 13: 14: 2222: 2091:Prehistory of Southeastern Europe 2150: 2149: 177: 36: 29: 2196:Archaeological sites in Albania 289: 1664:Albanian traditional tattooing 1551:Central Bosnian cultural group 234:List of settlements in Illyria 37: 1: 1855:Battle of Dyrrhachium (48 BC) 405: 239: 7: 1783:Alexander's Balkan campaign 1778:Illyrian invasion of Epirus 227: 198: 10: 2227: 2206:Fortifications in Albania 2176:Cities in ancient Illyria 2140: 2103: 2061: 1943: 1920: 1764: 1683: 1541: 1018: 961: 640: 417: 413: 145: 140: 132: 124: 119: 111: 74: 64: 53: 24: 2074:Origin of the Albanians 1795:Dardanian–Bastarnic war 368:10.3406/iliri.1983.1813 224:, a cultural monument. 2211:Archaeology of Illyria 2086:History of the Balkans 1800:Invasions of Epidamnus 1685:Religion and mythology 347:10.3406/mefr.1987.1547 302:Archaeological Reports 2191:Illyrian architecture 1810:Roman-Macedonian wars 1576:Glasinac-Mati culture 1213:Dyrrhachium/Epidamnus 808:Glaucias of Taulantii 778:Eleutherius and Antia 743:Constantine the Great 96:42.12278°N 19.57500°E 1845:Roman–Dalmatian wars 1586:Monte Saraceno woman 653:Anastasius I Dicorus 45:Shown within Albania 1933:Proposed vocabulary 1581:GradistĂ« belt-plate 883:Peter the Patrician 833:Irenaeus of Sirmium 768:Demetrius of Pharos 748:Constantius Chlorus 703:Bato the Daesitiate 258:, pp. 109–118. 128:Iron Age, Classical 92: /  21: 1850:Caesar's civil war 1484:Tragurion (Trogir) 1084:Aspalathos (Split) 1025:cities/settlements 962:Political entities 828:Gratianus Funarius 101:42.12278; 19.57500 19: 2163: 2162: 2099: 2098: 2079:Albanian paganism 2046:Pannonia Superior 2026:Pannonia Inferior 1953:Illyrian emperors 1805:Illyro-Roman Wars 1252:Iader or Idassa ( 863:Marcellinus Comes 698:Bato the Breucian 658:Artas of Messapia 268:Fabre et al. 1987 153: 152: 2218: 2181:Illyrian Albania 2153: 2152: 2041:Pannonia Secunda 1646:Trebeništa masks 1626:Spectacle brooch 1469:Scodra (ShkodĂ«r) 1449:Scampa (Elbasan) 1165:Dardana Fortress 1034:Acruvium (Kotor) 1005:Illyrian kingdom 415: 414: 400: 393: 386: 377: 376: 371: 350: 329: 283: 277: 271: 265: 259: 253: 107: 106: 104: 103: 102: 97: 93: 90: 89: 88: 85: 40: 39: 33: 22: 18: 2226: 2225: 2221: 2220: 2219: 2217: 2216: 2215: 2166: 2165: 2164: 2159: 2136: 2123:Illyrian tribes 2095: 2057: 2016:Moesia Superior 1939: 1916: 1867:Desilo shipyard 1788:Siege of Pelium 1760: 1679: 1651:VaÄŤe Belt-Plate 1639:Selca e Poshtme 1537: 1454:SelcĂ« e Poshtme 1243:Hedum castellum 1177:(Lower Neretva) 1039:Ad Acroceraunia 1022: 1014: 957: 738:Cleitus Dardani 636: 409: 404: 374: 298:Andrea, Zhaneta 292: 287: 286: 278: 274: 266: 262: 254: 247: 242: 230: 201: 180: 100: 98: 94: 91: 86: 83: 81: 79: 78: 49: 48: 47: 46: 43: 42: 41: 17: 12: 11: 5: 2224: 2214: 2213: 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715: 710: 705: 700: 695: 690: 685: 680: 675: 670: 665: 660: 655: 650: 644: 642: 638: 637: 635: 634: 633: 632: 622: 617: 612: 607: 602: 597: 592: 587: 582: 581: 580: 575: 570: 560: 555: 550: 545: 540: 535: 534: 533: 528: 518: 513: 512: 511: 501: 496: 491: 486: 481: 476: 471: 466: 461: 456: 455: 454: 449: 439: 434: 429: 423: 421: 411: 410: 403: 402: 395: 388: 380: 373: 372: 362:(1): 109–118. 351: 341:(1): 353–480. 330: 310:10.2307/581024 293: 291: 288: 285: 284: 272: 270:, p. 396. 260: 244: 243: 241: 238: 237: 236: 229: 226: 210:ShkodĂ«r County 200: 197: 179: 176: 164:Illyrian tribe 151: 150: 147: 143: 142: 138: 137: 134: 130: 129: 126: 122: 121: 117: 116: 113: 109: 108: 76: 72: 71: 66: 62: 61: 55: 51: 50: 44: 35: 34: 28: 27: 26: 25: 15: 9: 6: 4: 3: 2: 2223: 2212: 2209: 2207: 2204: 2202: 2199: 2197: 2194: 2192: 2189: 2187: 2184: 2182: 2179: 2177: 2174: 2173: 2171: 2156: 2148: 2146: 2143: 2142: 2139: 2133: 2130: 2124: 2121: 2120: 2119: 2116: 2115: 2114: 2111: 2110: 2108: 2106: 2102: 2092: 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1251: 1249: 1248:Hija e Korbit 1246: 1244: 1241: 1239: 1236: 1234: 1231: 1229: 1226: 1224: 1221: 1218: 1214: 1211: 1209: 1208: 1204: 1202: 1199: 1197: 1194: 1192: 1189: 1187: 1184: 1182: 1179: 1176: 1173: 1171: 1168: 1166: 1163: 1159: 1158:Lower Neretva 1156: 1155: 1154: 1151: 1149: 1146: 1144: 1141: 1139: 1136: 1134: 1131: 1129: 1126: 1124: 1123: 1119: 1117: 1114: 1112: 1109: 1107: 1106: 1102: 1100: 1097: 1095: 1092: 1090: 1087: 1085: 1082: 1080: 1077: 1075: 1072: 1070: 1067: 1065: 1062: 1060: 1057: 1055: 1052: 1050: 1047: 1045: 1042: 1040: 1037: 1035: 1032: 1031: 1029: 1026: 1021: 1017: 1011: 1008: 1006: 1003: 1001: 998: 996: 993: 989: 986: 985: 984: 981: 979: 976: 974: 970: 967: 966: 964: 960: 954: 951: 949: 948:Valentinian I 946: 944: 941: 939: 936: 934: 931: 929: 926: 924: 921: 919: 916: 914: 911: 909: 908:Pleuratus III 906: 904: 901: 899: 896: 894: 891: 889: 886: 884: 881: 879: 876: 874: 871: 869: 866: 864: 861: 859: 856: 854: 851: 849: 846: 844: 841: 839: 836: 834: 831: 829: 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269: 264: 257: 252: 250: 245: 235: 232: 231: 225: 223: 219: 215: 211: 207: 196: 194: 189: 185: 178:Fortification 175: 173: 169: 165: 161: 157: 148: 144: 139: 135: 131: 127: 123: 118: 114: 110: 105: 77: 73: 70: 67: 63: 59: 56: 52: 32: 23: 1977:Prefectures 1945:Roman period 1862:Batonian War 1634:Boka-PĂ«rçeva 1525: 1488: 1411: 1388: 1382: 1365: 1298: 1286: 1270: 1269: 1205: 1120: 1103: 918:Scerdilaidas 903:Pleuratus II 708:Bato Dardani 359: 355: 338: 334: 301: 290:Bibliography 275: 263: 256:Fistani 1983 202: 181: 155: 154: 2132:Settlements 2001:Epirus Nova 1656:VaÄŤe Situla 1532:Albanopolis 1397:Pola (Pula) 1300:Matohasanaj 1138:Chrysondyon 1064:Antipatreia 1049:Albanopolis 898:Pleuratus I 853:Justinian I 728:Caravantius 693:Bardylis II 499:Daesitiates 459:Atintanians 280:Andrea 1991 99: / 75:Coordinates 2170:Categories 2069:Illyrology 1987:Provinces 1708:Deipaturos 1660:Tattooing 1621:Soleto Map 1459:Sesarethus 1116:Brundisium 1044:Ad Quintum 1010:Taulantian 995:Dassaretan 978:Autariatan 773:Diocletian 595:Osseriates 538:Dassaretii 484:Bassanitae 479:Baridustae 464:Autariatae 240:References 222:Mes Bridge 214:Bronze Age 141:Site notes 115:Settlement 87:19°34′30″E 2011:Macedonia 2006:Illyricum 1981:Illyricum 1971:Macedonia 1966:Illyricum 1957:Dioceses 1823:Lyncestis 1747:Nymphaion 1614:Peucetian 1609:Messapian 1566:Education 1527:ZgĂ«rdhesh 1402:Poslishte 1378:Pituntium 1294:Lychnidus 1170:Delminium 1148:Damastion 1069:Apollonia 1059:Andetrium 1020:Geography 1000:Enchelean 983:Dardanian 868:Monounios 818:Grabos II 793:Flavianus 683:Baraliris 625:Taulantii 620:Siculotae 615:Sardiatae 563:Iapygians 494:Bylliones 447:Docleatai 407:Illyrians 326:131323459 184:Illyrians 146:Ownership 84:42°7′22″N 60:, Albania 2155:Category 2145:Timeline 2021:Pannonia 1996:Delmatia 1991:Dardania 1928:Illyrian 1921:Language 1838:Phoenice 1814:Battles 1770:weaponry 1752:Swastika 1725:Medaurus 1693:Religion 1595:Pottery 1521:Vendenis 1506:Ulkinium 1479:Tilurium 1474:Thronion 1384:Pogradec 1367:Persqopi 1351:Palaeste 1233:Eugenium 1228:Epicaria 1223:Enkelana 1191:Doracium 1143:Creonion 1099:Bassania 1094:Bargulum 973:Labeatan 969:Ardiaean 938:Triteuta 913:Pleurias 873:Monunius 858:Longarus 848:Justin I 813:Grabos I 798:Galaurus 713:Bircenna 688:Bardylis 678:Ballaios 673:Aurelian 610:Pirustae 605:Penestae 600:Parthini 543:Enchelei 531:Thuantai 509:Tariotes 504:Dalmatae 474:Balaites 452:Labeatae 437:Amantini 228:See also 206:PostribĂ« 199:Location 172:Iron Age 168:Labeates 160:Illyrian 136:Illyrian 133:Cultures 54:Location 2051:Sirmium 1896:Sieges 1882:Liburna 1766:Warfare 1730:PerĂ«ndi 1698:Andinus 1669:Sicanje 1599:Daunian 1571:Fibulae 1556:Coinage 1543:Culture 1511:Ulpiana 1496:Tsangon 1490:Triport 1464:Setovia 1407:Promona 1356:Parthus 1321:Nikadin 1316:Nareste 1288:LofkĂ«nd 1265:Kodrion 1196:Dresnik 1153:Daorson 1111:Bouthoe 1079:Arnissa 1054:Amantia 988:Kingdom 928:Tacitus 878:Mytilos 823:Gratian 803:Gentius 590:Narensi 578:Peuceti 573:Messapi 558:Iapodes 553:Grabaei 526:Galabri 521:Dardani 442:Ardiaei 432:Amantes 218:ShkodĂ«r 158:was an 125:Periods 120:History 69:Illyria 58:ShkodĂ«r 2118:Tribes 2113:People 1910:Oricum 1905:Medion 1887:Sibyna 1877:Lembus 1872:Helmet 1833:Pharos 1740:Tomorr 1735:Prende 1703:Bindus 1630:Tombs 1604:Desilo 1591:Pileus 1516:Uscana 1501:Ugento 1444:Salvia 1439:Salona 1429:RomajĂ« 1424:Rhizon 1419:Ragusa 1413:Rabije 1390:Castle 1361:Pelion 1346:Oricum 1326:Nikaia 1306:Meteon 1277:Lissus 1271:Kratul 1238:Gertus 1217:DurrĂ«s 1186:Doclea 1181:Dimale 1175:Desilo 1133:Chinna 1128:Byllis 1122:Bushat 1074:Arduba 943:Valens 923:Sirras 893:Plator 888:Pinnes 843:Jovian 838:Jerome 783:Epulon 758:Cynane 718:Caeria 668:Audata 663:Astius 641:People 585:Mazaei 516:Daorsi 489:Breuci 427:Albani 419:Tribes 356:Iliria 324:  318:581024 316:  193:Gajtan 188:mortar 156:Kratul 149:Public 65:Region 20:Kratul 2105:Lists 2062:Other 1961:Dacia 1828:Paxos 1434:Runik 1373:Petra 1336:Oneum 1281:LezhĂ« 1260:Kinna 1254:Zadar 1207:Dukat 1201:Duboc 1105:Berat 1089:Aulon 933:Teuta 788:Etuta 763:Dando 733:Celer 723:Caius 648:Agron 630:Abroi 568:Dauni 548:Eneti 469:Azali 322:S2CID 314:JSTOR 1900:Issa 1892:Sica 1768:and 1713:Zojz 1341:Oria 1330:Klos 112:Type 1530:(? 364:doi 343:doi 306:doi 208:in 166:of 2172:: 1720:En 360:13 358:. 339:99 337:. 320:. 312:. 248:^ 1534:) 1393:) 1387:( 1332:) 1328:( 1283:) 1279:( 1256:) 1219:) 1215:( 1027:) 1023:( 971:- 399:e 392:t 385:v 370:. 366:: 349:. 345:: 328:. 308::

Index

Kratul is located in Albania
Shkodër
Illyria
42°7′22″N 19°34′30″E / 42.12278°N 19.57500°E / 42.12278; 19.57500
Illyrian
Illyrian tribe
Labeates
Iron Age
Illyrians
mortar
Gajtan
Postribë
Shkodër County
Bronze Age
Shkodër
Mes Bridge
List of settlements in Illyria


Fistani 1983
Fabre et al. 1987
Andrea 1991
Andrea, Zhaneta
doi
10.2307/581024
JSTOR
581024
S2CID
131323459
doi

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