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809:), the passive target spacecraft. The two craft remained mechanically docked for three and a half hours, although an electrical connection could not be made. The descent module of Kosmos 186 was successfully recovered in the Soviet Union on 31 October 1967, but the accidental firing of the self-destruct mechanism of Kosmos 188 during the descent prevented its recovery on 2 November 1967. Despite the anomalies, the automatic docking mission demonstrated a new capability for the Soviet Union that proved valuable to their future human space flight programs. Although the Soviet lunar landing programme was cancelled before an actual landing mission, automatic dockings were an integral component of their
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missions earlier that year it was decided to proceed with unmanned flights first. But because the Soviet Union had no ground stations outside its own territory, this meant the docking had to be fully automated. After the first attempt failed (a fly by at a distance of 900 metres (3,000 ft)), the
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and the planned mission could be carried out. Kosmos 188 was operated in a low Earth orbit, it had a perigee of 180 kilometres (110 mi), an apogee of 247 kilometres (153 mi), an inclination of 51.7°, and an orbital period of 89.0 minutes, and had a mass of 6,000 kilograms (13,000 lb).
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and the planned mission could be carried out. Kosmos 186 was operated in a low Earth orbit, it had a perigee of 172 kilometres (107 mi), an apogee of 212 kilometres (132 mi), an inclination of 51.7°, and an orbital period of 88.7 minutes, and had a mass of 6,000 kilograms (13,000 lb).
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on 30 October 1967. Mutual search, approach, mooring, and docking were automatically performed by the IGLA-system onboard Kosmos 186. After 3.5 hours of joint flight, the satellites parted on a command sent from the Earth and continued to orbit separately. Officially, both made a soft landing in a
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predetermined region of the Soviet Union — Kosmos 186 on 31 October 1967 and Kosmos 188 on 2 November 1967. But according to Boris
Chertok, "one of the vehicles was destroyed by the emergency destruction system". (See B.Chertok, Rockets and People, Vol.IV, Chapter 8, page 156)
805:) launched first on 27 October 1967 and underwent a meticulous on-orbit checkout, followed by Kosmos 188 three days later. With Kosmos 186 taking the active role in the docking, the two craft docked just 62 minutes after the launch of Kosmos 188 (
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second attempt succeeded over the South
Atlantic. However, this docking was not entirely successful either — the modules were mechanically docked, but not electrically. Also, the manoeuvre had cost more fuel than anticipated.
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This mission proved it possible to launch smaller parts and assemble them in space, thus eliminating the need for exceedingly large rockets for larger undertakings like a
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Payloads are separated by bullets ( · ), launches by pipes ( | ). Crewed flights are indicated in
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space station programs and remain in practice today on the
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Radio observations of Kosmos-186/188, the first automatic docking, Sven Grahn
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NASA 50 Years Ago: The First
Automatic Docking in Space, 19 October 2017
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NASA 50 Years Ago: The First
Automatic Docking in Space, 18 April 2020
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3487:. Payloads deployed from other spacecraft are denoted in (brackets).
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descent module for landing scientific instruments and test objects.
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This article incorporates text from this source, which is in the
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This article incorporates text from this source, which is in the
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This article incorporates text from this source, which is in the
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This article incorporates text from this source, which is in the
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721:) were two uncrewed Soviet Union spacecraft that incorporated a
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The two Soviet spacecraft made the first fully automated
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16:
Uncrewed docking test of the Soyuz 7K-OK spacecraft
3510:This article about one or more spacecraft of the
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3483:. Uncatalogued launch failures are listed in
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1122:List of Russian human spaceflight missions
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733:Because of the lethal outcome of both the
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1117:List of Soviet human spaceflight missions
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761:On 30 October 1967 at 08:12:41 GMT, the
745:On 27 October 1967 at 09:29:59 GMT, the
2515:The † sign designates failed missions.
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781:The first automatic docking in space.
765:booster and Kosmos 188 were set up at
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39:spacecraft with an active docking unit
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2513:; exceptions are noted "(uncrewed)".
2505:Uncrewed missions are designated as
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981:russianspaceweb.com, kosmos-186-188
13:
1065:yourtube Kosmos 186 and Kosmos 188
956:"Cosmos 188: Trajectory 1967-107A"
888:"Cosmos 186: Trajectory 1967-105A"
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917:"Cosmos 188: Display 1966-107A"
849:"Cosmos 186: Display 1966-105A"
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3585:Soviet Union spacecraft stubs
1170:Cosmonaut ranks and positions
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487:30 October 1967, 08:12:41 GMT
166:27 October 1967, 09:29:59 GMT
3518:. You can help Knowledge by
795:history of space exploration
640:Kosmos 186/188 stamp (1968)
7:
3570:Spacecraft launched in 1967
3565:Soyuz uncrewed test flights
819:International Space Station
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763:Soyuz 11A511 s/n N15000-07
747:Soyuz 11A511 s/n U15000-05
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3575:1967 in the Soviet Union
962:. NASA. 27 February 2020
923:. NASA. 27 February 2020
894:. NASA. 27 February 2020
855:. NASA. 27 February 2020
1112:List of Soyuz missions
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1138:Soyuz (rocket family)
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560:Reference system
427:Spacecraft properties
239:Reference system
106:Spacecraft properties
2565:Orbital launches in
1313:Zond lunar programme
1190:(by spacecraft type)
1148:Baikonur Cosmodrome
960:nssdc.gsfc.nasa.gov
921:nssdc.gsfc.nasa.gov
892:nssdc.gsfc.nasa.gov
853:nssdc.gsfc.nasa.gov
771:Baikonur Cosmodrome
755:Baikonur Cosmodrome
665:Kosmos (satellites)
373:Uncrewed spacecraft
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337:Kosmos (satellites)
52:Uncrewed spacecraft
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2420:(uncrewed landing)
1627:(uncrewed landing)
1143:Soyuz (spacecraft)
1057:Spaceflight portal
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644:Soyuz (spacecraft)
555:Orbital parameters
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316:Soyuz (spacecraft)
234:Orbital parameters
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1453:Soyuz 7K-LOK No.1
1428:Soyuz 7K-L1E No.1
1165:Soyuz abort modes
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1213:Soyuz 7K-OK No.1
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807:Soyuz 7K-OK No.5
803:Soyuz 7K-OK No.6
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581:Perigee altitude
479:Start of mission
411:Mission duration
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3322:Molniya-1 No.12
3287:Intelsat II F-4
3171:Lunar Orbiter 5
2876:Lunar Orbiter 4
2760:Intelsat II F-3
2663:Lunar Orbiter 3
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680: →
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671:←
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650:←
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322:←
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3520:expanding it
3512:Soviet Union
3509:
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3351:
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3143:
3131:
3064:
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1712:Apollo–Soyuz
1470:Soyuz 7K-OKS
1444:Soyuz 7K-LOK
1419:Soyuz 7K-L1E
1406:
1399:
1237:
1232:
1019:
998:
987:
976:
964:. Retrieved
959:
925:. Retrieved
920:
896:. Retrieved
891:
857:. Retrieved
852:
823:
806:
802:
801:Kosmos 186 (
800:
788:
785:stamp, 1968.
783:Soviet Union
760:
744:
732:
718:
706:
702:
690:
689:
663:
651:
642:
615:89.0 minutes
539:Landing date
453:Manufacturer
370:Mission type
335:
328:
314:
294:88.7 minutes
218:Landing date
132:Manufacturer
49:Mission type
36:
18:
3403:7K-L1 No.5L
3281:7K-L1 No.4L
3223:Surveyor 5
3127:Explorer 35
3117:Surveyor 4
2988:Calsphere 4
2983:Calsphere 3
2936:Explorer 34
2834:San Marco 2
2817:Surveyor 3
2509:instead of
2306:Soyuz MS-01
2185:(2010–2016)
2183:Soyuz-TMA-M
2068:Soyuz TMA-1
2061:(2002–2012)
1873:(1986–2002)
1769:Kosmos 1001
1762:(1978–1986)
1731:(1974–1976)
1684:(1974–1976)
1682:Soyuz 7K-TM
1498:(1972–1981)
1446:(1971–1972)
1421:(1969–1970)
1309:(1967–1970)
1307:Soyuz 7K-L1
1200:(1966–1970)
1198:Soyuz 7K-OK
1131:Main topics
601:Inclination
503:Launch site
484:Launch date
463:Launch mass
446:Soyuz 7K-OK
414:3 days
280:Inclination
182:Launch site
163:Launch date
142:Launch mass
125:Soyuz 7K-OK
93:4 days
37:Soyuz 7K-OK
3559:Categories
3469:Kosmos 198
3464:Kosmos 197
3459:Kosmos 196
3454:Kosmos 195
3424:Kosmos 194
3414:Kosmos 193
3409:Kosmos 192
3397:Kosmos 191
3382:Surveyor 6
3372:Kosmos 190
3357:Kosmos 189
3352:Kosmos 188
3347:Kosmos 187
3342:Kosmos 186
3337:Kosmos 185
3327:Kosmos 184
3312:Kosmos 183
3307:Kosmos 182
3302:Kosmos 181
3268:Kosmos 180
3258:Kosmos 179
3248:Kosmos 178
3243:Kosmos 177
3233:Kosmos 176
3228:Kosmos 175
3206:Kosmos 174
3201:Kosmos 173
3186:Kosmos 172
3181:Kosmos 171
3166:Kosmos 170
3122:Kosmos 169
3112:Kosmos 168
3048:Kosmos 167
3033:Kosmos 166
3023:Kosmos 165
3013:Kosmos 164
3008:Kosmos 163
2998:Kosmos 162
2978:Timation 1
2973:NRL-PL 159
2968:NRL PL-154
2963:NRL PL-153
2958:NRL PL-152
2953:NRL PL-151
2921:Kosmos 161
2911:Kosmos 160
2906:Kosmos 159
2901:Kosmos 158
2896:Kosmos 157
2846:Kosmos 156
2800:Kosmos 155
2795:Kosmos 154
2780:Kosmos 153
2770:Kosmos 152
2765:Kosmos 151
2748:Kosmos 150
2743:Kosmos 149
2738:Kosmos 148
2733:Kosmos 147
2728:Kosmos 146
2718:Kosmos 145
2713:Kosmos 144
2708:Kosmos 143
2688:Kosmos 142
2683:Kosmos 141
2668:Kosmos 140
2641:Kosmos 139
2636:Kosmos 138
2376:(uncrewed)
1884:(uncrewed)
1880:Soyuz TM-1
1784:(uncrewed)
1738:Kosmos 670
1729:Soyuz 7K-S
1691:Kosmos 638
1566:(uncrewed)
1530:Kosmos 656
1520:Kosmos 613
1505:Kosmos 496
1496:Soyuz 7K-T
1434:Kosmos 382
1333:Zond 1967A
1322:Kosmos 146
1262:(uncrewed)
1233:Kosmos 186
1222:Kosmos 140
1217:(uncrewed)
1207:Kosmos 133
832:References
719:Cosmos 188
715:Космос-188
707:Kosmos 188
703:Cosmos 186
699:Космос-186
691:Kosmos 186
678:Kosmos 189
673:Kosmos 187
657:Kosmos 212
652:Kosmos 186
564:Geocentric
516:Contractor
432:Spacecraft
361:Kosmos 188
350:Kosmos 187
345:Kosmos 185
329:Kosmos 188
243:Geocentric
195:Contractor
111:Spacecraft
24:Kosmos 186
3481:underline
3444:Pioneer 8
3028:Mariner 5
2754:OGCh No.8
2693:Diadème 2
2678:Diadème 1
2059:Soyuz-TMA
1780:Soyuz T-1
1158:Site 31/6
751:Site 31/6
574:Low Earth
393:1967-107A
389:COSPAR ID
253:Low Earth
72:1967-105A
68:COSPAR ID
3439:OPS 1001
3434:OPS 5000
3387:Apollo 4
3367:OPS 1587
3362:OPS 0562
3332:OPS 4995
3297:OPS 1264
3263:OPS 4947
3253:OPS 4941
3238:OPS 5089
3196:OPS 7202
3191:OPS 4886
3176:OPS 4827
3139:OPS 1879
3097:IDCSP 19
3092:IDCSP 18
3087:IDCSP 17
3082:IDCSP 16
3060:OPS 4286
3043:OPS 1873
3038:OPS 3559
3018:Venera 4
3003:OPS 4360
2993:OPS 5712
2931:OPS 5557
2926:OPS 4321
2916:OPS 7218
2891:OPS 1967
2886:OPS 4696
2856:OPS 6679
2851:OPS 6638
2840:OPS 4243
2812:OPS 0100
2775:OPS 4779
2703:OPS 4204
2698:OPS 4750
2673:OPS 6073
2658:OPS 4399
2631:IDCSP 16
2626:IDCSP 15
2621:IDCSP 14
2616:IDCSP 13
2611:IDCSP 12
2606:IDCSP 11
2601:IDCSP 10
2591:OPS 1664
2297:Soyuz MS
1871:Soyuz-TM
1701:Soyuz 16
1535:Soyuz 14
1525:Soyuz 13
1515:Soyuz 12
1479:Soyuz 10
1378:Zond-M 1
1153:Site 1/5
966:19 April
927:19 April
898:19 April
859:19 April
767:Site 1/5
739:Apollo 1
737:and the
717:meaning
701:meaning
507:Baikonur
378:Operator
186:Baikonur
57:Operator
3485:italics
3274:Unnamed
3156:OV1-86
3072:SECOR-9
3066:Unnamed
2947:ESRO-2A
2881:Ariel 3
2828:Soyuz 1
2806:Unnamed
2790:RPM-481
2596:IDCSP 9
2517:Italics
2287:TMA-20M
2282:TMA-19M
2277:TMA-18M
2272:TMA-17M
2267:TMA-16M
2262:TMA-15M
2257:TMA-14M
2252:TMA-13M
2247:TMA-12M
2242:TMA-11M
2237:TMA-10M
2232:TMA-09M
2227:TMA-08M
2222:TMA-07M
2217:TMA-06M
2212:TMA-05M
2207:TMA-04M
2202:TMA-03M
2197:TMA-02M
1760:Soyuz-T
1258:Soyuz 2
1227:Soyuz 1
793:in the
735:Soyuz 1
729:Mission
711:Russian
695:Russian
466:6000 kg
399:SATCAT
324:Soyuz 1
145:6000 kg
78:SATCAT
3449:ERS-30
3419:WRESAT
3392:ESSA-6
3151:OV1-12
3145:OV1-11
3077:Aurora
2871:ERS-27
2866:ERS-20
2861:ERS-18
2822:ESSA-5
2646:ESSA-4
2574:1968 →
2559:← 1966
2507:Kosmos
2427:
2418:
2374:
2173:TMA-22
2168:TMA-21
2163:TMA-20
2158:TMA-19
2153:TMA-18
2148:TMA-17
2143:TMA-16
2138:TMA-15
2133:TMA-14
2128:TMA-13
2123:TMA-12
2118:TMA-11
2113:TMA-10
1882:
1782:
1708:
1640:
1625:
1564:
1472:(1971)
1390:Zond 7
1345:Zond 4
1260:
811:Salyut
705:) and
611:Period
595:247 km
585:180 km
570:Regime
498:11A511
492:Rocket
290:Period
274:212 km
264:172 km
249:Regime
177:11A511
171:Rocket
3514:is a
3429:OV3-6
3377:ATS-3
3317:OSO 4
3161:OGO-4
3107:DODGE
3102:LES-5
2785:ATS-2
2723:OSO 3
2652:OV3-5
2511:Soyuz
2493:MS-29
2489:2026
2483:MS-28
2478:MS-27
2474:2025
2459:MS-26
2454:MS-25
2434:MS-24
2425:MS-23
2416:MS-22
2411:MS-21
2406:MS-20
2401:MS-19
2396:MS-18
2391:MS-17
2386:MS-16
2381:MS-15
2372:MS-14
2367:MS-13
2362:MS-12
2357:MS-11
2351:MS-10
2346:MS-09
2341:MS-08
2336:MS-07
2331:MS-06
2326:MS-05
2321:MS-04
2316:MS-03
2311:MS-02
2108:TMA-9
2103:TMA-8
2098:TMA-7
2093:TMA-6
2088:TMA-5
2083:TMA-4
2078:TMA-3
2073:TMA-2
2049:TM-34
2044:TM-33
2039:TM-32
2034:TM-31
2029:TM-30
2024:TM-29
2019:TM-28
2014:TM-27
2009:TM-26
2004:TM-25
1999:TM-24
1994:TM-23
1989:TM-22
1984:TM-21
1979:TM-20
1974:TM-19
1969:TM-18
1964:TM-17
1959:TM-16
1954:TM-15
1949:TM-14
1944:TM-13
1939:TM-12
1934:TM-11
1929:TM-10
1830:T-10a
1372:1969A
1356:1968B
1350:1968A
1339:1967B
621:Epoch
605:51.7°
520:OKB-1
496:Soyuz
457:OKB-1
436:Soyuz
382:OKB-1
300:Epoch
284:51.7°
199:OKB-1
175:Soyuz
136:OKB-1
115:Soyuz
61:OKB-1
3516:stub
2567:1967
1924:TM-9
1919:TM-8
1914:TM-7
1909:TM-6
1904:TM-5
1899:TM-4
1894:TM-3
1889:TM-2
1861:T-15
1856:T-14
1851:T-13
1846:T-12
1841:T-11
1836:T-10
1775:1074
1459:No.2
968:2020
929:2020
900:2020
861:2020
813:and
406:3020
189:31/6
85:3014
1825:T-9
1819:T-8
1814:T-7
1809:T-6
1804:T-5
1799:T-4
1794:T-3
1789:T-2
1749:869
1743:772
1696:672
1551:18a
1510:573
1384:M 2
1327:154
1253:238
1248:213
1243:212
1238:188
815:Mir
769:of
753:of
510:1/5
448:# 5
401:no.
127:# 6
80:no.
3561::
1719:22
1706:19
1672:40
1667:39
1662:38
1657:37
1652:36
1647:35
1638:34
1632:33
1623:32
1618:31
1613:30
1608:29
1603:28
1598:27
1593:26
1587:25
1582:24
1576:23
1571:21
1562:20
1557:18
1546:17
1540:15
1485:11
1408:10
1215:†
958:.
947:^
919:.
908:^
890:.
879:^
851:.
840:^
828:.
821:.
713::
697::
35:A
3547:e
3540:t
3533:v
3522:.
2550:e
2543:t
2536:v
2353:†
1832:†
1821:†
1771:†
1751:†
1745:†
1714:)
1710:(
1634:†
1589:†
1578:†
1553:†
1542:†
1487:†
1481:†
1461:†
1455:†
1430:†
1401:9
1395:8
1386:†
1380:†
1374:†
1367:6
1362:5
1358:†
1352:†
1341:†
1335:†
1329:†
1315:)
1311:(
1297:9
1292:8
1287:7
1282:6
1277:5
1272:4
1267:3
1229:†
1209:†
1093:e
1086:t
1079:v
1035:.
1014:.
970:.
942:.
931:.
902:.
874:.
863:.
709:(
693:(
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