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single-bed domestic knitting machines, garter stitch must be either worked by hand or using an accessory called a 'garter bar'. Brother machines can take an electronic accessory called a 'Garter
Carriage'. These carriages have a single, internally mounted needle which faces those on the main bed, and when a stitch is selected via the patterning mechanism this needle lifts the selected stitch off its needle and makes the stitch through the back, thus creating a purl stitch on the face of the fabric. Certain models of Garter carriages can be used on both mechanical and electronic Brother knitting machines.
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refers to a technique in which a separate piece of yarn, often heavier than the knitted fabric, is carried along and caught between stitches to produce an effect like weaving. With knitwoven fabric, the purl side (usually the wrong side) is the right side of the fabric. Current standard gauge models have the option of a lace carriage, where stitches can be transferred from one needle to the next. The yarn passes through a tensioning mechanism and down through the knit carriage, which feeds the yarn to the needles as they knit.
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Hand knitting patterns are designed to "flip" the fabric on every row so that the knitter consistently uses the dominant hand. However, machine knitting is consistently knit with the fabric facing the same way. Flat bed machines knit back and forth and circular machines knit continuously in the round.
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In the 2010's, a new technology for industrial flatbed machines emerged which enabled fully finished garments to be knit in one piece with no assembling. Although Shima Sieki was the first to develop this technology, others such as Stoll have quickly followed suit. In 2016, Fast
Retailing, the parent
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automatically, and have machine stitch patterning features such as slipping, tucking, plating and knitweaving. Plating refers to knitting with two strands of yarn that are held in such a way that one is in front of the other. Plated effects can be particularly striking in a ribbed fabric. Knitweaving
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in a semi or fully automated fashion. There are numerous types of knitting machines, ranging from simple spool or board templates with no moving parts to highly complex mechanisms controlled by electronics. All, however, produce various types of knitted fabrics, usually either flat or tubular, and of
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Machine knitting saves a considerable amount of time but does require learning to operate the machines correctly. Most if not all hand knitting patterns can be worked up on a machine, either identically or in a similar design, but some are simpler to by hand, whilst others are easier on a machine.
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box is passed across the bed of needles causing the needle movements required to produce each next stitch. By means of various selection methods, e.g. punch cards, particular needles can be caused to travel by alternate pathways through the cam box. Thus needles will knit or not, and the unknitted
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V-bed knitting machines consist of two beds located across from each other. They are called front bed and back bed. This feature allows to hold not only sheets but also tubes. X-bed machines are the advanced version of the V-bed knitting machine. This type of machine adds extra metallic elements
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More complex stitch transfers, such as cable stitches, require hand-manipulation to cross the groups of stitches over each other. Industrial machines that offer selective, automatic stitch transfer between front and back beds along with racking of the beds can create cable stitch automatically.
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is wound around the pins; various patterns of winding produce different textured knitting. A needle or special tool is then used to transfer the loops of yarn from around the pins, either off the pins or to other pins, to produce the knitting. Knitting boards can produce complex designs. Other
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stitch, and can be an advantage. Some stitch patterns (e.g., tuck stitches) are much easier to produce with a knitting machine. Others (e.g. garter stitch) can also be produced with machine knitting, but can take a little longer; however, this is still much faster than hand knitting. On a
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To produce larger and more complex knitted items, such as garments, domestic and industrial machines, with either flat or circular beds, producing rectangular or tubular fabrics, respectively, are needed. Double bed machines have two flat beds facing each other, in order to produce
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company of Uniqlo, signed a deal with Shima Seiki to develop a factory of WHOLEGARMENT 3D knitting machines for mass-producing garments. As of 2023, this partnership is still going strong. Multiple companies are using this technology to design and produce clothing made on-demand.
240:). Needles can be placed in holding position to allow short row shaping. In modern machines, patterns can be obtained via either mechanical control, using punchcards, or electronic control, using computer software for patterning.
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The standard gauge 200-needle machine can knit the finest yarns up to a good sport-weight (4ply UK), while the heavier yarns knit better on a mid-gauge or bulky knitting machine.
203:, followed by knitting boards or knitting looms, which consist of two rows of pins mounted in two parallel rows approximately 0.5 inches (1.3 cm) apart.
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had low carbon steel bearded needles where the tips were reflexed and could be depressed onto a hollow closing the loop. The needles were supported on a
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are held in the hand and each stitch is manipulated individually across the row. Knitting machines work an entire row of loops in a single movement.
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Advertisement for a late 19th-century hosiery firm that depicts its factory floor with workers using knitting machines. Published 1886.
479:"Fast Retailing Launches Innovation Factory Co., Ltd. - Enters Joint Venture with Shima Seiki Mfg., Ltd. | FAST RETAILING CO., LTD"
279:. These hooks are located above every needle for both front bed and back bed and can only hold loops. If the loop is held by the
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This basic process can still be recognised in all machines, but it has been refined as new technologies have become available.
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McCann, James; Albaugh, Lea; Narayanan, Vidya; Grow, April; Matusik, Wojciech; Mankoff, J.; Hodgins, Jessica Kate (2016).
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The needle bar draws back, the presser bar drops, the needle loops close and the weft is drawn back through the web
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A few simple devices permit knitting without needles for toy or hobby purposes. The simplest of these is
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that passed back and forth, to and from the operator. The beards were simultaneously depressed by a
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needles to hold the stitches in fine, standard, mid-gauge or bulky gauge needle. A carriage or
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267:. Knitting proceeds more quickly than in hand knitting, where (usually two) straight
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The needles open, a new row has been added to the web which drops under gravity
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attachments can be added to single bed machines to achieve a similar result.
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The fabric produced using a knitting machine is of a more even texture than
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416:– a social movement of English textile artisans in the early 19th century
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Late 20th century domestic/studio models typically use up to 200
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The needle bar draws back, the weft is pulled in the open needles
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The needle bar goes forward- the open needles clear the web
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and plain rib fabrics plus a variety of multi patterns.
504:"3-D Knitting Brings Tech to Your Sweaters—for a Price"
128:, or electronic pattern reading devices and computers.
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Circular Knitic open source hardware knitting machine
427:- defunct Japanese manufacturer of knitting machines
236:) or over the needle or be held in the needle hook (
263:knitting method which produces a fabric similar to
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251:Automatic patterning machines can knit two-colour
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208:semi-mechanical knitting devices are available.
669:(4). ACM Transactions on Graphics (TOG): 1–11.
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583:Hand Manipulated Stitches for Machine Knitters
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92:A modern industrial knitting machine in action
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700:Norbury, James; Agutter, Margaret (c. 1957).
640:A Machine Knitter's Guide to Creating Fabrics
637:
603:Translating Between Hand and Machine Knitting
120:can be selected by hand manipulation of the
100:industrial circular knitting fabric machines
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545:The Hand Cranked Knitter and Sock Machine
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76:Learn how and when to remove this message
638:Lewis, Susanna; Weissman, Julia (1986).
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140:Six stages in the knitting machine cycle
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39:This article includes a list of general
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116:varying degrees of complexity. Pattern
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823:List of yarns for crochet and knitting
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167:The weft thread is laid on the needles
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410:– an antique type of knitting machine
124:, push-buttons and dials, mechanical
16:Device used to create knitted fabrics
659:"A Compiler for 3D Machine Knitting"
623:A Resource Book for Machine Knitters
433:- machine knitting artist and author
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758:Types of Circular Knitting Machines
259:Domestic knitting machines use the
247:Modern electronic knitting machines
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45:it lacks sufficient corresponding
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502:Reilly, Michael (April 6, 2017).
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702:Odhams Encyclopaedia of Knitting
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642:. Sterling Publishing Company.
564:Lace Machines and Machine Laces
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315:A flatbed home knitting machine
1421:The Knitting Guild Association
547:. Cottonwood Hill Publishing.
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327:A sock-knitting machine in use
232:yarn portions will lie under (
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1416:World Wide Knit in Public Day
1401:Revolutionary Knitting Circle
719:Machine Knitting Encyclopedia
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363:Knitting machine yarn bobbins
170:The weft thread falls loosely
1498:Knitting tools and materials
1411:UK Hand Knitting Association
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663:ACM Transactions on Graphics
303:machine operates on a crank.
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979:Stockinette/Stocking stitch
736:Mary Thomas's Knitting Book
543:Candee, Richard M. (2005).
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369:Comparison to hand knitting
339:A circular knitting machine
108:is a device used to create
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738:. Hodder & Stoughton.
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1467:List of knitting stitches
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1257:Complete garment knitting
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621:Kinder, Kathleen (1989).
600:Haffenden, Vikki (2018).
581:Gaugliumi, Susan (1990).
1262:Fully fashioned knitting
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19:Not to be confused with
675:10.1145/2897824.2925940
60:more precise citations.
1462:Knitting abbreviations
1335:Stephanie Pearl-McPhee
1282:William Lee (inventor)
717:Taylor, Carol (1974).
562:Earnshaw, Pat (1986).
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1437:Basic knitted fabrics
734:Thomas, Mary (1938).
508:MIT Technology Review
483:www.fastretailing.com
420:Textile manufacturing
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1360:Elizabeth Zimmermann
1185:Three needle bindoff
1170:Slip-stitch knitting
1090:Drop-stitch knitting
704:. Odhams Press Ltd.
1150:Picking up stitches
1055:Binding/Casting off
917:Patons and Baldwins
902:Eisaku Noro Company
813:Knitting needle cap
801:Tools and materials
403:History of knitting
1145:Medallion knitting
625:. Self-published.
253:Fair Isle patterns
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1503:Textile machinery
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1355:Barbara G. Walker
1135:Illusion knitting
721:. Concord Press.
606:. Crowood Press.
585:. Taunton Press.
425:Silver Seiko Ltd.
275:which are called
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1325:Herbert Niebling
1267:Knitting machine
1250:Machine knitting
1065:Brioche knitting
999:Elongated stitch
912:Lion Brand Yarns
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1477:Yarn bombing
1330:Shannon Okey
1291:Knitters and
1266:
1035:Arm knitting
818:Needle gauge
735:
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582:
566:. Batsford.
563:
544:
537:Bibliography
523:
511:. Retrieved
507:
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486:. Retrieved
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281:holding hook
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1350:Meg Swansen
1040:Basketweave
943:Continental
897:Coats Group
890:Yarn brands
828:Row counter
513:November 6,
468:, p. 9
379:stockinette
299:A hobbyist
238:tuck stitch
234:slip stitch
158:presser bar
126:punch cards
58:introducing
1492:Categories
1300:Sam Barsky
1080:Casting on
1070:Buttonhole
1028:Techniques
994:Dip stitch
881:Variegated
573:0713446846
488:2023-11-06
438:References
225:latch-hook
150:needle bar
41:references
1293:designers
1236:Fair Isle
1190:Thrumming
1165:Short row
1100:Faggoting
1019:Yarn over
958:Norwegian
727:153195585
66:June 2010
1442:Blocking
1241:Intarsia
1219:Patterns
1120:Grafting
1095:Entrelac
1004:Increase
989:Decrease
972:Stitches
938:Combined
933:Circular
794:Knitting
693:13101322
631:60063326
414:Luddites
397:See also
118:stitches
1472:Selvage
1452:History
1447:Dye lot
1430:Related
1396:Ravelry
1210:Welting
1205:Weaving
1160:Ribbing
1130:Hemming
948:English
876:Novelty
866:Eyelash
744:6249445
710:1326790
269:needles
218:Ribbing
132:Process
122:needles
113:fabrics
110:knitted
54:improve
1391:Knitty
1381:Knitta
1231:Argyle
1200:Twined
1110:Gather
1075:Cables
1060:Bobble
984:Garter
926:Styles
861:Bouclé
854:styles
742:
725:
708:
691:
646:
629:
610:
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570:
551:
43:, but
1180:Steek
1155:Pleat
1115:Gauge
689:S2CID
187:Types
1226:Aran
1195:Tuck
1140:Lace
963:Warp
953:Flat
871:Lopi
852:Yarn
740:OCLC
723:OCLC
706:OCLC
644:ISBN
627:OCLC
608:ISBN
587:ISBN
568:ISBN
549:ISBN
515:2023
261:weft
214:purl
205:Yarn
154:bed)
21:loom
679:hdl
671:doi
229:cam
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