233:
1076:
1452:
75:
1090:
1392:
50:
2409:
1213:
31:
2395:
2380:
1467:. The klipspringer is hunted for its meat, leather and hair. However, there are no major threats to the survival of the klipspringer, as its habitat is inaccessible and unfavourable for hunting. Moreover, the antelope does not have to compete with livestock, that do not frequent montane areas. However, populations at lower altitudes are more vulnerable to elimination.
1200:
underbelly, where the hair is less coarse. The hair often turns erect, especially if the animal is ill or if its temperature increases. Another feature unique to the klipspringer is its gait; it walks on the tips of its cylindrical, blunt hooves. This enhances the grip on the ground, enabling the animal to deftly climb and jump over rocky surfaces.
1383:
mother suckles it three to four times a day, the visits gradually lengthen as the offspring grows. Males are protective of their offspring, keeping a watch for other males and predators. The calf is weaned at four to five months, and leaves its mother when it turns a year old. The klipspringer lives for around 15 years.
1258:–121 acres) large (the size depends on rainfall patterns), in which they stay with their partners and offspring. Males are generally more vigilant than females. Klipspringer form large dung heaps, nearly 1 m (3 ft 3 in) across and 10 cm (4 in) deep, at the borders of territories; another form of
1236:
to a much greater extent than other antelopes; individuals of opposite sexes form pairs that might last until one dies. The mates tend to stay as close as within 5 m (16 ft) of each other at most times; for instance, they take turns at keeping a lookout for predators while the other feeds,
1281:
detects and aggregates on twigs marked by the klipspringer. Another study showed that plants near the borders with neighbouring territories are particularly preferred for marking. The main vocalisation is a shrill whistle, given out by the klipspringer pair in a duet, as a means of communication or
1203:
The subspecies vary in coat colour – from golden yellow in the Cape klipspringer, Ethiopian klipspringer, golden klipspringer and
Transvaal klipspringer to ochre or rufous in the Maasai klipspringer, Stevenson's klipspringer and Zambian klipspringer. Cape klipspringer populations tend to have the
1382:
lasts around six months, following which a single calf, weighing slightly more than 1 kg (2 lb), is born; births peak from spring to early summer. Births take place in dense vegetation. The newborn is carefully hidden for up to three months to protect it from the view of predators; the
1199:
might even get damaged by the hairs while grooming. However, the coat is a significant adaptation that saves the animal during steep falls and provides effective insulation in the extreme climates characteristic of its mountain habitat. A study showed that ticks occur in larger numbers on the
525:. There are no major threats to the survival of the klipspringer, as its habitat is inaccessible and unfavourable for hunting. Significant numbers occur on private farmlands. As of 2008, nearly 25% of the populations occur in protected areas throughout its range.
1237:
and face any danger together. The klipspringer will hop a few metres away from the danger. Other social groups include small family herds of eight or more members or solitary individuals. Klipspringer greet one another by rubbing cheeks at social meetings.
1470:
In 1999, Rod East of the IUCN SSC Antelope
Specialist Group estimated the total population of klipspringer at 42,000. Significant numbers occur on private farmlands. As of 2008, nearly 25% of the populations occur in protected areas such as the
1224:(active mainly at night), the klipspringer rests during the midday and at late night; the animal tends to be more active on moonlit nights. It basks in the morning sunlight to warm itself. A gregarious animal, the klipspringer, like the
1360:, and not on water bodies, to meet their water requirement. They can stand on their hindlegs to reach tall branches up to 1.2 m (3 ft 11 in) above the ground; some individuals in Namibia were observed climbing
1399:
The klipspringer inhabits places characterised by rocky terrain and sparse vegetation. It migrates to lowlands at times of food scarcity. The klipspringer occurs at altitudes as high as 4,500 m (15,000 ft) on
1408:, Ethiopia. However, the habitat is typically rocky over long stretches and grassy terrain is discontinuous; consequently the population density is typically between 0.01 and 0.1 individual per square kilometre.
1638:
Forest and woodland vegetation in the highlands of Dogu'a
Tembien. In: Nyssen J., Jacob, M., Frankl, A. (Eds.). Geo-trekking in Ethiopia's Tropical Mountains - The Dogu'a Tembien District
1116: in) at the shoulder. The head-and-body length is typically between 75 and 115 cm (30 and 45 in). It weighs from 8 to 18 kg (18 to 40 lb). The klipspringer is
1419:, northern Somalia and Ethiopia in the east to South Africa in the south, and along coastal Angola and Namibia. Smaller populations occur in the northern and western highlands of
2132:
7332:
1404:. The klipspringer can occur at high population densities in favourable habitats extending over a large area; 10 to 14 individuals occur per square kilometre in the
7277:
517:
in the east to South Africa in the south, and along coastal Angola and
Namibia. The International Union for the Conservation of Nature and Natural Resources (
498:
lasts around six months, following which a single calf is born; births peak from spring to early summer. The calf leaves its mother when it turns a year old.
1350:, the klipspringer prefers young plants, fruits and flowers. Grasses, eaten mainly in the wet season, form a minor portion of the diet. Some plants, such as
1195:
in its rocky habitat; the underbelly is white. Unlike most other antelopes, the klipspringer has a thick and coarse coat with hollow, brittle hairs. The
7272:
7024:
1277:
1723:"A multi-locus species phylogeny of African forest duikers in the subfamily Cephalophinae: evidence for a recent radiation in the Pleistocene"
7089:
7063:
7197:
2429:
2147:
7169:
6998:
7037:
439:
in its rocky habitat. Unlike most other antelopes, the klipspringer has a thick and coarse coat with hollow, brittle hairs. The
2459:
625:
414:
210:
7081:
2359:
2326:
2294:
2173:
1984:
1944:
1916:
1878:
1843:
1805:
1646:
1611:
7042:
7262:
1378:
by the time they are a year old; males take slightly longer to mature. Mating behaviour has not been extensively observed.
501:
The klipspringer inhabits places characterised by rocky terrain and sparse vegetation. Its range extends from northeastern
7267:
1272: in) across, from the preorbital glands onto vegetation and rocks in the territories. A study revealed that the
1593:
7212:
1411:
The antelope occurs in significant numbers across eastern and southern Africa; its range extends from northeastern
7094:
2239:
464:, the klipspringer rests during the middle of the day and late at night. A gregarious animal, the klipspringer is
7317:
7302:
6924:
2413:
6951:
7297:
1472:
1405:
7237:
2811:
2399:
7327:
7322:
7282:
7247:
7217:
7207:
3600:
1508:
1476:
1424:
468:
to a much greater extent than other antelopes; individuals of opposite sexes exhibit long-term to lifelong
1374:
The klipspringer is a seasonal breeder; the time when mating occurs varies geographically. Females become
914: : Noack's or southern Tanzanian klipspringer. Occurs in eastern and southern Africa, between rivers
472:. The mates tend to stay as close as within 5 m (16 ft) of each other at most times. Males form
7312:
7287:
7222:
7076:
6964:
6959:
1492:
1488:
1432:
1148: in). Prominent facial features include the brown forehead, short ears marked with black, prominent
7307:
7292:
7257:
7252:
7232:
2880:
2452:
1025:
74:
232:
7242:
7227:
5857:
2802:
2793:
2321:(Illustrated ed.). Gland, Switzerland: The IUCN Species Survival Commission. pp. 298–301.
7202:
5644:
1564:
1484:
1480:
1420:
170:
1669:
284:
6293:
5686:
3582:
2723:
1866:
1589:
987:
900:
7133:
5806:
3242:
7029:
6886:
3344:
3050:
2969:
2351:
1976:
1908:
629:
621:
410:
6938:
1120:; females are slightly larger and heavier than the males. The tail measures 6.5–10.5 cm (
7128:
6494:
5524:
3749:
2978:
2862:
2445:
1331:
193:
151:
7120:
2423:
2343:
1968:
1900:
1601:
1451:
1075:
7055:
6985:
6933:
6801:
6567:
6558:
6503:
6128:
6092:
6065:
5473:
5464:
4909:
4900:
3266:
3125:
3068:
3014:
2204:
2092:
Dunbar, R.I.M.; Dunbar, E.P. (1974). "Social organization and ecology of the klipspringer (
1512:
1347:
1323:
491:
1693:
8:
6747:
6449:
6440:
6188:
6056:
6029:
5965:
5626:
5506:
5455:
3134:
3041:
2632:
1500:
1327:
1315:
1287:
1259:
1233:
465:
39:
2208:
417:
in 1783. The klipspringer is a small, sturdy antelope; it reaches 43–60 centimetres (17–
6834:
6825:
6197:
6137:
6119:
6101:
6047:
6020:
6011:
5635:
5617:
5551:
5244:
4970:
4447:
4438:
4157:
3591:
3059:
2871:
2853:
2732:
2264:
2251:
2220:
2109:
2074:
2020:
1749:
1722:
1241:
1117:
633:
473:
245:
69:
2189:
Rechav, Y.; Norval, R.A.I.; Tannock, J.; Colborne, J. (1978). "Attraction of the tick
2070:
7115:
6972:
6467:
6458:
6146:
6074:
6002:
5833:
5815:
5668:
4618:
4013:
4004:
3856:
3758:
3537:
3504:
3447:
3317:
2844:
2705:
2355:
2344:
2322:
2290:
2169:
2113:
2005:"Grooming rates in klipspringer and steinbok reflect environmental exposure to ticks"
2004:
1980:
1969:
1940:
1939:(Illustrated, reprint ed.). Cape Town, South Africa: D. Philip. pp. 273–4.
1912:
1901:
1874:
1839:
1801:
1754:
1642:
1617:
1607:
1541:
1401:
1362:
1216:
Klipspringers demonstrating typical lookout (rear) and feeding (front) pair behaviour
960:
777:
656:
2078:
7160:
6977:
6861:
6615:
6606:
6485:
6326:
6317:
6110:
5782:
5773:
5721:
5712:
5560:
5533:
5446:
5226:
4834:
4260:
4251:
4241:
4214:
3935:
3804:
3005:
2996:
2987:
2769:
2760:
2696:
2623:
2614:
2260:
2224:
2212:
2195:
2105:
2066:
2016:
1793:
1744:
1734:
1559:
1149:
974:
610:
543:
344:
7102:
6591:
6582:
6530:
6521:
6302:
5159:
5150:
4627:
4223:
3275:
3185:
3023:
2835:
2714:
2687:
2678:
1698:
1636:
1375:
1357:
593:
534:
431:
inches) at the shoulder and weighs from 8 to 18 kilograms (18 to 40 pounds). The
403:
7068:
6791:
6729:
6359:
6350:
5875:
5824:
5745:
5736:
5677:
5515:
5217:
5039:
5030:
4585:
4552:
4534:
4022:
3832:
3707:
3546:
2534:
2506:
2385:
1153:
490:–121 acres), in which they stay with their partners and offspring. Primarily a
440:
409:. The sole member of its genus and subfamily/tribe, the klipspringer was first
2437:
1459:
The
International Union for the Conservation of Nature and Natural Resources (
7191:
7050:
6909:
6416:
6398:
6284:
6221:
6212:
5271:
5006:
4979:
4750:
4660:
4651:
4636:
4501:
4465:
4420:
4357:
4348:
3865:
3823:
3716:
3682:
3672:
3573:
3555:
3218:
3167:
3077:
2641:
2039:
1836:
Bovids of the World: Antelopes, Gazelles, Cattle, Goats, Sheep, and
Relatives
1739:
1597:
1550:
1464:
1319:
1311:
1303:
1295:
1188:
1156:, short and spiky, present only on males, typically measure 7.5–9 cm (3–
945:
929:
919:
522:
432:
272:
59:
54:
2289:(3rd ed.). Cambridge, UK: Cambridge University Press. pp. 708–11.
2168:(2nd ed.). Cape Town, South Africa: Struik Publishers. pp. 157–9.
1621:
6810:
6779:
6669:
6341:
6155:
6083:
5956:
5608:
5542:
5304:
5262:
5177:
4988:
4708:
4699:
4561:
4492:
4381:
4372:
4114:
3883:
3564:
3519:
3486:
3257:
3149:
3116:
3032:
1862:
1758:
1335:
1221:
1191:
of the klipspringer, yellowish gray to reddish brown, acts as an efficient
964:
915:
896:
652:
461:
435:
of the klipspringer, yellowish gray to reddish brown, acts as an efficient
2350:(Illustrated ed.). Norman, US: University of Oklahoma Press. p.
2117:
7107:
7011:
6918:
6431:
6179:
5341:
5295:
5286:
5235:
5187:
5048:
4890:
4483:
4474:
4302:
4096:
4087:
4077:
3971:
3814:
3624:
3615:
3528:
3371:
3293:
3176:
3101:
3092:
2469:
2166:
Wild Ways : Field Guide to the
Behaviour of Southern African Mammals
1428:
1089:
1044:
822:
805:
700:
399:
126:
1391:
1102:
The klipspringer is a small, sturdy antelope reaching 43–60 cm (17–
7174:
7003:
6038:
5938:
5763:
5355:
4777:
4759:
4510:
4205:
4190:
4181:
4148:
3925:
3731:
3648:
3639:
3414:
3405:
3284:
3209:
2750:
2571:
1192:
892:
510:
436:
2316:
1204:
largest males, while Maasai klipspringer exhibit the largest females.
1043: : Transvaal klipspringer. Occurs in South African highlands and
7016:
6738:
6659:
6512:
6383:
6374:
5848:
5422:
5413:
5398:
5389:
5253:
4825:
4609:
4543:
4429:
3944:
3740:
3429:
3353:
3233:
2784:
2669:
2659:
2553:
2544:
2216:
2057:
Dunbar, R.I.M.; Dunbar, E.P. (1980). "The pairbond in klipspringer".
1379:
672:
495:
469:
86:
6880:
6705:
1975:(1st ed.). Cape Town, South Africa: Struik Publishers. p.
1907:(3rd ed.). Cape Town, South Africa: Struik Publishers. p.
1212:
950: : Zambian klipspringer. Occurs in central and southern Africa.
7154:
6903:
6647:
6275:
5947:
5659:
5497:
5437:
5102:
4801:
4333:
4278:
4166:
3995:
3471:
3462:
3438:
3326:
3200:
2950:
2826:
2522:
2500:
2488:
2422:
2408:
1800:(2nd ed.). London, UK: Bloomsbury Publishing. pp. 588–9.
1352:
1262:
is the secretion of a thick, black substance, measuring 5 mm (
1031:
993:
645:
514:
395:
106:
1539:
903:
treat a few of them as independent species in a 2011 publication:
6852:
6687:
6548:
6407:
5797:
5584:
5575:
5488:
5374:
5365:
5337:
5093:
4997:
4961:
4876:
4872:
4843:
4768:
4456:
4329:
4290:
3874:
3791:
3697:
2960:
2910:
2605:
1873:. Baltimore, US: Johns Hopkins University Press. pp. 275–9.
1603:
Mammal
Species of the World: A Taxonomic and Geographic Reference
1440:
1436:
1416:
1395:
Klipspringers inhabit mountainous regions with sparse vegetation.
1299:
1291:
1225:
1196:
1057:
1015:
617:
613:
506:
136:
6990:
6946:
6696:
6265:
6170:
5993:
5983:
5599:
5111:
4951:
4933:
4924:
4810:
4732:
4684:
4675:
4133:
4124:
4059:
4050:
4040:
3962:
3495:
3308:
3158:
2494:
2482:
2394:
1504:
1496:
1307:
1283:
406:
116:
96:
30:
1838:. Princeton, US: Princeton University Press. pp. 224–44.
1535:
1533:
1531:
1529:
1527:
380:
6720:
6678:
6253:
5923:
5914:
5208:
5135:
5126:
5057:
4786:
4741:
4600:
4525:
4405:
4396:
3907:
3898:
3390:
3381:
2590:
2581:
1606:(3rd ed.). Johns Hopkins University Press. p. 686.
1412:
1356:, may be preferred seasonally. Klipspringer depend mainly on
1229:
1170: in); the maximum recorded horn length is 15.9 cm (
935:
671:). The klipspringer evolved nearly 14 million years ago. The
502:
494:, the klipspringer prefers young plants, fruits and flowers.
549:
5866:
5196:
5084:
5066:
4723:
4576:
3980:
3847:
3663:
2937:
2898:
2188:
1524:
1460:
1366:
trees up to a height of 5.4 m (17 ft 9 in).
1273:
992: : Ethiopian klipspringer. Occurs in the highlands of
723:
664:
573:
567:
552:
518:
377:
5334:
558:
6476:
5075:
5021:
3953:
3335:
2379:
655:
study showed that the klipspringer is closely related to
570:
374:
356:
4326:
4869:
1005: : Maasai klipspringer. Occurs in eastern Africa.
443:, short and spiky, typically measure 7.5–9 cm (3–
2317:
East, R.; IUCN/SSC Antelope
Specialist Group (1999).
2137:(Zimmermann, 1973) in two areas of the Cape Province"
2133:"The habitat and feeding ecology of the klipspringer
1937:
A Field Guide to the Animal Tracks of
Southern Africa
576:
546:
365:
362:
350:
7333:
Taxa named by Eberhard August Wilhelm von Zimmermann
2375:
1030: : Stevenson's klipspringer. Occurs in western
564:
561:
371:
368:
359:
353:
555:
347:
2240:"Optimal patterns of scent marks in klipspringer (
628:in 1783. The vernacular name "klipspringer" is a
7189:
1014: : Somali klipspringer. Occurs in northern
7278:Mammals of the Democratic Republic of the Congo
2467:
2284:
2193:to twigs marked by the klipspringer antelope".
1720:
2037:Dunbar, R. (1984). "The ecology of monogamy".
2002:
1565:10.2305/IUCN.UK.2016-1.RLTS.T15485A50191264.en
1282:anti-predator response. Predators include the
2453:
2287:The Mammals of the Southern African Subregion
2052:
2050:
2003:Hart, L.A.; Hart, B.L.; Wilson, V.J. (1996).
1971:The Complete Book of Southern African Mammals
2237:
2091:
2056:
1898:
1857:
1855:
1152:near the eyes, and white lips and chin. The
1861:
1540:IUCN SSC Antelope Specialist Group (2016).
1446:
1386:
592:), "he-goat". It is the sole member of the
2542:
2460:
2446:
2280:
2278:
2276:
2274:
2085:
2047:
1934:
1829:
1827:
1825:
1823:
1821:
1819:
1817:
1798:The Kingdon Field Guide to African Mammals
1788:
231:
48:
29:
6777:
4249:
2032:
2030:
1903:Field Guide to Mammals of Southern Africa
1894:
1892:
1890:
1852:
1786:
1784:
1782:
1780:
1778:
1776:
1774:
1772:
1770:
1768:
1748:
1738:
1563:
959: : Cape klipspringer. Occurs in the
528:
6658:
4048:
2144:MSC Dissertation, University of Pretoria
1966:
1962:
1960:
1958:
1956:
1930:
1928:
1833:
1628:
1450:
1390:
1211:
1207:
1056: : Angolan klipspringer. Occurs in
895:have been identified, though zoologists
7273:Mammals of the Central African Republic
2949:
2520:
2312:
2310:
2308:
2306:
2271:
1998:
1996:
1814:
1792:
1714:
934: : Golden klipspringer. Occurs in
7190:
2667:
2285:Skinner, J.D.; Chimimba, C.T. (2005).
2130:
2036:
2027:
1887:
1765:
1584:
1582:
626:Eberhard August Wilhelm von Zimmermann
415:Eberhard August Wilhelm von Zimmermann
6885:
6884:
6776:
6645:
6644:
6250:
5333:
4868:
4325:
3787:
2933:
2519:
2441:
2433:. Vol. 15 (11th ed.). 1911.
2341:
1953:
1925:
1634:
1588:
4085:
2303:
2163:
2157:
1993:
1721:Johnston, A.R; Anthony, N.M (2012).
7198:IUCN Red List least concern species
2934:
1579:
1551:IUCN Red List of Threatened Species
13:
6251:
3788:
2265:10.1111/j.1469-7998.1997.tb02802.x
2110:10.1111/j.1439-0310.1974.tb00462.x
2021:10.1111/j.1365-2028.1996.tb00598.x
644:("leaper"). Another name for this
14:
7344:
2371:
2238:Roberts, S.C.; Lowen, C. (1997).
1479:National Parks (Ethiopia); Tsavo
1463:) classifies the klipspringer as
979: : Occurs in central Africa.
521:) classifies the klipspringer as
2407:
2393:
2378:
1439:. It is feared to be extinct in
1088:
1074:
542:
343:
73:
2812:Sri Lankan spotted chevrotain (
2335:
2231:
2182:
2124:
2098:Zeitschrift für Tierpsychologie
1899:Stuart, C.; Stuart, T. (2001).
1369:
3601:Central American red brocket (
2319:African Antelope Database 1998
1699:Merriam-Webster.com Dictionary
1686:
1662:
1406:Simien Mountains National Park
1334:have been observed feeding on
1065:
675:below is based on this study.
609:, and is classified under the
1:
2071:10.1016/S0003-3472(80)80026-1
1518:
4308:Large subfamily listed below
4296:Large subfamily listed below
4284:Large subfamily listed below
1509:Namib-Naukluft National Park
1425:Democratic Republic of Congo
7:
7263:Afrikaans words and phrases
2803:Yellow-striped chevrotain (
2794:Indian spotted chevrotain (
1967:Mills, G.; Hes, L. (1997).
1433:Gashaka Gumti National Park
588:), "mountain", and τράγος (
10:
7349:
2009:African Journal of Ecology
7268:Mammals described in 1783
7144:
6893:
6851:
6823:
6799:
6790:
6786:
6772:
6739:Dromedary/Arabian camel (
6730:Domestic Bactrian camel (
6718:
6667:
6654:
6640:
6604:
6580:
6556:
6547:
6429:
6396:
6372:
6339:
6315:
6294:North Sulawesi babirusa (
6273:
6264:
6260:
6246:
6210:
6168:
5991:
5982:
5936:
5912:
5888:
5846:
5795:
5771:
5762:
5734:
5710:
5703:
5657:
5597:
5573:
5486:
5435:
5411:
5387:
5363:
5354:
5350:
5329:
5284:
5185:
5176:
5148:
5124:
5019:
4959:
4950:
4922:
4898:
4889:
4885:
4864:
4823:
4799:
4721:
4697:
4673:
4649:
4598:
4574:
4523:
4418:
4394:
4370:
4346:
4342:
4321:
4301:
4289:
4277:
4240:
4203:
4179:
4146:
4122:
4113:
4076:
4039:
3993:
3933:
3924:
3896:
3845:
3812:
3803:
3799:
3783:
3729:
3695:
3661:
3637:
3613:
3583:Amazonian brown brocket (
3517:
3484:
3460:
3427:
3403:
3379:
3370:
3306:
3255:
3231:
3198:
3147:
3114:
3090:
2958:
2945:
2929:
2916:Large family listed below
2909:
2904:Large family listed below
2897:
2881:Williamson's mouse-deer (
2824:
2782:
2758:
2749:
2658:
2603:
2579:
2570:
2533:
2529:
2515:
2477:
819:
802:
795:
775:
768:
748:
741:
721:
714:
697:
690:
683:
251:
244:
239:
230:
223:
218:
199:
192:
70:Scientific classification
68:
46:
37:
28:
23:
4980:Domestic water buffalo (
3345:Central Asian red deer (
2970:Bornean yellow muntjac (
2146:: 97–100. Archived from
1740:10.1186/1471-2148-12-120
1727:BMC Evolutionary Biology
1495:Luangwa National Parks (
1487:National Parks (Kenya);
1455:The hooves seen close-up
1447:Threats and conservation
1421:Central African Republic
1387:Habitat and distribution
7213:Mammals of South Africa
5858:Bates' pygmy antelope (
5645:Soemmerring's gazelle (
3750:Yucatan brown brocket (
2979:Hairy-fronted muntjac (
2863:Philippine mouse-deer (
2430:Encyclopædia Britannica
2346:Encyclopedia of deserts
1935:Liebenberg, L. (1990).
1834:Castelló, J.R. (2016).
1674:www.mammaldiversity.org
1341:
537:of the klipspringer is
7318:Mammals of South Sudan
7303:Mammals of West Africa
6568:White-lipped peccary (
6504:Philippine warty pig (
6129:Yellow-backed duiker (
6093:Black-fronted duiker (
6066:White-bellied duiker (
5687:Przewalski's gazelle (
4910:Four-horned antelope (
3708:Peruvian Yungas pudu (
3267:Visayan spotted deer (
3126:European fallow deer (
3069:Northern red muntjac (
3015:Southern red muntjac (
1670:"Explore the Database"
1600:; Reeder, D.M (eds.).
1456:
1396:
1332:yellow-bellied bulbuls
1217:
529:Taxonomy and etymology
7298:Mammals of Mozambique
7129:Paleobiology Database
6952:oreotragus-oreotragus
6939:Oreotragus_oreotragus
6925:Oreotragus oreotragus
6895:Oreotragus oreotragus
6748:Wild Bactrian camel (
6450:Bornean bearded pig (
6441:Palawan bearded pig (
6030:White-legged duiker (
5456:Red-fronted gazelle (
3135:Persian fallow deer (
3051:Roosevelt's muntjac (
2724:Himalayan musk deer (
2633:Reticulated giraffe (
2415:Oreotragus oreotragus
2401:Oreotragus oreotragus
2242:Oreotragus oreotragus
2135:Oreotragus Oreotragus
2131:Norton, P.M. (2011).
2094:Oreotragus oreotragus
1558:: e.T15485A50191264.
1544:Oreotragus oreotragus
1454:
1394:
1324:pale-winged starlings
1215:
1208:Ecology and behaviour
755:Oreotragus oreotragus
539:Oreotragus oreotragus
391:Oreotragus oreotragus
203:Oreotragus oreotragus
7238:Fauna of East Africa
6835:Pygmy hippopotamus (
6495:Oliver's warty pig (
6120:Red-flanked duiker (
5525:Erlanger's gazelle (
5245:Harnessed bushbuck (
4971:Wild water buffalo (
4448:East Caucasian tur (
4439:West Caucasian tur (
3592:Little red brocket (
3060:Truong Son muntjac (
2872:Vietnam mouse-deer (
2854:Greater mouse-deer (
2733:Siberian musk deer (
2424:"Klipspringer"
2404:at Wikimedia Commons
2342:Mares, M.A. (1999).
1594:"Order Artiodactyla"
1513:Matobo National Park
1328:red-winged starlings
1038:O. o. transvaalensis
983:O. o. saltatrixoides
624:by German zoologist
413:by German zoologist
7328:Mammals of Zimbabwe
7323:Mammals of Eswatini
7283:Mammals of Djibouti
7248:Mammals of Tanzania
7218:Mammals of Ethiopia
7208:Mammals of Botswana
7146:Antilope oreotragus
6468:Celebes warty pig (
6459:Visayan warty pig (
6075:Red forest duiker (
5807:Günther's dik-dik (
5669:Mongolian gazelle (
5474:Heuglin's gazelle (
5465:Thomson's gazelle (
4619:Long-tailed goral (
4014:Mountain reedbuck (
4005:Southern reedbuck (
3857:East African oryx (
3759:White-tailed deer (
3538:Small red brocket (
3505:South Andean deer (
3448:Siberian roe deer (
3439:European roe deer (
3276:Philippine sambar (
3243:Père David's deer (
2845:Lesser mouse-deer (
2706:Kashmir musk deer (
2209:1978Natur.275..310R
1635:Aerts, Raf (2019).
1501:Nyika National Park
1288:black-backed jackal
1244:, 7.5–49 hectares (
728:Neotragus moschatus
669:Neotragus moschatus
584:, from Greek ὄρος (
476:, 7.5–49 hectares (
240:Klipspringer range
40:Conservation status
7313:Mammals of Somalia
7288:Mammals of Eritrea
7223:Mammals of Namibia
6616:Collared peccary (
6486:Flores warty pig (
6327:Giant forest hog (
6189:Maxwell's duiker (
6111:Ruwenzori duiker (
6057:Jentink's duiker (
5966:Sharpe's grysbok (
5722:Tibetan antelope (
5627:Bright's gazelle (
5561:Goitered gazelle (
5534:Mountain gazelle (
5507:Cuvier's gazelle (
5447:Mongalla gazelle (
4835:Pyrenean chamois (
4261:Tibetan antelope (
4215:Black wildebeest (
3042:Reeves's muntjac (
3006:Sumatran muntjac (
2997:Gongshan muntjac (
2770:Water chevrotain (
2697:Alpine musk deer (
2624:Southern giraffe (
2615:Northern giraffe (
2252:Journal of Zoology
1641:. SpringerNature.
1457:
1397:
1218:
1118:sexually dimorphic
957:(Zimmermann, 1783)
185:O. oreotragus
7308:Mammals of Rwanda
7293:Mammals of Malawi
7258:Mammals of Uganda
7253:Mammals of Zambia
7233:Mammals of Angola
7185:
7184:
7116:Open Tree of Life
6887:Taxon identifiers
6878:
6877:
6874:
6873:
6870:
6869:
6847:
6846:
6768:
6767:
6764:
6763:
6760:
6759:
6636:
6635:
6632:
6631:
6628:
6627:
6592:Chacoan peccary (
6543:
6542:
6531:Javan warty pig (
6522:Timor warty pig (
6329:H. meinertzhageni
6303:Togian babirusa (
6242:
6241:
6238:
6237:
6234:
6233:
6198:Walter's duiker (
6138:Abbott's duiker (
6102:Ogilby's duiker (
6048:Harvey's duiker (
6012:Brooke's duiker (
5978:
5977:
5758:
5757:
5699:
5698:
5636:Peter's gazelle (
5618:Grant's gazelle (
5552:Speke's gazelle (
5325:
5324:
5321:
5320:
5317:
5316:
5202:
5172:
5171:
5160:African buffalo (
4991:B. depressicornis
4946:
4945:
4860:
4859:
4856:
4855:
4628:Himalayan goral (
4450:C. cylindricornis
4317:
4316:
4313:
4312:
4273:
4272:
4236:
4235:
4224:Blue wildebeest (
4158:Common tsessebe (
4109:
4108:
4072:
4071:
4035:
4034:
3947:K. ellipsiprymnus
3920:
3919:
3779:
3778:
3775:
3774:
3771:
3770:
3719:P. mephistophiles
3675:P. mephistophiles
3366:
3365:
3062:M. truongsonensis
3024:Pu Hoat muntjac (
2925:
2924:
2921:
2920:
2893:
2892:
2836:Java mouse-deer (
2745:
2744:
2715:Black musk deer (
2688:Dwarf musk deer (
2679:Anhui musk deer (
2654:
2653:
2617:G. camelopardalis
2566:
2565:
2398:Media related to
2361:978-0-8061-3146-7
2328:978-2-8317-0477-7
2296:978-0-521-84418-5
2175:978-1-86872-443-7
2164:Apps, P. (2000).
1986:978-0-947430-55-9
1946:978-0-86486-132-0
1918:978-1-86872-537-3
1880:978-1-4214-0093-8
1871:Ungulate Taxonomy
1845:978-1-4008-8065-2
1807:978-1-4729-2531-2
1702:. Merriam-Webster
1648:978-3-030-04954-6
1613:978-0-8018-8221-0
1402:Mount Kilimanjaro
1363:Faidherbia albida
1338:of klipspringer.
1150:preorbital glands
1055:
1042:
1029:
1013:
1004:
1000:O. o. schillingsi
991:
978:
961:Cape of Good Hope
958:
949:
933:
913:
888:
887:
879:
878:
870:
869:
861:
860:
852:
851:
843:
842:
834:
833:
335:
334:
328:
320:
312:
308:O. saltatrixoides
304:
300:O. saltatricoides
296:
288:
276:
265:
174:
155:
63:
16:Species of mammal
7340:
7243:Mammals of Kenya
7228:Mammals of Sudan
7178:
7177:
7165:
7164:
7163:
7137:
7136:
7124:
7123:
7111:
7110:
7098:
7097:
7085:
7084:
7072:
7071:
7059:
7058:
7046:
7045:
7033:
7032:
7020:
7019:
7007:
7006:
6994:
6993:
6981:
6980:
6968:
6967:
6955:
6954:
6942:
6941:
6929:
6928:
6927:
6914:
6913:
6912:
6882:
6881:
6797:
6796:
6788:
6787:
6774:
6773:
6665:
6664:
6656:
6655:
6642:
6641:
6554:
6553:
6360:Common warthog (
6351:Desert warthog (
6271:
6270:
6262:
6261:
6248:
6247:
6147:Weyns's duiker (
6021:Peters' duiker (
6003:Aders's duiker (
5989:
5988:
5876:Royal antelope (
5834:Salt's dik-dik (
5825:Silver dik-dik (
5816:Kirk's dik-dik (
5769:
5768:
5746:Saiga antelope (
5708:
5707:
5647:N. soemmerringii
5516:Dorcas gazelle (
5361:
5360:
5352:
5351:
5345:
5331:
5330:
5218:Mountain nyala (
5201:
5200:
5192:
5183:
5182:
5138:P. nghetinhensis
5040:European bison (
5031:American bison (
4957:
4956:
4896:
4895:
4887:
4886:
4880:
4866:
4865:
4742:Domestic sheep (
4586:Himalayan tahr (
4553:Mainland serow (
4535:Japanese serow (
4344:
4343:
4337:
4323:
4322:
4247:
4246:
4120:
4119:
4083:
4082:
4046:
4045:
4023:Bohor reedbuck (
3931:
3930:
3910:A. nasomaculatus
3833:Sable antelope (
3810:
3809:
3801:
3800:
3794:
3785:
3784:
3547:Merida brocket (
3377:
3376:
3318:Thorold's deer (
3170:A. calamianensis
3053:M. rooseveltorum
2999:M. gongshanensis
2956:
2955:
2947:
2946:
2940:
2931:
2930:
2756:
2755:
2665:
2664:
2644:G. tippelskirchi
2577:
2576:
2540:
2539:
2531:
2530:
2517:
2516:
2462:
2455:
2448:
2439:
2438:
2434:
2426:
2412:Data related to
2411:
2397:
2388:
2383:
2382:
2366:
2365:
2349:
2339:
2333:
2332:
2314:
2301:
2300:
2282:
2269:
2268:
2248:
2235:
2229:
2228:
2217:10.1038/275310a0
2186:
2180:
2179:
2161:
2155:
2154:
2152:
2141:
2128:
2122:
2121:
2096:) in Ethiopia".
2089:
2083:
2082:
2059:Animal Behaviour
2054:
2045:
2044:
2034:
2025:
2024:
2000:
1991:
1990:
1974:
1964:
1951:
1950:
1932:
1923:
1922:
1906:
1896:
1885:
1884:
1859:
1850:
1849:
1831:
1812:
1811:
1790:
1763:
1762:
1752:
1742:
1718:
1712:
1711:
1709:
1707:
1690:
1684:
1683:
1681:
1680:
1666:
1660:
1659:
1657:
1655:
1632:
1626:
1625:
1586:
1577:
1576:
1574:
1572:
1567:
1537:
1358:succulent plants
1318:. Birds such as
1316:Verreaux's eagle
1271:
1270:
1266:
1257:
1256:
1252:
1249:
1183:
1182:
1178:
1175:
1169:
1168:
1164:
1161:
1147:
1146:
1142:
1139:
1133:
1132:
1128:
1125:
1115:
1114:
1110:
1107:
1092:
1078:
1053:
1040:
1024:
1022:O. o. stevensoni
1011:
1002:
985:
973:
956:
954:O. o. oreotragus
944:
928:
911:
798:
797:
771:
770:
744:
743:
717:
716:
693:
692:
686:
685:
679:
678:
583:
582:
579:
578:
575:
572:
569:
566:
563:
560:
557:
554:
551:
548:
489:
488:
484:
481:
456:
455:
451:
448:
430:
429:
425:
422:
387:
386:
383:
382:
379:
376:
373:
370:
367:
364:
361:
358:
355:
352:
349:
326:
318:
311:(Temminck, 1853)
310:
302:
295:(Boddaert, 1785)
294:
282:
280:O. klippspringer
271:
263:
235:
205:
169:
150:
78:
77:
57:
52:
51:
33:
21:
20:
7348:
7347:
7343:
7342:
7341:
7339:
7338:
7337:
7203:Dwarf antelopes
7188:
7187:
7186:
7181:
7173:
7168:
7159:
7158:
7153:
7140:
7132:
7127:
7119:
7114:
7106:
7103:Observation.org
7101:
7093:
7088:
7080:
7075:
7067:
7062:
7054:
7049:
7041:
7036:
7028:
7023:
7015:
7010:
7002:
6997:
6989:
6984:
6976:
6971:
6963:
6958:
6950:
6945:
6937:
6932:
6923:
6922:
6917:
6908:
6907:
6902:
6889:
6879:
6866:
6843:
6819:
6782:
6756:
6714:
6650:
6624:
6600:
6576:
6539:
6506:S. philippensis
6443:S. ahoenobarbus
6425:
6417:Red river hog (
6392:
6368:
6335:
6311:
6285:Buru babirusa (
6256:
6230:
6222:Common duiker (
6206:
6164:
5974:
5932:
5908:
5884:
5842:
5791:
5754:
5730:
5695:
5680:P. picticaudata
5653:
5593:
5569:
5563:G. subgutturosa
5482:
5431:
5407:
5383:
5346:
5335:
5313:
5280:
5272:Cape bushbuck (
5265:T. strepsiceros
5194:
5193:
5191:
5168:
5144:
5120:
5015:
5007:Mountain anoa (
4942:
4936:B. tragocamelus
4918:
4912:T. quadricornis
4881:
4870:
4852:
4819:
4795:
4751:Bighorn sheep (
4717:
4693:
4669:
4661:Mountain goat (
4645:
4637:Chinese goral (
4594:
4570:
4555:C. sumatraensis
4519:
4502:Siberian ibex (
4466:Domestic goat (
4414:
4390:
4366:
4358:Barbary sheep (
4338:
4327:
4309:
4297:
4285:
4269:
4232:
4199:
4175:
4142:
4105:
4068:
4031:
3989:
3916:
3892:
3866:Scimitar oryx (
3841:
3824:Roan antelope (
3795:
3789:
3767:
3725:
3717:Northern pudu (
3691:
3683:Southern pudu (
3673:Northern pudu (
3657:
3633:
3609:
3574:Pygmy brocket (
3556:Dwarf brocket (
3513:
3480:
3456:
3423:
3399:
3362:
3302:
3251:
3227:
3194:
3168:Calamian deer (
3143:
3137:D. mesopotamica
3110:
3086:
3080:M. vuquangensis
3078:Giant muntjac (
2988:Fea's muntjac (
2941:
2935:
2917:
2905:
2889:
2820:
2778:
2741:
2699:M. chrysogaster
2650:
2642:Masai giraffe (
2599:
2562:
2525:
2511:
2473:
2466:
2421:
2384:
2377:
2374:
2369:
2362:
2340:
2336:
2329:
2315:
2304:
2297:
2283:
2272:
2246:
2236:
2232:
2203:(5678): 310–1.
2187:
2183:
2176:
2162:
2158:
2150:
2139:
2129:
2125:
2090:
2086:
2055:
2048:
2035:
2028:
2001:
1994:
1987:
1965:
1954:
1947:
1933:
1926:
1919:
1897:
1888:
1881:
1860:
1853:
1846:
1832:
1815:
1808:
1791:
1766:
1719:
1715:
1705:
1703:
1692:
1691:
1687:
1678:
1676:
1668:
1667:
1663:
1653:
1651:
1649:
1633:
1629:
1614:
1587:
1580:
1570:
1568:
1538:
1525:
1521:
1511:(Namibia); and
1449:
1423:, southeastern
1389:
1376:sexually mature
1372:
1344:
1268:
1264:
1263:
1254:
1250:
1247:
1245:
1210:
1180:
1176:
1173:
1171:
1166:
1162:
1159:
1157:
1144:
1140:
1137:
1135:
1130:
1126:
1123:
1121:
1112:
1108:
1105:
1103:
1100:
1099:
1098:
1097:
1096:
1093:
1084:
1083:
1082:
1079:
1068:
1063:
1009:O. o. somalicus
971:O. o. porteousi
942:O. o. centralis
889:
880:
871:
862:
853:
844:
835:
545:
541:
535:scientific name
531:
486:
482:
479:
477:
453:
449:
446:
444:
427:
423:
420:
418:
346:
342:
331:
257:
256:
214:
207:
201:
188:
168:
149:
72:
64:
53:
49:
42:
17:
12:
11:
5:
7346:
7336:
7335:
7330:
7325:
7320:
7315:
7310:
7305:
7300:
7295:
7290:
7285:
7280:
7275:
7270:
7265:
7260:
7255:
7250:
7245:
7240:
7235:
7230:
7225:
7220:
7215:
7210:
7205:
7200:
7183:
7182:
7180:
7179:
7166:
7150:
7148:
7142:
7141:
7139:
7138:
7125:
7112:
7099:
7086:
7073:
7060:
7047:
7034:
7021:
7008:
6995:
6982:
6969:
6956:
6943:
6930:
6915:
6899:
6897:
6891:
6890:
6876:
6875:
6872:
6871:
6868:
6867:
6865:
6864:
6857:
6855:
6849:
6848:
6845:
6844:
6842:
6841:
6837:C. liberiensis
6831:
6829:
6821:
6820:
6818:
6817:
6811:Hippopotamus (
6807:
6805:
6794:
6792:Hippopotamidae
6784:
6783:
6770:
6769:
6766:
6765:
6762:
6761:
6758:
6757:
6755:
6754:
6745:
6741:C. dromedarius
6736:
6726:
6724:
6716:
6715:
6713:
6712:
6703:
6694:
6685:
6675:
6673:
6662:
6652:
6651:
6638:
6637:
6634:
6633:
6630:
6629:
6626:
6625:
6623:
6622:
6612:
6610:
6602:
6601:
6599:
6598:
6588:
6586:
6578:
6577:
6575:
6574:
6564:
6562:
6551:
6545:
6544:
6541:
6540:
6538:
6537:
6528:
6524:S. timoriensis
6519:
6510:
6501:
6492:
6483:
6477:Domestic pig (
6474:
6465:
6456:
6447:
6437:
6435:
6427:
6426:
6424:
6423:
6414:
6404:
6402:
6394:
6393:
6391:
6390:
6380:
6378:
6370:
6369:
6367:
6366:
6357:
6353:P. aethiopicus
6347:
6345:
6337:
6336:
6334:
6333:
6323:
6321:
6313:
6312:
6310:
6309:
6305:B. togeanensis
6300:
6291:
6281:
6279:
6268:
6258:
6257:
6244:
6243:
6240:
6239:
6236:
6235:
6232:
6231:
6229:
6228:
6218:
6216:
6208:
6207:
6205:
6204:
6195:
6186:
6176:
6174:
6166:
6165:
6163:
6162:
6156:Zebra duiker (
6153:
6144:
6135:
6131:C. silvicultor
6126:
6117:
6108:
6099:
6090:
6084:Black duiker (
6081:
6072:
6068:C. leucogaster
6063:
6054:
6045:
6036:
6027:
6018:
6009:
5999:
5997:
5986:
5980:
5979:
5976:
5975:
5973:
5972:
5963:
5957:Cape grysbok (
5954:
5944:
5942:
5934:
5933:
5931:
5930:
5920:
5918:
5910:
5909:
5907:
5906:
5900:Klipspringer (
5896:
5894:
5886:
5885:
5883:
5882:
5873:
5864:
5854:
5852:
5844:
5843:
5841:
5840:
5831:
5827:M. piacentinii
5822:
5813:
5803:
5801:
5793:
5792:
5790:
5789:
5779:
5777:
5766:
5760:
5759:
5756:
5755:
5753:
5752:
5742:
5740:
5732:
5731:
5729:
5728:
5718:
5716:
5705:
5701:
5700:
5697:
5696:
5694:
5693:
5689:P. przewalskii
5684:
5675:
5665:
5663:
5655:
5654:
5652:
5651:
5642:
5633:
5624:
5615:
5609:Dama gazelle (
5605:
5603:
5595:
5594:
5592:
5591:
5581:
5579:
5571:
5570:
5568:
5567:
5558:
5549:
5543:Rhim gazelle (
5540:
5531:
5522:
5513:
5504:
5494:
5492:
5484:
5483:
5481:
5480:
5471:
5462:
5453:
5443:
5441:
5433:
5432:
5430:
5429:
5419:
5417:
5409:
5408:
5406:
5405:
5401:A. marsupialis
5395:
5393:
5385:
5384:
5382:
5381:
5371:
5369:
5358:
5348:
5347:
5327:
5326:
5323:
5322:
5319:
5318:
5315:
5314:
5312:
5311:
5305:Common eland (
5302:
5292:
5290:
5282:
5281:
5279:
5278:
5269:
5263:Greater kudu (
5260:
5251:
5242:
5233:
5224:
5215:
5205:
5203:
5180:
5174:
5173:
5170:
5169:
5167:
5166:
5156:
5154:
5146:
5145:
5143:
5142:
5132:
5130:
5122:
5121:
5119:
5118:
5109:
5100:
5091:
5082:
5076:Domestic yak (
5073:
5064:
5055:
5046:
5037:
5027:
5025:
5017:
5016:
5014:
5013:
5004:
5000:B. mindorensis
4995:
4989:Lowland anoa (
4986:
4977:
4967:
4965:
4954:
4948:
4947:
4944:
4943:
4941:
4940:
4930:
4928:
4920:
4919:
4917:
4916:
4906:
4904:
4893:
4883:
4882:
4862:
4861:
4858:
4857:
4854:
4853:
4851:
4850:
4841:
4831:
4829:
4821:
4820:
4818:
4817:
4807:
4805:
4797:
4796:
4794:
4793:
4784:
4775:
4766:
4757:
4748:
4739:
4729:
4727:
4719:
4718:
4716:
4715:
4709:Nilgiri tahr (
4705:
4703:
4695:
4694:
4692:
4691:
4681:
4679:
4671:
4670:
4668:
4667:
4657:
4655:
4647:
4646:
4644:
4643:
4634:
4625:
4616:
4606:
4604:
4596:
4595:
4593:
4592:
4582:
4580:
4572:
4571:
4569:
4568:
4562:Taiwan serow (
4559:
4550:
4541:
4531:
4529:
4521:
4520:
4518:
4517:
4508:
4499:
4493:Iberian ibex (
4490:
4481:
4472:
4463:
4454:
4445:
4436:
4426:
4424:
4416:
4415:
4413:
4412:
4402:
4400:
4392:
4391:
4389:
4388:
4382:Arabian tahr (
4378:
4376:
4368:
4367:
4365:
4364:
4354:
4352:
4340:
4339:
4319:
4318:
4315:
4314:
4311:
4310:
4307:
4305:
4299:
4298:
4295:
4293:
4287:
4286:
4283:
4281:
4275:
4274:
4271:
4270:
4268:
4267:
4257:
4255:
4244:
4238:
4237:
4234:
4233:
4231:
4230:
4221:
4211:
4209:
4201:
4200:
4198:
4197:
4187:
4185:
4177:
4176:
4174:
4173:
4164:
4154:
4152:
4144:
4143:
4141:
4140:
4130:
4128:
4117:
4111:
4110:
4107:
4106:
4104:
4103:
4093:
4091:
4080:
4074:
4073:
4070:
4069:
4067:
4066:
4056:
4054:
4043:
4037:
4036:
4033:
4032:
4030:
4029:
4020:
4016:R. fulvorufula
4011:
4001:
3999:
3991:
3990:
3988:
3987:
3978:
3969:
3960:
3951:
3941:
3939:
3928:
3922:
3921:
3918:
3917:
3915:
3914:
3904:
3902:
3894:
3893:
3891:
3890:
3884:Arabian oryx (
3881:
3872:
3863:
3853:
3851:
3843:
3842:
3840:
3839:
3830:
3820:
3818:
3807:
3797:
3796:
3781:
3780:
3777:
3776:
3773:
3772:
3769:
3768:
3766:
3765:
3761:O. virginianus
3756:
3747:
3737:
3735:
3727:
3726:
3724:
3723:
3714:
3704:
3702:
3693:
3692:
3690:
3689:
3680:
3669:
3667:
3659:
3658:
3656:
3655:
3645:
3643:
3635:
3634:
3632:
3631:
3627:O. bezoarticus
3621:
3619:
3611:
3610:
3608:
3607:
3598:
3589:
3580:
3571:
3567:M. gouazoubira
3565:Gray brocket (
3562:
3553:
3544:
3535:
3525:
3523:
3515:
3514:
3512:
3511:
3502:
3492:
3490:
3482:
3481:
3479:
3478:
3468:
3466:
3458:
3457:
3455:
3454:
3445:
3435:
3433:
3425:
3424:
3422:
3421:
3411:
3409:
3401:
3400:
3398:
3397:
3387:
3385:
3374:
3368:
3367:
3364:
3363:
3361:
3360:
3351:
3342:
3333:
3324:
3320:C. albirostris
3314:
3312:
3304:
3303:
3301:
3300:
3291:
3282:
3273:
3263:
3261:
3253:
3252:
3250:
3249:
3239:
3237:
3229:
3228:
3226:
3225:
3216:
3206:
3204:
3196:
3195:
3193:
3192:
3183:
3174:
3165:
3155:
3153:
3145:
3144:
3142:
3141:
3132:
3122:
3120:
3112:
3111:
3109:
3108:
3104:E. cephalophus
3098:
3096:
3088:
3087:
3085:
3084:
3075:
3066:
3057:
3048:
3039:
3033:Leaf muntjac (
3030:
3026:M. puhoatensis
3021:
3012:
3003:
2994:
2985:
2976:
2966:
2964:
2953:
2943:
2942:
2927:
2926:
2923:
2922:
2919:
2918:
2915:
2913:
2907:
2906:
2903:
2901:
2895:
2894:
2891:
2890:
2888:
2887:
2883:T. williamsoni
2878:
2869:
2860:
2851:
2842:
2832:
2830:
2822:
2821:
2819:
2818:
2809:
2800:
2790:
2788:
2780:
2779:
2777:
2776:
2766:
2764:
2753:
2747:
2746:
2743:
2742:
2740:
2739:
2735:M. moschiferus
2730:
2726:M. leucogaster
2721:
2712:
2703:
2694:
2690:M. berezovskii
2685:
2675:
2673:
2662:
2656:
2655:
2652:
2651:
2649:
2648:
2639:
2630:
2621:
2611:
2609:
2601:
2600:
2598:
2597:
2587:
2585:
2574:
2568:
2567:
2564:
2563:
2561:
2560:
2550:
2548:
2537:
2535:Antilocapridae
2527:
2526:
2513:
2512:
2510:
2509:
2507:Laurasiatheria
2503:
2497:
2491:
2485:
2478:
2475:
2474:
2465:
2464:
2457:
2450:
2442:
2436:
2435:
2419:
2418:at Wikispecies
2405:
2390:
2389:
2386:Mammals portal
2373:
2372:External links
2370:
2368:
2367:
2360:
2334:
2327:
2302:
2295:
2270:
2244:) territories"
2230:
2181:
2174:
2156:
2153:on 2018-03-22.
2123:
2084:
2046:
2026:
1992:
1985:
1952:
1945:
1924:
1917:
1886:
1879:
1851:
1844:
1813:
1806:
1764:
1713:
1694:"Klipspringer"
1685:
1661:
1647:
1627:
1612:
1578:
1522:
1520:
1517:
1477:Bale Mountains
1448:
1445:
1388:
1385:
1371:
1368:
1343:
1340:
1320:familiar chats
1209:
1206:
1095:Head of female
1094:
1087:
1086:
1085:
1080:
1073:
1072:
1071:
1070:
1069:
1067:
1064:
1062:
1061:
1048:
1035:
1019:
1006:
997:
980:
968:
951:
939:
923:
909:O. o. aceratos
905:
891:As many as 11
886:
885:
882:
881:
877:
876:
873:
872:
868:
867:
864:
863:
859:
858:
855:
854:
850:
849:
846:
845:
841:
840:
837:
836:
832:
831:
828:
827:
818:
815:
814:
811:
810:
801:
796:
794:
791:
790:
787:
786:
782:Madoqua kirkii
778:Kirk's dik-dik
774:
769:
767:
764:
763:
760:
759:
747:
742:
740:
737:
736:
733:
732:
720:
715:
713:
710:
709:
706:
705:
696:
691:
689:
684:
682:
677:
661:Madoqua kirkii
657:Kirk's dik-dik
648:is "klipbok".
601:and subfamily
530:
527:
333:
332:
330:
329:
327:A. Smith, 1834
321:
319:Zukowsky, 1924
316:O. steinhardti
313:
305:
297:
289:
277:
266:
264:Zukowsky, 1924
254:
253:
252:
249:
248:
242:
241:
237:
236:
228:
227:
221:
220:
216:
215:
208:
197:
196:
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156:
144:
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124:
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119:
114:
110:
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104:
100:
99:
94:
90:
89:
84:
80:
79:
66:
65:
47:
44:
43:
38:
35:
34:
26:
25:
15:
9:
6:
4:
3:
2:
7345:
7334:
7331:
7329:
7326:
7324:
7321:
7319:
7316:
7314:
7311:
7309:
7306:
7304:
7301:
7299:
7296:
7294:
7291:
7289:
7286:
7284:
7281:
7279:
7276:
7274:
7271:
7269:
7266:
7264:
7261:
7259:
7256:
7254:
7251:
7249:
7246:
7244:
7241:
7239:
7236:
7234:
7231:
7229:
7226:
7224:
7221:
7219:
7216:
7214:
7211:
7209:
7206:
7204:
7201:
7199:
7196:
7195:
7193:
7176:
7171:
7167:
7162:
7156:
7152:
7151:
7149:
7147:
7143:
7135:
7130:
7126:
7122:
7117:
7113:
7109:
7104:
7100:
7096:
7091:
7087:
7083:
7078:
7074:
7070:
7065:
7061:
7057:
7052:
7048:
7044:
7039:
7035:
7031:
7026:
7022:
7018:
7013:
7009:
7005:
7000:
6996:
6992:
6987:
6983:
6979:
6974:
6970:
6966:
6961:
6957:
6953:
6948:
6944:
6940:
6935:
6931:
6926:
6920:
6916:
6911:
6905:
6901:
6900:
6898:
6896:
6892:
6888:
6883:
6863:
6859:
6858:
6856:
6854:
6850:
6840:
6838:
6833:
6832:
6830:
6828:
6827:
6822:
6816:
6814:
6809:
6808:
6806:
6804:
6803:
6798:
6795:
6793:
6789:
6785:
6781:
6775:
6771:
6753:
6751:
6746:
6744:
6742:
6737:
6735:
6733:
6732:C. bactrianus
6728:
6727:
6725:
6723:
6722:
6717:
6711:
6709:
6704:
6702:
6700:
6695:
6693:
6691:
6686:
6684:
6682:
6677:
6676:
6674:
6672:
6671:
6666:
6663:
6661:
6657:
6653:
6649:
6643:
6639:
6621:
6619:
6614:
6613:
6611:
6609:
6608:
6603:
6597:
6595:
6590:
6589:
6587:
6585:
6584:
6579:
6573:
6571:
6566:
6565:
6563:
6561:
6560:
6555:
6552:
6550:
6546:
6536:
6534:
6533:S. verrucosus
6529:
6527:
6525:
6520:
6518:
6516:
6511:
6509:
6507:
6502:
6500:
6498:
6493:
6491:
6489:
6484:
6482:
6480:
6479:S. domesticus
6475:
6473:
6471:
6470:S. celebensis
6466:
6464:
6462:
6457:
6455:
6453:
6448:
6446:
6444:
6439:
6438:
6436:
6434:
6433:
6428:
6422:
6420:
6415:
6413:
6411:
6406:
6405:
6403:
6401:
6400:
6399:Potamochoerus
6395:
6389:
6387:
6382:
6381:
6379:
6377:
6376:
6371:
6365:
6363:
6358:
6356:
6354:
6349:
6348:
6346:
6344:
6343:
6338:
6332:
6330:
6325:
6324:
6322:
6320:
6319:
6314:
6308:
6306:
6301:
6299:
6297:
6296:B. celebensis
6292:
6290:
6288:
6283:
6282:
6280:
6278:
6277:
6272:
6269:
6267:
6263:
6259:
6255:
6249:
6245:
6227:
6225:
6220:
6219:
6217:
6215:
6214:
6209:
6203:
6201:
6196:
6194:
6192:
6187:
6185:
6183:
6180:Blue duiker (
6178:
6177:
6175:
6173:
6172:
6167:
6161:
6159:
6154:
6152:
6150:
6145:
6143:
6141:
6136:
6134:
6132:
6127:
6125:
6123:
6118:
6116:
6114:
6109:
6107:
6105:
6100:
6098:
6096:
6095:C. nigrifrons
6091:
6089:
6087:
6082:
6080:
6078:
6077:C. natalensis
6073:
6071:
6069:
6064:
6062:
6060:
6055:
6053:
6051:
6046:
6044:
6042:
6037:
6035:
6033:
6028:
6026:
6024:
6023:C. callipygus
6019:
6017:
6015:
6010:
6008:
6006:
6001:
6000:
5998:
5996:
5995:
5990:
5987:
5985:
5981:
5971:
5969:
5964:
5962:
5960:
5955:
5953:
5951:
5950:R. campestris
5946:
5945:
5943:
5941:
5940:
5935:
5929:
5927:
5922:
5921:
5919:
5917:
5916:
5911:
5905:
5903:
5902:O. oreotragus
5898:
5897:
5895:
5893:
5892:
5887:
5881:
5879:
5874:
5872:
5870:
5865:
5863:
5861:
5856:
5855:
5853:
5851:
5850:
5845:
5839:
5837:
5832:
5830:
5828:
5823:
5821:
5819:
5814:
5812:
5810:
5805:
5804:
5802:
5800:
5799:
5794:
5788:
5786:
5781:
5780:
5778:
5776:
5775:
5770:
5767:
5765:
5761:
5751:
5749:
5744:
5743:
5741:
5739:
5738:
5733:
5727:
5725:
5720:
5719:
5717:
5715:
5714:
5709:
5706:
5702:
5692:
5690:
5685:
5683:
5681:
5676:
5674:
5672:
5667:
5666:
5664:
5662:
5661:
5656:
5650:
5648:
5643:
5641:
5639:
5634:
5632:
5630:
5625:
5623:
5621:
5616:
5614:
5612:
5607:
5606:
5604:
5602:
5601:
5596:
5590:
5588:
5583:
5582:
5580:
5578:
5577:
5572:
5566:
5564:
5559:
5557:
5555:
5550:
5548:
5546:
5545:G. leptoceros
5541:
5539:
5537:
5532:
5530:
5528:
5523:
5521:
5519:
5514:
5512:
5510:
5505:
5503:
5501:
5496:
5495:
5493:
5491:
5490:
5485:
5479:
5477:
5472:
5470:
5468:
5463:
5461:
5459:
5454:
5452:
5450:
5449:E. albonotata
5445:
5444:
5442:
5440:
5439:
5434:
5428:
5426:
5425:A. cervicapra
5421:
5420:
5418:
5416:
5415:
5410:
5404:
5402:
5397:
5396:
5394:
5392:
5391:
5386:
5380:
5378:
5373:
5372:
5370:
5368:
5367:
5362:
5359:
5357:
5353:
5349:
5343:
5339:
5332:
5328:
5310:
5308:
5303:
5301:
5299:
5296:Giant eland (
5294:
5293:
5291:
5289:
5288:
5283:
5277:
5275:
5274:T. sylvaticus
5270:
5268:
5266:
5261:
5259:
5257:
5252:
5250:
5248:
5243:
5241:
5239:
5236:Lesser kudu (
5234:
5232:
5230:
5225:
5223:
5221:
5216:
5214:
5212:
5207:
5206:
5204:
5198:
5190:
5189:
5184:
5181:
5179:
5175:
5165:
5163:
5158:
5157:
5155:
5153:
5152:
5147:
5141:
5139:
5134:
5133:
5131:
5129:
5128:
5123:
5117:
5115:
5110:
5108:
5106:
5101:
5099:
5097:
5092:
5090:
5088:
5083:
5081:
5079:
5074:
5072:
5070:
5065:
5063:
5061:
5056:
5054:
5052:
5051:B. domesticus
5049:Bali cattle (
5047:
5045:
5043:
5038:
5036:
5034:
5029:
5028:
5026:
5024:
5023:
5018:
5012:
5010:
5005:
5003:
5001:
4996:
4994:
4992:
4987:
4985:
4983:
4978:
4976:
4974:
4969:
4968:
4966:
4964:
4963:
4958:
4955:
4953:
4949:
4939:
4937:
4932:
4931:
4929:
4927:
4926:
4921:
4915:
4913:
4908:
4907:
4905:
4903:
4902:
4897:
4894:
4892:
4888:
4884:
4878:
4874:
4867:
4863:
4849:
4847:
4842:
4840:
4838:
4833:
4832:
4830:
4828:
4827:
4822:
4816:
4814:
4809:
4808:
4806:
4804:
4803:
4798:
4792:
4790:
4785:
4783:
4781:
4776:
4774:
4772:
4767:
4765:
4763:
4758:
4756:
4754:
4753:O. canadensis
4749:
4747:
4745:
4740:
4738:
4736:
4731:
4730:
4728:
4726:
4725:
4720:
4714:
4712:
4707:
4706:
4704:
4702:
4701:
4700:Nilgiritragus
4696:
4690:
4688:
4683:
4682:
4680:
4678:
4677:
4672:
4666:
4664:
4663:O. americanus
4659:
4658:
4656:
4654:
4653:
4648:
4642:
4640:
4635:
4633:
4631:
4626:
4624:
4622:
4617:
4615:
4613:
4608:
4607:
4605:
4603:
4602:
4597:
4591:
4589:
4588:H. jemlahicus
4584:
4583:
4581:
4579:
4578:
4573:
4567:
4565:
4560:
4558:
4556:
4551:
4549:
4547:
4542:
4540:
4538:
4533:
4532:
4530:
4528:
4527:
4522:
4516:
4514:
4509:
4507:
4505:
4500:
4498:
4496:
4491:
4489:
4487:
4484:Nubian ibex (
4482:
4480:
4478:
4475:Alpine ibex (
4473:
4471:
4469:
4464:
4462:
4460:
4455:
4453:
4451:
4446:
4444:
4442:
4437:
4435:
4433:
4428:
4427:
4425:
4423:
4422:
4417:
4411:
4409:
4404:
4403:
4401:
4399:
4398:
4393:
4387:
4385:
4380:
4379:
4377:
4375:
4374:
4369:
4363:
4361:
4356:
4355:
4353:
4351:
4350:
4345:
4341:
4335:
4331:
4324:
4320:
4306:
4304:
4300:
4294:
4292:
4288:
4282:
4280:
4276:
4266:
4264:
4259:
4258:
4256:
4254:
4253:
4248:
4245:
4243:
4242:Pantholopinae
4239:
4229:
4227:
4222:
4220:
4218:
4213:
4212:
4210:
4208:
4207:
4202:
4196:
4194:
4193:A. buselaphus
4189:
4188:
4186:
4184:
4183:
4178:
4172:
4170:
4165:
4163:
4161:
4156:
4155:
4153:
4151:
4150:
4145:
4139:
4137:
4132:
4131:
4129:
4127:
4126:
4121:
4118:
4116:
4112:
4102:
4100:
4097:Grey rhebok (
4095:
4094:
4092:
4090:
4089:
4084:
4081:
4079:
4075:
4065:
4063:
4058:
4057:
4055:
4053:
4052:
4047:
4044:
4042:
4041:Aepycerotinae
4038:
4028:
4026:
4021:
4019:
4017:
4012:
4010:
4008:
4003:
4002:
4000:
3998:
3997:
3992:
3986:
3984:
3979:
3977:
3975:
3972:Nile lechwe (
3970:
3968:
3966:
3961:
3959:
3957:
3952:
3950:
3948:
3943:
3942:
3940:
3938:
3937:
3932:
3929:
3927:
3923:
3913:
3911:
3906:
3905:
3903:
3901:
3900:
3895:
3889:
3887:
3882:
3880:
3878:
3873:
3871:
3869:
3864:
3862:
3860:
3855:
3854:
3852:
3850:
3849:
3844:
3838:
3836:
3831:
3829:
3827:
3822:
3821:
3819:
3817:
3816:
3811:
3808:
3806:
3805:Hippotraginae
3802:
3798:
3793:
3786:
3782:
3764:
3762:
3757:
3755:
3753:
3748:
3746:
3744:
3739:
3738:
3736:
3734:
3733:
3728:
3722:
3720:
3715:
3713:
3711:
3706:
3705:
3703:
3700:
3699:
3694:
3688:
3686:
3681:
3678:
3676:
3671:
3670:
3668:
3666:
3665:
3660:
3654:
3652:
3651:B. dichotomus
3647:
3646:
3644:
3642:
3641:
3636:
3630:
3628:
3625:Pampas deer (
3623:
3622:
3620:
3618:
3617:
3612:
3606:
3604:
3599:
3597:
3595:
3590:
3588:
3586:
3585:M. nemorivaga
3581:
3579:
3577:
3572:
3570:
3568:
3563:
3561:
3559:
3554:
3552:
3550:
3545:
3543:
3541:
3536:
3534:
3532:
3529:Red brocket (
3527:
3526:
3524:
3522:
3521:
3516:
3510:
3508:
3503:
3501:
3499:
3498:H. antisensis
3494:
3493:
3491:
3489:
3488:
3483:
3477:
3475:
3470:
3469:
3467:
3465:
3464:
3459:
3453:
3451:
3446:
3444:
3442:
3437:
3436:
3434:
3432:
3431:
3426:
3420:
3418:
3413:
3412:
3410:
3408:
3407:
3402:
3396:
3394:
3389:
3388:
3386:
3384:
3383:
3378:
3375:
3373:
3369:
3359:
3357:
3352:
3350:
3348:
3343:
3341:
3339:
3338:C. canadensis
3334:
3332:
3330:
3325:
3323:
3321:
3316:
3315:
3313:
3311:
3310:
3305:
3299:
3297:
3292:
3290:
3288:
3287:R. timorensis
3283:
3281:
3279:
3274:
3272:
3270:
3265:
3264:
3262:
3260:
3259:
3254:
3248:
3246:
3245:E. davidianus
3241:
3240:
3238:
3236:
3235:
3230:
3224:
3222:
3217:
3215:
3213:
3212:R. duvaucelii
3208:
3207:
3205:
3203:
3202:
3197:
3191:
3189:
3184:
3182:
3180:
3177:Bawean deer (
3175:
3173:
3171:
3166:
3164:
3162:
3157:
3156:
3154:
3152:
3151:
3146:
3140:
3138:
3133:
3131:
3129:
3124:
3123:
3121:
3119:
3118:
3113:
3107:
3105:
3102:Tufted deer (
3100:
3099:
3097:
3095:
3094:
3089:
3083:
3081:
3076:
3074:
3072:
3067:
3065:
3063:
3058:
3056:
3054:
3049:
3047:
3045:
3040:
3038:
3036:
3035:M. putaoensis
3031:
3029:
3027:
3022:
3020:
3018:
3013:
3011:
3009:
3004:
3002:
3000:
2995:
2993:
2991:
2986:
2984:
2982:
2981:M. crinifrons
2977:
2975:
2973:
2968:
2967:
2965:
2963:
2962:
2957:
2954:
2952:
2948:
2944:
2939:
2932:
2928:
2914:
2912:
2908:
2902:
2900:
2896:
2886:
2884:
2879:
2877:
2875:
2874:T. versicolor
2870:
2868:
2866:
2861:
2859:
2857:
2852:
2850:
2848:
2843:
2841:
2839:
2834:
2833:
2831:
2829:
2828:
2823:
2817:
2815:
2810:
2808:
2806:
2801:
2799:
2797:
2792:
2791:
2789:
2787:
2786:
2781:
2775:
2773:
2768:
2767:
2765:
2763:
2762:
2757:
2754:
2752:
2748:
2738:
2736:
2731:
2729:
2727:
2722:
2720:
2718:
2713:
2711:
2709:
2704:
2702:
2700:
2695:
2693:
2691:
2686:
2684:
2682:
2681:M. anhuiensis
2677:
2676:
2674:
2672:
2671:
2666:
2663:
2661:
2657:
2647:
2645:
2640:
2638:
2636:
2635:G. reticulata
2631:
2629:
2627:
2622:
2620:
2618:
2613:
2612:
2610:
2608:
2607:
2602:
2596:
2594:
2589:
2588:
2586:
2584:
2583:
2578:
2575:
2573:
2569:
2559:
2557:
2552:
2551:
2549:
2547:
2546:
2541:
2538:
2536:
2532:
2528:
2524:
2518:
2514:
2508:
2504:
2502:
2498:
2496:
2492:
2490:
2486:
2484:
2480:
2479:
2476:
2471:
2463:
2458:
2456:
2451:
2449:
2444:
2443:
2440:
2432:
2431:
2425:
2420:
2417:
2416:
2410:
2406:
2403:
2402:
2396:
2392:
2391:
2387:
2381:
2376:
2363:
2357:
2353:
2348:
2347:
2338:
2330:
2324:
2320:
2313:
2311:
2309:
2307:
2298:
2292:
2288:
2281:
2279:
2277:
2275:
2266:
2262:
2259:(3): 565–78.
2258:
2254:
2253:
2245:
2243:
2234:
2226:
2222:
2218:
2214:
2210:
2206:
2202:
2198:
2197:
2192:
2191:Ixodes neitzi
2185:
2177:
2171:
2167:
2160:
2149:
2145:
2138:
2136:
2127:
2119:
2115:
2111:
2107:
2104:(5): 481–93.
2103:
2099:
2095:
2088:
2080:
2076:
2072:
2068:
2065:(1): 219–29.
2064:
2060:
2053:
2051:
2043:(1419): 12–5.
2042:
2041:
2040:New Scientist
2033:
2031:
2022:
2018:
2014:
2010:
2006:
1999:
1997:
1988:
1982:
1978:
1973:
1972:
1963:
1961:
1959:
1957:
1948:
1942:
1938:
1931:
1929:
1920:
1914:
1910:
1905:
1904:
1895:
1893:
1891:
1882:
1876:
1872:
1868:
1864:
1858:
1856:
1847:
1841:
1837:
1830:
1828:
1826:
1824:
1822:
1820:
1818:
1809:
1803:
1799:
1795:
1789:
1787:
1785:
1783:
1781:
1779:
1777:
1775:
1773:
1771:
1769:
1760:
1756:
1751:
1746:
1741:
1736:
1732:
1728:
1724:
1717:
1701:
1700:
1695:
1689:
1675:
1671:
1665:
1650:
1644:
1640:
1639:
1631:
1623:
1619:
1615:
1609:
1605:
1604:
1599:
1595:
1591:
1585:
1583:
1566:
1561:
1557:
1553:
1552:
1547:
1545:
1536:
1534:
1532:
1530:
1528:
1523:
1516:
1514:
1510:
1506:
1502:
1498:
1494:
1490:
1486:
1482:
1478:
1474:
1468:
1466:
1465:Least Concern
1462:
1453:
1444:
1442:
1438:
1434:
1430:
1426:
1422:
1418:
1414:
1409:
1407:
1403:
1393:
1384:
1381:
1377:
1367:
1365:
1364:
1359:
1355:
1354:
1349:
1339:
1337:
1336:ectoparasites
1333:
1329:
1325:
1321:
1317:
1313:
1312:spotted hyena
1309:
1305:
1304:martial eagle
1301:
1297:
1296:crowned eagle
1293:
1289:
1285:
1280:
1279:
1278:Ixodes neitzi
1275:
1261:
1243:
1238:
1235:
1231:
1227:
1223:
1214:
1205:
1201:
1198:
1194:
1190:
1185:
1155:
1151:
1119:
1091:
1077:
1059:
1052:
1049:
1046:
1041:Roberts, 1917
1039:
1036:
1033:
1027:
1023:
1020:
1017:
1012:Neumann, 1902
1010:
1007:
1003:Neumann, 1902
1001:
998:
995:
989:
984:
981:
976:
972:
969:
966:
962:
955:
952:
947:
943:
940:
937:
931:
927:
924:
921:
917:
910:
907:
906:
904:
902:
898:
894:
884:
883:
875:
874:
866:
865:
857:
856:
848:
847:
839:
838:
830:
829:
826:
825:
824:
817:
816:
813:
812:
809:
808:
807:
800:
799:
793:
792:
789:
788:
785:
783:
779:
773:
772:
766:
765:
762:
761:
758:
756:
752:
746:
745:
739:
738:
735:
734:
731:
729:
725:
719:
718:
712:
711:
708:
707:
704:
703:
702:
695:
694:
688:
687:
681:
680:
676:
674:
670:
666:
662:
658:
654:
649:
647:
643:
640:("rock") and
639:
635:
631:
627:
623:
619:
615:
612:
608:
604:
600:
599:
595:
591:
587:
581:
540:
536:
526:
524:
523:Least Concern
520:
516:
512:
508:
504:
499:
497:
493:
475:
471:
467:
463:
458:
442:
438:
434:
416:
412:
408:
405:
401:
397:
394:) is a small
393:
392:
385:
340:
325:
322:
317:
314:
309:
306:
303:Neumann, 1902
301:
298:
293:
290:
286:
281:
278:
274:
270:
267:
262:
261:O. cunenensis
259:
258:
250:
247:
243:
238:
234:
229:
226:
222:
217:
212:
206:
204:
198:
195:
194:Binomial name
191:
187:
186:
181:
178:
177:
172:
167:
166:
162:
159:
158:
153:
148:
145:
142:
141:
138:
135:
132:
131:
128:
125:
122:
121:
118:
115:
112:
111:
108:
105:
102:
101:
98:
95:
92:
91:
88:
85:
82:
81:
76:
71:
67:
61:
56:
55:Least Concern
45:
41:
36:
32:
27:
24:Klipspringer
22:
19:
7145:
6894:
6836:
6824:
6813:H. amphibius
6812:
6802:Hippopotamus
6800:
6780:Whippomorpha
6749:
6740:
6731:
6719:
6707:
6698:
6689:
6680:
6668:
6617:
6605:
6593:
6581:
6569:
6557:
6532:
6523:
6514:
6505:
6496:
6487:
6478:
6469:
6461:S. cebifrons
6460:
6451:
6442:
6430:
6418:
6409:
6397:
6385:
6373:
6362:P. africanus
6361:
6352:
6342:Phacochoerus
6340:
6328:
6316:
6304:
6295:
6287:B. babyrussa
6286:
6274:
6223:
6211:
6199:
6191:P. maxwellii
6190:
6182:P. monticola
6181:
6169:
6157:
6148:
6139:
6130:
6122:C. rufilatus
6121:
6112:
6103:
6094:
6085:
6076:
6067:
6058:
6049:
6040:
6039:Bay duiker (
6032:C. crusalbum
6031:
6022:
6013:
6004:
5992:
5984:Cephalophini
5967:
5959:R. melanotis
5958:
5949:
5937:
5925:
5913:
5901:
5899:
5890:
5889:
5877:
5869:N. moschatus
5868:
5859:
5847:
5835:
5826:
5817:
5809:M. guentheri
5808:
5796:
5785:D. megalotis
5784:
5772:
5747:
5735:
5724:P. hodgsonii
5723:
5711:
5688:
5679:
5671:P. gutturosa
5670:
5658:
5646:
5637:
5628:
5619:
5610:
5598:
5586:
5574:
5562:
5553:
5544:
5535:
5527:G. erlangeri
5526:
5517:
5508:
5500:G. bennettii
5499:
5487:
5475:
5467:E. thomsonii
5466:
5458:E. rufifrons
5457:
5448:
5436:
5424:
5412:
5400:
5388:
5376:
5364:
5306:
5298:T. derbianus
5297:
5285:
5273:
5264:
5255:
5246:
5237:
5229:T. eurycerus
5228:
5219:
5210:
5186:
5178:Tragelaphini
5161:
5149:
5137:
5125:
5113:
5104:
5096:B. javanicus
5095:
5086:
5078:B. grunniens
5077:
5068:
5060:B. frontalis
5059:
5050:
5041:
5032:
5020:
5008:
4999:
4990:
4981:
4972:
4960:
4935:
4923:
4911:
4899:
4846:R. rupicapra
4845:
4837:R. pyrenaica
4836:
4824:
4812:
4800:
4788:
4779:
4778:Snow sheep (
4770:
4761:
4760:Dall sheep (
4752:
4743:
4734:
4722:
4711:N. hylocrius
4710:
4698:
4687:O. moschatus
4686:
4674:
4662:
4650:
4638:
4629:
4620:
4611:
4599:
4587:
4575:
4563:
4554:
4545:
4536:
4524:
4512:
4511:Walia ibex (
4503:
4495:C. pyrenaica
4494:
4485:
4476:
4467:
4459:C. falconeri
4458:
4449:
4440:
4431:
4419:
4408:B. taxicolor
4407:
4395:
4383:
4371:
4359:
4347:
4263:P. hodgsonii
4262:
4250:
4225:
4216:
4206:Connochaetes
4204:
4192:
4191:Hartebeest (
4180:
4168:
4159:
4147:
4135:
4123:
4115:Alcelaphinae
4099:P. capreolus
4098:
4086:
4061:
4049:
4024:
4015:
4007:R. arundinum
4006:
3994:
3982:
3974:K. megaceros
3973:
3964:
3955:
3946:
3934:
3909:
3897:
3885:
3876:
3867:
3858:
3846:
3834:
3825:
3813:
3760:
3751:
3742:
3730:
3718:
3709:
3696:
3684:
3674:
3662:
3650:
3649:Marsh deer (
3638:
3626:
3614:
3602:
3593:
3584:
3575:
3566:
3557:
3548:
3539:
3531:M. americana
3530:
3518:
3506:
3497:
3487:Hippocamelus
3485:
3473:
3461:
3449:
3441:C. capreolus
3440:
3428:
3416:
3415:Water deer (
3404:
3392:
3380:
3355:
3346:
3337:
3328:
3319:
3307:
3295:
3286:
3278:R. mariannus
3277:
3268:
3256:
3244:
3232:
3220:
3219:Eld's deer (
3211:
3210:Barasingha (
3199:
3187:
3178:
3169:
3160:
3148:
3136:
3127:
3115:
3103:
3091:
3079:
3071:M. vaginalis
3070:
3061:
3052:
3043:
3034:
3025:
3016:
3007:
2998:
2989:
2980:
2972:M. atherodes
2971:
2959:
2882:
2873:
2865:T. nigricans
2864:
2855:
2846:
2838:T. javanicus
2837:
2825:
2813:
2804:
2795:
2783:
2772:H. aquaticus
2771:
2759:
2734:
2725:
2716:
2707:
2698:
2689:
2680:
2668:
2643:
2634:
2625:
2616:
2604:
2593:O. johnstoni
2592:
2580:
2556:A. americana
2555:
2543:
2505:Superorder:
2499:Infraclass:
2470:Artiodactyla
2428:
2414:
2400:
2345:
2337:
2318:
2286:
2256:
2250:
2241:
2233:
2200:
2194:
2190:
2184:
2165:
2159:
2148:the original
2143:
2134:
2126:
2101:
2097:
2093:
2087:
2062:
2058:
2038:
2015:(1): 79–82.
2012:
2008:
1970:
1936:
1902:
1870:
1835:
1797:
1733:(120): 120.
1730:
1726:
1716:
1704:. Retrieved
1697:
1688:
1677:. Retrieved
1673:
1664:
1652:. Retrieved
1637:
1630:
1602:
1598:Wilson, D.E.
1569:. Retrieved
1555:
1549:
1543:
1515:(Zimbabwe).
1469:
1458:
1431:and east of
1410:
1398:
1373:
1370:Reproduction
1361:
1351:
1346:Primarily a
1345:
1276:
1239:
1219:
1202:
1186:
1101:
1081:Head of male
1054:Hinton, 1921
1051:O. o. tyleri
1050:
1037:
1021:
1008:
999:
982:
970:
965:South Africa
953:
941:
926:O. o. aureus
925:
908:
897:Colin Groves
890:
821:
820:
804:
803:
781:
776:
754:
751:Klipspringer
750:
749:
727:
722:
699:
698:
668:
660:
653:phylogenetic
650:
641:
637:
606:
603:Oreotraginae
602:
597:
596:
589:
585:
538:
532:
500:
470:pair bonding
459:
390:
389:
339:klipspringer
338:
336:
323:
315:
307:
299:
291:
279:
268:
260:
224:
202:
200:
184:
183:
164:
163:
147:Oreotraginae
146:
127:Artiodactyla
18:
7012:iNaturalist
6919:Wikispecies
6690:L. guanicoe
6549:Tayassuidae
6513:Wild boar (
6452:S. barbatus
6410:P. larvatus
6386:P. salvania
6384:Pygmy hog (
6318:Hylochoerus
6171:Philantomba
6059:C. jentinki
6041:C. dorsalis
5994:Cephalophus
5878:N. pygmaeus
5836:M. saltiana
5774:Dorcatragus
5748:S. tatarica
5638:N. petersii
5576:Litocranius
5476:E. tilonura
5423:Blackbuck (
5399:Springbok (
5342:Antilopinae
5340:(subfamily
5287:Taurotragus
5254:Sitatunga (
5247:T. scriptus
5238:T. imberbis
5195:(including
5188:Tragelaphus
5009:B. quarlesi
4891:Boselaphini
4875:(subfamily
4780:O. nivicola
4621:N. caudatus
4610:Red goral (
4601:Naemorhedus
4564:C. swinhoei
4544:Red serow (
4526:Capricornis
4504:C. sibirica
4441:C. caucasia
4432:C. aegagrus
4430:Wild goat (
4384:A. jayakari
4373:Arabitragus
4332:(subfamily
4303:Antilopinae
4226:C. taurinus
4169:D. pygargus
4062:A. melampus
3983:K. vardonii
3945:Waterbuck (
3886:O. leucoryx
3815:Hippotragus
3743:O. hemionus
3741:Mule deer (
3640:Blastocerus
3549:M. bricenii
3507:H. bisulcus
3474:R. tarandus
3450:C. pygargus
3372:Capreolinae
3354:Sika deer (
3296:R. unicolor
3285:Rusa deer (
3188:A. porcinus
3008:M. montanus
2805:M. kathygre
2554:Pronghorn (
2545:Antilocapra
1794:Kingdon, J.
1571:19 November
1429:Jos Plateau
1242:territories
1240:Males form
1232:, exhibits
1184: in).
1066:Description
1045:Drakensberg
912:Noack, 1899
901:Peter Grubb
823:Philantomba
806:Cephalophus
701:Tragelaphus
607:Oreotragini
474:territories
457: in).
292:O. saltator
219:Subspecies
143:Subfamily:
7192:Categories
7161:Q109646777
6826:Choeropsis
6708:L. vicugna
6594:C. wagneri
6497:S. oliveri
6488:S. heureni
6224:S. grimmia
6213:Sylvicapra
6200:P. walteri
6113:C. rubidis
6104:C. ogilbyi
6050:C. harveyi
6014:C. brookei
5968:R. sharpei
5948:Steenbok (
5939:Raphicerus
5891:Oreotragus
5764:Neotragini
5713:Pantholops
5629:N. notatus
5587:L. walleri
5536:G. gazella
5509:G. cuvieri
5498:Chinkara (
5390:Antidorcas
5377:A. clarkei
5366:Ammodorcas
5356:Antilopini
5256:T. spekeii
5220:T. buxtoni
5211:T. angasii
5103:Wild yak (
5087:B. indicus
5042:B. bonasus
4982:B. bubalis
4925:Boselaphus
4901:Tetracerus
4771:O. gmelini
4639:N. griseus
4612:N. baileyi
4577:Hemitragus
4546:C. rubidus
4537:C. crispus
4486:C. nubiana
4349:Ammotragus
4252:Pantholops
4182:Alcelaphus
4167:Bontebok (
4160:D. lunatus
4149:Damaliscus
4136:B. hunteri
4025:R. redunca
3926:Reduncinae
3877:O. gazella
3826:H. equinus
3752:O. pandora
3732:Odocoileus
3616:Ozotoceros
3472:Reindeer (
3417:H. inermis
3406:Hydropotes
3329:C. elaphus
3327:Red deer (
3269:R. alfredi
3186:Hog deer (
3044:M. reevesi
3017:M. muntjak
2847:T. kanchil
2814:M. meminna
2761:Hyemoschus
2751:Tragulidae
2708:M. cupreus
2626:G. giraffa
2572:Giraffidae
2523:Ruminantia
1863:Groves, C.
1679:2022-01-31
1519:References
1220:Typically
1193:camouflage
893:subspecies
663:) and the
620:was first
598:Oreotragus
511:Somaliland
466:monogamous
460:Typically
437:camouflage
324:O. typicus
211:Zimmermann
165:Oreotragus
6778:Suborder
6688:Guanaco (
6660:Camelidae
6646:Suborder
6618:D. tajacu
6607:Dicotyles
6583:Catagonus
6570:T. pecari
6515:S. scrofa
6419:P. porcus
6408:Bushpig (
6276:Babyrousa
6252:Suborder
6149:C. weynsi
6140:C. spadix
6005:C. adersi
5926:O. ourebi
5860:N. batesi
5849:Neotragus
5818:M. kirkii
5620:N. granti
5585:Gerenuk (
5554:G. spekei
5518:G. dorcas
5375:Dibatag (
5162:S. caffer
5127:Pseudoryx
5114:B. taurus
5094:Banteng (
5069:B. gaurus
4998:Tamaraw (
4844:Chamois (
4826:Rupicapra
4813:P. nayaur
4789:O. vignei
4769:Mouflon (
4468:C. hircus
4457:Markhor (
4360:A. lervia
4125:Beatragus
4051:Aepyceros
3875:Gemsbok (
3868:O. dammah
3710:P. carlae
3603:M. temama
3594:M. rufina
3558:M. chunyi
3540:M. bororo
3430:Capreolus
3356:C. nippon
3347:C. hanglu
3234:Elaphurus
3179:A. kuhlii
3093:Elaphodus
2961:Muntiacus
2796:M. indica
2785:Moschiola
2717:M. fuscus
2660:Moschidae
2521:Suborder
2481:Kingdom:
1867:Grubb, P.
1590:Grubb, P.
1380:Gestation
1222:nocturnal
673:cladogram
634:Afrikaans
622:described
605:or tribe
496:Gestation
462:nocturnal
411:described
398:found in
269:O. hyatti
225:See text
179:Species:
93:Kingdom:
87:Eukaryota
7155:Wikidata
7082:14200632
7030:10771390
6904:Wikidata
6750:C. ferus
6706:Vicuña (
6699:L. pacos
6697:Alpaca (
6681:L. glama
6648:Tylopoda
6158:C. zebra
6086:C. niger
5660:Procapra
5438:Eudorcas
5414:Antilope
5151:Syncerus
5112:Cattle (
5105:B. mutus
5033:B. bison
4973:B. arnee
4934:Nilgai (
4811:Bharal (
4802:Pseudois
4762:O. dalli
4744:O. aries
4735:O. ammon
4733:Argali (
4685:Muskox (
4652:Oreamnos
4630:N. goral
4513:C. walie
4397:Budorcas
4334:Caprinae
4279:Caprinae
4134:Hirola (
4078:Peleinae
4060:Impala (
3965:K. leche
3963:Lechwe (
3859:O. beisa
3835:H. niger
3496:Taruca (
3463:Rangifer
3393:A. alces
3294:Sambar (
3221:R. eldii
3201:Rucervus
3159:Chital (
2951:Cervinae
2938:Cervidae
2899:Cervidae
2827:Tragulus
2501:Eutheria
2495:Mammalia
2489:Chordata
2487:Phylum:
2483:Animalia
2079:53204522
1869:(2011).
1796:(2015).
1759:22823504
1622:62265494
1592:(2005).
1353:Vellozia
1234:monogamy
1228:and the
1226:dik-diks
1197:incisors
1032:Zimbabwe
994:Ethiopia
988:Temminck
975:Lydekker
646:antelope
642:springer
630:compound
515:Ethiopia
404:southern
396:antelope
246:Synonyms
171:A. Smith
133:Family:
117:Mammalia
107:Chordata
103:Phylum:
97:Animalia
83:Domain:
60:IUCN 3.1
7175:9587969
7069:1006244
7004:2441044
6910:Q623389
6862:Cetacea
6853:Cetacea
6721:Camelus
6679:Llama (
6559:Tayassu
6375:Porcula
5924:Oribi (
5915:Ourebia
5798:Madoqua
5783:Beira (
5704:Saigini
5611:N. dama
5489:Gazella
5338:Bovidae
5336:Family
5307:T. oryx
5227:Bongo (
5209:Nyala (
5136:Saola (
5058:Gayal (
4962:Bubalus
4877:Bovinae
4873:Bovidae
4871:Family
4787:Urial (
4477:C. ibex
4406:Takin (
4330:Bovidae
4328:Family
4291:Bovinae
4217:C. gnou
3996:Redunca
3908:Addax (
3792:Bovidae
3790:Family
3698:Pudella
3685:P. pudu
3576:M. nana
3391:Moose (
3161:A. axis
3128:D. dama
2990:M. feae
2936:Family
2911:Bovidae
2856:T. napu
2670:Moschus
2606:Giraffa
2591:Okapi (
2493:Class:
2472:species
2468:Extant
2225:4278781
2205:Bibcode
2118:4456903
1750:3523051
1706:7 April
1654:18 June
1441:Burundi
1437:Nigeria
1417:Eritrea
1348:browser
1300:leopard
1292:caracal
1267:⁄
1260:marking
1253:⁄
1179:⁄
1165:⁄
1143:⁄
1129:⁄
1111:⁄
1058:Namibia
1026:Roberts
1016:Somalia
990:, 1853)
920:Zambezi
651:A 2012
632:of the
618:species
614:Bovidae
507:Eritrea
492:browser
485:⁄
452:⁄
426:⁄
400:eastern
287:, 1802)
213:, 1783)
160:Genus:
137:Bovidae
123:Order:
113:Class:
58: (
7134:234381
7121:561128
7043:625111
6991:331065
6965:462596
6947:ARKive
6266:Suidae
5867:Suni (
5600:Nanger
5085:Zebu (
5067:Gaur (
4952:Bovini
4676:Ovibos
3981:Puku (
3956:K. kob
3520:Mazama
3309:Cervus
2582:Okapia
2358:
2325:
2293:
2223:
2196:Nature
2172:
2116:
2077:
1983:
1943:
1915:
1877:
1842:
1804:
1757:
1747:
1645:
1620:
1610:
1505:Malawi
1497:Zambia
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