237:
439:
893:, striking Kiwi Tāmaki and killing him. His death instantly demoralised the Waiohua force, who fell back towards the Manukau Harbour. While fleeing, many were killed on the seashore, which was the origin of the name of the battle, Te-Rangi-hinganga-tahi ("The Day When All Fell Together"), named so because the large number of corpses desecrated the area and polluted the local shellfish beds. After his death, Kiwi Tāmaki was cut open by the warriors. According to retellings, the God Rēhua-i-te-rangi was found inside of his body, in the shape of a reptile. A Te Taoū warrior consumed the God, however soon died because of eating it.
820:
665:
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605:
672:
629:
553:
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515:, and murdered Tahatahi and Tangihua, the sisters of the Ngāti Whātua rangatira Tuperiri. They pursued the surviving members of Te Taoū further south to the pā at Te Mākiri (Te Awaroa / Helensville), confronting Tuperiri and Waha-akiaki, two prominent members of Te Taoū who managed to survive. Waha-akiaki was the son of Tumupakihi, who the funeral had been held for. At Te Mākiri, Kiwi Tāmaki and Waha-akiaki exchanged kanga (threatening curses):
567:
581:
679:
351:. Kiwi Tāmaki primarily stayed at Maungakiekie, but would also shift seasonally between the different pā throughout Tāmaki Makaurau, based on when the harvest times for various seafood, bird and vegetables were. He was based at Māngere during the Manukau Harbour shark season and at Te Tō (Freemans Bay) during the
783:, storming the pā and killing Waiohua chief Takapunga. After further skirmishes, the taua retreated to the Kaipara area, however did not feel that this was enough to compensate for the feast massacre. In retaliation, a Waiohua taua invaded the Kaipara area, killing a number of important Ngāti Whātua chiefs.
474:
One chief of Ngāti Whātua who had ties to both Ngāti Whātua and
Waiohua was Te Raraku (of the hapū Ngāti Rongo). Te Raraku was a Ngāti Whātua leader based on the south of the Kaipara River, who fought with Te Taoū over border issues, and led a faction of Ngāti Whātua who were opposed to Te Taoū. Kiwi
382:
Kiwi Tāmaki owned a gigantic pahū pounamu, a greenstone gong, that could be heard from across the isthmus as a calling for warriors to assemble, especially in times of war. It was known as
Whakarewa-tāhuna ("Lifted from the Banks of the Sea"), and was located at either Maungakiekie or Maungawhau. The
378:
planted at the peak of the mountain to commemorate the birth of a rangatira) could house as many as 4,000 people. Kiwi Tāmaki's rule is associated with the time of the greatest unity and strength of the
Waiohua confederation, and was one of the most prosperous and populated areas of Aotearoa prior to
941:
around the base of the mountain to warn against attacks. Te Taoū warriors covered the pipi shells with dogskin cloaks to muffle the sound, and raided the pā at dawn. The mountain gained the name Te Ara Pueru ("the dogskin cloak path") in reference to this event. It is unclear if storming the Māngere
786:
The second wave of attacks was made by a taua of 240 men, under the joint leadership of
Tuperiri, Waha-akiaki and Tuperiri's half-brother Waitaheke, and were intended as a way to entice Kiwi Tāmaki away from the safety of the Maungakiekie pā. The taua travelled south and camped on the Karangahape
466:
area was an unstable borderland between Ngāti Whātua, Te
Kawerau ā Maki and Waiohua, which over time intensified, as Ngāti Whātua pushed further south and grew in numbers. Unacceptable killings began a cycle of revenge raids between the parties. Many high-ranking members of Ngāti Whātua were also
896:
Kiwi Tāmaki's breastbone was taken back to
Kaipara and hung upon a tree, as Waha-akiaki had cursed. Tuperiri, unsatisfied that the deaths did not make up for the deaths of his sisters, confronted Waha-akiaki, and together they convinced all Ngāti Whātua hapū to attack the region together.
873:
strategy, a feigned retreat to draw in the enemy. As the warriors arrived, Waha-akiaki told his brother
Waitaheke, "let the bird be drawn into the snare", while they pursued the Te Taoū force further up the creek. Waha-akiaki told the men to continue up the creek until they could see the
158:
to wage war on Kiwi Tāmaki and the
Waiohua confederation, defeating him at a battle in the lower Waitākere Ranges. Kiwi Tāmaki's death signalled the end of the Waiohua mandate in Tāmaki Makaurau, and the beginning of a permanent Ngāti Whātua presence on the isthmus.
1611:
1829:
1989:
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Kiwi Tāmaki married
Paretutanganui (who descended from the Waiohua hapū Ngāti Te Aua and Ngāti Pare), and together they had a son, Rangimatoru. Kiwi Tāmaki's sister Waikahina (also known as Waikahuia) was married to Mana, a chief of
236:
132:). The third generation paramount chief of Waiohua, Kiwi Tāmaki consolidated and extended Waiohua power over Tāmaki Makaurau, making it one of the most prosperous and populated areas of Aotearoa. Kiwi Tāmaki's seat of power was at
936:
The final battle against
Waiohua was held at Māngere Mountain, which Tuperiri took as revenge for the deaths of his sisters. The mountain was the location where many of the Waiohua soldiers regrouped, and as a defense, had strewn
917:(land right through conquest), and Tuperiri along with most of the Te Taoū contingent stayed on the isthmus, building a pā below the summit of Maungakiekie, which they called Hikurangi. Waiohua remained at locations along the
1386:
486:
rangatira and great warrior Tumupākihi. Tumupākihi was one of the warriors who secured Ngāti Whātua hegemony in the area, pushing Ngā Iwi (Waiohua) residents further south. A memorial feast was held at Waitūoro, close to
925:. Members of Ngāti Whātua who were not Te Taoū, formed a taua to avenge the deaths of Te Huru and Taura, and attacked the settlements of the twin brother Waiohua chiefs Hupipi and Humataitai. The settlements at
499:
rangatira Te Rangikaketu, descended on the guests and massacred members of Te Taoū. The deaths included Te Taoū rangatira Te Huru and Te Kaura, Tumupakihi's son Tapuwae, while others including Kahurautao of
803:. The war party launched a surprise attacks on the Āwhitu pā and the powerful Tara-ataua pā at the south of the peninsula, slaughtering the residents. The taua pursued the fleeing occupants as far south as
527:"Kia pēnei, āpōpō tō kōuma e iri ana i te pūriri i Maunga-a-Ngū" / "It will be like this, tomorrow your 10 breast bones will hang on the pūriri tree on Maunga-a-Ngū (a hill at Te Awaroa / Helensville)"
807:, and attacked the Puke-Horo-Katoa pā at the north of the peninsula, however were unable to take the pā and retreated across the Manukau Harbour back to the south Waitākere Ranges, regrouping at
685:
842:(war trumpet) of Maungakiekie and surrounding settlements to notify the Waiohua chiefs to assemble for war. Warriors from across Tāmaki joined the war party, including those from Maungekiekie,
1884:
2142:
1058:") is a name for the peak of Maungakiekie / One Tree Hill. In some retellings, the location is Kai-arero, a location on the northern slopes of Maungakiekie / One Tree Hill where a
1415:
540:
associated with the summer, who Kiwi Tāmaki believed resided within his body. After the exchange of threats, Kiwi Tāmaki and the Waiohua war party returned to Tāmaki Makaurau.
889:
Waha-akiaki rushed towards Kiwi Tāmaki, recognisable by his chiefly hair plumes. Both fell to the ground, but during the struggle Waha-akiaki managed to grab his stone
866:. The Waiohua war party, numbering between 3,000 and 4,000 warriors compared to Wahiakiaki's 120, descended on the Te Taoū camp at Paruroa, travelling by land and sea.
1320:"In the High Court of New Zealand: Auckland Registry CIV-2015-404-002033 Between Ngāti Whātua Ōrākei Trust and Attorney-General and Marutūāhu Rōpū Limited Partnership"
775:, defeating Kiwi Tāmaki's forces so badly that Kiwi Tāmaki retreated to the safety of Maungakiekie. Bypassing the pā of the isthmus, the taua travelled to Te Taurere (
291:
complex was the largest pā in the Tāmaki Makaurau region. By 1720, Waiohua confederation were thriving under the leadership of Kiwi Tāmaki, and had established pā and
1706:
1802:
905:
After the Waiohua hegemony in Tāmaki Makaurau fell, as the Te Taoū war party were easily able to defeat most of the central isthmus pā. Many Waiohua fled to the
287:. When he was a young leader, Kiwi Tāmaki shifted the seat of power of the Waiohua from Maungawhau to Maungakiekie / One Tree Hill. The 46 hectare Maungakiekie
383:
gong had been in possession by Tāmaki Māori for generations, however was hidden near Maungawhau during the end of Kiwi Tāmaki's reign and never recovered.
328:
1713:
1422:
264:, Ngā Riki and Ngā Iwi under a single banner. His parents were paramount chief Te Ika-maupoho and Te Tahuri. His mother was from the Waikato tribe
522:"Heoi anō tō kōuma āpōpō e iri ana i te rākau i Tōtara-i-āhua" / "Tomorrow your breast bone will hang on the tree on Tōtara-i-āhua (Maungakiekie)"
1643:
761:
475:
Tāmaki agreed to support Raraku's cause, as the Waiohua people had suffered historic raids by Ngāti Whātua warriors led by the Tainui warrior
2197:
1455:
253:
945:
Members of Waiohua who were enslaved or allowed to return to the isthmus intermarried with Te Taoū, eventually forming the hapū known as
886:), and when this happened, dropped a hue (calabash bottle) full of oil on the ground as a signal for his men to turn around and attack.
468:
2222:
476:
961:. Despite fighting against Te Taoū, Te Rangikaketu and his Ngāi Tai relatives were allowed to continue to occupy ancestral lands at
2111:
1927:
1740:
1029:
Since the 19th century, the accepted date for the events surrounding Kiwi Tāmaki's death has been 1740, based on the judgment of
1504:
985:. The chiefs of Te Ākitai Waiohua directly descend from Kiwi Tāmaki through his son Rangimatoru. Kiwi Tāmaki's great-grandson,
962:
933:
and Taurarua fell over the course of a few days and most residents were slaughtered, before the war party returned to Kaipara.
2079:
2060:
1994:
1357:
269:
177:, while relatives of Kiwi Tāmaki were married to members of Te Taoū who stayed in the region, eventually becoming the modern
1319:
2182:
771:
The first wave of attacks were by a Te Taoū taua of 100 men raised by Waha-akiaki. This force advanced as far southeast as
2212:
1675:
2202:
1862:
1122:"The NRD site I the archaeology report to the New Zealand Historic Places Trust and Auckland International Airport Ltd"
2116:
2039:
1969:
1932:
1745:
1544:
1167:
532:"E kore a Kiwi e mate, mā Rēhua-i-te-rangi e kī iho kia mate" / "Kiwi will not die, unless Rēhua-i-terangi says so"
1088:
Retellings vary as to whether the Waiohua people of these locations returned after a period of time, or never left.
1803:"Te Ākitai Waiohua and Te Ākitai Waiohua Settlement Trust and the Crown: Deed of Settlement of Historical Claims"
671:
1533:
430:
name for Auckland, Tāmaki Makaurau ("Tāmaki of a Hundred Lovers"), one tradition links the name to Kiwi Tāmaki.
2192:
1256:
2207:
1635:
1511:
1333:
970:
946:
808:
744:
604:
419:) in South Auckland, after fleeing the isthmus. Kahutoroa, another sister of Kiwi Tāmaki, married Tautini of
181:
2177:
2055:
1352:
708:
652:
273:
241:
133:
1767:
559:
2217:
552:
392:
368:
1160:
Taua: 'musket wars', 'land wars' or tikanga?: warfare in Maori society in the early nineteenth century
348:
2027:
1315:
1244:
847:
438:
828:
404:
364:
82:
966:
788:
726:
628:
482:
Around the year 1740, Kiwi Tāmaki attended the uhunga (funeral rites) commemorating the death of
340:
284:
220:
1574:
501:
2083:
1830:"Auckland Unitary Plan: Appendix 21 Treaty settlement legislation – Statutory acknowledgements"
1794:
1650:
1639:
1634:
883:
879:
400:
360:
1416:"Ngati Whatua o Orakei Heritage Report for State Highway 20; Transit Manukau Harbour Crossing"
843:
2187:
1766:
White, John (1891). "History of the Wars in the Auckland District - By Nga-ti-whatua Tribe".
1612:"Cultural impact assessment by Te Ākitai Waiohua for Bremner Road Drury Special Housing Area"
764:(hospitality) were seen as powerful reasons to retaliate against the Waiohua, and a Te Taoū
2106:
1858:
1579:
973:, as Te Rangikaketu had warned members of Te Taoū to be armed and wary around Kiwi Tāmaki.
332:
2143:"The Muddy Creeks Plan - a Local Area Plan for Parau, Laingholm, Woodlands Park and Waimā"
1798:
1769:
The Ancient History of the Maori, His Mythology and Traditions: Nga-Puhi [Vol. XI]
1607:
982:
950:
918:
875:
388:
352:
212:
189:
163:
8:
1030:
819:
371:). When it was time to preserve the birds, Kiwi Tāmaki moved to Ōwairaka / Mount Albert.
344:
1034:
922:
855:
800:
753:
735:
616:
592:
511:
After the massacre, the Waiohua war party travelled to Mimihānui pā, close by along the
396:
304:
204:
86:
1990:"An historical narrative concerning the conquest of Kaipara and Tamaki by Ngati-whatua"
1472:
420:
416:
2026:
Paterson, Malcolm (2009). "Ko Ngā Kurī Purepure o Tāmaki, e Kore e Ngari i te Pō". In
986:
162:
Kiwi Tāmaki's direct descendants through his son Rangimatoru became the chiefs of the
2035:
1965:
1896:
1540:
1534:
Sources for the archaeology of the Maaori settlement of the Taamaki volcanic district
1464:
1252:
1163:
1055:
938:
906:
459:
375:
257:
208:
196:
144:
1450:
427:
2149:
1836:
1480:
1393:
792:
185:
129:
1985:
1735:
954:
408:
200:
1042:
174:
125:
90:
65:
1922:
958:
780:
265:
216:
117:
1505:"Statement of evidence of Ngarimu Alan Huiroa Blair on behalf of the plaintiff"
1155:
1038:
990:
942:
pā occurred immediately after the capture of the isthmus, or many years later.
170:
1355:(1919). "Rangi-hua-moa. A Legend of the Moa in Waitemata District, Auckland".
2171:
1957:
1953:
1900:
1468:
796:
698:
664:
512:
463:
443:
1121:
1059:
268:, and was a famed agriculturalist, who managed Nga Māra a Tahuri, extensive
244:
was the seat of power for Kiwi Tāmaki, and was the location of an elaborate
1117:
776:
717:
640:
336:
61:
1484:
412:
1679:
926:
492:
451:
320:
148:
147:
tribes to the north-west, by murdering guests at a funeral feast held at
1476:
859:
496:
308:
2058:(1925). "Te Toka-Te-Whenua. A Relic of the Ancient Waiohua of Tamaki".
1793:
1446:
1010:
949:. Many hapū of Waiohua did not intermarry with Ngāti Whātua, including
930:
863:
834:
Kiwi Tāmaki, livid at the attacks on the Āwhitu Peninsula, sounded the
367:) where birds could be snared in the forested gullies, and at Te Pāhī (
324:
505:
483:
296:
261:
155:
772:
374:
The Maungakiekie pā complex (also known as Te Tōtara-i-āhua, after a
356:
300:
1072:
839:
292:
1076:
994:
851:
804:
312:
277:
981:
Kiwi Tāmaki is considered the progenitor and founding ancestor of
910:
537:
488:
447:
316:
121:
1001:
is named after his great-great-grandson, Te Wirihana Takaanini.
913:, or were enslaved. Te Taoū believed the result of this war was
869:
Vastly outnumbered, Waha-akiaki ordered his warriors to adopt a
495:. During the feast, Kiwi Tāmaki and Waiohua forces, assisted by
178:
152:
1071:
Variously a tree atop Maunga-a-Ngū in modern Helensville, or a
295:
at most of the volcanic peaks of the Auckland isthmus and the
824:
433:
1583:. Vol. XXIV, no. 3572. 30 December 1868. p. 4
691:
Places mentioned in the war between Ngāti Whātua and Waiohua
288:
245:
137:
998:
890:
835:
765:
823:
The site of Te-Rangi-hinganga-tahi, looking south towards
1628:
1314:
166:
1451:"Pa of the Auckland Isthmus: An Archaeological Analysis"
1380:
1378:
1376:
1374:
1372:
1041:
argued that this was much later due to the genealogy of
2137:
2135:
2133:
426:
While there are many explanations for the etymology of
1962:
The Māori history and legends of the Waitākere Ranges
1700:
1698:
1696:
1407:
1369:
467:
close relatives of the Waiohua ruling class, such as
2130:
1857:
1045:, and that the events took place in the 1780s/1790s.
760:
The massacre and the extreme breach of Ngāti Whātua
1789:
1787:
1780:– via New Zealand Electronic Text Collection.
827:. Much of the battlefield is covered by the modern
814:
508:hapū Ngāti Rua-Ngaio may have been among the dead.
359:parrot, Kiwi was based at Ngutuwera (in modern-day
195:Much of what is known about Kiwi Tāmaki is through
1693:
1946:
1606:
355:shark season. During the migratory season of the
2169:
2021:
2019:
2017:
1784:
1707:"Ngāti Te Ata Cultural Values Assessment Report"
1676:"The rise and fall of the pine on One Tree Hill"
1387:"Te Tātua a Riukiuta Three Kings Heritage Study"
701:(including Waitūoro, Mimihānui pā, Maunga-a-Ngū)
256:was the founder of Waiohua, a union between the
1347:
1345:
1343:
1310:
1308:
1306:
1304:
1302:
1300:
1298:
1296:
1294:
1292:
1290:
1288:
1158:(2003). "Tāmaki-makau-rau (Auckland isthmus)".
2048:
1952:
1286:
1284:
1282:
1280:
1278:
1276:
1274:
1272:
1270:
1268:
454:) were the site of Waiohua's attack on Te Taoū
399:. Together they lived at Mangonui (modern-day
2014:
1885:"Genealogies as a Basis for Maori Chronology"
1602:
1600:
1598:
1569:
1567:
1565:
1563:
1251:. Auckland University Press. pp. 36–45.
1115:
1456:Records of the Auckland Institute and Museum
1340:
1111:
1109:
1107:
1105:
878:(likely close to the site of the modern-day
1923:"Tāmaki tribes - Tribal history and places"
1445:
1441:
1439:
1384:
1265:
1075:tree on Tauwhare (opposite Reweti Marae at
2107:"Tāwhirimātea – the weather - The seasons"
2072:
1824:
1822:
1669:
1667:
1595:
1560:
1385:Pishief, Dr Elizabeth; Adam, John (2015).
446:, Waitūoro and Mimihānui (near modern-day
434:Massacre at the Ngāti Whātua funeral feast
143:Around the year 1740, Kiwi Tāmaki angered
1704:
1644:"Deed of Settlement of Historical Claims"
1575:"The Orakei Case. Interlocutory Judgment"
1413:
1150:
1148:
1146:
1144:
1142:
1102:
2025:
1882:
1733:
1498:
1496:
1494:
1436:
1239:
1237:
1235:
1233:
1231:
1229:
1227:
1225:
1223:
1221:
1219:
1217:
1215:
1213:
1211:
1209:
1207:
1205:
1203:
1201:
1199:
818:
458:Waiohua's relationship with Te Taoū and
437:
235:
2112:Te Ara: The Encyclopedia of New Zealand
1984:
1928:Te Ara: The Encyclopedia of New Zealand
1819:
1741:Te Ara: The Encyclopedia of New Zealand
1664:
1638:; Ngāti Whātua Ōrākei Trustee Limited;
1197:
1195:
1193:
1191:
1189:
1187:
1185:
1183:
1181:
1179:
1162:. Auckland: Penguin. pp. 206–211.
1154:
442:The Ngāti Whātua settlements along the
231:
2170:
2054:
1920:
1539:(Report). Department of Conservation.
1531:
1351:
1139:
2104:
2061:The Journal of the Polynesian Society
1995:The Journal of the Polynesian Society
1978:
1889:The Journal of the Polynesian Society
1765:
1759:
1734:Margaret, McClure (6 December 2007).
1502:
1491:
1358:The Journal of the Polynesian Society
1243:
411:tradition, Waikahina married Noia, a
1705:Patterson, Malcolm (February 2021).
1673:
1414:Patterson, Malcolm (21 March 2008).
1176:
479:, and waited for an opportune time.
305:Māngere Mountain / Te Pane-o-Mataaho
2080:"Auckland: Conquerors and settlers"
543:
471:and Kiwi Tāmaki, who were cousins.
391:, the iwi who primarily resided in
120:warrior and paramount chief of the
13:
1921:Taonui, Rāwiri (8 February 2005).
1863:"Franklin Local Board Open Agenda"
1714:Environmental Protection Authority
1423:Environmental Protection Authority
779:) to the east at the mouth of the
203:, 19th century court cases in the
14:
2234:
2198:18th-century Māori tribal leaders
2117:Ministry for Culture and Heritage
1964:. The Lodestar Press. p. 7.
1933:Ministry for Culture and Heritage
1746:Ministry for Culture and Heritage
1736:"Auckland region - Māori history"
1249:From Tamaki-makau-rau to Auckland
1079:), further south along the river.
536:Rēhua-i-te-rangi is a god of the
345:Te Tatua-a-Riukiuta / Three Kings
2223:18th-century monarchs in Oceania
2034:. Random House. pp. 51–54.
1674:Rose, Hanahiva (15 April 2021).
815:Battle of Te-Rangi-hinganga-tahi
677:
670:
663:
651:
639:
627:
615:
603:
591:
579:
565:
558:
551:
415:chief who settled at Te Maketū (
2098:
1914:
1876:
1851:
1727:
1525:
1082:
1065:
1048:
407:). Alternatively, according to
136:, which was the most elaborate
2032:West: The History of Waitakere
1503:Blair, Ngarimu (2 June 2021).
1023:
976:
791:), constructing rafts made of
1:
2105:Keane, Basil (12 June 2006).
1872:– via Auckland Council.
1624:– via Auckland Council.
1095:
199:leader and folklore recorder
110:
75:
40:
900:
709:Maungakiekie / One Tree Hill
301:Maungarei / Mount Wellington
274:Maungakiekie / One Tree Hill
272:plantations located between
242:Maungakiekie / One Tree Hill
151:. This led the Ngāti Whātua
7:
2183:18th century in New Zealand
1883:Roberton, J. B. W. (1956).
1004:
799:overnight and reaching the
207:, and oral traditions from
10:
2239:
1033:of the Ōrākei case of the
795:(bulrushes), crossing the
379:the arrival of Europeans.
252:Kiwi Tāmaki's grandfather
226:
30:Paramount chief of Waiohua
16:Paramount chief of Waiohua
2203:Monarchs killed in action
1316:High Court of New Zealand
1054:Tōtara-i-āhua ("The Lone
989:, is the namesake of the
809:Paruroa (Big Muddy Creek)
745:Paruroa (Big Muddy Creek)
96:
71:
57:
49:
35:
28:
23:
2213:Te Ākitai Waiohua people
1591:– via Papers Past.
1016:
971:Ōtāhuhu / Mount Richmond
963:Mutukaroa / Hamlins Hill
864:Moerangi / Mount Gabriel
829:Lower Nihotupu Reservoir
462:tribes was complex. The
319:, Omahu, Te Umuponga at
283:Kiwi Tāmaki was born on
967:Rarotonga / Mount Smart
848:Ōwairaka / Mount Albert
349:Ōwairaka / Mount Albert
341:Rarotonga / Mount Smart
285:Maungawhau / Mount Eden
2084:The New Zealand Herald
1795:New Zealand Government
1651:New Zealand Government
1532:Bulmer, Susan (1994).
884:Scenic Drive, Auckland
880:Arataki Visitor Centre
831:
534:
455:
249:
2193:Legendary progenitors
2030:; Kerr, Ruth (eds.).
1037:. In 2003, historian
822:
727:Karangahape Peninsula
517:
441:
299:peninsula, including
270:kūmara (sweet potato)
239:
140:complex in Aotearoa.
39:Early 18th century –
2208:People from Auckland
1859:Franklin Local Board
1801:(12 November 2021).
1580:Daily Southern Cross
232:Early life and reign
2178:18th-century births
2068:(2 (134)): 175–179.
1861:(3 December 2019).
1642:(5 November 2011).
1636:Ngāti Whātua Ōrākei
1512:Ngāti Whātua Ōrākei
1334:Ngāti Whātua Ōrākei
1318:(9 February 2021).
1116:Campbell, Matthew;
1031:Francis Dart Fenton
997:, while the suburb
947:Ngāti Whātua Ōrākei
844:Te Tātua-o-Riukiuta
504:and members of the
182:Ngāti Whātua Ōrākei
2152:. 13 February 2014
1365:(2 (110): 107–110.
1120:(31 August 2011).
832:
787:Peninsula (modern
456:
250:
240:The volcanic peak
221:Ngāi Tai ki Tāmaki
2218:Te Waiohua people
2028:Macdonald, Finlay
1958:Hayward, Bruce W.
1799:Te Ākitai Waiohua
1608:Te Ākitai Waiohua
1035:Native Land Court
983:Te Ākitai Waiohua
951:Te Ākitai Waiohua
919:Waitematā Harbour
907:Franklin District
876:Waitematā Harbour
389:Te Kawerau ā Maki
353:Waitematā Harbour
213:Te Ākitai Waiohua
211:tribes including
190:Waitematā Harbour
164:Te Ākitai Waiohua
124:confederation in
104:
103:
2230:
2162:
2161:
2159:
2157:
2150:Auckland Council
2147:
2139:
2128:
2127:
2125:
2123:
2102:
2096:
2095:
2093:
2091:
2086:. 24 August 2010
2076:
2070:
2069:
2052:
2046:
2045:
2023:
2012:
2011:
2009:
2007:
1982:
1976:
1975:
1954:Diamond, John T.
1950:
1944:
1943:
1941:
1939:
1918:
1912:
1911:
1909:
1907:
1880:
1874:
1873:
1871:
1869:
1855:
1849:
1848:
1846:
1844:
1837:Auckland Council
1834:
1826:
1817:
1816:
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1807:
1791:
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1763:
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1443:
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1405:
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1402:
1400:
1394:Auckland Council
1391:
1382:
1367:
1366:
1349:
1338:
1337:
1331:
1329:
1324:
1312:
1263:
1262:
1241:
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1152:
1137:
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1134:
1132:
1126:
1113:
1089:
1086:
1080:
1069:
1063:
1052:
1046:
1027:
987:Ihaka Taka-anini
923:Māngere Mountain
801:Āwhitu Peninsula
754:Māngere Mountain
751:
742:
736:Āwhitu Peninsula
733:
724:
715:
706:
696:
687:
681:
680:
674:
667:
660:
655:
648:
643:
636:
631:
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619:
612:
607:
600:
595:
588:
583:
582:
576:
569:
568:
562:
555:
544:War with Te Taoū
397:Waitākere Ranges
329:Point Resolution
205:Māori Land Court
186:Auckland isthmus
130:Auckland isthmus
115:
112:
87:Waitākere Ranges
80:
77:
45:
42:
21:
20:
2238:
2237:
2233:
2232:
2231:
2229:
2228:
2227:
2168:
2167:
2166:
2165:
2155:
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2145:
2141:
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2131:
2121:
2119:
2103:
2099:
2089:
2087:
2078:
2077:
2073:
2053:
2049:
2042:
2024:
2015:
2005:
2003:
1983:
1979:
1972:
1951:
1947:
1937:
1935:
1919:
1915:
1905:
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1881:
1877:
1867:
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1398:
1396:
1389:
1383:
1370:
1350:
1341:
1327:
1325:
1322:
1313:
1266:
1259:
1245:Stone, R. C. J.
1242:
1177:
1170:
1156:Ballara, Angela
1153:
1140:
1130:
1128:
1124:
1114:
1103:
1098:
1093:
1092:
1087:
1083:
1070:
1066:
1053:
1049:
1043:Apihai Te Kawau
1028:
1024:
1019:
1007:
979:
903:
817:
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566:
563:
556:
546:
528:
523:
491:and modern-day
436:
234:
229:
184:, based on the
175:Manukau Harbour
173:and around the
126:Tāmaki Makaurau
113:
91:Tāmaki Makaurau
81:
78:
66:Tāmaki Makaurau
43:
17:
12:
11:
5:
2236:
2226:
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2220:
2215:
2210:
2205:
2200:
2195:
2190:
2185:
2180:
2164:
2163:
2129:
2097:
2071:
2056:Graham, George
2047:
2040:
2013:
2002:(128): 229–237
1986:Tūhaere, Paora
1977:
1970:
1945:
1913:
1875:
1850:
1818:
1783:
1758:
1726:
1692:
1663:
1627:
1594:
1559:
1545:
1524:
1490:
1435:
1406:
1368:
1353:Graham, George
1339:
1264:
1257:
1175:
1168:
1138:
1127:. CFG Heritage
1100:
1099:
1097:
1094:
1091:
1090:
1081:
1064:
1047:
1039:Angela Ballara
1021:
1020:
1018:
1015:
1014:
1013:
1006:
1003:
991:South Auckland
978:
975:
902:
899:
871:hawaiki-pepeke
846:(Thee Kings),
816:
813:
748:
739:
730:
721:
712:
703:
693:
690:
683:
676:
669:
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590:
585:
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571:
564:
557:
550:
549:
548:
547:
545:
542:
435:
432:
428:Māori language
233:
230:
228:
225:
171:South Auckland
102:
101:
100:Paretutanganui
98:
94:
93:
73:
69:
68:
59:
55:
54:
53:Te Ika-maupoho
51:
47:
46:
37:
33:
32:
26:
25:
15:
9:
6:
4:
3:
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2041:9781869790080
2037:
2033:
2029:
2022:
2020:
2018:
2001:
1997:
1996:
1991:
1987:
1981:
1973:
1971:9781877431210
1967:
1963:
1959:
1955:
1949:
1934:
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1546:0-478-01552-6
1542:
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1171:
1169:9780143018896
1165:
1161:
1157:
1151:
1149:
1147:
1145:
1143:
1123:
1119:
1118:Furey, Louise
1112:
1110:
1108:
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1101:
1085:
1078:
1074:
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1008:
1002:
1000:
996:
992:
988:
984:
974:
972:
968:
964:
960:
956:
955:Ngāti Tamaoho
952:
948:
943:
940:
934:
932:
928:
924:
920:
916:
912:
908:
898:
894:
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867:
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853:
849:
845:
841:
837:
830:
826:
821:
812:
810:
806:
802:
798:
797:Manukau Heads
794:
790:
784:
782:
778:
774:
769:
767:
763:
755:
746:
737:
728:
719:
710:
700:
686:
673:
666:
654:
642:
630:
618:
606:
594:
561:
554:
541:
539:
533:
531:
526:
521:
516:
514:
513:Kaipara River
509:
507:
503:
498:
494:
490:
485:
480:
478:
472:
470:
465:
464:Kaipara River
461:
453:
449:
445:
444:Kaipara River
440:
431:
429:
424:
422:
421:Ngāti Tāhinga
418:
414:
410:
409:Ngāti Tamaoho
406:
402:
398:
394:
393:West Auckland
390:
384:
380:
377:
372:
370:
369:Herald Island
366:
362:
358:
354:
350:
346:
342:
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318:
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224:
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218:
214:
210:
206:
202:
201:Paora Tūhaere
198:
193:
191:
187:
183:
180:
176:
172:
168:
165:
160:
157:
154:
150:
149:South Kaipara
146:
141:
139:
135:
131:
127:
123:
119:
108:
99:
95:
92:
88:
84:
74:
70:
67:
63:
60:
56:
52:
48:
38:
34:
31:
27:
22:
19:
2188:1740s deaths
2154:. Retrieved
2120:. Retrieved
2110:
2100:
2088:. Retrieved
2074:
2065:
2059:
2050:
2031:
2004:. Retrieved
1999:
1993:
1980:
1961:
1948:
1936:. Retrieved
1926:
1916:
1904:. Retrieved
1895:(1): 45–54.
1892:
1888:
1878:
1866:. Retrieved
1853:
1841:. Retrieved
1809:. Retrieved
1774:. Retrieved
1772:. p. 51
1768:
1761:
1749:. Retrieved
1739:
1729:
1717:. Retrieved
1683:. Retrieved
1654:. Retrieved
1630:
1618:. Retrieved
1585:. Retrieved
1578:
1550:. Retrieved
1527:
1517:24 September
1515:. Retrieved
1460:
1454:
1426:. Retrieved
1409:
1397:. Retrieved
1362:
1356:
1332:– via
1326:. Retrieved
1248:
1159:
1129:. Retrieved
1084:
1067:
1050:
1025:
980:
959:Ngāti Te Ata
944:
935:
915:take raupatu
914:
904:
895:
888:
870:
868:
833:
785:
781:Tāmaki River
777:Taylors Hill
770:
768:was formed.
762:manaakitanga
759:
535:
530:Kiwi Tāmaki:
529:
525:Waha-akiaki:
524:
520:Kiwi Tāmaki:
519:
518:
510:
481:
473:
460:Ngāti Whātua
457:
425:
385:
381:
373:
337:Freemans Bay
327:, Taurarua (
282:
266:Ngāti Mahuta
258:Tāmaki Māori
251:
217:Ngāti Te Ata
209:Tāmaki Māori
197:Ngāti Whātua
194:
161:
145:Ngāti Whātua
142:
134:Maungakiekie
128:(modern-day
106:
105:
62:Maungakiekie
29:
18:
1680:The Spinoff
1447:Fox, Aileen
1056:Tōtara Tree
977:Descendants
939:pipi shells
838:(drum) and
493:Helensville
452:Helensville
405:North Shore
376:tōtara tree
365:North Shore
114: 1741
107:Kiwi Tāmaki
79: 1741
50:Predecessor
44: 1741
24:Kiwi Tāmaki
2172:Categories
1428:21 October
1258:1869402596
1096:References
1062:tree grew.
1060:pōhutukawa
1011:Te Waiohua
993:suburb of
931:Kohimarama
789:Cornwallis
502:Ngāti Maru
335:), Te Tō (
325:Kohimarama
260:tribes of
254:Huakaiwaka
1901:0032-4000
1640:The Crown
1485:Q58677038
1469:0067-0464
901:Aftermath
773:Titirangi
413:Ngāti Pou
401:Chatswood
361:Chatswood
169:based in
1988:(1923).
1960:(1979).
1938:10 March
1776:22 March
1751:10 March
1656:22 March
1610:(2015).
1481:Wikidata
1477:42906245
1463:: 1–24.
1449:(1977).
1247:(2001).
1077:Waimauku
1005:See also
995:Takanini
909:and the
860:Ihumātao
852:Onehunga
805:Papakura
497:Ngāi Tai
469:Tuperiri
395:and the
313:Onehunga
309:Ihumātao
278:Onehunga
116:) was a
2156:28 June
2122:3 March
2090:28 June
2006:3 March
1906:3 March
1868:3 March
1843:3 March
1811:1 March
1719:3 March
1685:3 March
1620:29 June
1587:3 March
1552:3 March
1399:28 June
1328:1 March
1131:3 March
921:and at
911:Waikato
856:Māngere
718:Taurere
699:Kaipara
575:10miles
538:Antares
506:Ngāpuhi
489:Parakai
484:Te Taoū
477:Kawharu
448:Parakai
403:on the
363:on the
333:Parnell
317:Remuera
297:Māngere
262:Ngā Oho
248:complex
227:History
156:Te Taoū
122:Waiohua
83:Paruroa
2038:
1968:
1899:
1839:. 2018
1543:
1483:
1475:
1467:
1255:
1166:
1073:pūriri
927:Ōrākei
840:pūkaea
321:Ōrākei
293:kāinga
109:(died
97:Spouse
2146:(PDF)
1833:(PDF)
1806:(PDF)
1710:(PDF)
1647:(PDF)
1615:(PDF)
1537:(PDF)
1508:(PDF)
1473:JSTOR
1419:(PDF)
1390:(PDF)
1323:(PDF)
1125:(PDF)
1017:Notes
825:Parau
793:raupō
417:Drury
118:Māori
36:Reign
2158:2021
2124:2022
2092:2021
2036:ISBN
2008:2022
1966:ISBN
1940:2022
1908:2022
1897:ISSN
1870:2022
1845:2022
1813:2022
1778:2022
1753:2022
1721:2022
1687:2022
1658:2022
1622:2021
1589:2022
1554:2022
1541:ISBN
1519:2021
1465:ISSN
1430:2021
1401:2021
1330:2022
1253:ISBN
1164:ISBN
1133:2022
999:Wiri
969:and
957:and
891:patu
862:and
836:pahu
766:taua
573:15km
450:and
357:kākā
347:and
276:and
219:and
188:and
179:hapū
153:hapū
72:Died
58:Born
882:on
339:),
331:in
167:iwi
2174::
2148:.
2132:^
2115:.
2109:.
2082:.
2066:34
2064:.
2016:^
2000:32
1998:.
1992:.
1956:;
1931:.
1925:.
1893:65
1891:.
1887:.
1835:.
1821:^
1797:;
1786:^
1744:.
1738:.
1712:.
1695:^
1678:.
1666:^
1649:.
1597:^
1577:.
1562:^
1510:.
1493:^
1479:.
1471:.
1461:14
1459:.
1453:.
1438:^
1421:.
1392:.
1371:^
1363:28
1361:.
1342:^
1267:^
1178:^
1141:^
1104:^
965:,
953:,
929:,
858:,
854:,
850:,
811:.
423:.
343:,
323:,
315:,
311:,
307:,
303:,
289:pā
280:.
246:pā
223:.
215:,
192:.
138:pā
111:c.
89:,
85:,
76:c.
64:,
41:c.
2160:.
2126:.
2094:.
2044:.
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