Kandahar - Knowledge

3227: 2199: 2430:), characterised by little precipitation and high variation between summer and winter temperatures. Summers start in mid-May, last until late September, and are extremely dry. Temperatures peak in July with a 24-hour daily average of around 31.9 °C (89.4 °F). They are followed by dry autumns from early October to late November, with days still averaging in the 20s °C (above 68 °F) into November, although nights are sharply cooler. Winter begins in December and sees most of its precipitation in the form of rain. Temperatures average 5.1 °C (41.2 °F) in January, although lows can drop well below freezing. They end in early March and are followed by a pleasant spring until late April with temperatures generally in the upper 10s °C to lower 30s °C (65–88 °F) range. Sunny weather dominates year-round, especially in summer, when rainfall is extremely rare. The annual mean temperature is 18.6 °C (65.5 °F). 3669: 4194: 1776: 218: 3080: 251: 1140: 1112: 1804: 1884:

the city were laid in June, 1761. Once begun, the city was built with grand proportions. It was laid out in the form of a regular rectangle with a circumference of three miles; walls 30 feet thick at the bottom and 15 feet at the top, rose 27 feet high to enclose it. Outside, the walls were ringed by a moat 24 feet wide. Six mammoth gateways pierced these walls: the Eid Gah Gate on the north, the Shikarpur Gate on the south; the Herat and Top Khana Gates on the west; and, the Bar Durrani and Kabul Gates on the east. At its peak, Ahmad Shah's empire included present-day Afghanistan, Pakistan, the

1092: 3072: 1124: 3326: 284: 118: 3677: 1044: 185: 93: 2001: 1056: 3416: 129: 1429: 7558: 1718: 3661: 2294: 3517: 1024: 3621: 111: 3645: 1152: 359: 2122: 972: 3653: 2009: 100: 165: 1068: 1340: 1080: 2059:, who tightly held on control of the city. Government and Soviet troops surrounded the city and subjected it to heavy air bombardment in which many civilians lost their lives. In January 1982 indiscriminate shelling and bombing by the Soviets killed hundreds. 300 civilians were killed during Soviet bombings in July 1984. It was under siege again in April 1986. Kandahar International Airport was used by the 291: 258: 225: 192: 3605: 2264:, as a part of a larger effort that also aimed to deliver services such as electricity and clean drinking water that the Taliban could not provide – encouraging support for the government in a city that was once the Taliban's headquarters. The most significant battle between NATO troops and the Taliban lasted throughout the summer of 2006, culminating in 2072:. However Sherzai lacked authority against other local commanders which led to lawlessness in the city, and fighting in 1993. The city's population was reduced from 200,000 before the war to no more than 25,000 inhabitants, following a months-long campaign of carpet bombing and bulldozing by the Soviets and Afghan communist soldiers in 1987. 3593:, the mayor of Kandahar who was assassinated by militants in late July 2011. Situated along the Kandahar-Uruzgan Highway in the northeast of the city, the new township will have 2,000 residential and commercial plots. Including new roads, schools, commercial markets, clinics, canals and other facilities. 2348:

had been killed in 2010, while many tribal elders and Islamic clerics have also been assassinated in the last several years. The overwhelming majority of the victims in the attacks are ordinary Afghan civilians. On 6 June 2012, at least 21 civilians were killed and 50 others injured when two Taliban

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Only 64% of families in Kandahar have access to safe drinking water; 22% of households have access to safe toilet facilities; and 27% of households have access to electricity, with the remainder dependent on public power. Kandahar's transportation infrastructure is well-developed, with 76.8% of the

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In May 2010, Kandahar International Airport became subject of a combined rocket and ground attack by insurgents, following similar attacks on Kabul and Bagram in the preceding weeks. Although this attack did not lead to many casualties on the side of NATO forces, it did show that the militants are

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in October 1747. Initially, Ahmad Shah had trouble finding land on which to build his city. His own tribe had no extensive lands and others who had, such as the Alikozai and Barakzai, refused to give up their lands. Only the Popalzai finally offered him his pick of their lands. The foundations for

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Decades of war left Kandahar and the rest of the country destroyed and depopulated, but in recent years billions of dollars began pouring in for construction purposes and millions of expats have returned to Afghanistan. New residential areas have been established around the city, and a number of

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Those who go from Persia, from the kingdom of Horaçam (Khorasan), from Bohára, and all the Western Regions, travel to the city which the natives corruptly call Candar, instead of Scandar, the name by which the Persians call Alexander.:ruptamente Candar, havendo de dizer Scandar, nome per que os

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Kandahar has a population of approximately 1,057,500 people in 2008. In the province, there are around 14,445 households, with an average of seven individuals per home. Around 68 percent of Kandahar's population resides in rural districts, with males accounting for 51 percent of the population.

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serves as southern Afghanistan's main airport for domestic and international flights. It is also used as a major military base as well as shipping and receiving of supplies for the NATO armies. The entire area in and around the airport is heavily guarded but a section is designated for civilian

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Kandahar is the regional hub in southern Afghanistan, close to the border with Pakistan. Non-built up land use accounts for 59% of the total land area. Within the built-up area, vacant plots occupy a slightly higher percentage of land (36%) than residential land (34%). There is a significant

1989:(Bache Saqqaw) placed the fortified city on lock-down and began torturing its population. Nobody was allowed to enter or leave from within the city's tall defensive walls, and as a result of this many people suffered after running out of food supplies. This lasted until October 1929 when 3250:

The two oldest known schools are Ahmad Shah Baba High School and Zarghona Ana High School. There are a number of new schools that opened in the last decade, with more being built in the future as the city's population grows with the large returning Afghans from neighboring countries.

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province's roads capable of carrying car traffic in all seasons. However, there are no roads in a minor portion of the province (3.3 percent). In terms of telecommunications, Kandahar City and major roadways are covered by the three major mobile networks AWCC, Roshan, and MTN.

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of the Year at the Middle East Architect Awards. Many of the high-ranking government employees and civil servants as well as wealthy businessmen live in this area, which is a more secured community in Kandahar. Work on the next $ 100 million scheme was initiated in 2011.

1729:, 1848. He sketched Kandahar in December 1841 from the rooftop of the former residence of the province's governor, Sirdar Meer Dil Khaun, who was brother to the Emir. Pictured on the left is the tomb of Ahmed Shah Durrani and on the right the Bala Hissar (fort) and citadel. 2356:, a policewoman was assassinated in the centre of Kandahar, making her the fifth policewoman to be killed during the previous two months in Kandahar. No group claimed responsibility for the killing of the policewomen by the end of the day of the reported event. 3262:. A number of private higher education institutions have also opened in the last decade such as Benawa Institute of Higher Education, Mirwais Neeka Institute of Higher Education, Malalay Institute of Higher Education and Saba Institute of Higher Education. 1184:

Early peasant farming villages came into existence in Afghanistan ca. 5000 B.C., or 7000 years ago. Deh Morasi Ghundai, the first prehistoric site to be excavated in Afghanistan, lies 27 km (17 mi) southwest of Kandahar (Dupree, 1951). Another

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reconquered the city by diplomacy. Akbar died in 1605 and when this news reached the Persian court, Shah Abbas ordered his army to besiege the city which continued until early 1606 and finally failed due to the reinforcements sent by the Mughal Emperor

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Before the 1978 coup in Kabul, majority of the city's population were enrolled in schools. Nearly all of the elite class of the city fled to neighboring Pakistan during the early 1980s, and from there they began immigrating to North America, Europe,

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is under construction with modern facilities. The park will have professional management for the daily maintenance of public roads, internal streets, common areas, parking areas, 24 hours perimeter security, access control for vehicles and persons.

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in Greek, as well as a full Edict, written in both Greek and Aramaic has been discovered in Kandahar. It is said to be written in excellent Classical Greek, using sophisticated philosophical terms. In this Edict, Ashoka the great uses the word

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next to the city. The U.S. also completed several other major projects in Kandahar and in other parts of southern Afghanistan. In the meantime, Soviet engineers were busy building major infrastructures in other parts of the country, such as

3408:, 7.0 m (23 ft) long to signify his greatness, but otherwise covered solely by rock chips, is undecorated save for tall pennants at its head. A monument to Islamic martyrs stands in the centre of Kandahar's main square, called 1868:) and his brother Zulfikar who were held prisoners by the Hotak ruler. Before leaving southern Afghanistan for Delhi in India, Nader Shah laid out the foundation for a new town to be built next to the destroyed ancient city, naming it " 2063:

during their ten-year troop placement in the country. The city also became a battle ground for the US and Pakistani-backed forces against the pro-Communist government of Afghanistan. After the Soviet withdrawal and the collapse of

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in neighbouring Pakistan. Due to the ongoing war, the route to Kabul has become increasingly dangerous as insurgent attacks on convoys and destruction of bridges make it an unreliable link between the two cities.

4844:, pp. 517–518. This derivation, as that from Gondophares, was characterised as "philologiquement impossible" by P. Bernard, "Un probleme de toponymie antique dans l'Asie Centrale: les noms anciens de Qandahar", 5203: 2320:

was held by Afghan President Hamid Karzai with tribal and religious leaders of the Kandahar region. The meeting highlighted the need for support of NATO-led forces in order to stabilize parts of the province.

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for the establishment of a countrywide fibre optical cable network. This was intended to improve telephone, internet, television and radio broadcast services not just in Kandahar but throughout the country.

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In another report, by BBC news Farsi, there are roughly 50,000-100,000 Tajik or Persian speakers in the city of Kandahar. The "Council for Tajiks of the south" head office is also based in Kandahar city.

629:. Historically, this province is considered as an important political area for Afghanistan revelations. Many empires have long fought over the city due to its strategic location along the trade routes of 1230:

British excavations in the 1970s discovered that Kandahar existed as a large fortified city during the early 1st millennium BC; while this earliest period at Kandahar has not been precisely dated via

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captured Kandahar again. Kandahar was regarded as important to the Mughal Empire because it was one of the gateways to India, and Mughal control over Kandahar helped to prevent foreign intrusions.

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families who had arrived several years earlier and were residing in the area. About a month later, the Taliban began surrendering in mass numbers to a private militia that had been formed by

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Some residents of the city have access to clean drinking water and electricity, and the government is working to extend these services to every home. The city relies on electricity from the

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to the Mauryas. During the 120 years of the Mauryas in southern Afghanistan, Buddhism was introduced and eventually become a major religion alongside Zoroastrianism and local pagan beliefs.

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in India. In October 1772, Ahmad Shah retired and died from a natural cause. A new city was laid out by Ahmad Shah and is dominated by his mausoleum, which is adjacent to the

2023:'s rule, the city slowly began expanding by adding modern style streets and housing schemes. In the 1960s, during the rivalry between the United States and the Soviet Union, 5342: 6664: 2367:

soldiers retreating from the city, the Taliban were finally able to capture the city. It became the twelfth provincial capital to be seized by Taliban as part of the wider

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and his spiritual advisers are based there. Kandahar has therefore been called the de facto capital of Afghanistan, though the Taliban maintain Kabul is the capital.

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village mound site with multiroomed mud-brick buildings dating from the same period sits nearby at Said Qala (J. Shaffer, 1970). Second millennium B.C. Bronze Age

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Da Asia De Joāo De Barros: Dos Feitos, Que Os Portuguezes Fizeram No Descubrimento, E Conquista Dos Mares, E Terras Do Oriente. Decada Quarta. Parte Segunda

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are included. More than 98 percent of the population speaks Pashtu. 88 center for learning army lessons. Only a small percentage of the population speaks

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runs along the west of Kandahar. The city has 15 districts and a total land area of 27,337 hectares. The total number of dwellings in Kandahar is 61,902.

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landed at Kandahar International Airport and kept the passengers hostage as part of a demand to release three Pakistani militants from prison in India.

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The region around Kandahar is one of the oldest known human settlements. A major fortified city existed at the site of Kandahar, probably as early as

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commercial cluster along the road to Pakistan in District 5. India, Iran and Pakistan have consulates here for trade, military and political links.

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control in 1260–61; Kandahar didn't come under Kart control until 1281. Later, in 1318, a Chagatai prince raised an army from Kandahar against the

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in the Shahr-e Naw area of the city and a number of other people were killed by a Taliban suicide bomber who had hidden explosives inside his

7830: 6309: 6286: 5113: 7058: 5428: 3703: 1966:, but withdrew in 1842. In November 1855, Dost Mohammad Khan conquered Kandahar. The British and Indian forces returned in 1878 during the 1620:

as governor of Kandahar in 1390. Following his death in 1405, the city was ruled by other Timurid governors. Kandahar was entrusted to the

5942: 1201:, southwest of these Kandahar sites, two teams of American archaeologists discovered sites relating to the 2nd millennium B.C. (G. Dales, 7845: 7432: 7265: 5845: 5789: 5475: 5381: 4789: 3356:

is located in the city centre, which also houses Durrani's brass helmet and other personal items. In front of Durrani's mausoleum is the

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are common. Private vehicle use is increasing, partially due to road and highway improvements. Large dealerships are importing cars from

2290:. In March 2010, U.S. and NATO commanders released details of plans for the biggest offensive of the war against the Taliban insurgency. 1897: 1304:

Kandahar has been a frequent target for conquest because of its strategic location in Asia, controlling the main trade route linking the

1128: 7226: 6156: 4615: 1947:. More than 400 local Kandahar warriors assembled themselves for the jihad. Sayed Din Mohammad Kandharai was appointed as their leader. 4283: 3552: 6734: 6419: 6396: 4216:

make up the overwhelming majority population of the city and province but exact figures are not available. In a 2003 estimate by the

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was found. Forty steps, about, lead to the chamber, which is guarded by two chained lions, defaced, and inscribed with an account of

783:". The name "Candahar" or "Kandahar" in this form probably translates to candy area. This probably has to do with the location being 1904:

had transferred Afghanistan's main capital, due to several conflicts with various Pashtun tribes, from Kandahar to Kabul, where the

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horse trappings and stone seals were found in the lowermost levels in the nearby cave called Shamshir Ghar (Dupree, 1950). In the

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Perfas chamam Alexandre, por elle (como efcreve Arriano ") edificar efia Cidade, e do feu nome fe chamou Alexandria fituada ...

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served as the administrative center for the area. However, Kandahar was of much more strategic importance, to the extent that

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is a rock-cut chamber above the plain at the end of the rugged chain of mountains forming the western defence of Kandahar's

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is also understood by a few number of the city dwellers, especially those serving in the government. Both are the official

3268: 3148:. There is a bus station located at the start of the Kabul-Kandahar Highway, where a number of privately owned older-model 6197: 5964: 5649: 4958: 3446: 3380:(Commander of the Faithful). Prior to that it was taken out when the city was struck by a cholera epidemic in the 1930s. 2324:

By 2011, Kandahar became known as the assassination city of Afghanistan after witnessing many targeted killings. In July

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community and has been their traditional seat of power for more than 300 years. It is a major trading center for sheep,

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dreamed for years of his eventual homecoming. But for both him and his newly reborn nation, the journey has only begun

4755: 184: 7278: 7158: 6796: 6606: 5783: 5469: 5375: 5133: 4972: 4940: 3817: 3783: 3402:(matting) bazaar, there is a shrine dedicated to a saint who lived in Kandahar more than 300 years ago. The grave of 1171: 283: 6066: 4809: 3589:

Also, construction of Hamidi Township in the Morchi Kotal area of the city began in August 2011. It is named after

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In 2002, Kandahar International Airport started to be used by members of the United States armed forces and NATO's

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have suggested an approximate time-frame of 1000 to 750 BC. This fortified city became an important outpost of the

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buses are available to take passengers to most major cities of the country. Kandahar is also connected by road to

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NATO forces expanded the Afghan police force for the prevention of a Taliban comeback in Kandahar, the militants'

2047:, Kandahar city (and the province as a whole) witnessed heavy fighting as it became a centre of resistance as the 1760:

and Rustam Khán. Mirwais resisted attempts by the Persian government who were seeking to convert the Afghans from

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Al-Hind, the Making of the Indo-Islamic World: Early Medieval India and the Expansion of Islam 7Th-11th Centuries

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were the rulers of the Kandahar region from the 7th century until the late 9th century AD. Kandahar was taken by

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Mentioned in Bopearachchi, "Monnaies Greco-Bactriennes et Indo-Grecques", p52. Original text in paragraph 19 of

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Through the Jade Gate to Rome: A Study of the Silk Routes during the Later Han dynasty, 1st to 2nd centuries CE

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Through the Jade Gate to Rome: A Study of the Silk Routes during the Later Han dynasty, 1st to 2nd centuries AD

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is spoken by 8000 people in two villages. 19000 people in nine villages speak some other unspecified language."

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is a new housing project for up to two million people on the northern edge of the city. Originally called the

1768:, but after being suspected of giving Kandahar's sovereignty back to the Persians he was killed by his nephew 1281:(established around 3000 BC era). Mundigak served as the provincial capital of Arachosia and was ruled by the 7764: 7302: 6965: 6447: 4921: 4489: 3391:. Kandahar Museum is located at the western end of the third block of buildings lining the main road east of 3283: 3107: 2308: 2188: 1285:

followed by the Achaemenids until the arrival of the Macedonians. The main inhabitants of Arachosia were the

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almost without a fight and turned the city into their headquarters. The Taliban introduced a strict form of

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Excavations at Kandahar 1974 & 1975 (Society for South Asian Studies Monograph) by Anthony McNicoll.

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suicide bombers on motorcycles blew themselves up in a market area near Kandahar International Airport.

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to the Shia sect of Islam. He died of a natural death in November 1715 and was succeeded by his brother

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and others suggest that the region around Kandahar is one of the oldest human settlements known so far.

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and grapes, and the city has plants for canning, drying, and packing fruit, and is a major source of

31: 17: 5088: 3472:, going west on the main highway, a bright blue dome appears on the right. This is the mausoleum of 3079: 7464: 6725: 6391: 5234: 4243: 4202: 4029: 3252: 3221: 3196:

including Barakzai, Popalzai, Alkozai, Noorzai, Ishaqzai, Achakzai, Maku, and Qizilbash Shia's and

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in the 10th-12th centuries, but the origin of the new name is unclear. During this period, nearby

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to the loss of Kandahar. The city's name was changed back to Kandahar by the 13th century, after

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passengers. Most international flights are to the UAE, Iran, India, Saudi Arabia, and Pakistan.

2328:, brother of President Hamid Karzai, was shot by his long time head of security. Soon after the 1803: 7577: 7532: 7379: 6902: 4291: 4049: 3145: 3137: 2368: 2218: 1963: 1571: 1329: 900: 6493:"Benawa Institute of Higher Education | Tuition | Admission - Counselor Corporation" 5853: 5773: 5459: 5365: 4784: 3547:, which is being upgraded or expanded. About 30 km (20 mi) north of the city is the 1993:

and his Afghan army came to eliminate Kalakani, known as the Tajik bandit from the village of

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of the Taliban claimed responsibility. The next day an Islamic cleric (mulla) of the famous

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still capable of launching multiple, coordinated operations in Afghanistan. In June 2010, a

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The Zunbils ruled in the Kandahar area for nearly 250 years until the late 9th century AD.

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Local children watching a football match at the playground of Ahmad Shah Baba High School.

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forces, gradually expanded its authority and presence throughout most of the country. The

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family who played an important part in Afghan history during the late 19th century onward

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were warring amongst themselves, the Mauryas were developing in the northern part of the

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prepare for the Kandahar Nursing and Midwifery Institute grand opening ceremony in 2012.

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was based at Kandahar and provided military assistance to the south of the country. The

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Kandahar remained peaceful for the next 100 years, except during 1929 when loyalists of

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The memory of the wars fought over Kandahar at this time is preserved in the epic poem

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but failed to convert the entire population to Islam.The leader of the expedition was

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A History of Ancient and Early Medieval India: From the Stone Age to the 12th Century

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had captured several of Afghanistan's territories in the east, including what is now

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in 305 BC and following a brief conflict, an agreement was reached as Seleucus ceded

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in return of 12,000 soldiers he received from the Shah to reconquer India. In 1595,

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History of Afghanistan, from the Earliest Period to the Outbreak of the War of 1878

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Pashtuns are the province's largest ethnic group. Major Pashtun tribes such as the

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made the region an independent kingdom and turned Kandahar into the capital of the

501: 1756:

in Kandahar, Mirwais and his army successfully defeated subsequent expeditions by

1624:

in the late 15th century, who eventually achieved independence from the Timurids.

1324:

that a treaty of friendship was established eventually between the Greeks and the

92: 7743: 7738: 7487: 7200: 7149: 7103: 7062: 6827: 6738: 6373: 6263: 6026: 5890: 5833: 5745: 5117: 5071: 5028: 4910:

The Persian Empire: Studies in Geography and Ethnography of the Ancient Near East

4816: 4793: 4614:. National Statistic and Information Authority (NSIA). April 2021. Archived from 4450: 4340: 4315: 4295: 4235: 4024: 3877: 3771: 3597: 3497: 3481: 3289: 3272: 2387: 2238: 2033: 1749: 1745: 1668: 1609: 1488: 1444: 1317: 1214: 1096: 948: 924: 892: 876: 821: 776: 622: 576: 534: 6840:"20 acres of land donated for cricket stadium in Kandahar | Pajhwok Afghan News" 6758: 6201: 4786:

The Archaeology of Early Historic South Asia: The Emergence of Cities and States

3266: 1332:(250 BC – 125 BC), and continued that way for two hundred years under the later 7627: 7547: 7502: 7329: 7176: 5562: 5250: 5242: 4538: 4508: 4444: 3725: 3305: 2277: 2176: 2156: 2129: 2092: 1880: 1712: 1621: 1613: 1551: 1539: 1441: 1347: 1104: 1072: 1048: 1000: 916: 798: 784: 768: 645: 626: 1717: 1575: 7799: 7697: 7677: 7637: 7517: 6466: 6365:

Kandahar-Quetta bus service soon By Bashir Ahmad Naadim 20 Jul 2012 – 17:17,

5269: 5246: 5230: 5056: 5000: 4928: 4438: 4401: 4383: 4360: 4356: 4350: 4299: 4225: 3854: 3567: 3525: 3473: 3450: 3415: 3337: 3168: 2837: 2304: 2184: 2013: 1959: 1893: 1853: 1839: 1753: 1733: 1726: 1708: 1681: 1649: 1567: 1452: 1325: 1217:

and in Central Asia, indicating cultural contacts during this very early age.

1084: 1060: 1016: 940: 884: 802: 696: 614: 610: 553: 334: 321: 128: 7123: 6818: 1978:. They were again forced to withdraw a few years later, despite winning the 1428: 7784: 7450: 5867: 4564: 4480: 4377: 4371: 4298:

is spoken by more than 98% of population and in more than 98% of villages.

4229: 4221: 4205: 3742: 3660: 3485: 3420: 3330: 3209: 2345: 2329: 2300: 2293: 2172: 2160: 2084: 2000: 1932: 1923:'s followers arrived to Kandahar in search of volunteers to help them wage 1872:". His rule ended in June 1747 after being murdered by his Persian guards. 1848: 1769: 1696: 1660: 1583: 1448: 1313: 1291:, an ancient Indo-Iranian tribe, who may be among the ancestors of today's 1270: 1222: 1036: 723: 692: 638: 634: 592: 403: 7557: 7048:(2nd Edition, Revised and Enlarged ed.). Afghan Tourist Organization. 5137: 3620: 3516: 3484:, is also very popular for picnics and afternoon outings. He was a Muslim 110: 7692: 7642: 7384: 7349: 6125:"Afghanistan Collapse Accelerates as 2 Vital Cities Near Fall to Taliban" 4327: 4212:

The population of Kandahar numbers approximately 651,484 as of 2021. The

3792: 3644: 3493: 3369: 3152: 2088: 2080: 2060: 1955: 1928: 1807: 1761: 1685: 1599: 1437: 1309: 1157: 1132: 817: 806: 661: 572: 364: 7300: 4644: 2241:

maintained their military command headquarters at Kandahar, heading the

7748: 7717: 7364: 7359: 7095:. World Publishing company, Cleveland, Ohio. Mentor Book edition, 1966. 6779: 5995:"Kandahar mayor killed in suicide attack; Taliban claim responsibility" 4428: 3963: 3958: 3648:

Al-Jadeed indoor shopping centre in the Shahre Naw section of the city.

3537: 3489: 3345: 2253:. The Taliban also had supporters inside the city reporting on events. 2048: 1843: 1784: 1680:, Kandahar was once again lost to the Safavids. In 1698, Mughals under 1625: 1555: 1543: 1456: 1235: 1186: 657: 630: 579:, at an elevation of 1,010 m (3,310 ft). It is Afghanistan's 7150:

In the Footsteps of Alexander the Great: A Journey from Greece to Asia

5328: 5326: 5128: 3398:

Just to the north of the city, off its northeast corner at the end of

1301:, a name given to cities that Alexander founded during his conquests. 7769: 7622: 7582: 7399: 7389: 7339: 6519:"Mirwais Neeka Institute of Higher Education - Counselor Corporation" 6367:

http://www.pajhwok.com/en/2012/07/20/kandahar-quetta-bus-service-soon

4569: 4424: 4346: 3712: 3609: 3548: 3365: 3301: 3164: 3118:

was completed in 2006 but as of 2012 no construction work had begun.

2121: 1879:

tribe, gained control of Kandahar and made it the capital of his new

1591: 1496: 1476: 1247: 1028: 747: 706: 700: 457: 452: 7410: 7193: 6948:

and Afghanistan Statistical Yearbook 2006, Central Statistics Office

6731:

U.S. Government Agency Grants $ 3 Million to Build Afghan Homes

3616:

next to the Arghandab Valley, in the northern outskirts of the city.

3504:. Close to Baba Wali's shrine is a military base established by the 3387:

is located southeast of the city, in the suburbs of the old city of

3102:

Pakistan plans to build a railroad track from the Pakistani town of

2068:'s government in 1992, Kandahar fell to local mujahideen commander, 1970:. They emerged from the city in July 1880 to confront the forces of 816:, the name of an ancient Hindu-Buddhist kingdom located between the 7687: 7667: 7354: 5822: 5323: 4456: 4319: 4279: 4275: 4271: 4267: 4213: 4182: 3652: 3637: 3480:(Baba Sahib), its terraces shaded by pomegranate groves beside the 3433: 3424: 3297: 3125: 2008: 1889: 1673: 1399: 1383: 1367: 1359: 1292: 1278: 1246:

in the 6th to 4th centuries BC, and formed part of the province of

1239: 813: 719:

There are multiple theories as to the origin of the name Kandahar.

99: 30:

This article is about the city in Afghanistan. For other uses, see

7105:

Soldiers of God: With Islamic Warriors in Afghanistan and Pakistan

7071:: A Third Century Chinese Account Composed between 239 and 265 CE. 6617: 6615: 6598:

The Sewing Circles of Herat: A Personal Voyage Through Afghanistan

5435:. London: Packard Humanities Institute. p. 29. Archived from 7707: 7662: 7647: 7632: 7592: 7587: 7572: 7344: 7010: 6780:

Kandahar mayor killed by suicide bomber with explosives in turban

5008: 4657: 4542: 4287: 4263: 4128: 4034: 4009: 3500:

of Pakistan. The shrine of Baba Wali is important to Muslims and

3361: 3333: 3193: 3084: 2076: 1994: 1944: 1905: 1876: 1835: 1664: 1657: 1653: 1629: 1602:

in 1333 as a large and prosperous town three nights journey from

1520: 1508: 1468: 1411: 1351: 1287: 1198: 1190: 792: 673: 644:

Kandahar is one of the most culturally significant cities of the

599: 6310:"Pak Railways poised to get massive funding from CPEC and CAREC" 1846:. In 1738, Nader Shah invaded Afghanistan and destroyed the now 1339: 754:

to Candar is mentioned by the 16th-century Portuguese historian

7607: 7369: 7334: 7219: 6612: 6601:. Harper Collins. First Perennial edition (2004), p. 38 and n. 5335:"KANDAHAR iv. From The Mongol Invasion Through The Safavid Era" 4935:, Vaman Shivram Apte, Motilal Banarsidass, Delhi, India, 1975, 4259: 4143: 3883: 3442: 3197: 3189: 3156: 3129: 3122: 3103: 2376:

four suicide bombers killed dozens at a Shia mosque in the city

2337: 1857: 1737: 1603: 1595: 1516: 1467:

Until the 9th century, Kandahar and other regions ruled by the

1407: 1387: 1321: 1194: 4246:. A 2006 compendium of provincial data prepared by the Afghan 1834:

In 1722, Mahmud led an army of Afghans to the Safavid capital

7682: 7617: 7374: 7324: 7314: 6418:

Salih, Salih Muhammad; Siddique, Abubakar (23 October 2008).

6387:"Hundreds dead in fighting along Afghanistan-Pakistan border" 6094:"Taliban take Kandahar, Herat in major Afghanistan offensive" 4198: 4174: 3788: 3633: 3172: 3163:

Commuters in the city of Kandahar use the public bus system (

3141: 3133: 2317: 1936: 1924: 1645: 1633: 1574:

defeated them. In 1251, upon accession to the Mongol throne,

1403: 1282: 780: 584: 4208:

in June 2010 to start a dialogue for peace with the Taliban.

4093:

Ahmad Shahi Stadium, with 20,000 capacity, used for football

3604: 3372:

took it out in November 1996 and displayed it to a crowd of

3230:

Children from the Zarghona Ana High School watch members of

1578:

granted Kandahar, along with other lands in Afghanistan, to

832:) is believed to be linguistically corrupted form of a word 525: 4852:, vol.33, no.1, June 1980/Spring 1359, pp.49–62, p59, n.10. 3501: 3427:

mountainous outcrop (blue) on the western side of Kandahar.

3205: 2272:

emplacement. In June 2008, it was reported that over 1,000

2226: 1524: 1176:

Excavations of prehistoric sites by archaeologists such as

812:

An alternative etymology derives the name of the city from

653: 649: 587:, with a population of about 614,118. It is the capital of 519: 2095:, and the playing of sports. In December 1999, a hijacked 1911:

From 1818 to 1855, Kandahar was ruled by half-brothers of

1842:

was eventually removed from power by a new Persian ruler,

1234:, ceramic comparisons with the latest period at the major 598:

Kandahar is the founding city and spiritual center of the

479: 5965:"Q+A – NATO sees Kandahar battle as Afghan turning point" 5741:"Kandahar on brink of chaos as warlords ready for battle" 5370:(reprint, illustrated ed.). Routledge. p. 179. 3348:

in 1738. This destroyed fortress is still standing today.

3313: 3176: 1499:, conquered Kandahar and environs in the name of Islam. 510: 5136:. American International School of Kabul. Archived from 5134:"An Historical Guide to Kabul – The Story of Kabul" 4915: 4197:

A gathering of tribal and religious leaders following a

1491:, who governed Sijistan between 673 and 681. In AD 870, 809:, who re-founded the city under the name Gundopharron. 6657:"Spending Time With the Karzais in (Parts of) Kandahar" 6417: 5680:"Soviet forces bombed the city of Kandahar in southern" 3288:

Telecommunication services in the city are provided by

1616:, captured Kandahar in 1383. He appointed his grandson 1480: 1475:, though it was an Eastern Iranic realm which followed 683:

1000–750 BC, and it became an important outpost of the

6041:"21 killed, 50 injured in twin suicide blasts (Video)" 5163:. LIVIUS – Articles on Ancient History. Archived from 5087:. LIVIUS – Articles on Ancient History. Archived from 3596:

About 10 km (6 mi) east of Kandahar, a huge

2221:

and provided security responsibility of the city. The

1558:. Again, the reason for the name change is not clear. 6793:"Construction of Hameedi township starts in Kandahar" 6020:

Challenges remain despite reduced rebel attacks: ISAF

5804: 4658:

Ikramullah Ikram; Abubakar Siddique (18 April 2023).

513: 507: 5934:"Kandahar, a Battlefield Even Before U.S. Offensive" 4392:– founding father of Afghanistan, buried in the city 3628:

in the centre of the city, which also serves as the

2128:

troops in 2009 passing by the starting point of the

591:

and the centre of the larger cultural region called

547: 516: 6901:Thomas Gouttierre, Center For Afghanistan Studies, 5706:"Soviet-Afghan Offensive Destroys Rebel Stronghold" 4804: 4802: 4410:– Emir of Afghanistan and son of Dost Mohammad Khan 4404:– Emir of Afghanistan and son of Dost Mohammad Khan 1900:in the centre of the city. By 1776, his eldest son 1695:("The Campaign Against Qandahār"), a major work of 1393:Inscriptions made by Emperor Ashoka, a fragment of 522: 504: 7811:Populated places established in the 4th century BC 7241: 6864: 6820:Afghanistan Industrial Parks Development Authority 5932: 5735: 5733: 4779: 4777: 1652:, annexed Kandahar in 1508. In 1554, Babur's son, 1328:(Indians). The city eventually became part of the 787:and historically known for producing fine grapes, 566: 7230:. Vol. 15 (11th ed.). pp. 648–649. 7011:"شورای همبستگی تاجیکان قندهار آغاز به فعالیت کرد" 4756:"Afghanistan's Misguided Economy | Boston Review" 4238:is the main language in the city and the region. 3457:was hewn form the natural western bastion of the 2191:by President Hamid Karzai in December 2008 after 1320:after the death of Alexander. It is mentioned by 779:(the local languages) is the origin of the word " 7797: 6981:"فارسی زبان‌های قندهار؛ پیشتاز زرگری و رای‌گیری" 6952:Ministry of Rural Rehabilitation and Development 6946:United Nations Assistance Mission in Afghanistan 6227:"Afghanistan Provincial Reconstruction Handbook" 5059:from the University of Texas in Austin, showing 4868:(in Portuguese). Na Regia Officina Typografica. 4810:"Kandahar II. Pre-Islamic Monuments and Remains" 4799: 4252:United Nations Assistance Mission in Afghanistan 4248:Ministry of Rural Rehabilitation and Development 3511: 3265:The adult literacy rate ratio was 16.8% in 2012. 1586:. However, the city is mentioned as being under 1406:") as the Greek translation for the ubiquitous " 1378:, confronted a Macedonian invasion force led by 6688:30 Power Generators to Be Installed in Kandahar 6283:National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration 5730: 4836:. BookSurge, Charleston, South Carolina, 2009. 4774: 4374:– ruler of the Hotak dynasty and Shah of Persia 3376:of religious scholars to have himself declared 3255:is one of the top private schools in the city. 7204:. London: William H. Allen and Company (1879). 7175: 6954:. Archived from the original on 21 March 2012. 6428:. Archived from the original on 27 August 2011 5971:. Reuters India. 31 March 2010. Archived from 5063:in what is now Kandahar, Afghanistan ... 4796:(Cambridge University Press, 1995), pp.127-130 4398:– Emir of Afghanistan and son of Payandah Khan 3533:modern-style buildings have been constructed. 3182: 1213:sites and with those of comparable age on the 664:. The region produces fine fruits, especially 7426: 7286: 6337:"Pakistan, Afghanistan ink MoU on rail links" 6221: 6219: 4609:"Estimated Population of Afghanistan 2021-22" 4302:is spoken in six villages by 4000 people and 2217:(ISAF). NATO began training the newly formed 1203:University Museum, University of Pennsylvania 801:claimed Kandahar perpetuated the name of the 771:offered is that the word "kand" or "qand" in 575:, located in the south of the country on the 7242:C. Edmund Bosworth, ed. (2007). "Kandahar". 5407:. Primus Books. pp. 151, 162, 169–170. 3461:of Kandahar, which was destroyed in 1738 by 52: 7266:Afghanistan Information Management Services 6038: 5650:"Soviet Reprisals on Afghans Called Fierce" 5363: 5224: 4447:– Pashto music king of southern Afghanistan 3755: 3709:Hamidi Meyna (under development since 2011) 3453:conquest. The rugged cliffs from which the 1838:and proclaimed himself King of Persia. The 746:, in the local dialect version of the name 691:had laid-out the foundation of what is now 7433: 7419: 7293: 7279: 6930: 6623:"Punja Sahib: The Miracle at Hassan Abdal" 6216: 6067:"Taliban Claim Attack on Afghan Army Base" 5332: 5256:The Encyclopaedia of Islam, Second Edition 5022: 5020: 5018: 4535:– Supreme leader of Afghanistan as of 2021 2340:. On 27 July 2011, the mayor of the city, 1860:tribes. In the meantime, Nader Shah freed 1721:This lithograph is taken from plate 23 of 1699:which is a classic of Persian literature. 558: 539: 63: 61: 54: 7080:. BookSurge, Charleston, South Carolina. 6894:"2003 National Geographic Population Map" 6013: 5647: 4957:Tarn, William Woodthorpe (24 June 2010). 4933:The Practical Sanskrit-English Dictionary 4684: 4097: 1931:invaders to what is now Pakistan. Led by 844:), which was used between 2000-1700 BCE. 734:in 330 BC. It is suggested that the name 6650: 6648: 6198:"The State of Afghan Cities report 2015" 6192: 6190: 6188: 6186: 6184: 6182: 6122: 5502:Louis Dupree, Nancy H. Dupree and others 5457: 5451: 5421: 4192: 3675: 3667: 3659: 3651: 3643: 3636:that used to be worn by Islam's Prophet 3619: 3603: 3515: 3414: 3324: 3225: 3078: 3070: 2292: 2197: 2120: 2007: 1999: 1802: 1774: 1716: 1676:that forced the Safavid retreat. In the 1427: 1338: 7214: 7055:The Peoples of the West from the Weilue 6865:Iqbal Ahmad Esmati (13 February 2005), 6817:Afghanistan Investment Support Agency, 6791:Naadem, Bashir Ahmed (16 August 2011). 6460: 6029:. Pajhwok Afghan News. 10 October 2011. 5357: 5015: 4641:"The State of Afghan Cities report2015" 4441:an Afghan activist and women's advocate 4353:, chief wife of Mughal emperor Jahangir 3975:Professional sports teams from Kandahar 3312:signed a $ 64.5 million agreement with 2247:International Security Assistance Force 2215:International Security Assistance Force 2113:International Security Assistance Force 1277:, near the site of the ancient city of 426:273.37 km (105.55 sq mi) 14: 7798: 7775:Kandahar International Cricket Stadium 7098: 7043: 6978: 6790: 6654: 6289:from the original on 20 September 2022 6123:Goldbaum, Christina (12 August 2021). 6116: 6091: 6085: 5913:from the original on 20 September 2022 5810: 5542: 5122: 5026: 4861: 4603: 4601: 4082:Kandahar International Cricket Stadium 4040:Kandahar International Cricket Stadium 3916:Afghan National Army Regional Hospital 3805: 3524:neighbourhood, which began in 2003 by 2437:Climate data for Kandahar (1964–1983) 2099:plane by Pakistani militants loyal to 1530:Kandahar appears to have been renamed 27:City in Kandahar Province, Afghanistan 7826:Cities founded by Alexander the Great 7821:Populated places in Kandahar Province 7440: 7414: 7274: 6645: 6399:from the original on 2 September 2008 6384: 6334: 6179: 6043:. Pajhwok Afghan News. Archived from 5884:Kandahar dreamers test Taliban edicts 5771: 5508:from the original on 30 November 2010 5405:A Textbook of Medieval Indian History 5367:Travels in Asia and Africa, 1325–1354 5311:from the original on 21 February 2020 5158: 5082: 4704:from the original on 20 February 2021 3320: 1962:invaded the city in 1839, during the 1702: 1265:Foundation of city and Greek invasion 7831:Populated places along the Silk Road 7244:Historic Cities of the Islamic World 7108:. Knopf Doubleday Publishing Group. 7073:Draft annotated English translation. 6905:at Omaha; Matthew S. Baker, Stratfor 6307: 6279:"Kandahar Climate Normals 1964–1983" 6271: 6167:from the original on 16 October 2021 5686:from the original on 12 January 2018 5660:from the original on 12 January 2018 5464:. London: Elibron.com. p. 227. 5396: 5345:from the original on 28 October 2014 5299:"KANDAHAR iii. Early Islamic Period" 5185: 4956: 4762:from the original on 8 February 2014 2363:. After days of brutal clashes with 2260:and a strategic key to ward off the 1519:in the 11th century followed by the 557: 7187:(3rd ed.), London: B. Quaritch 6875:from the original on 10 August 2016 6473:from the original on 7 January 2011 6104:from the original on 12 August 2021 6073:from the original on 16 August 2021 6059: 5945:from the original on 3 January 2022 5903:"Removed: news agency feed article" 5753:from the original on 4 January 2019 5402: 4633: 4598: 4529:– National folk hero of Afghanistan 4343:, wife of Mughal emperor Shah Jahan 3447:Kandahar Bilingual Rock Inscription 2083:, captured Kandahar from commander 1740:tribe, revolted in 1709 by killing 1417: 1344:Kandahar Bilingual Rock Inscription 1316:. The territory became part of the 625:, made Kandahar the capital of the 538: 24: 7846:Provincial capitals in Afghanistan 7164: 7153:. University of California Press. 7134:. London. Oxford University Press. 7046:An Historical Guide to Afghanistan 6991:from the original on 7 August 2020 6667:from the original on 8 August 2012 6633:from the original on 13 March 2016 6420:"Death stalks the highway to hell" 6335:Kakar, Javed Hamim (7 July 2010). 6316:from the original on 24 March 2017 5545:An Historical Guide to Afghanistan 5504:. Encyclopædia Britannica Online. 5478:from the original on 16 April 2017 5333:Matthee, Rudi; Mashita, Hiroyuki. 5264:. Leiden: E. J. Brill. p. 5. 5030:An Historical Guide to Afghanistan 4912:, Wiesbaden, Steiner, 1968, p.335. 1253: 820:and Abaseen River, centred on the 25: 7857: 7255: 7021:from the original on 26 July 2020 6577:from the original on 28 July 2021 6551:from the original on 28 July 2021 6525:from the original on 28 July 2021 6499:from the original on 28 July 2021 6239:from the original on 26 June 2023 6092:Akhgar, Tameem (12 August 2021). 6001:from the original on 4 March 2016 5827:Kandahar's cemetery of 'miracles' 5772:Zaeef, Mohammad (7 August 2012). 5569:from the original on 4 April 2014 5296: 5206:from the original on 5 April 2023 4999: 4981:from the original on 25 June 2021 4947:, tome 3 (fasc. 2) 1974, 171–185. 4479:– the family of Afghan President 4333: 3870:Al-Jadeed indoor shopping center 3818:Mosque of the Hair of the Prophet 3488:who had a strange encounter with 3329:An 1881 photo showing the ruined 3310:Afghan Ministry of Communications 3277: 1875:Ahmad Shah Durrani, chief of the 1752:Persians. After establishing the 1748:subject and governor of the Shia 1410:" of his other Edicts written in 1386:and Arachosia and areas south of 1172:Pre-Islamic period of Afghanistan 795:, melons and other sweet fruits. 240:Show map of West and Central Asia 7556: 6846:from the original on 29 May 2014 6039:Siddiqullah, ed. (7 June 2012). 5718:from the original on 7 June 2020 5648:Middleton, Drew (8 March 1982). 5603:from the original on 5 June 2011 5384:from the original on 2 July 2021 4672:from the original on 11 May 2023 4220:, Pashtuns were put at ca. 70%, 3696: 3412:, which was built in the 1940s. 1485:Arab armies conquered the region 1150: 1138: 1122: 1110: 1090: 1078: 1066: 1054: 1042: 1022: 970: 500: 357: 290: 289: 282: 257: 256: 249: 237:Kandahar (West and Central Asia) 224: 223: 216: 191: 190: 183: 163: 127: 116: 109: 98: 91: 7003: 6972: 6886: 6858: 6832: 6811: 6784: 6773: 6743: 6719: 6693: 6679: 6589: 6563: 6537: 6511: 6485: 6454: 6411: 6385:Cogan, James (16 August 2008). 6378: 6359: 6328: 6301: 6251: 6196: 6149: 6032: 5987: 5957: 5925: 5895: 5876: 5838: 5816: 5792:from the original on 1 May 2021 5765: 5698: 5672: 5641: 5615: 5581: 5551: 5536: 5520: 5490: 5458:Malleson, George Bruce (1878). 5290: 5276: 5218: 5179: 5152: 5103: 5076: 5049: 5037:from the original on 7 May 2021 4993: 4960:The Greeks in Bactria and India 4950: 4898: 4888: 4872:from the original on 1 May 2021 4855: 4665:Radio Free Europe/Radio Liberty 4639: 4541:– Second supreme leader of the 4494:governors of Nangarhar Province 4468:– scholar, former professor at 3672:Mausoleum of Ahmad Shah Durrani 3520:The original model plan of the 3106:to Kandahar which will connect 2359:On 12 August 2021, the Taliban 2203:Afghan National Security Forces 2106: 1542:attributes the downfall of the 1440:depicting the surrender of the 1424:Islamic conquest of Afghanistan 140:Top to bottom and left to right 6938:"B. Demography and Population" 4906:Archaeological History of Iran 4826: 4748: 4716: 4651: 3787:Chilzina View (Moghul Emperor 3706:(under development since 2003) 3691:Kandahar International Airport 3577:It recently won 2 awards, the 3247:and other parts of the world. 3236:Provincial Reconstruction Team 3232:Afghan National Security Force 3096:Kandahar International Airport 3089:Kandahar International Airport 2134:Kandahar International Airport 2025:Kandahar International Airport 1892:provinces of Iran, along with 750:. The change of the name from 13: 1: 7236:Published in the 21st century 7209:Published in the 20th century 7170:Published in the 19th century 7044:Dupree, Nancy Hatch (1977) . 7037: 6979:هنریار, ارشاد (26 May 2019). 6655:Cusack, Jake (19 July 2011). 6461:Wheeler, Tony (6 June 2006). 6308:Sial, Amer (18 August 2016). 6232:. February 2011. p. 88. 4490:governor of Kandahar Province 4423:Abdul Rehman Khan, father of 3841: 3512:Development and modernization 3284:Communications in Afghanistan 2309:Governor of Kandahar Province 1374:. The founder of the empire, 1165: 680: 146:, Friday Mosque of Kandahar, 7191:Boulger, Demetrius Charles. 7144:, 20 (1985), pp. 55–99. 6463:"Afghanistan Practicalities" 5132:/ Aḥmad ʻAlī Kuhzād (1972). 5027:Dupree, Nancy Hatch (1970). 4591: 4434:Mohammad Ibraheem Khwakhuzhi 4386:– ruler of the Hotak dynasty 4368:– ruler of the Hotak dynasty 4330:is dominant in this region. 3908: 3215: 3056: 2381: 2140:In October 2001, as part of 2029:U.S. Army Corps of Engineers 1997:in northern Kabul Province. 1598:. Kandahar was described by 1471:were considered part of the 1362:in Kandahar, 3rd century BC. 1205:, 1969, 1971; W, Trousdale, 701: 699:name Ἀλεξάνδρεια Ἀραχωσίας ( 567: 434:1,010 m (3,310 ft) 142:: The Eidgah Jaami Jumat at 7: 7130:Toynbee, Arnold J. (1961). 6909:National Geographic Society 5597:University of New Brunswick 5225:Zetterstéen, K. V. (1960). 4552: 4104:Demographics of Afghanistan 3863: 3684: 3258:The main university is the 3183:Demographics and population 3075:View of the airport in 2005 2910:Average precipitation days 2696:Mean daily minimum °C (°F) 2556:Mean daily maximum °C (°F) 2397: 2209:providing security in 2012. 2038:Kabul International Airport 1974:, but were defeated at the 1814:at Kandahar after the 1880 1566:Kandahar was besieged by a 1273:" was founded in 330 BC by 685:Achaemenid (Persian) Empire 548: 460:(Afghanistan Standard Time) 10: 7862: 7216:Holdich, Thomas Hungerford 7194:Ought We to Hold Candahar? 5547:. Jagra, Ltd. p. 281. 4965:Cambridge University Press 4101: 4075: 4005:Afghanistan Premier League 3506:United States armed forces 3340:that was destroyed by the 3281: 3219: 3060: 3048: 2436: 2406: 2142:Operation Enduring Freedom 2132:run at their base next to 2117:Presidency of Hamid Karzai 2110: 2097:Indian Airlines Flight 814 1706: 1580:Shams ad-Din Mohammad Kart 1548:Ala ad-Din Husayn Jahansuz 1421: 1257: 1169: 847: 148:Tomb of Ahmad Shah Durrani 62: 29: 7757: 7731: 7565: 7554: 7463: 7448: 7310: 7091:Frye, Richard N. (1963). 6964:: CS1 maint: unfit URL ( 6685:South Asian News Agency, 6446:: CS1 maint: unfit URL ( 6081:– via voanews.com/. 5623:"The Heritage Foundation" 5085:"Alexandria in Arachosia" 4517:- UFC Lightweight Fighter 4170: 4165: 4157: 4152: 4142: 4137: 4127: 4122: 4117: 4112: 4048: 4023: 3998: 3993: 3990: 3987: 3984: 3981: 3969: 3813:Friday Mosque of Kandahar 3121:Kandahar is connected to 3049:Source: NOAA (1964–1983) 3001: 2953: 2909: 2835: 2765: 2695: 2625: 2555: 2485: 2480: 2477: 2474: 2471: 2468: 2465: 2462: 2459: 2456: 2453: 2450: 2447: 2444: 2441: 2159:that were fired from the 1956:British-led Indian forces 1791:, who is regarded as the 841: 829: 758:in his most famous work, 474: 464: 451: 443: 438: 430: 422: 417: 409: 399: 394: 382: 370: 350: 315: 177: 159: 84: 75: 53: 44: 32:Kandahar (disambiguation) 7199:26 December 2013 at the 7061:23 December 2017 at the 6726:U.S. Department of State 6595:Lamb, Christina (2002). 6392:World Socialist Web Site 6262:14 February 2010 at the 5775:My life with the Taliban 4922:Hobson Jobson Dictionary 4862:Barros, João de (1552). 4815:12 November 2017 at the 4472:and author of many books 4244:languages of Afghanistan 4030:Shpageeza Cricket League 3947: 3770:19 November 2015 at the 3756:Cultural sites and parks 3308:. In November 2006, the 3253:Afghan Turk High Schools 3222:Education in Afghanistan 3063:Transport in Afghanistan 2189:Governor of the province 2057:Soviet-backed government 2004:Street in the city, 1973 1917:independent principality 1656:, handed it over to the 1644:Tamerlane's descendant, 1507:It is believed that the 1447:garrison at what is now 1145:Principality of Kandahar 1117:Principality of Kandahar 7227:Encyclopædia Britannica 6751:"Case study: Aino Mina" 6701:"Aino Mina Development" 5832:20 January 2008 at the 5433:Edward Granville Browne 5403:Sen, Sailendra (2013). 5009:Pearson Education India 4523:– Alokozai tribe leader 4015:Sharjah Cricket Stadium 3067:Highway 1 (Afghanistan) 2223:military of Afghanistan 2183:took the post in 2005. 1968:Second Anglo-Afghan War 1820:Second Anglo-Afghan War 1570:army in 1221, although 1495:, a local ruler of the 1493:Yaqub ibn Layth Saffari 1260:Alexandria in Arachosia 1207:Smithsonian Institution 860:Historical affiliations 728:Alexandria in Arachosia 714: 687:in the 6th century BC. 207:Show map of Afghanistan 204:Location in Afghanistan 150:, aerial view over the 7836:Cities in Central Asia 7816:330s BC establishments 7147:Wood, Michael (1997). 7132:Between Oxus and Jumna 7093:The Heritage of Persia 6911:. 2003. Archived from 6903:University of Nebraska 6737:4 October 2006 at the 5889:18 August 2009 at the 5543:Dupree, Nancy (1977). 5287: 5192:. BRILL. p. 114. 5070:4 October 2003 at the 4823:, online edition, 2012 4724:"The City of Kandahar" 4503:Afghanistan Ambassador 4308: 4209: 4098:Demography and culture 4050:De Maiwand Atalan F.C. 3926:Sial Curative Hospital 3876:2 January 2017 at the 3859:Mausoleum of Baba Wali 3681: 3673: 3665: 3657: 3649: 3641: 3632:and contains a sacred 3617: 3543:plant in neighbouring 3529: 3468:A short distance from 3428: 3349: 3239: 3146:Kandahar-Herat Highway 3138:Kabul-Kandahar Highway 3092: 3076: 2369:2021 Taliban offensive 2312: 2258:"spiritual birthplace" 2243:Regional Command South 2219:Afghan National Police 2210: 2137: 2051:forces waged a strong 2016: 2005: 1964:First Anglo-Afghan War 1831: 1800: 1730: 1640:Mughal and Safavid Era 1572:Jalal ad-Din Mingburnu 1459: 1363: 1330:Greco-Bactrian Kingdom 1228: 1162: 901:Greco-Bactrian Kingdom 853:Timeline of Kandahar ( 730:after the invasion of 273:Show map of South Asia 154:, a Mosque in Kandahar 152:Mausoleum of Baba Wali 7841:Cities in Afghanistan 7303:cities in Afghanistan 7076:Hill, John E. (2009) 6573:. 19 September 2020. 6547:. 27 September 2020. 6521:. 19 September 2020. 5339:Encyclopaedia Iranica 5304:Encyclopaedia Iranica 5283: 4850:Afghanistan Quarterly 4729:Columbia Encyclopedia 4697:Columbia Encyclopedia 4533:Hibatullah Akhundzada 4521:Khan Mohammad Mujahid 4414:Ghulam Muhammad Tarzi 4266:sub tribes including 4256: 4196: 4113:Religions in Kandahar 4102:Further information: 4055:Afghan Premier League 3823:Omar Al-Farooq Mosque 3679: 3671: 3663: 3655: 3647: 3630:Congregational Mosque 3623: 3607: 3574:, including schools. 3551:, the second largest 3519: 3418: 3328: 3282:Further information: 3271:17 March 2023 at the 3229: 3220:Further information: 3082: 3074: 3061:Further information: 2422:), that borders on a 2413:hot semi-arid climate 2296: 2201: 2124: 2111:Further information: 2081:Mohammed Omar Mujahid 2011: 2003: 1919:. In September 1826, 1826:, the father of King 1806: 1781:Abdul Ghafoor Breshna 1778: 1720: 1707:Further information: 1648:, the founder of the 1479:. In the 7th century 1431: 1422:Further information: 1342: 1295:. Kandahar was named 1258:Further information: 1182: 1170:Further information: 933:Indo-Parthian Kingdom 863: 824:. The name Kandahar ( 410: • Governor 335:31.62000°N 65.71583°E 270:Kandahar (South Asia) 7185:Cyclopaedia of India 7052:Hill, John E. 2004. 6918:on 12 September 2017 6826:21 July 2006 at the 6025:12 June 2013 at the 5975:on 20 September 2022 5593:Edward B. Westermann 5559:"Aḥmad Shah Durrānī" 5498:"Last Afghan empire" 5364:Ibn Battuta (2004). 5186:Wink, André (2002). 4821:Encyclopædia Iranica 4783:F.R. Allchin (ed.), 4575:Alexandria Arachosia 4505:to the United States 4084:(under construction) 3836:(Eidgah Jaami Jumat) 3591:Ghulam Haider Hamidi 3441:. This is here that 3167:), and taxicabs and 2486:Record high °C (°F) 2374:On 15 October 2021, 2342:Ghulam Haider Hamidi 2286:in the neighbouring 2235:Afghan National Army 2195:'s four-month rule. 2101:Harkat-ul-Mujahideen 2075:In August 1994, the 1852:, which was held by 1797:Father of the Nation 855:Alexandria Arachosia 413:Mohammad Yousaf Wafa 6799:on 8 September 2012 6627:Wonders of Pakistan 6372:30 May 2014 at the 6341:Pajhwok Afghan News 6137:on 28 December 2021 5909:. 9 December 2015. 5749:. 9 December 2001. 5167:on 26 February 2012 5116:31 May 2020 at the 4848:, tome 3, 1974 and 4758:. 8 February 2014. 4647:on 31 October 2015. 4585:Operation Dreamseed 4580:Yazidis of Kandahar 4511:– Afghan politician 4218:National Geographic 3900:Kandahr Super Store 3834:Kandahar University 3828:Shrine of the Cloak 3806:Mosques and shrines 3583:Sustainable Project 3579:Residential Project 3572:community buildings 3358:Shrine of the Cloak 3260:Kandahar University 3087:passenger plane at 2766:Record low °C (°F) 2626:Daily mean °C (°F) 2283:Operation Moshtarak 2274:inmates had escaped 2152:inside the city by 1987:Habibullah Kalakani 1898:Mosque of the Cloak 1783:depicting the 1747 1473:Indian Subcontinent 1376:Chandragupta Maurya 1372:Indian subcontinent 1336:(180 BC – 10 AD). 1306:Indian subcontinent 1275:Alexander the Great 732:Alexander the Great 689:Alexander the Great 581:second largest city 331: / 144:Kandahar University 39:City in Afghanistan 6755:Design Middle East 6661:The New York Times 6312:. Pakistan Today. 6204:on 31 October 2015 6129:The New York Times 5939:The New York Times 5778:. Hachette India. 5654:The New York Times 5629:on 12 January 2018 5439:on 11 October 2017 5239:Lévi-Provençal, E. 5130:Nancy Hatch Dupree 4792:1 May 2021 at the 4527:Malalai of Maiwand 4396:Dost Mohammad Khan 4390:Ahmad Shah Durrani 4210: 3903:Samimi Super Store 3897:Piaroz Super store 3849:Ahmad Shah Durrani 3682: 3680:Governor's Mansion 3674: 3666: 3658: 3650: 3642: 3626:Ahmad Shah Durrani 3618: 3614:Baba Wali Kandhari 3553:dam in Afghanistan 3530: 3478:Baba Wali Kandhari 3429: 3410:Da Shahidanu Chawk 3354:Ahmad Shah Durrani 3350: 3321:Places of interest 3240: 3093: 3077: 2424:hot desert climate 2313: 2262:Taliban insurgency 2211: 2146:United States Navy 2138: 2043:During the 1980s, 2017: 2006: 1980:Battle of Kandahar 1958:from neighbouring 1941:Khyber Pakhtunkhwa 1921:Syed Ahmad Shaheed 1913:Dost Mohammad Khan 1908:legacy continued. 1866:Ahmad Shah Durrani 1832: 1816:Battle of Kandahar 1801: 1789:Ahmad Shah Durrani 1731: 1703:Modern (1709-2024) 1678:Mughal–Safavid War 1460: 1364: 1334:Indo-Greek Kingdom 1009:Khwarazmian Empire 957:Rashidun Caliphate 619:Ahmad Shah Durrani 444: • Total 423: • Total 340:31.62000; 65.71583 7793: 7792: 7442:Kandahar Province 7408: 7407: 7301:Eighteen largest 7248:Koninklijke Brill 7115:978-0-307-54698-2 7100:Kaplan, Robert D. 7086:978-1-4392-2134-1 6761:on 6 January 2014 6629:. 13 April 2009. 6425:Asia Times Online 5969:Reuters Editorial 5941:. 27 March 2010. 5414:978-93-80607-34-4 5227:"ʿAbbād b. Ziyād" 5199:978-0-391-04173-8 5159:Lendering, Jona. 5140:on 30 August 2010 5111:Parthian stations 5083:Lendering, Jona. 4842:978-1-4392-2134-1 4560:Kandahar Province 4408:Abdur Rahman Khan 4359:– founder of the 4349:– Empress of the 4189: 4188: 4090:used for football 4073: 4072: 3624:The mausoleum of 3463:Nadir Shah Afshar 3116:feasibility study 3112:Pakistan Railways 3053: 3052: 2956:relative humidity 2361:captured Kandahar 2326:Ahmed Wali Karzai 2251:Kandahar Province 2193:Rahmatullah Raufi 2053:guerrilla warfare 2045:Soviet–Afghan War 2027:was built by the 2012:The Mausoleum of 1976:Battle of Maiwand 1628:, the founder of 1612:, founder of the 1244:Achaemenid Empire 977:Abbasid Caliphate 965:Umayyad Caliphate 861: 621:, founder of the 589:Kandahar Province 565: 546: 490: 489: 400: • Type 16:(Redirected from 7853: 7780:Kandahar Stadium 7653:Mulla Wali Waleh 7598:Bazar-i-Panjwayi 7566:Populated places 7560: 7435: 7428: 7421: 7412: 7411: 7295: 7288: 7281: 7272: 7271: 7251: 7231: 7223: 7221:"Kandahar" 7188: 7138:Willem Vogelsang 7127: 7049: 7031: 7030: 7028: 7026: 7007: 7001: 7000: 6998: 6996: 6976: 6970: 6969: 6963: 6955: 6950:. Afghanistan's 6942: 6934: 6928: 6927: 6925: 6923: 6917: 6898: 6890: 6884: 6883: 6882: 6880: 6862: 6856: 6855: 6853: 6851: 6836: 6830: 6815: 6809: 6808: 6806: 6804: 6795:. Archived from 6788: 6782: 6777: 6771: 6770: 6768: 6766: 6757:. Archived from 6747: 6741: 6723: 6717: 6716: 6714: 6712: 6703:. Archived from 6697: 6691: 6683: 6677: 6676: 6674: 6672: 6652: 6643: 6642: 6640: 6638: 6619: 6610: 6593: 6587: 6586: 6584: 6582: 6567: 6561: 6560: 6558: 6556: 6541: 6535: 6534: 6532: 6530: 6515: 6509: 6508: 6506: 6504: 6489: 6483: 6482: 6480: 6478: 6458: 6452: 6451: 6445: 6437: 6435: 6433: 6415: 6409: 6408: 6406: 6404: 6382: 6376: 6363: 6357: 6356: 6354: 6352: 6347:on 13 March 2012 6343:. Archived from 6332: 6326: 6325: 6323: 6321: 6305: 6299: 6298: 6296: 6294: 6275: 6269: 6268: 6255: 6249: 6248: 6246: 6244: 6238: 6231: 6223: 6214: 6213: 6211: 6209: 6200:. Archived from 6194: 6177: 6176: 6174: 6172: 6153: 6147: 6146: 6144: 6142: 6136: 6131:. Archived from 6120: 6114: 6113: 6111: 6109: 6089: 6083: 6082: 6080: 6078: 6063: 6057: 6056: 6054: 6052: 6036: 6030: 6017: 6011: 6010: 6008: 6006: 5991: 5985: 5984: 5982: 5980: 5961: 5955: 5954: 5952: 5950: 5936: 5929: 5923: 5922: 5920: 5918: 5899: 5893: 5880: 5874: 5873: 5863: 5861: 5852:. Archived from 5842: 5836: 5820: 5814: 5808: 5802: 5801: 5799: 5797: 5769: 5763: 5762: 5760: 5758: 5737: 5728: 5727: 5725: 5723: 5711:Associated Press 5702: 5696: 5695: 5693: 5691: 5676: 5670: 5669: 5667: 5665: 5645: 5639: 5638: 5636: 5634: 5625:. Archived from 5619: 5613: 5612: 5610: 5608: 5585: 5579: 5578: 5576: 5574: 5565:Online Version. 5555: 5549: 5548: 5540: 5534: 5531:Willem Vogelsang 5524: 5518: 5517: 5515: 5513: 5494: 5488: 5487: 5485: 5483: 5455: 5449: 5448: 5446: 5444: 5425: 5419: 5418: 5400: 5394: 5393: 5391: 5389: 5361: 5355: 5354: 5352: 5350: 5330: 5321: 5320: 5318: 5316: 5294: 5288: 5280: 5274: 5273: 5222: 5216: 5215: 5213: 5211: 5183: 5177: 5176: 5174: 5172: 5161:"Maurya dynasty" 5156: 5150: 5149: 5147: 5145: 5126: 5120: 5107: 5101: 5100: 5098: 5096: 5080: 5074: 5053: 5047: 5046: 5044: 5042: 5024: 5013: 5012: 4997: 4991: 4990: 4988: 4986: 4954: 4948: 4919: 4913: 4904:Ernst Herzfeld, 4902: 4896: 4892: 4886: 4885: 4879: 4877: 4859: 4853: 4830: 4824: 4808:Gérard Fussman, 4806: 4797: 4781: 4772: 4771: 4769: 4767: 4752: 4746: 4745: 4743: 4741: 4732:. Archived from 4720: 4714: 4713: 4711: 4709: 4688: 4682: 4681: 4679: 4677: 4655: 4649: 4648: 4643:. Archived from 4637: 4631: 4630: 4628: 4626: 4620: 4613: 4605: 4515:Nasrat Haqparast 4499:Said Tayeb Jawad 4488:– served as the 4486:Gul Agha Sherzai 4470:Kabul University 4466:Abdul Hai Habibi 4380:– Shah of Persia 4366:Abdul Aziz Hotak 4254:(UNAMA) states: 4203:Afghan President 4185: 4110: 4109: 4088:Kandahar Stadium 4065:Kandahar Stadium 4000:Kandahar Knights 3979: 3978: 3921:Mirwais Hospital 3894:Shkar Pur Bazaar 3749:Arghandab Valley 3664:Arghandab Valley 3541:hydroelectricity 3419:Ancient city of 3378:Amir al-Mu'minin 3202:Balochi language 2434: 2433: 2288:Helmand Province 2266:Operation Medusa 2245:of the NATO led 2181:Asadullah Khalid 2169:Gul Agha Sherzai 2154:precision-guided 2070:Gul Agha Sherzai 1795:of Afghanistan ( 1497:Saffarid dynasty 1463:Islamic conquest 1418:Medieval history 1226: 1156: 1154: 1153: 1143: 1142: 1141: 1127: 1126: 1125: 1115: 1114: 1113: 1103: 1095: 1094: 1093: 1083: 1082: 1081: 1071: 1070: 1069: 1059: 1058: 1057: 1047: 1046: 1045: 1035: 1027: 1026: 1025: 1015: 1007: 999: 993:Ghaznavid Empire 991: 985:Saffarid dynasty 983: 975: 974: 973: 963: 955: 947: 939: 931: 923: 915: 911:c. 150 BC–142 BC 907: 903:180 BC-c. 150 BC 899: 895:204 BC–c. 180 BC 891: 883: 875: 867: 859: 843: 831: 710: 682: 652:, cotton, silk, 570: 564:romanized: 563: 561: 560: 551: 545:romanized: 544: 542: 541: 532: 531: 528: 527: 524: 521: 518: 515: 512: 509: 506: 499: 486: 483: 481: 363: 361: 360: 346: 345: 343: 342: 341: 336: 332: 329: 328: 327: 324: 307: 306:Show map of Asia 293: 292: 286: 274: 260: 259: 253: 241: 227: 226: 220: 208: 194: 193: 187: 167: 131: 120: 113: 102: 95: 67: 66: 65: 58: 57: 56: 42: 41: 21: 7861: 7860: 7856: 7855: 7854: 7852: 7851: 7850: 7796: 7795: 7794: 7789: 7753: 7744:Arghistan River 7739:Arghandab River 7727: 7561: 7552: 7459: 7444: 7439: 7409: 7404: 7306: 7299: 7262:Map of Kandahar 7258: 7201:Wayback Machine 7167: 7165:Further reading 7142:Iranica antiqua 7116: 7063:Wayback Machine 7040: 7035: 7034: 7024: 7022: 7009: 7008: 7004: 6994: 6992: 6977: 6973: 6957: 6956: 6940: 6936: 6935: 6931: 6921: 6919: 6915: 6896: 6892: 6891: 6887: 6878: 6876: 6868:Football Ground 6863: 6859: 6849: 6847: 6842:. 29 May 2014. 6838: 6837: 6833: 6828:Wayback Machine 6816: 6812: 6802: 6800: 6789: 6785: 6778: 6774: 6764: 6762: 6749: 6748: 6744: 6739:Wayback Machine 6724: 6720: 6710: 6708: 6707:on 4 March 2016 6699: 6698: 6694: 6684: 6680: 6670: 6668: 6653: 6646: 6636: 6634: 6621: 6620: 6613: 6594: 6590: 6580: 6578: 6569: 6568: 6564: 6554: 6552: 6543: 6542: 6538: 6528: 6526: 6517: 6516: 6512: 6502: 6500: 6495:. 8 July 2020. 6491: 6490: 6486: 6476: 6474: 6459: 6455: 6439: 6438: 6431: 6429: 6416: 6412: 6402: 6400: 6383: 6379: 6374:Wayback Machine 6364: 6360: 6350: 6348: 6333: 6329: 6319: 6317: 6306: 6302: 6292: 6290: 6277: 6276: 6272: 6266: 6264:Wayback Machine 6256: 6252: 6242: 6240: 6236: 6229: 6225: 6224: 6217: 6207: 6205: 6195: 6180: 6170: 6168: 6155: 6154: 6150: 6140: 6138: 6121: 6117: 6107: 6105: 6090: 6086: 6076: 6074: 6065: 6064: 6060: 6050: 6048: 6047:on 12 June 2013 6037: 6033: 6027:Wayback Machine 6018: 6014: 6004: 6002: 5993: 5992: 5988: 5978: 5976: 5963: 5962: 5958: 5948: 5946: 5931: 5930: 5926: 5916: 5914: 5901: 5900: 5896: 5891:Wayback Machine 5881: 5877: 5859: 5857: 5856:on 24 July 2009 5844: 5843: 5839: 5834:Wayback Machine 5821: 5817: 5809: 5805: 5795: 5793: 5786: 5770: 5766: 5756: 5754: 5746:TheGuardian.com 5739: 5738: 5731: 5721: 5719: 5704: 5703: 5699: 5689: 5687: 5678: 5677: 5673: 5663: 5661: 5646: 5642: 5632: 5630: 5621: 5620: 5616: 5606: 5604: 5587: 5586: 5582: 5572: 5570: 5557: 5556: 5552: 5541: 5537: 5525: 5521: 5511: 5509: 5496: 5495: 5491: 5481: 5479: 5472: 5456: 5452: 5442: 5440: 5427: 5426: 5422: 5415: 5401: 5397: 5387: 5385: 5378: 5362: 5358: 5348: 5346: 5331: 5324: 5314: 5312: 5297:Inaba, Minoru. 5295: 5291: 5281: 5277: 5223: 5219: 5209: 5207: 5200: 5184: 5180: 5170: 5168: 5157: 5153: 5143: 5141: 5127: 5123: 5118:Wayback Machine 5108: 5104: 5094: 5092: 5091:on 15 June 2010 5081: 5077: 5072:Wayback Machine 5054: 5050: 5040: 5038: 5025: 5016: 4998: 4994: 4984: 4982: 4975: 4955: 4951: 4927:7 July 2012 at 4920: 4916: 4903: 4899: 4893: 4889: 4875: 4873: 4860: 4856: 4831: 4827: 4817:Wayback Machine 4807: 4800: 4794:Wayback Machine 4782: 4775: 4765: 4763: 4754: 4753: 4749: 4739: 4737: 4722: 4721: 4717: 4707: 4705: 4690: 4689: 4685: 4675: 4673: 4656: 4652: 4638: 4634: 4624: 4622: 4621:on 24 June 2021 4618: 4611: 4607: 4606: 4599: 4594: 4589: 4555: 4550: 4548: 4492:followed by as 4461:Afghan musician 4453:– Afghan singer 4341:Kandahari Begum 4336: 4316:Pashtun culture 4191: 4190: 4172: 4163: 4150: 4135: 4106: 4100: 4078: 4025:Boost Defenders 3972: 3950: 3945: 3936:Momand Hospital 3911: 3906: 3878:Wayback Machine 3866: 3844: 3839: 3808: 3803: 3799:Kandahar Museum 3782:Baghi Pul Park 3772:Wayback Machine 3758: 3753: 3699: 3687: 3598:industrial park 3566:and started by 3564:Kandahar Valley 3528:and associates. 3514: 3508:in about 2007. 3498:Attock District 3496:in what is now 3482:Arghandab River 3383:The village of 3342:Afsharid forces 3323: 3290:Afghan Wireless 3286: 3280: 3273:Wayback Machine 3224: 3218: 3185: 3108:Afghan Railways 3069: 3059: 3054: 2904: 2899: 2894: 2889: 2884: 2879: 2874: 2869: 2864: 2859: 2854: 2849: 2844: 2830: 2825: 2820: 2815: 2810: 2805: 2800: 2795: 2790: 2785: 2780: 2775: 2770: 2760: 2755: 2750: 2745: 2740: 2735: 2730: 2725: 2720: 2715: 2710: 2705: 2700: 2690: 2685: 2680: 2675: 2670: 2665: 2660: 2655: 2650: 2645: 2640: 2635: 2630: 2620: 2615: 2610: 2605: 2600: 2595: 2590: 2585: 2580: 2575: 2570: 2565: 2560: 2550: 2545: 2540: 2535: 2530: 2525: 2520: 2515: 2510: 2505: 2500: 2495: 2490: 2411:Kandahar has a 2409: 2400: 2388:Arghandab River 2384: 2298:U.S. Ambassador 2239:Canadian Forces 2205:and members of 2157:cruise missiles 2150:hitting targets 2119: 2109: 2034:Bagram Airfield 1793:founding father 1736:, chief of the 1715: 1705: 1669:Akbar the Great 1610:Timur the Great 1489:Abbad ibn Ziyad 1451:in 1638 to the 1426: 1420: 1318:Seleucid Empire 1262: 1256: 1254:Ancient history 1227: 1221: 1215:Iranian Plateau 1174: 1168: 1163: 1151: 1149: 1148: 1139: 1137: 1136: 1123: 1121: 1120: 1111: 1109: 1108: 1101: 1100: 1097:Afsharid Empire 1091: 1089: 1088: 1079: 1077: 1076: 1067: 1065: 1064: 1055: 1053: 1052: 1043: 1041: 1040: 1033: 1032: 1023: 1021: 1020: 1013: 1012: 1005: 1004: 997: 996: 989: 988: 981: 980: 971: 969: 968: 961: 960: 953: 952: 949:Sasanian Empire 945: 944: 937: 936: 929: 928: 925:Parthian Empire 921: 920: 913: 912: 905: 904: 897: 896: 893:Seleucid Empire 889: 888: 881: 880: 877:Seleucid Empire 873: 872: 865: 862: 858: 850: 822:Peshawar Valley 761:Décadas da Ásia 717: 623:Durrani dynasty 577:Arghandab River 571:) is a city in 503: 497: 496: 478: 470: 358: 356: 339: 337: 333: 330: 325: 322: 320: 318: 317: 311: 310: 309: 308: 305: 304: 303:Kandahar (Asia) 301: 300: 299: 298: 294: 277: 276: 275: 272: 271: 268: 267: 266: 265: 261: 244: 243: 242: 239: 238: 235: 234: 233: 232: 228: 211: 210: 209: 206: 205: 202: 201: 200: 199: 195: 173: 172: 171: 170: 155: 137: 136: 135: 134: 133: 132: 123: 122: 121: 114: 105: 104: 103: 96: 80: 71: 70: 47: 40: 35: 28: 23: 22: 15: 12: 11: 5: 7859: 7849: 7848: 7843: 7838: 7833: 7828: 7823: 7818: 7813: 7808: 7791: 7790: 7788: 7787: 7782: 7777: 7772: 7767: 7761: 7759: 7755: 7754: 7752: 7751: 7746: 7741: 7735: 7733: 7729: 7728: 7726: 7725: 7720: 7715: 7710: 7705: 7700: 7695: 7690: 7685: 7680: 7675: 7670: 7665: 7660: 7655: 7650: 7645: 7640: 7635: 7630: 7625: 7620: 7615: 7610: 7605: 7600: 7595: 7590: 7585: 7580: 7575: 7569: 7567: 7563: 7562: 7555: 7553: 7551: 7550: 7545: 7540: 7535: 7530: 7525: 7520: 7515: 7510: 7505: 7500: 7495: 7490: 7485: 7480: 7475: 7469: 7467: 7461: 7460: 7449: 7446: 7445: 7438: 7437: 7430: 7423: 7415: 7406: 7405: 7403: 7402: 7397: 7392: 7387: 7382: 7377: 7372: 7367: 7362: 7357: 7352: 7347: 7342: 7337: 7332: 7330:Mazar-i-Sharif 7327: 7322: 7317: 7311: 7308: 7307: 7298: 7297: 7290: 7283: 7275: 7269: 7268: 7257: 7256:External links 7254: 7253: 7252: 7238: 7237: 7233: 7232: 7211: 7210: 7206: 7205: 7189: 7177:Edward Balfour 7172: 7171: 7166: 7163: 7162: 7161: 7145: 7135: 7128: 7114: 7096: 7089: 7074: 7050: 7039: 7036: 7033: 7032: 7015:tajikmedia.com 7002: 6987:(in Persian). 6985:BBC News فارسی 6971: 6929: 6885: 6857: 6831: 6810: 6783: 6772: 6742: 6718: 6692: 6678: 6644: 6611: 6588: 6562: 6536: 6510: 6484: 6453: 6410: 6377: 6358: 6327: 6300: 6270: 6250: 6215: 6178: 6148: 6115: 6084: 6069:. 4 May 2020. 6058: 6031: 6012: 5986: 5956: 5924: 5894: 5875: 5837: 5815: 5813:, p. 188. 5803: 5784: 5764: 5729: 5697: 5671: 5640: 5614: 5580: 5563:Britannica.com 5550: 5535: 5519: 5489: 5470: 5450: 5420: 5413: 5395: 5376: 5356: 5322: 5289: 5275: 5235:Kramers, J. H. 5231:Gibb, H. A. R. 5217: 5198: 5178: 5151: 5121: 5102: 5075: 5048: 5014: 5011:. p. 264. 5001:Singh, Upinder 4992: 4973: 4949: 4945:Studia Iranica 4914: 4897: 4887: 4854: 4846:Studia Iranica 4832:John E. Hill, 4825: 4798: 4773: 4747: 4736:on 15 May 2011 4715: 4683: 4650: 4632: 4596: 4595: 4593: 4590: 4588: 4587: 4582: 4577: 4572: 4567: 4562: 4556: 4554: 4551: 4546: 4545: 4539:Akhtar Mansour 4536: 4530: 4524: 4518: 4512: 4509:Yousef Pashtun 4506: 4496: 4483: 4473: 4463: 4454: 4448: 4445:Ubaidullah Jan 4442: 4436: 4431: 4421: 4411: 4405: 4399: 4393: 4387: 4381: 4375: 4369: 4363: 4354: 4344: 4337: 4335: 4334:Notable people 4332: 4322:, traditions, 4187: 4186: 4168: 4167: 4164: 4161: 4159: 4155: 4154: 4151: 4148: 4146: 4140: 4139: 4136: 4133: 4131: 4125: 4124: 4121: 4119: 4115: 4114: 4108: 4107: 4099: 4096: 4095: 4094: 4091: 4085: 4077: 4074: 4071: 4070: 4067: 4062: 4057: 4052: 4046: 4045: 4042: 4037: 4032: 4027: 4021: 4020: 4017: 4012: 4007: 4002: 3996: 3995: 3992: 3989: 3986: 3983: 3977: 3976: 3971: 3968: 3967: 3966: 3961: 3956: 3949: 3946: 3944: 3943: 3941:Sydal Hospital 3938: 3933: 3931:Bilal Hospital 3928: 3923: 3918: 3912: 3910: 3907: 3905: 3904: 3901: 3898: 3895: 3892: 3889: 3886: 3880: 3867: 3865: 3862: 3861: 3860: 3857: 3851: 3843: 3840: 3838: 3837: 3830: 3825: 3820: 3815: 3809: 3807: 3804: 3802: 3801: 3796: 3785: 3780: 3777: 3774: 3759: 3757: 3754: 3752: 3751: 3746: 3740: 3737: 3734: 3731: 3728: 3723: 3720: 3710: 3707: 3700: 3698: 3695: 3694: 3693: 3686: 3683: 3513: 3510: 3393:Eidgah Durwaza 3322: 3319: 3306:Afghan Telecom 3279: 3278:Communications 3276: 3217: 3214: 3184: 3181: 3058: 3055: 3051: 3050: 3046: 3045: 3042: 3039: 3036: 3033: 3030: 3027: 3024: 3021: 3018: 3015: 3012: 3009: 3006: 3004:sunshine hours 2999: 2998: 2995: 2992: 2989: 2986: 2983: 2980: 2977: 2974: 2971: 2968: 2965: 2962: 2959: 2951: 2950: 2947: 2944: 2941: 2938: 2935: 2932: 2929: 2926: 2923: 2920: 2917: 2914: 2911: 2907: 2906: 2901: 2896: 2891: 2886: 2881: 2876: 2871: 2866: 2861: 2856: 2851: 2846: 2841: 2833: 2832: 2827: 2822: 2817: 2812: 2807: 2802: 2797: 2792: 2787: 2782: 2777: 2772: 2767: 2763: 2762: 2757: 2752: 2747: 2742: 2737: 2732: 2727: 2722: 2717: 2712: 2707: 2702: 2697: 2693: 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455: 449: 448: 445: 441: 440: 436: 435: 432: 428: 427: 424: 420: 419: 415: 414: 411: 407: 406: 401: 397: 396: 392: 391: 386: 380: 379: 374: 368: 367: 354: 348: 347: 313: 312: 302: 296: 295: 288: 287: 281: 280: 279: 278: 269: 263: 262: 255: 254: 248: 247: 246: 245: 236: 230: 229: 222: 221: 215: 214: 213: 212: 203: 197: 196: 189: 188: 182: 181: 180: 179: 178: 175: 174: 168: 162: 161: 160: 157: 156: 138: 126: 125: 124: 115: 108: 107: 106: 97: 90: 89: 88: 87: 86: 85: 82: 81: 76: 73: 72: 69: 68: 59: 49: 48: 45: 38: 26: 9: 6: 4: 3: 2: 7858: 7847: 7844: 7842: 7839: 7837: 7834: 7832: 7829: 7827: 7824: 7822: 7819: 7817: 7814: 7812: 7809: 7807: 7804: 7803: 7801: 7786: 7783: 7781: 7778: 7776: 7773: 7771: 7768: 7766: 7763: 7762: 7760: 7756: 7750: 7747: 7745: 7742: 7740: 7737: 7736: 7734: 7730: 7724: 7721: 7719: 7716: 7714: 7711: 7709: 7706: 7704: 7701: 7699: 7698:Tarok Kolache 7696: 7694: 7691: 7689: 7686: 7684: 7681: 7679: 7678:Reg Alaqadari 7676: 7674: 7671: 7669: 7666: 7664: 7661: 7659: 7656: 7654: 7651: 7649: 7646: 7644: 7641: 7639: 7638:Khosrow Sofla 7636: 7634: 7631: 7629: 7626: 7624: 7621: 7619: 7616: 7614: 7611: 7609: 7606: 7604: 7601: 7599: 7596: 7594: 7591: 7589: 7586: 7584: 7581: 7579: 7576: 7574: 7571: 7570: 7568: 7564: 7559: 7549: 7546: 7544: 7541: 7539: 7536: 7534: 7533:Shah Wali Kot 7531: 7529: 7526: 7524: 7521: 7519: 7516: 7514: 7511: 7509: 7506: 7504: 7501: 7499: 7496: 7494: 7491: 7489: 7486: 7484: 7481: 7479: 7476: 7474: 7471: 7470: 7468: 7466: 7462: 7458: 7457: 7452: 7447: 7443: 7436: 7431: 7429: 7424: 7422: 7417: 7416: 7413: 7401: 7398: 7396: 7393: 7391: 7388: 7386: 7383: 7381: 7378: 7376: 7373: 7371: 7368: 7366: 7363: 7361: 7358: 7356: 7353: 7351: 7348: 7346: 7343: 7341: 7338: 7336: 7333: 7331: 7328: 7326: 7323: 7321: 7318: 7316: 7313: 7312: 7309: 7305:by population 7304: 7296: 7291: 7289: 7284: 7282: 7277: 7276: 7273: 7267: 7263: 7260: 7259: 7249: 7245: 7240: 7239: 7235: 7234: 7229: 7228: 7222: 7217: 7213: 7212: 7208: 7207: 7203: 7202: 7198: 7195: 7190: 7186: 7182: 7178: 7174: 7173: 7169: 7168: 7160: 7159:0-520-23192-9 7156: 7152: 7151: 7146: 7143: 7139: 7136: 7133: 7129: 7125: 7121: 7117: 7111: 7107: 7106: 7101: 7097: 7094: 7090: 7087: 7083: 7079: 7075: 7072: 7068: 7064: 7060: 7057: 7056: 7051: 7047: 7042: 7041: 7020: 7016: 7012: 7006: 6990: 6986: 6982: 6975: 6967: 6961: 6953: 6949: 6947: 6939: 6933: 6914: 6910: 6906: 6904: 6895: 6889: 6874: 6870: 6869: 6861: 6845: 6841: 6835: 6829: 6825: 6822: 6821: 6814: 6798: 6794: 6787: 6781: 6776: 6760: 6756: 6752: 6746: 6740: 6736: 6733: 6732: 6727: 6722: 6706: 6702: 6696: 6690: 6689: 6682: 6666: 6662: 6658: 6651: 6649: 6632: 6628: 6624: 6618: 6616: 6608: 6607:0-06-050527-3 6604: 6600: 6599: 6592: 6576: 6572: 6566: 6550: 6546: 6540: 6524: 6520: 6514: 6498: 6494: 6488: 6472: 6468: 6467:Lonely Planet 6464: 6457: 6449: 6443: 6427: 6426: 6421: 6414: 6398: 6394: 6393: 6388: 6381: 6375: 6371: 6368: 6362: 6346: 6342: 6338: 6331: 6315: 6311: 6304: 6288: 6284: 6280: 6274: 6265: 6261: 6258: 6254: 6235: 6228: 6222: 6220: 6203: 6199: 6193: 6191: 6189: 6187: 6185: 6183: 6166: 6162: 6158: 6152: 6135: 6130: 6126: 6119: 6103: 6099: 6095: 6088: 6072: 6068: 6062: 6046: 6042: 6035: 6028: 6024: 6021: 6016: 6000: 5996: 5990: 5974: 5970: 5966: 5960: 5944: 5940: 5935: 5928: 5912: 5908: 5904: 5898: 5892: 5888: 5885: 5879: 5872: 5871: 5869: 5855: 5851: 5847: 5841: 5835: 5831: 5828: 5824: 5819: 5812: 5807: 5791: 5787: 5785:9789350094136 5781: 5777: 5776: 5768: 5752: 5748: 5747: 5742: 5736: 5734: 5717: 5713: 5712: 5707: 5701: 5685: 5681: 5675: 5659: 5655: 5651: 5644: 5628: 5624: 5618: 5602: 5598: 5594: 5590: 5584: 5568: 5564: 5560: 5554: 5546: 5539: 5532: 5528: 5523: 5507: 5503: 5499: 5493: 5477: 5473: 5471:1-4021-7278-8 5467: 5463: 5462: 5454: 5438: 5434: 5430: 5424: 5416: 5410: 5406: 5399: 5383: 5379: 5377:0-415-34473-5 5373: 5369: 5368: 5360: 5344: 5340: 5336: 5329: 5327: 5310: 5306: 5305: 5300: 5293: 5286: 5279: 5271: 5267: 5263: 5259: 5257: 5252: 5248: 5244: 5240: 5236: 5232: 5228: 5221: 5205: 5201: 5195: 5191: 5190: 5182: 5166: 5162: 5155: 5139: 5135: 5131: 5125: 5119: 5115: 5112: 5106: 5090: 5086: 5079: 5073: 5069: 5066: 5062: 5058: 5057:Median Empire 5052: 5036: 5032: 5031: 5023: 5021: 5019: 5010: 5006: 5002: 4996: 4980: 4976: 4974:9781108009416 4970: 4966: 4962: 4961: 4953: 4946: 4942: 4941:81-208-0567-4 4938: 4934: 4930: 4929:archive.today 4926: 4923: 4918: 4911: 4907: 4901: 4891: 4884: 4871: 4867: 4866: 4858: 4851: 4847: 4843: 4839: 4835: 4829: 4822: 4818: 4814: 4811: 4805: 4803: 4795: 4791: 4788: 4787: 4780: 4778: 4761: 4757: 4751: 4735: 4731: 4730: 4725: 4719: 4703: 4699: 4698: 4693: 4687: 4671: 4667: 4666: 4661: 4654: 4646: 4642: 4636: 4617: 4610: 4604: 4602: 4597: 4586: 4583: 4581: 4578: 4576: 4573: 4571: 4568: 4566: 4563: 4561: 4558: 4557: 4549: 4544: 4540: 4537: 4534: 4531: 4528: 4525: 4522: 4519: 4516: 4513: 4510: 4507: 4504: 4500: 4497: 4495: 4491: 4487: 4484: 4482: 4478: 4474: 4471: 4467: 4464: 4462: 4458: 4455: 4452: 4449: 4446: 4443: 4440: 4439:Maryam Durani 4437: 4435: 4432: 4430: 4426: 4422: 4419: 4415: 4412: 4409: 4406: 4403: 4402:Sher Ali Khan 4400: 4397: 4394: 4391: 4388: 4385: 4384:Hussain Hotak 4382: 4379: 4376: 4373: 4370: 4367: 4364: 4362: 4361:Hotak dynasty 4358: 4357:Mirwais Hotak 4355: 4352: 4351:Mughal Empire 4348: 4345: 4342: 4339: 4338: 4331: 4329: 4325: 4321: 4317: 4312: 4307: 4305: 4301: 4297: 4293: 4289: 4285: 4281: 4277: 4273: 4269: 4265: 4261: 4255: 4253: 4249: 4245: 4241: 4237: 4233: 4231: 4227: 4223: 4219: 4215: 4207: 4204: 4200: 4195: 4184: 4180: 4176: 4169: 4160: 4156: 4147: 4145: 4141: 4132: 4130: 4126: 4120: 4116: 4111: 4105: 4092: 4089: 4086: 4083: 4080: 4079: 4068: 4066: 4063: 4061: 4058: 4056: 4053: 4051: 4047: 4043: 4041: 4038: 4036: 4033: 4031: 4028: 4026: 4022: 4018: 4016: 4013: 4011: 4008: 4006: 4003: 4001: 3997: 3980: 3974: 3973: 3965: 3962: 3960: 3957: 3955: 3952: 3951: 3942: 3939: 3937: 3934: 3932: 3929: 3927: 3924: 3922: 3919: 3917: 3914: 3913: 3902: 3899: 3896: 3893: 3890: 3887: 3885: 3881: 3879: 3875: 3872: 3869: 3868: 3858: 3856: 3855:Mirwais Hotak 3853:Mausoleum of 3852: 3850: 3847:Mausoleum of 3846: 3845: 3835: 3831: 3829: 3826: 3824: 3821: 3819: 3816: 3814: 3811: 3810: 3800: 3797: 3794: 3790: 3786: 3784: 3781: 3778: 3775: 3773: 3769: 3766: 3764: 3763:Kandahar Park 3761: 3760: 3750: 3747: 3744: 3741: 3738: 3735: 3732: 3730:Mirwais Meyna 3729: 3727: 3724: 3721: 3718: 3714: 3711: 3708: 3705: 3702: 3701: 3697:Neighborhoods 3692: 3689: 3688: 3678: 3670: 3662: 3654: 3646: 3639: 3635: 3631: 3627: 3622: 3615: 3611: 3606: 3602: 3599: 3594: 3592: 3587: 3584: 3580: 3575: 3573: 3569: 3568:Mahmud Karzai 3565: 3561: 3556: 3554: 3550: 3546: 3542: 3539: 3534: 3527: 3526:Mahmud Karzai 3523: 3518: 3509: 3507: 3503: 3499: 3495: 3491: 3487: 3483: 3479: 3475: 3474:Mirwais Hotak 3471: 3466: 3464: 3460: 3456: 3452: 3448: 3444: 3440: 3436: 3435: 3426: 3422: 3417: 3413: 3411: 3407: 3406: 3405:Hazratji Baba 3401: 3396: 3394: 3390: 3386: 3381: 3379: 3375: 3371: 3367: 3363: 3359: 3355: 3347: 3343: 3339: 3338:Hussain Hotak 3335: 3332: 3327: 3318: 3315: 3311: 3307: 3303: 3299: 3295: 3291: 3285: 3275: 3274: 3270: 3267: 3263: 3261: 3256: 3254: 3248: 3246: 3237: 3234:and Kandahar 3233: 3228: 3223: 3213: 3211: 3207: 3203: 3199: 3195: 3191: 3180: 3178: 3174: 3170: 3166: 3161: 3158: 3154: 3151: 3150:Mercedes-Benz 3147: 3143: 3139: 3135: 3131: 3127: 3124: 3119: 3117: 3113: 3109: 3105: 3100: 3097: 3090: 3086: 3081: 3073: 3068: 3064: 3047: 3043: 3040: 3037: 3034: 3031: 3028: 3025: 3022: 3019: 3016: 3013: 3010: 3007: 3005: 3002:Mean monthly 3000: 2996: 2993: 2990: 2987: 2984: 2981: 2978: 2975: 2972: 2969: 2966: 2963: 2960: 2957: 2952: 2948: 2945: 2942: 2939: 2936: 2933: 2930: 2927: 2924: 2921: 2918: 2915: 2912: 2908: 2902: 2897: 2892: 2887: 2882: 2877: 2872: 2867: 2862: 2857: 2852: 2847: 2842: 2839: 2838:precipitation 2834: 2828: 2823: 2818: 2813: 2808: 2803: 2798: 2793: 2788: 2783: 2778: 2773: 2768: 2764: 2758: 2753: 2748: 2743: 2738: 2733: 2728: 2723: 2718: 2713: 2708: 2703: 2698: 2694: 2688: 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1965: 1961: 1960:British India 1957: 1953: 1952: 1948: 1946: 1942: 1938: 1934: 1930: 1926: 1922: 1918: 1914: 1909: 1907: 1903: 1899: 1895: 1891: 1887: 1882: 1881:Afghan Empire 1878: 1873: 1871: 1867: 1863: 1859: 1855: 1854:Hussain Hotak 1851: 1850: 1845: 1841: 1840:Hotak dynasty 1837: 1829: 1825: 1821: 1818:, during the 1817: 1813: 1812:allied forces 1809: 1805: 1798: 1794: 1790: 1786: 1782: 1777: 1773: 1771: 1767: 1763: 1759: 1755: 1754:Hotak dynasty 1751: 1747: 1743: 1739: 1735: 1734:Mirwais Hotak 1728: 1727:James Rattray 1724: 1719: 1714: 1710: 1709:Hotak dynasty 1700: 1698: 1694: 1693:Qandahār-nāma 1689: 1687: 1683: 1682:Samandar Khan 1679: 1675: 1670: 1666: 1662: 1659: 1655: 1651: 1650:Mughal Empire 1647: 1642: 1641: 1637: 1635: 1631: 1627: 1623: 1619: 1615: 1611: 1607: 1605: 1601: 1597: 1593: 1589: 1585: 1581: 1577: 1573: 1569: 1564: 1563: 1559: 1557: 1553: 1549: 1545: 1541: 1537: 1533: 1528: 1526: 1522: 1518: 1514: 1513:Sultan Mahmud 1510: 1505: 1504: 1500: 1498: 1494: 1490: 1486: 1482: 1478: 1474: 1470: 1465: 1464: 1458: 1454: 1450: 1446: 1443: 1439: 1435: 1430: 1425: 1415: 1413: 1409: 1405: 1401: 1396: 1391: 1389: 1385: 1381: 1377: 1373: 1369: 1361: 1357: 1354:) by Emperor 1353: 1349: 1345: 1341: 1337: 1335: 1331: 1327: 1323: 1319: 1315: 1311: 1307: 1302: 1300: 1299: 1294: 1290: 1289: 1284: 1280: 1276: 1272: 1267: 1266: 1261: 1251: 1249: 1245: 1241: 1237: 1233: 1224: 1218: 1216: 1212: 1208: 1204: 1200: 1196: 1193:, copper and 1192: 1188: 1181: 1179: 1173: 1161: 1160:1855–present 1159: 1146: 1134: 1130: 1118: 1106: 1098: 1086: 1085:Hotak dynasty 1074: 1062: 1061:Mughal Empire 1050: 1038: 1030: 1018: 1017:Mongol Empire 1010: 1002: 994: 986: 978: 966: 958: 950: 942: 941:Kushan Empire 934: 926: 918: 910: 902: 894: 887:304 BC–204 BC 886: 885:Maurya Empire 879:312 BC–304 BC 878: 871:330 BC–312 BC 870: 856: 845: 839: 835: 827: 823: 819: 815: 810: 808: 804: 803:Indo-Parthian 800: 796: 794: 790: 786: 782: 778: 774: 770: 765: 763: 762: 757: 753: 749: 745: 741: 738:evolved from 737: 733: 729: 725: 720: 712: 709: 708: 704: 698: 697:Ancient Greek 694: 690: 686: 677: 675: 671: 667: 663: 659: 655: 651: 647: 642: 640: 636: 632: 628: 627:Afghan Empire 624: 620: 616: 615:Hotak dynasty 612: 611:Mirwais Hotak 607: 605: 601: 596: 594: 590: 586: 582: 578: 574: 569: 555: 550: 536: 530: 494: 485: 477: 473: 467: 463: 459: 456: 454: 450: 446: 442: 437: 433: 429: 425: 421: 416: 412: 408: 405: 402: 398: 393: 390: 387: 385: 381: 378: 375: 373: 369: 366: 355: 353: 349: 344: 316:Coordinates: 314: 285: 252: 219: 186: 176: 166: 158: 153: 149: 145: 141: 130: 119: 112: 101: 94: 83: 79: 74: 60: 51: 50: 43: 37: 33: 19: 7785:Kirka Sharif 7455: 7454: 7319: 7243: 7225: 7192: 7184: 7148: 7141: 7131: 7104: 7092: 7077: 7070: 7066: 7054: 7045: 7023:. 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Retrieved 4616:the original 4565:Old Kandahar 4547: 4481:Hamid Karzai 4416:– leader of 4378:Ashraf Hotak 4372:Mahmud Hotak 4313: 4309: 4257: 4234: 4211: 4206:Hamid Karzai 3994:Established 3888:Kabul Bazaar 3779:Kokaran Park 3743:Old Kandahar 3716: 3595: 3588: 3582: 3578: 3576: 3563: 3559: 3557: 3535: 3531: 3521: 3469: 3467: 3458: 3454: 3438: 3432: 3430: 3421:Old Kandahar 3409: 3403: 3399: 3397: 3392: 3384: 3382: 3373: 3352:The tomb of 3351: 3331:Old Kandahar 3287: 3264: 3257: 3249: 3241: 3210:Kochi people 3186: 3162: 3120: 3101: 3094: 2840:mm (inches) 2427: 2419: 2410: 2401: 2392: 2385: 2373: 2358: 2351: 2330:Quetta Shura 2323: 2314: 2301:Ryan Crocker 2281: 2257: 2255: 2225:, backed by 2212: 2173:Hamid Karzai 2161:Persian Gulf 2139: 2107:21st century 2085:Mullah Naqib 2074: 2055:against the 2042: 2018: 1984: 1954: 1950: 1949: 1933:Ranjit Singh 1927:against the 1910: 1874: 1849:Old Kandahar 1847: 1833: 1779:Painting by 1770:Mahmud Hotak 1744:, an ethnic 1732: 1723:Afghaunistan 1722: 1697:Saib Tabrizi 1692: 1690: 1661:Shah Tahmasp 1643: 1639: 1638: 1618:Pir Muhammad 1608: 1594:governor of 1584:Kart dynasty 1565: 1561: 1560: 1531: 1529: 1506: 1502: 1501: 1466: 1462: 1461: 1449:Old Kandahar 1392: 1365: 1314:Central Asia 1303: 1296: 1286: 1271:Old Kandahar 1268: 1264: 1263: 1229: 1211:Indus Valley 1183: 1178:Louis Dupree 1175: 1037:Kart dynasty 919:142 BC–32 BC 864: 811: 797: 789:pomegranates 766: 759: 751: 743: 739: 735: 724:Old Kandahar 722:The city of 721: 718: 693:Old Kandahar 678: 666:pomegranates 660:, fresh and 643: 639:western Asia 608: 597: 593:Loy Kandahar 492: 491: 404:Municipality 139: 36: 7693:Spin Boldak 7643:Lower Babur 7543:Spin Boldak 7385:Chaghcharan 7350:Puli Khumri 6293:26 December 5846:"Home Free" 5811:Kaplan 2008 5533:. Page 228. 5527:The Afghans 5251:Pellat, Ch. 5243:Schacht, J. 5055:Map of the 4328:Pashtunwali 3891:Shah Bazaar 3793:inscription 3745:(Zorr Shar) 3494:Hasan Abdal 3465:of Persia. 3370:Mullah Omar 2231:205th Corps 2089:Islamic law 2061:Soviet Army 1951:British war 1758:Kay Khusraw 1742:Gurgin Khan 1686:Kalat State 1636:in Arabia. 1600:Ibn Battuta 1576:Möngke Khan 1438:Padshahnama 1310:Middle East 1232:radiocarbon 1158:Afghanistan 1135:) 1839-1842 1133:Company Raj 927:32 BC–19 CE 818:Kunar River 807:Gondophares 662:dried fruit 658:food grains 617:. In 1747, 573:Afghanistan 465:Postal Code 365:Afghanistan 338: / 7800:Categories 7749:Dori River 7718:Yakh Karez 7508:Mayanishin 7365:Sheberghan 7360:Lashkargah 7246:. Leiden: 7181:"Kandahar" 7067:by Yu Huan 7038:References 6671:20 October 6432:23 October 6351:23 October 6208:22 October 6171:15 October 5882:BBC News, 5690:11 January 5664:29 January 5633:11 January 5529:(2002) by 4692:"Kandahar" 4429:Kader Khan 3964:Azizi Bank 3959:Kabul Bank 3842:Mausoleums 3832:Mosque at 3704:Aino Meyna 3490:Guru Nanak 3423:(red) and 3385:Sher Surkh 3346:Nader Shah 2354:4 May 2020 2334:Red Mosque 2066:Najibullah 2049:mujahideen 2021:Zahir Shah 1991:Nadir Khan 1902:Timur Shah 1862:Ahmad Khan 1844:Nader Shah 1828:Zahir Shah 1824:Nader Khan 1785:coronation 1766:Abdul Aziz 1626:Guru Nanak 1544:Ghaznavids 1457:Shah Jahan 1380:Seleucus I 1366:While the 1298:Alexandria 1236:Bronze Age 1187:Bronze Age 1166:Prehistory 740:"Iskandar" 736:"Kandahar" 726:was named 703:Alexandria 439:Population 395:Government 326:65°42′57″E 323:31°37′12″N 7770:Dahla Dam 7765:Governors 7732:Landforms 7623:Kar-Mulla 7583:Arghistan 7578:Arghandab 7478:Arghistan 7473:Arghandab 7465:Districts 7400:Puli Alam 7390:Mihtarlam 7380:Sar-e Pol 7340:Jalalabad 6803:16 August 6477:9 January 6442:cite news 6403:25 August 6141:12 August 6108:12 August 5860:9 January 5757:4 January 5607:9 January 5573:9 January 5270:495469456 5260:Volume I: 5247:Lewis, B. 5171:9 January 5095:9 January 4895:Alexander 4876:2 October 4766:9 January 4740:9 January 4708:9 January 4592:Footnotes 4570:Arachosia 4501:– former 4425:Bollywood 4347:Nur Jahan 4173:includes 3909:Hospitals 3776:Baba Saab 3715:(meaning 3713:Share Naw 3610:mausoleum 3560:Aino Mina 3549:Dahla Dam 3522:Aino Mina 3389:Nadirabad 3366:Murad Beg 3302:MTN Group 3245:Australia 3216:Education 3169:rickshaws 3165:Milli Bus 3057:Transport 2382:Geography 2126:U.S. Army 1972:Ayub Khan 1870:Naderabad 1532:Teginābād 1503:Ghanavids 1477:Zurvanism 1434:miniature 1308:with the 1269:The now " 1248:Arachosia 1223:N. Dupree 1147:1842-1855 1119:1818-1839 1107:1747–1818 1099:1738–1747 1087:1711–1738 1075:1649-1711 1063:1507–1649 1051:1382-1507 1039:1347-1382 1031:1256-1347 1029:Ilkhanate 1019:1222-1256 1011:1207–1222 1003:1175-1207 869:Macedonia 752:"Scandar" 748:Alexander 744:"Scandar" 707:Arachosia 670:marijuana 609:In 1709, 498:English: 453:Time zone 431:Elevation 18:Khandahar 7806:Kandahar 7723:Zangabad 7688:Singesar 7668:Najeeban 7538:Shorabak 7523:Panjwayi 7493:Kandahar 7456:Kandahar 7355:Charikar 7320:Kandahar 7218:(1911). 7197:Archived 7179:(1885), 7124:48367823 7102:(2008). 7059:Archived 7019:Archived 6989:Archived 6960:cite web 6922:11 April 6873:archived 6844:Archived 6824:Archived 6735:Archived 6665:Archived 6631:Archived 6575:Archived 6549:Archived 6523:Archived 6497:Archived 6471:Archived 6397:Archived 6370:Archived 6320:23 March 6314:Archived 6287:Archived 6260:Archived 6234:Archived 6165:Archived 6161:Sky News 6102:Archived 6071:Archived 6023:Archived 5999:Archived 5943:Archived 5911:Archived 5887:Archived 5830:Archived 5823:BBC News 5790:Archived 5751:Archived 5716:Archived 5684:Archived 5658:Archived 5601:Archived 5567:Archived 5506:Archived 5476:Archived 5388:4 August 5382:Archived 5343:Archived 5309:Archived 5253:(eds.). 5204:Archived 5114:Archived 5068:Archived 5061:Pactyans 5035:Archived 4979:Archived 4925:Archived 4870:Archived 4813:Archived 4790:Archived 4760:Archived 4702:Archived 4670:Archived 4553:See also 4457:Nashenas 4324:clothing 4284:Ishaqzai 4280:Achakzai 4272:Popalzai 4268:Barakzai 4228:2%, and 4214:Pashtuns 4201:held by 4183:Atheists 4118:Religion 4060:Football 3954:AIB Bank 3874:Archived 3864:Shopping 3768:Archived 3717:New City 3685:Airports 3638:Muhammad 3470:Chilzina 3459:Old City 3455:Chilzina 3439:Old City 3434:Chilzina 3425:Chilzina 3336:of Shah 3298:Etisalat 3269:Archived 3126:Pakistan 3044:3,379.6 2954:Average 2836:Average 2596:(100.8) 2591:(104.4) 2586:(102.4) 2551:(115.7) 2531:(105.8) 2526:(112.1) 2521:(115.7) 2516:(113.0) 2511:(109.4) 2398:Land use 2079:, under 1890:Kohistan 1886:Khorasan 1856:and his 1746:Georgian 1674:Jahangir 1592:Ilkhanid 1588:Chagatai 1455:army of 1400:Eusebeia 1395:Edict 13 1384:Gandhara 1368:Diadochi 1360:Chilzina 1293:Pashtuns 1279:Mundigak 1240:Mundigak 1238:city of 1220:— 995:977–1175 838:Sanskrit 834:Gandhāra 826:Sanskrit 814:Gandhara 793:apricots 646:Pashtuns 631:southern 568:Qandahār 549:Kandahār 493:Kandahar 480:kandahar 458:UTC+4:30 389:Kandahar 384:District 377:Kandahar 372:Province 297:Kandahar 264:Kandahar 231:Kandahar 198:Kandahar 46:Kandahar 7708:Walakan 7663:Nagahan 7648:Maiwand 7633:Khakrez 7593:Balandi 7588:Baladay 7573:Alkozai 7513:Maiwand 7498:Khakrez 7451:Capital 7345:Taloqan 7264:, from 7025:26 July 6995:26 July 6581:28 July 6555:28 July 6529:28 July 6503:28 July 5349:9 March 5315:9 March 5210:5 April 5041:17 June 4985:25 June 4625:21 June 4543:Taliban 4477:Karzais 4320:history 4304:Balochi 4288:Noorzai 4276:Alkozai 4264:Durrani 4240:Persian 4162: 4158:Others* 4149: 4134: 4129:Muslims 4076:Stadium 4035:Cricket 4010:Cricket 3985:League 3739:Malajat 3736:Sarpuza 3545:Helmand 3362:Bokhara 3334:citadel 3194:Durrani 3144:by the 3140:and to 3136:by the 3091:in 2012 3085:Kam Air 2905:(7.52) 2900:(0.79) 2895:(0.28) 2890:(0.09) 2880:(0.04) 2875:(0.09) 2865:(0.09) 2860:(0.74) 2855:(1.62) 2850:(1.65) 2845:(2.13) 2831:(10.2) 2826:(11.5) 2821:(15.3) 2816:(28.0) 2811:(41.4) 2806:(48.2) 2801:(56.3) 2796:(47.3) 2791:(36.3) 2786:(35.6) 2781:(23.4) 2776:(14.0) 2771:(10.2) 2761:(50.9) 2756:(33.8) 2751:(37.9) 2746:(47.3) 2741:(56.3) 2736:(68.0) 2731:(72.5) 2726:(67.1) 2721:(60.4) 2716:(54.1) 2711:(44.8) 2706:(36.3) 2701:(32.0) 2691:(65.4) 2686:(45.1) 2681:(51.8) 2676:(63.5) 2671:(74.3) 2666:(84.9) 2661:(89.4) 2656:(86.0) 2651:(77.7) 2646:(68.4) 2641:(57.0) 2636:(46.0) 2631:(41.2) 2621:(81.0) 2616:(59.7) 2611:(69.8) 2606:(81.5) 2601:(93.2) 2581:(93.4) 2576:(82.6) 2571:(70.9) 2566:(58.6) 2561:(54.0) 2546:(78.8) 2541:(88.7) 2536:(99.5) 2506:(98.8) 2501:(97.7) 2496:(78.8) 2491:(77.0) 2407:Climate 2233:of the 2077:Taliban 2019:During 1995:Kalakan 1945:Kashmir 1906:Durrani 1877:Durrani 1864:(later 1836:Isfahan 1808:British 1750:Safavid 1667:'s son 1665:Humayun 1658:Safavid 1654:Humayun 1630:Sikhism 1622:Arghuns 1582:of the 1562:Mongols 1554:, near 1550:sacked 1536:Panjway 1521:Ghurids 1469:Zunbils 1445:Safavid 1412:Prakrit 1358:, from 1352:Aramaic 1326:Mauryas 1288:Pakhtas 1199:Seistan 1191:pottery 987:861–977 979:750-861 967:661–750 959:645–661 951:230–645 848:History 785:fertile 773:Persian 674:hashish 635:central 600:Taliban 475:Website 447:651,484 352:Country 7613:Golzar 7608:Ghorak 7488:Ghorak 7370:Ghazni 7335:Kunduz 7157: 7122: 7112: 7084: 6605: 6098:Apnews 6077:28 May 6051:8 June 5796:7 June 5782: 5722:7 June 5468: 5411: 5374: 5268: 5249:& 5196: 4971: 4939: 4840: 4676:11 May 4451:Naghma 4427:actor 4296:Pashtu 4292:Alezai 4260:Tareen 4236:Pashto 4230:Uzbeks 4226:Baloch 4222:Tajiks 4179:Baháʼí 4144:Hindus 3991:Venue 3988:Sport 3970:Sports 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