56:
722:
20:
620:) courtly norms and functions. The Sikh Kavi Darbars were distinguishable from their Mughal and Pahari counterparts in a few ways, with the most noteworthy being the nature of manuscript-making and music at the Sikh assemblies. The authors of the Sikh Kavi Darbars produced literature typically about popular subjects of the era using fancy language, emulating their contemporaries found within other poetical courts of the subcontent at the time. Common topics covered by the writings of the Kavis were
776:
3210:
3202:
591:
751:(approx. 320 kilograms) when it was finished. However, the tome was lost whilst the Sikhs were crossing the Sirsa Rivulet in 1705 during the evacuation of Anandpur. Surviving portions of the tome may have been recovered or been sourced to copies made by devotees when the tome was extant. The tome likely mostly consisted of translations of ancient Sanskrit works into Braj, Punjabi, and Sadh Bhakha.
616:
Sikh Darbar assemblies changed over time. The popular narrative of the Kavi
Darbars claims that the poets all wrote in Braj, with the exception of two who wrote in Persian instead. Guru Gobind Singh may have established the Kavi Darbar assemblies due to the influence of Mughal (and to a lesser extent,
615:
Guru Gobind Singh accorded the Braj language as the "principal literary language of his court" (with
Persian also being gifted a similar status) for the effect of challenging the Mughal court's status, fame, and reputation. The number of intellectuals working, engaged, and associating with and in the
607:
propose that the number of poets in the darbars established by the tenth Sikh guru would have been considerably greater than the traditional narrative of there only being fifty-two. They further state that the number 52 came into popular parlance and tradition due to its auspicious associations in
1201:
It is in this rahitnāmā that we find the terms Avatār Līlā (Bachitra Nāṭak) as well as Sāgar Graṅth. The second work is accepted in the tradition to have been composed by the court poets and was also known as Vidiāsāgar. Chaupa Singh makes it quite clear that Avatār Līlā and Sāgar Graṅth were two
665:, the total weight of the literature produced by the Anandpur Darbar assembly weighed a total of 350 kilograms. However, all of this literature, aside from a tiny surviving portion of material that was transferred out of the area earlier, was lost when the
744:
literary corpus and tome was commissioned and prepared. The literary corpus is said to have contained the compositions of the tenth Sikh guru, various poets, and scholars. According to popular Sikh tradition, the tome weighed nine
608:
Sanskrit and
Devanagari, and therefore was "used in order to convey an amount of sanctity on this assembly". There was a great deal of movement of intellectuals between the various sub-imperial courts during this era.
598:
The three most prominent and famous of the fifty-poets were Bhai Nand Lal Goya, Kavi
Chandra Sain Sainapati, and Bhai Gurdas Singh. After analyzing the surviving pieces of literature produced by the Kavi Darbars,
763:. After the evacuation of Anandpur, the Guru held a poetic court within the Lakhi Jungle. According to Piara Singh Padam, it was attended by Behari, Lal Das Khiali, Adha, Jado Rai, Fat Mal, Keso, and Bhagtu.
402:
period of Guru Gobind Singh in the late 17th and early 18th centuries. These establishments served as Sikh centres of learning and scholarship. They played a pivotal role in the history of Sikh literature.
635:, when the guruship passed from Guru Tegh Bahadur to Guru Gobind Singh, the latter inherited his father's courtly poets. The poets produced literature in a variety of languages, some examples being
733:. The names of the poets active at the Anandpur Darbar were Amrit Rai, Ani Rai, Siam, Sainapati, Alam, Tahikan, Daya Singh, Sukha Singh, and Dharam Singh. They were tasked with translating
369:
337:
2401:
713:
invited Guru Gobind Singh to settle in his domain in April 1685. The Guru built a fort in the area of Paonta and would establish a poetic court as a result.
55:
207:
202:
820:("treasure book"), authored by Bhai Nand Lal Goya, a versified account of the ten Sikh gurus with particular focus placed on Guru Gobind Singh.
197:
939:
Alternatively spelt as 'Vidia Sagar Granth'. Also known simply as the "Sagar Granth". Another name for the tome is "Samund Sagar Granth".
644:
2405:
398:(courts) composed of congregations of poets, litterateurs, artists, and scholars that were established and had flourished during the
376:
232:
1009:. Historical Dictionaries of Religions, Philosophies, and Movements (3rd ed.). Lanham, Maryland: Rowman & Littlefield.
693:(approximately 498 kilograms) worth of literature produced by the Sikh Kavi Darbars was lost during the Sirsa Rivulet crossing.
1789:
721:
411:
According to popular Sikh tradition, Guru Gobind Singh established a court of poets consisting of fifty-two members, known as
2096:
1014:
2810:
1042:
1933:
1896:
1354:
1232:
1194:
3010:
2370:
2051:
1590:
3109:
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673:. The literature produced by the Anandpur Kavi Darbar was lost in the ensuing action of the Sikhs crossing the
612:, on the other hand, states that the 52 poets were the ones who were permanently employed in the Kavi Darbar.
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1901:
2980:
1928:
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1732:
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2790:
1921:
855:("love indiscriminate"), authored by Kavi Hari Das, a text which recounts the lives of sixteen prominent
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2089:
1202:
separate works, and this is clarified further by a hagiography of the Sikh gurus by Sarup Das Bhalla.
930:
is a traditional Indic unit of weight measurement. One maund is equivalent to around 35.55 kilograms.
678:
3232:
2985:
2861:
2840:
2191:
1615:
1444:
670:
362:
35:
2785:
787:
3174:
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2261:
2236:
1871:
1674:
1499:
1474:
1381:
1359:
212:
2770:
1166:
3005:
2704:
2689:
2679:
2659:
2654:
2459:
2365:
2266:
2241:
1886:
1876:
1836:
1702:
3189:
3129:
3042:
2775:
2644:
2614:
2393:
2352:
1717:
1664:
1585:
1225:
760:
19:
1610:
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3119:
3077:
3062:
3000:
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2674:
2479:
2332:
2319:
2276:
2082:
2039:
2017:
1866:
1796:
1707:
1634:
1364:
617:
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8:
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1821:
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247:
157:
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3184:
3015:
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2299:
2231:
2176:
1906:
1764:
1754:
1744:
1722:
1712:
1689:
1654:
1557:
1349:
1344:
1254:
887:("book of the ocean of wisdom"), a massive tome produced as a joint effort by the Kavis
682:
656:
352:
332:
327:
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2900:
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2216:
2211:
1881:
1861:
1856:
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1727:
1679:
1595:
1567:
1537:
1507:
1320:
1315:
1310:
1190:
1010:
488:
624:(style manuscripts) and Braj interpretations of the Mahabharata epic but also other
3213:
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2579:
2494:
2469:
2423:
2375:
2337:
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2226:
2221:
2186:
2181:
2168:
1955:
1916:
1826:
1816:
1811:
1774:
1739:
1649:
1624:
1414:
1305:
1218:
869:("book of politics"), authored by Kavi Tansukh Lahauri, Braj interpretation of the
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416:
322:
312:
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2835:
2795:
2739:
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1339:
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45:
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2034:
1995:
1965:
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1517:
1394:
1295:
730:
394:
252:
127:
23:
Painting of the court of Guru Gobind Singh. Illustration from a manuscript of
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2024:
1697:
1644:
1580:
1439:
1429:
1280:
1136:. Vol. IV: S–Z (2nd ed.). Punjabi University, Patiala. p. 426.
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24:
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2012:
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1990:
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677:, splitting up from each other in confusion, and being attacked by
640:
1404:
1187:
The Granth of Guru Gobind Singh: Essays, Lectures and
Translations
740:
It is at the
Anandpur Kavi Darbar that the voluminous and massive
392:(literally "poet court") is a term that refers to historical Sikh
1522:
1484:
1241:
860:
810:, authored by Kavi Kankan, a versified account of the ten human
3124:
3057:
3052:
2499:
1980:
1960:
1547:
1489:
1469:
1409:
1389:
904:
The term "Kavi Darbar" is alternatively spelt as 'Kavi Durbar'.
666:
648:
590:
2074:
3047:
2910:
2029:
2005:
1174:. Shiromani Gurdwara Parbandhak Committee. pp. 211, 214.
837:
122:
1945:
594:
Modern painting of Kavi
Kuvresh by the Anandpur Art Project
1210:
2056:
725:
A selection of literature produced by the
Anandpur Darbar
826:, authored by Kavi Giridhar Lal, text on Hindi prosody.
1165:
Singh, Manjit; Vakta, Harbhajan Singh (October 2020).
1096:
Singh, Khushwant (January 1987). "Guru Gobind Singh".
832:, authored by Kavi Kunvaresh, interpretation of the
423:, the names of the fifty-two poets are as follows:
3224:
849:of the Mahabharata, authored by Kavi Mangal Rai.
1185:Singh, Kamalroop; Mann, Gurinder Singh (2015).
879:(section) of the Mahabharata by Kavi Amrit Rai.
766:
2090:
1226:
1005:Fenech, Louis E.; McLeod, William H. (2014).
913:Bhai Gurdas Singh is not to be confused with
370:
1004:
415:(literally "fifty-two poets"). According to
669:evacuated Anandpur in December 1705 due to
2097:
2083:
1233:
1219:
1164:
1149:Sri Guru Gobind Singh Ji De Darbari Rattan
1072:"The Literary Genius of Guru Gobind Singh"
377:
363:
2406:List of battles involving the Sikh Empire
1184:
759:The Lakhi Jungle Darbar was based in the
16:17th and 18th-century Sikh court of poets
720:
589:
18:
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1000:
998:
996:
994:
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988:
986:
984:
982:
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978:
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737:into Braj, Sadh Bhakha, and Punjabi.
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1117:
1115:
1113:
1111:
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1026:
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958:
956:
770:
13:
1155:
1085:(4): 35–39 – via PhilPapers.
1070:Singh, Devinder Pal (April 1999).
716:
689:, it is said that around fourteen
14:
3249:
1108:
1060:
1041:Singh, Roopinder (8 April 2018).
1023:
953:
729:The Anandpur Darbar was based in
3209:
3208:
3200:
3011:Sikhs in the British Indian Army
1007:Historical Dictionary of Sikhism
774:
696:
54:
3201:
2104:
2052:Contemporary Sant Mat movements
1178:
1043:"Baisakhi in the City of Bliss"
933:
701:The Paonta Darbar was based in
685:. According to D. P. Singh and
3105:Sikhism and sexual orientation
1140:
1089:
920:
907:
898:
671:aggression from hostile forces
1:
946:
7:
1240:
1189:. Oxford University Press.
1147:Padam, Piara Singh (1976).
1134:The Encyclopedia of Sikhism
843:Braj interpretation of the
767:List of literature produced
705:. It was established after
10:
3254:
2465:British East India Company
735:ancient Sanskrit treatises
406:
3198:
3160:
2931:
2891:
2877:Treaty of Amritsar (1846)
2857:Treaty of Amritsar (1809)
2849:
2823:
2806:Johann Martin Honigberger
2763:
2665:Chattar Singh Attariwalla
2557:
2550:
2514:
2442:
2416:
2384:
2351:
2318:
2275:
2167:
2158:
2112:
2067:
1944:
1688:
1566:
1498:
1380:
1330:
1261:
1248:
875:Braj interpretation of a
2867:Treaty of Chushul (1842)
2862:Tripartite Treaty (1838)
891:
338:Faridkot Teeka Committee
2872:Treaty of Lahore (1846)
2750:Malik Fateh Khan Tiwana
1675:Samadhi of Ranjit Singh
1132:Singh, Harbans (2004).
233:Akhbar Sri Darbar Sahib
213:Steek (Sikh literature)
2705:Ajit Singh Sandhawalia
2690:Mangal Singh Ramgarhia
2680:Ranjodh Singh Majithia
2660:Sher Singh Attariwalla
2655:Sham Singh Attariwalla
2551:Officials and warriors
2460:Emirate of Afghanistan
2366:Battle of Chillianwala
1591:Darbar Sahib Kartarpur
1340:Beliefs and principles
726:
595:
28:
3043:Fariduddin Ganjshakar
2786:François Henri Mouton
2776:Jean-Baptiste Ventura
2615:Khushal Singh Jamadar
2402:Panchayati Revolution
2398:Hill States–Sikh Wars
2353:Second Anglo-Sikh War
1665:Qila Mubarak, Patiala
724:
593:
153:Prachin Panth Prakash
22:
2824:Influential families
2781:Claude Auguste Court
2771:Jean-François Allard
2685:Surat Singh Majithia
2675:Lehna Singh Majithia
2480:Hill States Alliance
2333:Battle of Ferozeshah
2320:First Anglo-Sikh War
2040:Akhand Kirtani Jatha
2018:Piara Singh Bhaniara
1897:United Arab Emirates
1635:Hazuri Bagh Baradari
1365:Cannabis and Sikhism
603:Louis E. Fenech and
3115:Idolatry in Sikhism
3033:Nanakshahi calendar
3028:Sikh Light Infantry
2670:Amar Singh Majithia
2605:Mahan Singh Mirpuri
2396:, Katoch–Sikh War,
755:Lakhi Jungle Darbar
707:Raja Medini Prakash
248:The Khalsa Advocate
158:Twarikh Guru Khalsa
3238:History of Sikhism
3016:11th Sikh Regiment
2831:Sandhawalia family
2745:Sultan Mahmud Khan
2730:Jarnail Ghaus Khan
2715:Sangat Singh Saini
2610:Dewan Mokham Chand
2485:Kingdom of Mankera
2361:Battle of Ramnagar
2305:Battle of Peshawar
2300:Battle of Nowshera
2177:Battle of Bhangani
1655:Nanak Shahi bricks
1558:Tav-Prasad Savaiye
1350:Sikh Rehat Maryada
1345:Guru Maneyo Granth
915:Bhai Gurdas Bhalla
885:Vidya Sagar Granth
859:saints, including
786:. You can help by
761:Lakhi Jungle tract
742:Vidya Sagar Granth
727:
657:Kavi Santokh Singh
596:
353:Punjabi literature
318:Tara Singh Narotam
308:Ratan Singh Bhangu
303:Kavi Santokh Singh
29:
3220:
3219:
2901:Bandi Chhor Divas
2885:
2884:
2819:
2818:
2791:Alexander Gardner
2710:Kahan Singh Nakai
2695:Akali Phula Singh
2575:Diwan Bhawani Das
2412:
2411:
2343:Battle of Sobraon
2295:Battle of Shopian
1780:Jammu and Kashmir
1680:Well of Dina Nath
1508:Guru Granth Sahib
1321:Guru Granth Sahib
1316:Guru Gobind Singh
1311:Guru Tegh Bahadur
1016:978-1-4422-3600-4
804:
803:
387:
386:
141:Historiographical
3245:
3212:
3211:
3204:
3203:
3140:Punjabi language
3100:Women in Sikhism
2640:Balbhadra Kunwar
2600:Hari Singh Nalwa
2590:Misr Diwan Chand
2580:Diwan Buta Singh
2555:
2554:
2495:Barakzai dynasty
2470:Kingdom of Nepal
2424:Sikh Khalsa Army
2376:Battle of Gujrat
2338:Battle of Aliwal
2310:Battle of Jamrud
2290:Battle of Multan
2285:Battle of Attock
2277:Afghan–Sikh wars
2169:Mughal-Sikh Wars
2165:
2164:
2099:
2092:
2085:
2076:
2075:
1956:Sects of Sikhism
1922:Northern Ireland
1650:Moti Bagh Palace
1625:Bahadurgarh Fort
1323:(Sikh holy book)
1306:Guru Har Krishan
1235:
1228:
1221:
1212:
1211:
1205:
1204:
1182:
1176:
1175:
1173:
1168:Gurdwara Gazette
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902:
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771:
417:Kahn Singh Nabha
379:
372:
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323:Kahn Singh Nabha
313:Giani Gian Singh
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67:
58:
48:
38:
31:
30:
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3233:Sikh literature
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3194:
3156:
2927:
2887:
2886:
2881:
2845:
2836:Majithia family
2815:
2796:Paolo Avitabile
2759:
2740:Fakir Azizuddin
2650:Mehta Basti Ram
2570:Diwan Dina Nath
2546:
2510:
2490:Namgyal dynasty
2438:
2417:Military forces
2408:
2380:
2371:Siege of Multan
2347:
2328:Battle of Mudki
2314:
2271:
2160:
2154:
2130:Nau Nihal Singh
2108:
2103:
2063:
1948:and communities
1947:
1940:
1684:
1670:Ramgarhia Bunga
1581:Harmandir Sahib
1562:
1494:
1376:
1372:Diet in Sikhism
1326:
1257:
1244:
1239:
1209:
1208:
1197:
1183:
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1163:
1156:
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1109:
1098:The Sikh Review
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1090:
1079:The Sikh Review
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791:
784:needs expansion
769:
757:
719:
717:Anandpur Darbar
699:
687:Khushwant Singh
681:, including at
655:. According to
633:Roopinder Singh
588:
409:
383:
349:Sikh scriptures
343:
342:
288:
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277:
268:
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258:
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243:Khalsa Samachar
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178:Ham Hindu Nahin
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47:Sikh literature
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2814:
2813:
2811:Henry Lawrence
2808:
2803:
2798:
2793:
2788:
2783:
2778:
2773:
2767:
2765:
2761:
2760:
2758:
2757:
2755:Sohan Lal Suri
2752:
2747:
2742:
2737:
2732:
2727:
2722:
2717:
2712:
2707:
2702:
2697:
2692:
2687:
2682:
2677:
2672:
2667:
2662:
2657:
2652:
2647:
2642:
2637:
2632:
2627:
2622:
2617:
2612:
2607:
2602:
2597:
2592:
2587:
2582:
2577:
2572:
2567:
2561:
2559:
2552:
2548:
2547:
2545:
2544:
2539:
2534:
2529:
2524:
2518:
2516:
2512:
2511:
2509:
2508:
2506:Maqpon Dynasty
2503:
2497:
2492:
2487:
2482:
2477:
2472:
2467:
2462:
2457:
2455:Durrani Empire
2452:
2446:
2444:
2440:
2439:
2437:
2436:
2431:
2426:
2420:
2418:
2414:
2413:
2410:
2409:
2390:Nepal–Sikh War
2388:
2386:
2382:
2381:
2379:
2378:
2373:
2368:
2363:
2357:
2355:
2349:
2348:
2346:
2345:
2340:
2335:
2330:
2324:
2322:
2316:
2315:
2313:
2312:
2307:
2302:
2297:
2292:
2287:
2281:
2279:
2273:
2272:
2270:
2269:
2264:
2259:
2254:
2249:
2244:
2239:
2234:
2229:
2224:
2219:
2214:
2209:
2204:
2199:
2194:
2189:
2184:
2179:
2173:
2171:
2162:
2156:
2155:
2153:
2152:
2147:
2142:
2137:
2132:
2127:
2122:
2116:
2114:
2110:
2109:
2102:
2101:
2094:
2087:
2079:
2073:
2071:
2065:
2064:
2062:
2061:
2060:
2059:
2049:
2044:
2043:
2042:
2037:
2035:Damdami Taksal
2027:
2022:
2021:
2020:
2010:
2009:
2008:
2003:
1998:
1993:
1988:
1983:
1978:
1973:
1968:
1963:
1952:
1950:
1942:
1941:
1939:
1938:
1937:
1936:
1926:
1925:
1924:
1919:
1914:
1909:
1902:United Kingdom
1899:
1894:
1889:
1884:
1879:
1874:
1869:
1864:
1859:
1854:
1849:
1844:
1839:
1834:
1829:
1824:
1819:
1814:
1809:
1804:
1799:
1794:
1793:
1792:
1787:
1782:
1772:
1767:
1762:
1757:
1752:
1747:
1742:
1737:
1736:
1735:
1725:
1720:
1715:
1710:
1705:
1700:
1694:
1692:
1686:
1685:
1683:
1682:
1677:
1672:
1667:
1662:
1657:
1652:
1647:
1642:
1637:
1632:
1627:
1622:
1621:
1620:
1619:
1618:
1613:
1608:
1603:
1593:
1588:
1583:
1572:
1570:
1564:
1563:
1561:
1560:
1555:
1553:Sukhmani Sahib
1550:
1545:
1540:
1535:
1530:
1525:
1520:
1518:Sarbloh Granth
1515:
1510:
1504:
1502:
1496:
1495:
1493:
1492:
1487:
1482:
1477:
1472:
1467:
1462:
1457:
1452:
1447:
1442:
1437:
1432:
1427:
1422:
1417:
1412:
1407:
1402:
1397:
1395:Sikh practices
1392:
1386:
1384:
1378:
1377:
1375:
1374:
1369:
1368:
1367:
1357:
1352:
1347:
1342:
1336:
1334:
1328:
1327:
1325:
1324:
1318:
1313:
1308:
1303:
1298:
1296:Guru Hargobind
1293:
1288:
1283:
1278:
1273:
1267:
1265:
1259:
1258:
1249:
1246:
1245:
1238:
1237:
1230:
1223:
1215:
1207:
1206:
1195:
1177:
1154:
1139:
1107:
1088:
1059:
1022:
1015:
951:
950:
948:
945:
942:
941:
932:
919:
906:
896:
895:
893:
890:
889:
888:
882:
873:
867:Rajniti Granth
864:
850:
841:
836:'s portion on
827:
821:
815:
802:
801:
781:
779:
768:
765:
756:
753:
731:Anandpur Sahib
718:
715:
698:
695:
683:Chamkaur Sahib
587:
586:
583:
580:
577:
574:
571:
568:
565:
562:
559:
556:
553:
550:
547:
544:
541:
538:
535:
532:
527:
524:
521:
518:
515:
512:
509:
506:
503:
500:
497:
494:
491:
486:
483:
480:
477:
474:
471:
468:
465:
462:
459:
456:
453:
450:
447:
444:
441:
438:
435:
432:
429:
425:
408:
405:
385:
384:
382:
381:
374:
367:
359:
356:
355:
345:
344:
341:
340:
335:
330:
325:
320:
315:
310:
305:
300:
295:
289:
284:
283:
280:
279:
276:
275:
269:
264:
263:
260:
259:
256:
255:
253:Gurmat Parkash
250:
245:
240:
235:
229:
224:
223:
220:
219:
216:
215:
210:
208:Faridkot Teeka
205:
200:
194:
189:
188:
185:
184:
181:
180:
174:
169:
168:
165:
164:
161:
160:
155:
150:
144:
139:
138:
135:
134:
131:
130:
128:Jhatka Parkash
125:
119:
114:
113:
110:
109:
106:
105:
99:
94:
93:
90:
89:
86:
85:
80:
75:
69:
66:Hagiographical
64:
63:
60:
59:
51:
50:
42:
41:
15:
9:
6:
4:
3:
2:
3250:
3239:
3236:
3234:
3231:
3230:
3228:
3215:
3207:
3197:
3191:
3188:
3186:
3183:
3181:
3180:Kesgarh Sahib
3178:
3176:
3175:Damdama Sahib
3173:
3171:
3168:
3167:
3165:
3163:
3159:
3153:
3150:
3145:
3141:
3138:
3136:
3133:
3131:
3128:
3127:
3126:
3123:
3121:
3118:
3116:
3113:
3111:
3108:
3106:
3103:
3101:
3098:
3096:
3093:
3091:
3088:
3084:
3081:
3080:
3079:
3076:
3074:
3071:
3069:
3066:
3064:
3061:
3059:
3056:
3054:
3051:
3049:
3046:
3044:
3041:
3039:
3036:
3034:
3031:
3029:
3026:
3024:
3023:Sikh Regiment
3021:
3017:
3014:
3013:
3012:
3009:
3007:
3004:
3002:
2999:
2997:
2994:
2992:
2989:
2987:
2984:
2982:
2979:
2977:
2974:
2972:
2969:
2967:
2964:
2962:
2959:
2957:
2954:
2952:
2949:
2947:
2944:
2942:
2939:
2938:
2936:
2934:
2930:
2924:
2921:
2917:
2914:
2913:
2912:
2909:
2907:
2904:
2902:
2899:
2898:
2896:
2894:
2890:
2878:
2875:
2873:
2870:
2868:
2865:
2863:
2860:
2858:
2855:
2854:
2852:
2848:
2842:
2841:Tiwana family
2839:
2837:
2834:
2832:
2829:
2828:
2826:
2822:
2812:
2809:
2807:
2804:
2802:
2801:Josiah Harlan
2799:
2797:
2794:
2792:
2789:
2787:
2784:
2782:
2779:
2777:
2774:
2772:
2769:
2768:
2766:
2762:
2756:
2753:
2751:
2748:
2746:
2743:
2741:
2738:
2736:
2733:
2731:
2728:
2726:
2723:
2721:
2718:
2716:
2713:
2711:
2708:
2706:
2703:
2701:
2698:
2696:
2693:
2691:
2688:
2686:
2683:
2681:
2678:
2676:
2673:
2671:
2668:
2666:
2663:
2661:
2658:
2656:
2653:
2651:
2648:
2646:
2645:Jawahar Singh
2643:
2641:
2638:
2636:
2633:
2631:
2628:
2626:
2623:
2621:
2620:Zorawar Singh
2618:
2616:
2613:
2611:
2608:
2606:
2603:
2601:
2598:
2596:
2593:
2591:
2588:
2586:
2583:
2581:
2578:
2576:
2573:
2571:
2568:
2566:
2563:
2562:
2560:
2556:
2553:
2549:
2543:
2540:
2538:
2535:
2533:
2532:Harkishangarh
2530:
2528:
2525:
2523:
2520:
2519:
2517:
2513:
2507:
2504:
2501:
2498:
2496:
2493:
2491:
2488:
2486:
2483:
2481:
2478:
2476:
2473:
2471:
2468:
2466:
2463:
2461:
2458:
2456:
2453:
2451:
2450:Mughal Empire
2448:
2447:
2445:
2441:
2435:
2432:
2430:
2427:
2425:
2422:
2421:
2419:
2415:
2407:
2403:
2399:
2395:
2394:Sino-Sikh war
2391:
2387:
2383:
2377:
2374:
2372:
2369:
2367:
2364:
2362:
2359:
2358:
2356:
2354:
2350:
2344:
2341:
2339:
2336:
2334:
2331:
2329:
2326:
2325:
2323:
2321:
2317:
2311:
2308:
2306:
2303:
2301:
2298:
2296:
2293:
2291:
2288:
2286:
2283:
2282:
2280:
2278:
2274:
2268:
2265:
2263:
2262:Gurdas Nangal
2260:
2258:
2255:
2253:
2250:
2248:
2245:
2243:
2240:
2238:
2237:Chappar Chiri
2235:
2233:
2230:
2228:
2225:
2223:
2220:
2218:
2215:
2213:
2210:
2208:
2205:
2203:
2200:
2198:
2195:
2193:
2190:
2188:
2185:
2183:
2180:
2178:
2175:
2174:
2172:
2170:
2166:
2163:
2157:
2151:
2148:
2146:
2143:
2141:
2138:
2136:
2133:
2131:
2128:
2126:
2123:
2121:
2118:
2117:
2115:
2111:
2107:
2100:
2095:
2093:
2088:
2086:
2081:
2080:
2077:
2072:
2070:
2066:
2058:
2055:
2054:
2053:
2050:
2048:
2045:
2041:
2038:
2036:
2033:
2032:
2031:
2028:
2026:
2025:Agrahari Sikh
2023:
2019:
2016:
2015:
2014:
2011:
2007:
2004:
2002:
1999:
1997:
1994:
1992:
1989:
1987:
1984:
1982:
1979:
1977:
1974:
1972:
1969:
1967:
1964:
1962:
1959:
1958:
1957:
1954:
1953:
1951:
1949:
1946:Groups, sects
1943:
1935:
1934:U.S. Military
1932:
1931:
1930:
1929:United States
1927:
1923:
1920:
1918:
1915:
1913:
1910:
1908:
1905:
1904:
1903:
1900:
1898:
1895:
1893:
1890:
1888:
1885:
1883:
1880:
1878:
1875:
1873:
1870:
1868:
1865:
1863:
1860:
1858:
1855:
1853:
1850:
1848:
1845:
1843:
1840:
1838:
1835:
1833:
1830:
1828:
1825:
1823:
1820:
1818:
1815:
1813:
1810:
1808:
1805:
1803:
1800:
1798:
1795:
1791:
1788:
1786:
1783:
1781:
1778:
1777:
1776:
1773:
1771:
1768:
1766:
1763:
1761:
1758:
1756:
1753:
1751:
1748:
1746:
1743:
1741:
1738:
1734:
1731:
1730:
1729:
1726:
1724:
1721:
1719:
1716:
1714:
1711:
1709:
1706:
1704:
1701:
1699:
1696:
1695:
1693:
1691:
1687:
1681:
1678:
1676:
1673:
1671:
1668:
1666:
1663:
1661:
1658:
1656:
1653:
1651:
1648:
1646:
1645:Khanda museum
1643:
1641:
1638:
1636:
1633:
1631:
1628:
1626:
1623:
1617:
1616:North America
1614:
1612:
1609:
1607:
1604:
1602:
1599:
1598:
1597:
1594:
1592:
1589:
1587:
1584:
1582:
1579:
1578:
1577:
1574:
1573:
1571:
1569:
1565:
1559:
1556:
1554:
1551:
1549:
1546:
1544:
1541:
1539:
1536:
1534:
1531:
1529:
1526:
1524:
1521:
1519:
1516:
1514:
1511:
1509:
1506:
1505:
1503:
1501:
1497:
1491:
1488:
1486:
1483:
1481:
1478:
1476:
1473:
1471:
1468:
1466:
1463:
1461:
1458:
1456:
1453:
1451:
1448:
1446:
1445:Three Pillars
1443:
1441:
1440:Antam Sanskar
1438:
1436:
1433:
1431:
1430:Amrit Sanchar
1428:
1426:
1423:
1421:
1418:
1416:
1413:
1411:
1408:
1406:
1403:
1401:
1398:
1396:
1393:
1391:
1388:
1387:
1385:
1383:
1379:
1373:
1370:
1366:
1363:
1362:
1361:
1358:
1356:
1355:The 52 Hukams
1353:
1351:
1348:
1346:
1343:
1341:
1338:
1337:
1335:
1333:
1329:
1322:
1319:
1317:
1314:
1312:
1309:
1307:
1304:
1302:
1299:
1297:
1294:
1292:
1289:
1287:
1284:
1282:
1281:Guru Amar Das
1279:
1277:
1274:
1272:
1269:
1268:
1266:
1264:
1260:
1256:
1252:
1247:
1243:
1236:
1231:
1229:
1224:
1222:
1217:
1216:
1213:
1203:
1198:
1196:9780199458974
1192:
1188:
1181:
1170:
1169:
1161:
1159:
1151:(in Punjabi).
1150:
1143:
1135:
1128:
1126:
1124:
1122:
1120:
1118:
1116:
1114:
1112:
1104:(397): 13–18.
1103:
1099:
1092:
1084:
1080:
1073:
1066:
1064:
1048:
1044:
1037:
1035:
1033:
1031:
1029:
1027:
1018:
1012:
1008:
1001:
999:
997:
995:
993:
991:
989:
987:
985:
983:
981:
979:
977:
975:
973:
971:
969:
967:
965:
963:
961:
959:
957:
952:
936:
929:
923:
916:
910:
901:
897:
886:
883:
881:
878:
874:
872:
868:
865:
862:
858:
854:
851:
848:
847:
842:
839:
835:
831:
828:
825:
822:
819:
816:
813:
809:
808:Das Gur Katha
806:
805:
798:
789:
785:
782:This section
780:
777:
773:
772:
764:
762:
752:
750:
749:
743:
738:
736:
732:
723:
714:
712:
708:
704:
697:Paonta Darbar
694:
692:
688:
684:
680:
679:Mughal forces
676:
675:Sirsa Rivulet
672:
668:
664:
663:
662:Suraj Prakash
658:
654:
650:
646:
642:
638:
634:
631:According to
629:
627:
623:
619:
613:
611:
606:
602:
592:
584:
581:
578:
575:
572:
569:
566:
563:
560:
557:
554:
551:
548:
545:
542:
539:
536:
533:
531:
528:
525:
522:
520:Nishchal Dass
519:
516:
513:
510:
507:
504:
501:
498:
495:
492:
490:
487:
484:
481:
478:
475:
472:
469:
466:
463:
460:
457:
454:
451:
448:
445:
442:
439:
436:
433:
430:
427:
426:
424:
422:
418:
414:
404:
401:
397:
396:
391:
380:
375:
373:
368:
366:
361:
360:
358:
357:
354:
350:
347:
346:
339:
336:
334:
331:
329:
326:
324:
321:
319:
316:
314:
311:
309:
306:
304:
301:
299:
296:
294:
291:
290:
282:
281:
274:
271:
270:
262:
261:
254:
251:
249:
246:
244:
241:
239:
238:Khalsa Akhbar
236:
234:
231:
230:
222:
221:
214:
211:
209:
206:
204:
203:Hanuman Natak
201:
199:
196:
195:
187:
186:
179:
176:
175:
167:
166:
159:
156:
154:
151:
149:
146:
145:
137:
136:
129:
126:
124:
121:
120:
112:
111:
104:
101:
100:
92:
91:
84:
81:
79:
78:Suraj Parkash
76:
74:
71:
70:
62:
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33:
32:
26:
21:
3152:Sacred trees
2933:Other topics
2906:Hola Mohalla
2735:Ilahi Bakhsh
2595:Diwan Mulraj
2585:Pratap Singh
2542:Zorawar Fort
2197:2nd Anandpur
2192:1st Anandpur
2150:Duleep Singh
2125:Kharak Singh
2120:Ranjit Singh
2013:Mazhabi Sikh
1872:South Africa
1640:Kesgarh Qila
1586:Janam Asthan
1568:Architecture
1513:Dasam Granth
1480:Charhdi Kala
1360:Prohibitions
1301:Guru Har Rai
1286:Guru Ram Das
1200:
1186:
1180:
1167:
1148:
1142:
1133:
1101:
1097:
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1050:. Retrieved
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871:Hitopadesha.
870:
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846:Shalya Parva
844:
829:
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792:
788:adding to it
783:
758:
746:
741:
739:
728:
703:Paonta Sahib
700:
690:
660:
630:
621:
614:
605:W. H. McLeod
601:Sikhologists
597:
582:Roshan Singh
514:Dhayan Singh
511:Dhanna Singh
508:Dharam Singh
446:Ishavar Dass
413:Bavanja Kavi
412:
410:
393:
389:
388:
297:
293:Bhatra Sikhs
25:Krishnavatar
3190:Patna Sahib
3185:Hazur Sahib
2720:Hukma Singh
2635:Gulab Singh
2565:Dhian Singh
2537:Lahore Fort
2527:Multan Fort
2522:Jamrud Fort
2475:Qing Empire
2443:Adversaries
2429:Fauj-i-Khas
2106:Sikh Empire
2069:Sikh Empire
2047:Singh Sabha
1976:Nanakpanthi
1887:Switzerland
1877:South Korea
1837:New Zealand
1832:Netherlands
1703:Afghanistan
1533:Japji Sahib
1465:The Five Ks
1460:Vand Chhako
1425:Anand Karaj
1047:The Tribune
838:Dronacharya
834:Mahabharata
830:Drona Parva
626:Indic texts
622:ritigranths
618:Pahari Raja
610:D. P. Singh
558:Madan Singh
543:Bidhi Chand
523:Nihal Chand
470:Hussain Ali
452:Sukha Singh
390:Kavi Darbar
328:Sumer Singh
298:Kavi Darbar
226:Periodicals
198:Gobind Gita
3227:Categories
3170:Akal Takht
3110:In Fiction
3095:Ravidassia
3063:Dharamyudh
2986:Literature
2976:Panj Pyare
2916:Mela Maghi
2764:Foreigners
2725:Veer Singh
2700:Chandu Lal
2434:Fauj-i-Ain
2140:Sher Singh
2135:Chand Kaur
1991:Sewapanthi
1718:Bangladesh
1690:By country
1660:Pul Kanjri
1630:Fateh Burj
1543:Jaap Sahib
1528:Mul Mantar
1450:Kirat Karo
1435:Amrit Velā
1420:Naam Karan
1400:Sikh rites
1332:Philosophy
1291:Guru Arjan
1276:Guru Angad
1271:Guru Nanak
1052:20 January
947:References
853:Prem Abodh
824:Pingal Sar
818:Ganj-namah
812:Sikh gurus
570:Mala Singh
561:Madan Giri
534:Pindi Dass
526:Nand Singh
482:Khan Chand
148:Bhat Vahis
123:Rehatnamas
103:Mahan Kosh
73:Janamsakhi
3120:Criticism
3038:Ramananda
2893:Festivals
2630:Lal Singh
2625:Tej Singh
2502:of Poonch
2252:Jalalabad
2161:conflicts
2145:Jind Kaur
1986:Nirankari
1867:Singapore
1797:Indonesia
1733:Vancouver
1708:Australia
1500:Scripture
1455:Naam Japo
1382:Practices
795:June 2024
567:Maan Dass
440:Asa Singh
434:Amrit Rai
421:Mahankosh
333:Vir Singh
273:Hukamnama
171:Rebuttals
83:Sau Sakhi
3214:Category
3144:Gurmukhī
3135:Punjabis
3078:Hinduism
3006:Politics
2966:Waheguru
2961:Ik Onkar
2923:Vaisakhi
2850:Treaties
2232:Sadhaura
2202:Chamkaur
2159:Military
2001:Ramraiya
1971:Namdhari
1912:Scotland
1892:Thailand
1852:Pakistan
1822:Malaysia
1698:Diaspora
1576:Gurdwara
1251:Glossary
641:Sanskrit
552:Brij Lal
530:Nand Lal
479:Kuveresh
473:Hans Ram
461:Sainapat
449:Sukh Dev
428:Uday Rai
400:guruship
191:Exegeses
37:a series
34:Part of
3206:Outline
3130:History
3073:Jainism
2946:Culture
2941:History
2558:Natives
2500:Sudhans
2247:Lohgarh
2227:Sirhind
2217:Sonepat
2212:Muktsar
1996:Nirmala
1907:England
1765:Germany
1755:Finland
1745:Denmark
1723:Belgium
1713:Austria
1538:Chaupai
1523:Gurbani
1485:Dasvand
1255:History
1242:Sikhism
861:Mirabai
659:in the
653:Punjabi
645:Persian
555:Mathura
546:Bulland
537:Ballabh
496:Chandan
431:Ani Rai
407:History
395:durbars
286:Authors
266:Letters
3125:Punjab
3058:Dastar
3053:Sardar
3001:Places
2971:Khanda
2385:Others
2222:Samana
2187:Basoli
2182:Nadaun
2113:Rulers
1981:Nihang
1961:Khalsa
1882:Sweden
1862:Poland
1857:Panama
1847:Norway
1790:Punjab
1770:Greece
1760:France
1728:Canada
1611:Europe
1601:Africa
1548:Rehras
1490:Jhatka
1470:Simran
1415:Langar
1410:Kirtan
1390:Khalsa
1193:
1013:
857:Bhakti
748:maunds
691:maunds
667:Khalsa
651:, and
649:Arabic
573:Mangal
564:Malloo
540:Balloo
517:Nannoo
505:Tehkin
502:Jamaal
499:Chanda
489:Gurdas
458:Sudama
455:Sukhia
116:Praxis
3162:Takht
3090:Sikhs
3068:Islam
3048:Kabir
2996:Names
2991:Music
2981:Films
2956:Music
2911:Maghi
2515:Forts
2267:Delhi
2257:Jammu
2242:Rahon
2207:Sarsa
2030:Jatha
2006:Udasi
1917:Wales
1827:Nepal
1817:Japan
1812:Italy
1785:Kochi
1775:India
1740:China
1405:Ardās
1263:Gurus
1172:(PDF)
1075:(PDF)
928:maund
892:Notes
877:Parva
711:Nahan
585:Lakha
579:Rawal
549:Brikh
493:Gopal
485:Gunia
476:Kallu
464:Shyam
96:Lexis
3083:Rama
1966:Mina
1842:Niue
1807:Iraq
1802:Iran
1750:Fiji
1606:Asia
1596:List
1475:Sewa
1253:and
1191:ISBN
1054:2024
1011:ISBN
637:Braj
467:Heer
443:Alim
437:Allu
2951:Art
2057:3HO
790:.
709:of
628:.
576:Ram
419:'s
3229::
2404:,
2400:,
2392:,
1199:.
1157:^
1110:^
1102:35
1100:.
1083:47
1081:.
1077:.
1062:^
1045:.
1025:^
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Text is available under the Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike License. Additional terms may apply.
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