524:"Ormuri is a West Iranian language, and its nearest relatives are the dialects of western Persia and Kurdish. Another interesting point is that Ormuri, although a West Iranian language, contains manifest evidence of contact with the Dardic languages whose present habitat is the hill country south of the Hindu Kush. At the present day these languages are being gradually superseded by Pashto, and are dying out in the face of their more powerful neighbour. Those of the Swat and Indus Kohistans are disappearing before our eyes. There is reason to believe that this has been going on for several centuries. In historic times they were once spoken as far south as the Tirah valley, where now the only language heard is Pashto, and the fact that Ormuri shows traces of them leads to the supposition that there were once speakers of a Dardic languages still further south in Waziristan and, perhaps, the Logar country before they were occupied by the Pashtuns."
505:'s book (1891) "An Enquiry into the Ethnography of Afghanistan", Bayazid's people — currently referred to as "Burki" but who until the early twentieth century were known as Barak or Baraki—were found in large numbers during the Greek period in their present environs (p. 62). On page 8 of this seminal work, Bellew refers to the Baraki's origins as "mysterious" but not of Arab/Ansari descent. On page 62, he writes of the Baraki: "After the time of the Greek dominion, the Baraki increased greatly in numbers and influence, and acquired extensive possessions towards the Hindu Kush in the north and the Suleman range in the south, and eastward as far as the Indus. During the reign of
164:
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517:. They are a fine, tall and active people, with fairer complexions than the generality of Pashtuns, and are held in consideration as a respectable people. They have no place in the Pashtun genealogies by that name, being generally reckoned along with the Tajik population. Yet it is not altogether improbable that the present ruling tribe (Barakzai) of the Durrani/Abdali in Afghanistan and Pakistan is originally derived from the Baraki."
22:
440:, whose descendants moved to Basti Baba Khel in the seventeenth century. Real name Bayazid, became known as Pir Roshan (the enlightened pir) and was an advocate for learning and equal treatment for women, a revolutionary concept for the times and even today in South Waziristan. From his base in Kaniguram, he started his insurgency movement, which was carried on by his children and then his grandchildren.
171:
406:
is easy to guard, as behind it are mountains (Preghal and
Jullundur) which limit access from the north. This footbridge has, more often than not, been unusable due to its poor infrastructure. The people of this settlement often have to climb down the steep ravine from the road during harsh winter months and then climb back up to the Kaniguram side.
498:. There are two divisions of the tribe. The Barkis of Rajan in the province of Lohgad, who speak Persian, and the Barakis of Barak, a city near the former, who speak the language called Barki; at Kaniguram under Shah Malak who are independent. The Barakis of this place and of Barak alone speak the Baraki language.
597:
Following the 2002 invasion, some scholars into the field to study and understand this movement Sergei
Andreyev, (Chief Joint Mission Analysis Center, United Nations), an Oxford academic was sent on UN assignment to Afghanistan, while at the same time he was funded by the Institute of Ismaili Studies
402:, a Burki/Urmar, fought a major insurgency against the Mughal Emperor Akbar in the early sixteenth century. They are considered as the armory of the Mahsuds due to their small-arms cottage industry, which, however, does not rival Darra Adam Khel's. Kaniguram's daggers once rivaled those of Damascus.
520:
George
Grierson has given a detailed account of the language in the "Memoirs of the Asiatic Society of Bengal" 1918 , along with history of the tribe and the language. This work has been revised by including more information on the subject and published in his well-Known "Linguistic Survey of India
405:
Kaniguram is accessible from the north via the Razmak road and from the south from Wana on a narrow metalled road that is one of the few roads in South
Waziristan. Access from this main "road" is limited to a suspension footbridge across a wide ravine that separates Kaniguram from the main road and
390:
tribe has primarily inhabited
Kaniguram. This place has been their tribe's focal point for over 800 years. Kaniguram has historically been remained off limits to outsiders except for the Burki and, more recently, the Mahsuds. Common store-front signs are "Burki knives" and "Burki pharmacy" and are
395:
are as complex as they are intimate. They are generally on good terms except for occasional skirmishes/war between the two. Despite living in an enclave within what has become Mahsud territory, the Urmar/Baraki/Burki have stubbornly retained their mother tongue/identity/traditions in
Kaniguram.
874:
Aminullah
Gandapur, "Tarikh-e-Sar Zamin-e-Gomal" (Urdu) History of the Gomal Land; National Book Foundation, Islamababd, 2008, P- 58–60; Quoting from sources like "Tuzk-e-jahangiri" (Emperor Jahangir) Notes (Raverty) 'Glossary of Tribes' (Sir Danzil Ibbeston, Edward Maclagan and H.A.Rose) and
493:
The Barkis are included in the general term of
Parsiwan, or Tajak; they are original inhabitants of Yemen whence they were brought by Sultan Mahmud of Ghazni; they accompanied him in his invasion of India, and were pre-eminently instrumental in the abstraction of the gates of the temple of
420:
tribes, the Burki seeks self-segregation from the outside world: thus the importance of
Kaniguram as the historical focal point of the tribe and the continued effort to retain their native tongue (Urmar), which predates Pushtu. Bayazid of the Urmars/Baraks became widely known as
509:(2 November 971 – 30 April 1030), the Baraki were an important tribe, and largely aided the Sultan in his military expeditions. The reputation then acquired as soldiers they still retain, and the Afghan monarchs always entertain a bodyguard composed exclusively of Baraki. . . .
396:
Kaniguram's layout is distinctive from other hamlets/settlements in the FATA in that the homes are adjacent or interconnected. Land in and around
Kaniguram is exclusively in Burki, and to a lesser degree Mahsud, ownership or controll.
855:
The Rawshaniyya; Millenarian Sufi Movement in the Mughal Tribal Periphery, in Persianate Sufism in the Safavid and Mughal Period. An International Conference on Late Classical Sufism, London 19–21 May 1997, Abstracts,
849:
Religious factor in the traditional Pashtun warfare, in Proceedings of the International Conference on Weaponry and Warfare in Historical and Social Perspective, Hermitage Press, St Petersburg, 1998, pp. 55–59
413:, where some work at the airport, or as traders. They are very involved in Pakistan's trucking and construction industries based primarily out of Karachi and are enterprising businessmen and traders.
443:
The major focus of the movement was to create equality between men and women, including the right to learn and listen to lectures of scholars and to fight against Akbar after his proclamation of
466:) are spoken in Kaniguram; today, all Ormuri-speakers are also bilingual in the local Pashto dialect of Maseedwola. Most can also converse in Urdu and some in English. Burki are still found in
590:
The invading armies in present Afghanistan and north west Pakistan seem to have paid significant attention to Kaniguram and the Barakis/Burkis. During the Soviet Invasion of Afghanistan,
852:
Uwaysi Aspects in the Rawshani Doctrine, in Central Asia and the Eastern Hindukush. Countries and Peoples of the East journal, vol. XXXII, St Petersburg, 1998, pp. 137–148.
594:
Institute of Oriental Studies seemed to have been the institution tasked to study the Roshaniyya movement, in order to understand their foe (see reference section below).
566:
535:
1525–1585 Pushtun warrior and intellectual, founder Roshaniyya (Enlightenment) movement. Descendants comprise the "Baba Khel" branch of the Burki Qaum (tribe).
871:
Two Rawshani Sources on Five Pillars of Islam, in: St Petersburg Journal of Oriental Studies, vol. I, St Petersburg, 1992, pp. 380–384 (in Russian).
859:
British Indian Views of the Later Followers of the Rawshaniyya, Nineteenth and Twentieth Centuries, in Iran, volume 22, London, 1994, pp. 135–138.
391:
indicative of the Burki's dominant position in Kaniguram despite being significantly outnumbered by Mahsuds. Relations between the Burki/Urmar and the
811:
Captain Robert Leech - The Journal of the Asiatic Society of Bengalâ{(Vol. VII-1838), Part-I January to June, 1838}, About five pages from 727 to 731
868:
On a Little-Known Rawshani Source, in: Man, Culture, Philosophy, The Urals University Press, Yekaterinburg, 1992, pp. 335–349 (In Russian).
722:
163:
888:
774:
The Rawshaniyya: Sufi movement in the Mughal tribal periphery, in Late Classical Sufism. (Curzon Persian Art & Culture) (Hardcover)
569:(Baba Khel) -1948 Pakistan Olympic Hockey Team; Captained Pakistan Field Hockey Team 1950 Barcelona International Cup (joint winners)
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Punjab Notes and Queries Volume II, Page 160 (History of Bayezid) Desiples of Sheikh Bazid – Pathans of Mastwi – Tirah (FYI)
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Captain (later Major) Robert Leech researched the Barki Barak (Logar) dialect of the Ormuri language. He said in 1838 that
784:
Translated by Annette Beveridge: Pg 527.530.544.589.594.598-601.638.673.679.692.681. Birki, Barak, Barakistan, Birkistan.
865:
Notes on the Ormur People, in St Petersburg Journal of Oriental Studies, vol. IV, St Petersburg, 1993, pp. 230–238.
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stands for "the Enlightened Sufi Master." He was the first local leader to lead a major insurgency against the Mughal
58:
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105:
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Dabistan of Mohsani Fani (Translated by Leyden, Volume 11 of the Asiatic Researches (Pages 406, 407, 420 (Ala Dad))
862:
Turmoil on the Roof of the World, in Central Asia and the Caucuses in World Affairs, Hastings, 1993, pp. 1–5
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September 1904-April 2005 (Burki) (Danishmand)- 1928 Amsterdam Olympics Gold Medal - British India Hockey Team
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Dr. Bellew on Barik/Baraki Pathans - An Inquiry into the Ethnography of Afghanistan by H.W. Bellew.
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Baraki pretend descent from the Arab invaders, but this is a conceit of their conversion to Islam
32:
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The exact origin of Baraki/Burki/Ormur tribe has been widely contested by multiple historians.
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In Afghanistan though their true origin is not suspected, the Baraki are a distinct people
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tribes of Pashtuns. It is also the hometown of the sixteenth-century
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According to the 2017 Census, Kaniguram has population of 13,809.
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575:(Baba Khel), Pakistan Cricket Team. Played cricket (1964-1982).
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An Enquiry into the Ethnography of Afghanistan, pg 62, Bellew)
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Leech, Captain (1838). "A Vocabulary of the Baraki language".
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581:(Baba Khel), Pakistan Cricket (debut 2004). Majid Khan's son.
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Many of Kaniguram's Burki spend winters in second homes in
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Joseph von Hammer-Purgstall - Geschichte der Assassinen.
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Memoirs of the Saints, translated by Dr. Bankley Behari
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Rawshaniyya movement ... Reprinted from Abr-Nahrain
46:. Unsourced material may be challenged and removed.
661:. Archived from the original on 3 September 2012.
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344:. Kaniguram's population mainly consists of the
708:An Enquiry into the Ethnography of Afghanistan
598:to research and write a book on the movement.
547:– Current internationally ranked squash player
694:(Part–I, Jan to June, 1838). London: 727–731.
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837:. Delhi: Munshiram Manoharlal Publishers.
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875:Imperial Gazetteer of India NWFP 1901.
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356:revolutionary leader and warrior-poet
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436:Kaniguram's most famous resident was
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120:Town in Khyber Pakhtunkhwa, Pakistan
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746:"Captains of Hockey - PHF"
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503:Henry Walter Bellew
336:) is a town in the
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545:Arshad Iqbal Burki
533:Bayazid Pir Roshan
438:Bayazid Pir Roshan
400:Bayazid Pir Roshan
358:Bayazid Pir Roshan
299: • Total
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752:on 25 August 2018
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38:Please help
33:verification
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792:The Pathans
476:Afghanistan
445:Din-i-Ilahi
416:Like other
376:Waziristani
211: /
55:"Kaniguram"
822:H.C. Wylly
788:Olaf Caroe
624:References
618:Pir Roshan
579:Bazid Khan
573:Majid Khan
423:Pir Roshan
340:region of
294:Population
66:newspapers
843:504213038
756:25 August
717:cite book
711:. London.
464:Masidwola
326:Kānīgūram
308:Time zone
286:Elevation
177:Kaniguram
127:Kaniguram
883:Category
824:(1912).
667:cite web
602:See also
342:Pakistan
334:کانيګورم
263:District
243:Province
236:Pakistan
141:کانیګورم
133:کانیگورم
769:Sources
496:Somnath
482:History
418:Pashtun
393:Mahsuds
354:Pashtun
224:Country
199:69°47′E
196:32°31′N
143:
80:scholar
841:
513:. The
460:Pashto
456:Ormuri
427:Pashto
372:Ormuri
330:Pashto
302:13,809
275:Tehsil
253:
233:
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782:Babur
644:(PDF)
613:Burki
539:Sport
472:Logar
388:Burki
350:Burki
346:Ormur
313:UTC+5
87:JSTOR
73:books
839:OCLC
758:2018
723:link
673:link
458:and
386:The
152:Town
59:news
692:VII
470:in
348:or
317:PST
42:by
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