696:(originally numbered 9010) was converted into a "camera car" between 1968 and 1969 at the Sacramento Locomotive Works. It emerged as SPMW #1, but was later renumbered SPMW 1166 due to SP's traffic computer requiring 4 digits. In June 1969, it was finally renumbered to SP 8799. Its purpose was to record films for a computerized locomotive simulator for engineer training. The most drastic change in appearance was the locomotive's short hood (or "nose"). It was completely rebuilt to house camera equipment and heavy, thick steel was used for collision protection. The front transmission was removed to house a generator to power the camera equipment. The generator drew fuel from the locomotive's original fuel tank. The two engines and rear transmission, though disabled, remained in the engine for weight. All of the controls remained in the cab so that it could control a locomotive pushing behind it, much like a
832:
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33:
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operational that it would be possible for SP 9010 to operate under its own power. On
February 14, 2017, the rear MD870 Maybach V-16 diesel engine was successfully started after being unused for 48 years. It ran for about 16 minutes; the engine was turned off, then turned back on for 2 minutes with no problems both static runs, and with a clean exhaust. On March 1, 2017, SP 9010 operated under its own power for the first time, on the Niles Canyon Railway. Finally, on July 20, 2019, No. 9010 made its excursion debut on the railway.
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in 1966. An additional 12 units were built in 1969. They were the most powerful locomotives for use in meter gauge at that time. Although they had problems with traction (they would sometimes slip on the rails, practically burning them), they stayed in service until the 1980s with the arrival of the
642:
American locomotive technology began to catch up in the late 1960s, and the operation of diesel-hydraulic locomotives, while useful, was no longer justifiable. SP and other railroads had made their horsepower needs known and
American builders responded by increasing horsepower on single-engine
851:
in 1986. Initially, the museum removed its nose for the purpose of having a new nose built to replicate the nose that it had while it was a locomotive as part of its plan for restoration. However, that restoration never came. It sat in outdoor storage in a very forlorn state at the
Sacramento
867:
In 2013 the PLA was able to obtain a set of Krauss Maffei trucks from a retired
Plasser and Theurer ballast cleaning machine from France. In 2015, they purchased replacement cardan shafts made by the Welte group in Germany. These two developments meant that if the rear Maybach could be made
679:
powered a series of railfan passenger excursions in the spring of 1967, the only time an ML-4000 was used in passenger service. On
February 13, 1968, SP announced the end of its diesel-hydraulic locomotive program. By the end of the year, all ML-4000s had been retired. The trio of ALCO
552:(who served much of the same territory as UP, a rival) took this into account, as business for SP was growing rapidly. Freight trains were getting longer and heavier, and SP had to use up to 10 locomotives to power long-distance freight trains. SP's main workhorses at the time were
618:. Following extensive testing SP returned to Krauss-Maffei for an additional fifteen units. Delivered in 1964, they featured the same engines and transmissions but looked very different on the outside. These are referred to as “hood units” because of their hood type bodies.
852:
Locomotive Works until it was sold to the
Pacific Locomotive Association (PLA), along with several pieces of rolling stock. They were moved by the Union Pacific Railroad in summer 2008 from Sacramento to their interchange with Niles Canyon Railway at Hearst in
625:
mountain range, so they were relegated to service in flat territory throughout
California, often paired with F7s or GP9s. The locomotives were fairly reliable, with only one recorded failure. Upon ordering the second batch of ML-4000s, SP also purchased three
663:, quickly became the new high-horsepower units of choice. In 1967, a deadline of ML-4000 cab units appeared at the Sacramento Locomotive Works. Hood units soon followed in the deadline, and the first ML-4000s were retired in September of that year. The
575:
After much research, the
Southern Pacific found that using many diesel electric locomotives with continual high stress on the traction motors wore out the electrical equipment. SP decided to experiment with
1114:
607:
also ordered three units, but found them unsuitable in mountain service, and they were sold to the SP in early 1964. Upon arrival, a special track was set up at the locomotive shops in
704:. The camera car could be put on the lead of any train, but it mostly made special trips with just one locomotive behind it for power. SP 8799 was based in SP's West Colton Yard in
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diesel-hydraulics fared slightly better, and were not retired until 1973. The powered trucks were salvaged from some of the scrapped ML 4000's and sold to
675:
passenger excursion, preferably with a ML-4000 cab unit. However, the cab units were no longer operational, so hood unit number 9120, along with a pair of
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The first order of the ML-4000s are referred to as “cab units,” given that they have a fully enclosed car body, similar to that of the
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locomotives and stunned the railroad industry by purchasing three 3,540 horsepower (2,640 kW) ML-4000 type locomotives from
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then transferred it to its
Brightside Yard, where it was restored by volunteers of the PLA. Initial plans called for
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Before the end of 1968, all but one of the ML 4000s were scrapped at
Sacramento. The survivor, number
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engines. 37 examples were built for two North American railroads and one South American railroad.
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564:, SP found that they were not suitable for freight service and were relegated to the
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1156:"Last Surviving Diesel-Hydraulic Locomotive to be Restored at Niles Canyon Railway"
660:
121:
920:"Railfan Extra Board - June 2013: The impossible just takes a little while longer"
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561:
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that would raise the locomotives’ horsepower to 2000. This soon evolved into the
496:
1169:(3). South Bay Historical Railroad Society: 4 and 8. Summer 2008. Archived from
1045:
Wheelihan, Jack (October 2002). "10 locomotives that didn't change the world".
701:
684:, where they were installed on that company's self-propelled ballast cleaners.
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999:
Lawrence, Elrond (2016). "Southern Pacific 9010". In McDonnell, Greg (ed.).
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and GP9s. Although SP had a small fleet of 2,400 horsepower (1,800 kW)
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Two of EFVM's hood units hauling a 150 car-long iron train, December 1968
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external links, and converting useful links where appropriate into
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Cab units; sold to Southern Pacific 9021–9023, later SP 9103–9105
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locomotives from EMD. These new EMD locomotives, along with the
1422:
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1320:
553:
545:, the most recent batch of which could output 8500 horsepower.
1432:
1024:
Out of Steam: Dieselization and American Railroads; 1920-1960
600:
1001:
Locomotive 2016: Trains Magazine special edition No. 17-2016
889:(in German). FĂĽrstenfeldbruck: Hightech aus Deutschland: 12.
1467:
1462:
1239:
585:
671:) came to SP with a request of a diesel-hydraulic powered
621:
SP found the ML-4000s unsatisfactory in service over the
499:. It generated 3,540 horsepower (2,640 kW) from two
1208:
1064:
Wolff, A. J. (Spring 2019). "Big power in the west".
885:
Alkofer, Stefan (2012). "Das große Missverständnis".
599:
1,770 horsepower (1,320 kW) diesel engines and
432:"(Damned) Krauts", "Amerika-loks", "Amilok", "Ami"
1542:Diesel-hydraulic locomotives of the United States
1105:may not follow Knowledge's policies or guidelines
1508:
1194:"Frota de locomotivas nas ferrovias brasileiras"
448:1968 (SP and D&RGW units), 1980 (EFVM units)
1557:Standard gauge locomotives of the United States
538:. This supplemented the UP's fleet of powerful
1224:
1051:. Vol. 62, no. 10. pp. 46–47.
1068:. Vol. 20, no. 1. pp. 62–73.
949:"Krauss-Maffei VitĂłria a Minas locomotives"
643:locomotives. In 1966, SP first ordered the
560:"Train Master" locomotives manufactured by
1231:
1217:
1141:Learn how and when to remove this message
1044:
975:
711:
592:, on October 31, 1961, they featured two
584:manufacturer Krauss-Maffei. Delivered by
77:Learn how and when to remove this message
1268:KNDS Deutschland (Krauss-Maffei Wegmann)
998:
830:
40:This article includes a list of general
1021:
884:
274:67 ft 7.625 in (20.62 m)
14:
1547:Railway locomotives introduced in 1961
1509:
757:Denver and Rio Grande Western Railroad
719:of Brazil ordered four units built to
605:Denver and Rio Grande Western Railroad
530:with pre-production examples of a new
419:Denver and Rio Grande Western Railroad
389:(2,640 kW) (Germany), 3,540
1522:Southern Pacific Railroad locomotives
1212:
1063:
901:"Southern Pacific 9010: The FAQ Page"
1085:
667:(the organization that operates the
26:
611:, just for servicing the ML-4000s.
24:
1366:M270 Multiple Launch Rocket System
969:
731:
630:diesel-hydraulic locomotives from
466:One preserved, remainder scrapped.
46:it lacks sufficient corresponding
25:
1573:
1200:. August 15, 2006. Archived from
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799:Hood units; renumbered 9106-9120
687:
487:, built between 1961 and 1969 by
338:7.89 inches (20.0 cm) stroke
336:7.28 inches (18.5 cm) bore Ă—
1182:"Estrada de Ferro VitĂłria-Minas"
1090:
917:
887:Modelleisenbahner Spezial Nr. 15
845:California State Railroad Museum
805:Estrada de Ferro VitĂłria a Minas
783:Cab units; renumbered 9100-9102
717:Estrada de Ferro VitĂłria a Minas
423:Estrada de Ferro VitĂłria a Minas
97:
31:
978:The Southern Pacific, 1901-1985
924:Railfan & Railroad Magazine
826:
1562:Metre gauge diesel locomotives
982:Texas A&M University Press
941:
911:
893:
878:
708:until it was retired in 1984.
665:Pacific Locomotive Association
637:
13:
1:
871:
728:. All of them were scrapped.
103:SP 9011 at Enzen, August 1964
1392:KNDS France (Nexter Systems)
1022:Schramm, Jeffrey W. (2010).
588:and unloaded at the Port of
282:344,000 lb (156 t)
7:
1026:. Bethlehem, Pennsylvania:
485:diesel-hydraulic locomotive
377:70 mph (110 km/h)
10:
1578:
1473:Véhicule de l'Avant Blindé
1351:Krauss-Maffei ML 4000 C'C'
980:. College Station, Texas:
976:Hofsommer, Don L. (1986).
532:turbo-supercharging system
522:(EMD) rebuilt nine of its
509:
1517:Krauss-Maffei locomotives
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1331:FLW remote weapon station
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789:Southern Pacific Company
773:Southern Pacific Company
1028:Lehigh University Press
1003:. Waukesha, Wisconsin:
520:Electro-Motive Division
61:more precise citations.
1336:Henschel-Wegmann Train
836:
712:The Brazilian ML-4000s
566:San Francisco Bay Area
528:Union Pacific Railroad
346:Voith L830rU hydraulic
1163:The Santa Clara Block
834:
682:Plasser & Theurer
609:Roseville, California
478:Krauss-Maffei ML 4000
440:North America, Brazil
393:(2,640 kW) (USA)
92:Krauss-Maffei ML-4000
1306:Artillery Gun Module
1111:improve this article
905:Niles Canyon Railway
862:cosmetic restoration
858:Niles Canyon Railway
669:Niles Canyon Railway
526:locomotives for the
1552:Freight locomotives
1413:20 mm modèle F2 gun
1376:Panzerhaubitze 2000
1176:on August 16, 2009.
1123:footnote references
1005:Kalmbach Publishing
843:was donated to the
706:Southern California
603:transmissions. The
369:Performance figures
1438:FR F2 sniper rifle
1007:. pp. 86–87.
837:
570:Peninsula Commutes
306:Four stroke diesel
1504:
1503:
1399:CTA International
1326:Flakpanzer Gepard
1292:Wegmann & Co.
1204:on July 19, 2014.
1151:
1150:
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1037:978-0-9821313-7-4
1014:978-1-62700-404-6
991:978-0-89096-246-6
854:Sunol, California
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953:sp9010.ncry.org
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1188:. May 1, 2005.
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541:
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521:
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502:
498:
494:
493:Krauss-Maffei
491:manufacturer
490:
486:
483:
482:road switcher
479:
465:
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427:
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380:
376:
374:Maximum speed
372:
367:
363:
355:
353:
349:
345:
341:
335:
333:
332:Cylinder size
329:
326:32 (two V16s)
325:
323:
319:
316:
313:
309:
305:
301:
298:
295:
294:Maybach MD870
291:
289:
285:
281:
277:
273:
269:
246:1,000 mm
241:1,435 mm
221:
219:
215:
212:
209:
207:
204: •
202:
198:
196:
193: •
191:
187:
182:
177:
173:
166:
165:South America
162:
161:North America
158:
152:
148:
144:
140:
136:
133:
132:Krauss-Maffei
130:
126:
123:
120:
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111:
107:
100:
95:
90:
81:
78:
70:
67:December 2014
60:
56:
50:
49:
43:
38:
29:
28:
19:
1458:Nexter Titus
1275:KraussMaffei
1247:Subsidiaries
1202:the original
1197:
1185:
1171:the original
1166:
1162:
1137:
1128:
1113:by removing
1100:
1065:
1046:
1023:
1000:
977:
956:. Retrieved
952:
943:
932:. Retrieved
928:the original
923:
913:
904:
895:
886:
880:
866:
838:
827:Preservation
747:Road numbers
715:
691:
641:
620:
613:
574:
547:
513:
477:
475:
382:Power output
343:Transmission
315:Turbocharger
73:
64:
45:
1496:Georg KrauĂź
1418:AMX Leclerc
1346:KMW Grizzly
1259:KNDS France
1186:E.F. Brasil
820:Hood units
721:meter gauge
638:Disposition
543:locomotives
463:Disposition
385:3,540
303:Engine type
288:Prime mover
279:Loco weight
59:introducing
1511:Categories
1316:Boxer MRAV
1131:March 2017
958:2018-11-22
934:2015-07-27
872:References
849:Sacramento
616:EMD F-unit
352:Loco brake
311:Aspiration
266:) (Brazil)
146:Build date
118:Power type
42:references
18:KM ML-4000
1371:Mungo ESK
1361:Leopard 2
1356:Leopard 1
1311:ATF Dingo
1115:excessive
1074:1527-0718
1057:0041-0934
796:9003-9017
780:9000-9002
764:4001-4003
726:EMD DDM45
514:In 1959,
453:Preserved
429:Nicknames
411:Operators
322:Cylinders
149:1961–1969
1448:GIAT LG1
1405:Products
1298:Products
743:Quantity
739:Railroad
677:EMD FP7s
645:EMD SD40
264: in
243:) (USA),
237: in
188:
1478:Wasp 58
1443:GIAT 30
1109:Please
1101:use of
816:701-716
698:cab car
673:railfan
594:Maybach
558:H-24-66
554:EMD F7s
510:History
501:Maybach
457:SP 9010
445:Retired
259:⁄
232:⁄
141:ML-4000
128:Builder
55:improve
1489:People
1428:CAESAR
1423:APILAS
1341:KMW F2
1321:Fennek
1280:Maffei
1072:
1055:
1048:Trains
1034:
1011:
988:
856:. The
807:(EFVM)
751:Notes
582:German
489:German
437:Locale
406:Career
271:Length
44:, but
1433:FAMAS
1174:(PDF)
1159:(PDF)
659:from
657:U33Cs
628:DH643
601:Voith
480:is a
218:Gauge
163:, 16
138:Model
1468:VBCI
1463:TRF1
1381:Puma
1240:KNDS
1070:ISSN
1053:ISSN
1032:ISBN
1009:ISBN
986:ISBN
694:9113
655:and
653:U30C
649:SD45
647:and
632:Alco
586:ship
548:The
540:GTEL
536:GP20
476:The
297:V16s
292:Two
211:C′C′
1117:or
847:in
839:SP
597:V16
568:'s
524:GP9
504:V16
495:in
206:UIC
199:C-C
195:AAR
159:21
1513::
1196:.
1184:.
1167:17
1165:.
1161:.
1030:.
984:.
951:.
922:.
903:.
811:16
793:15
634:.
572:.
518:’
421:,
417:,
391:hp
387:hp
1232:e
1225:t
1218:v
1144:)
1138:(
1133:)
1129:(
1125:.
1107:.
1076:.
1059:.
1040:.
1017:.
994:.
961:.
937:.
907:.
777:3
761:3
261:8
257:3
254:+
252:3
248:(
239:(
234:2
230:1
227:+
225:8
80:)
74:(
69:)
65:(
51:.
20:)
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