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ordered conditions in the experiment, the smaller and the larger conditions had significantly different outcomes from each other, but neither was significantly different from the middle condition. This paradoxical outcome led
Shaffer to classify the allowable patterns of significant differences and to find interpretations of those patterns, and led others to perform follow-up research making her methods more implementable in practice. Another of her results in this area was the observation that, in analyzing multiple comparisons, it is important to include in the analysis
221:, another faculty member who already had children. She was informed at the time of their marriage that, because of Kansas's anti-nepotism rules, only one of her or her husband could win tenure, but this rule was changed when she finally went up for tenure, a year late because having children made her department think she wasn't serious about psychology. The part-time teaching schedule she followed while raising her children delayed her chances for taking a sabbatical, but finally, in 1973, she was allowed to take a sabbatical at Berkeley, under the supervision of
277:
Lehmann writes that
Shaffer "became one of the leaders" in the field of multiple comparisons, with her "two most importance contributions" occurring in connection with a psychological experiment in which she observed the non-transitivity of significant differences in multiple comparisons. Of three
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and then a year later became a lecturer in statistics at
Berkeley. At Berkeley, she also ran a "drop-in consulting service", and by 1981 achieved security of employment, the equivalent of tenure for lecturers. She retired in 1994, and spent several of the following years as a researcher at the
186:, and despite the anti-women and anti-Jewish admission quotas then in place at Swarthmore. After several changes of topic she ended up majoring in psychology and minoring in mathematics and philosophy. She graduated in 1953, married a classmate, and moved to
273:
in statistics, where using the same experiment to make multiple inferences can cause a greater likelihood of erroneous inferences, after observing this effect in student work; it would become the main research topic of her later career.
269:, involving the ways in which the personal connection between two people can influence the transmission of a feeling towards another object from one of the two people to the other. Later at Kansas, she became interested in the
314:"for her pioneering contributions to statistical methods in education and psychometrics; for her exceptional role in fostering opportunities for and in support of the advancement of women in the sciences".
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for graduate study in psychology. Her marriage broke up during her studies, but she completed her Ph.D. in psychology at in 1957. She published a modified version of her dissertation,
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In 1977 she married
Lehmann and moved to Berkeley. The psychology department there was not hiring, so she took a visiting position at the
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in
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507:"Job Discrimination against Faculty Wives: Restrictive Employment Practices in Colleges and Universities"
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481:, Genetic psychology monographs, vol. 70, Stanford University, pp. 97–134,
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Robinson, Dan (January 2005), "Profiles in
Research: Juliet Popper Shaffer",
390:, University of California, Berkeley Department of Statistics, archived from
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475:"Social and personality correlates of children's estimates of height"
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Social and personality correlates of children's estimates of height
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Motivational and social factors in children's perceptions of height
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Fellows of the
American Association for the Advancement of Science
150:(born May 23, 1932) is an American psychologist, statistician and
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Elected
Members of the International Statistical Institute
213:. At Kansas, Popper was involved with local struggles for
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Shaffer, Harry G.; Shaffer, Juliet P. (January 1966).
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549:, Committee of Presidents of Statistical Societies
16:American psychologist, statistician & academic
644:Fellows of the American Psychological Association
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426:Journal of Educational and Behavioral Statistics
308:Committee of Presidents of Statistical Societies
249:Shaffer's work in psychology at Kansas involved
649:Fellows of the American Statistical Association
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292:Fellow of the American Statistical Association
209:, she joined the faculty in psychology at the
225:. In the same year she divorced her husband.
158:. She is a teaching professor emerita at the
345:(2008), "59. Juliet P. Shaffer (b. 1932)",
629:University of California, Berkeley faculty
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473:Shaffer, Juliet Popper (1964-08-20),
290:In 1988, Shaffer was elected to be a
265:to test the theories of a colleague,
679:20th-century American psychologists
664:21st-century American psychologists
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304:International Statistical Institute
13:
537:
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296:American Psychological Association
182:, following the lead of classmate
160:University of California, Berkeley
106:University of California, Berkeley
14:
690:
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170:Juliet Martha Popper was born in
546:Florence Nightingale David Award
312:Florence Nightingale David Award
201:After postdoctoral studies with
81:Harry George Shaffer (1960-1975)
511:The Journal of Higher Education
347:Reminiscences of a Statistician
230:University of California, Davis
523:10.1080/00221546.1966.11774524
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298:. She is also a fellow of the
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1:
462:Mathematics Genealogy Project
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302:and an elected member of the
624:University of Kansas faculty
609:American women statisticians
355:10.1007/978-0-387-71597-1_13
271:multiple comparisons problem
198:with Journal Press in 1964.
128:Other academic advisors
79:John Walker Gray (1953-1955)
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235:Educational Testing Service
156:multiple hypothesis testing
110:Educational Testing Service
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674:Quantitative psychologists
669:Midwood High School alumni
654:21st-century American Jews
619:Stanford University alumni
154:known for her research on
614:Swarthmore College alumni
599:Jewish American academics
438:10.3102/10769986030001093
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572:publications indexed by
122:Robert Richardson Sears
604:American statisticians
267:Fritz and Grace Heider
570:Juliet Popper Shaffer
458:Juliet Popper Shaffer
261:. She also developed
239:Princeton, New Jersey
148:Juliet Popper Shaffer
23:Juliet Popper Shaffer
659:People from Brooklyn
263:experimental designs
211:University of Kansas
166:Education and career
102:University of Kansas
33:Juliet Martha Popper
479:SearchWorks catalog
188:Stanford University
176:Midwood High School
152:statistics educator
70:Stanford University
207:Indiana University
203:William Kaye Estes
180:Swarthmore College
132:William Kaye Estes
66:Swarthmore College
364:978-0-387-71596-4
223:Erich Leo Lehmann
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589:1932 births
294:and of the
286:Recognition
255:personality
86:(1977-2009)
583:Categories
553:2017-11-16
492:2017-11-16
398:2017-11-16
318:References
259:perception
39:1932-05-23
531:0022-1546
446:220338997
76:Spouse(s)
62:Education
487:14194338
245:Research
172:Brooklyn
54:New York
50:Brooklyn
460:at the
387:Faculty
373:2367933
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442:S2CID
194:, as
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359:ISBN
29:Born
519:doi
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351:doi
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