697:), are first instance courts that can be grouped in two categories: District Courts of Montevideo and those of the Interior of the country (other than Montevideo). District Courts of Montevideo are of Civil, Criminal, Organized Crime Specialized Criminal, Labour, Contentious Administrative, Family, Specialized Family, Customs, Juvenile, Bankruptcy, and Criminal Surveillance subject matters, whose jurisdiction is within Montevideo Department. District Courts in the Interior, on the other hand, are organized according their territorial jurisdiction, for example District Court of First Instance of Bella Unión for the First Turn or the District Court of First Instance of Rivera for the Seventh Turn, but these have usually assigned jurisdiction under several subject matters. They are not created by the Constitution itself but its existence is preempted by the article 244.
595:
681:. Civil Courts of Appeals deal with civil, trade, finance, customs and administrative contentious issues. Family Courts of Appeals deal with family and minors. All Courts of Appeals have jurisdiction over the whole territory of the Republic, and they act as a second instance court, reviewing judicial decision of the lower tier courts (District Courts), being their rulings absolutely final, though their decisions are subject to the remedy of cassation before the Supreme Court of Justice.
30:
1514:
434:
662:) are collective bodies made up of three members each one, called "Ministers". Their basic legal framework is found in the XV section of the Constitution about the Judiciary and the III section of the Law no. 15750 (Organic Law of the Judiciary and the Courts Organization). They are not created by the Constitution itself but its existence is preempted by the article 241, which leaves their creation to a law.
1120:
635:
establishes that the members of the
Supreme Court of Justice must be at least 40 years old, be natural-born citizens (or be legal citizens with ten years exercise thereof and twenty-five years of residence in the country), and have been a lawyer for ten years, or as such to have been a member of the
576:
The judiciary of
Uruguay consists of the Supreme Court of Justice, the Courts of Appeals, the District Courts (or Lawyer Courts), the Departmental Peace Courts and the Sectional Peace Courts. It also includes Conciliation Courts, Mediation Centers, and dependencies such as Public Defender Office and
700:
In order to be a judge of a
District Court, of Montevideo or in the Interior, a person needs to be at least of 28 years of age, to have active natural citizenship or an active legal citizenship for at least four years, and to be a lawyer with four years of experience or to have been a judge of the
669:
with eight years of experience or to have been a judge or a prosecutor for six years. The
Supreme Court of Justice has the power to appoint, with the approval of the Senate or the Permanent Commission, the members of the Courts of Appeals by three out of five for candidates who are members of the
640:
by a two-thirds vote of its full membership. Also, the term-length will be ten years and they may not be re-elected until after a period of five years following the previous term. Additionally, the position shall cease when they reach the age of seventy years. The presidency of the Court rotates
1117:
540:
and courts of first instance specialized in administrative, civil, criminal, customs, juvenile, and labour cases. Although the hierarchy, all of them are functionally and structurally impartial, that is, the tribunal should not be interested in the object of the particular case, and the higher
568:. Between 1905 and 1977, and from 1989 onwards, the selection of judges involved the legislature rather than the executive branch of government. Since 1997, it has been possible for Supreme Court judges to be re-elected after a gap of five years but only up to the age of 70.
563:
The
Judiciary of Uruguay is possibly the most independent in Latin America, in part due to having its own budget. However, between 1977 and 1985, the military government severely curtailed the independence of the judiciary, by placing the judiciary under a
552:, which was established by an electoral law that was drafted in 1924, and was included in the 1932 constitution. The court has nine members of which five are non-partisan members elected by the parliament, the
536:, each of which has three judges. Seven of the courts of appeal specialize in civil matters, four specialize in criminal matters, three cover labour law, and two focus on family matters. At the lowest tier are
532:, who are appointed by the legislative branch of the government, for ten-year terms. The Supreme Court appoints the judges of most of the lower courts. Below the Supreme Court, there are sixteen
665:
To be a
Minister of a Court of Appeals the person should be at least of 35 years of age, to have active natural citizenship or active legal citizenship for at least seven years, and to be a
677:
The
Constitution does not determine the number of Courts of Appeals, but each individual Court has been created by law. There are Courts of Appeals for Civil, Family, Labour and Criminal
556:. The other four members represent the major political parties in the General Assembly and are each selected by the legislators of their own parties. Below the Electoral Court are
182:
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528:, originally published in 1868. The Constitution defines the judiciary as a hierarchical system courts, with the highest court being a five-member
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Judiciary, the Public or Fiscal
Ministry for a period of eight years. Article 236 establishes shall be appointed by the
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to the lower ones. There are also separate courts for auditing, elections and the military.
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1154:"Uruguay's Constitution of 1966, Reinstated in 1985, with Amendments through 2004"
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Elections in
Uruguay are organized and supervised by a permanent and independent
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946:
Guidelines for
Understanding, Adjudicating, and Resolving Disputes in Elections
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438:
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1024:. Inter-American Development Bank and Stanford University Press. p. 104.
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annually among the justices according to the order of seniority in office.
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1137:"SECCION XV – DEL PODER JUDICIAL – CAPITULO II, Artículo 235"
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1051:. New Brunswick, New Jersey: Transaction, Inc. p. 118.
983:
1143:
492:
that interprets and applies the laws of Uruguay, to ensure
516:, and separates the government into three equal branches,
987:
The Unfinished Transition to Democracy in Latin America
524:
and judicial. Private relationships are subject to the
689:
The District Courts, or First Instance Lawyer Courts (
512:, and 2004. The Constitution declares Uruguay to be a
1048:
Uruguay in Transition: From Civilian to Military Rule
927:: Fundación de Cultura Universitaria. pp. 29–30.
629:, a masterpiece of eclectic architecture from 1917.
797:(in Spanish). Parliament of Uruguay. Archived from
949:. International Foundation for Electoral Systems.
2247:
2164:
1274:] (in Spanish). Vol. I (6th ed.).
1101:
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674:, or four out of five for other candidates.
1192:
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771:(in Spanish). §§5, 9 and 15. Archived from
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1021:The State of State Reform in Latin America
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541:tribunal does not impose a behaviour nor
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1278:: Fundación de Cultura Universitaria.
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1196:
856:Leslie Jermyn and Winnie Wong (2010).
695:Juzgados Letrados de Primera Instancia
2138:
1338:
1261:: Fundación de Cultura Universitaria.
1249:Abal Oliú, Alejandro (January 2008).
984:Juan Carlos Calleros-Alarcón (2009).
931:
846:
701:peace or a prosecutor for two years.
504:system, with public law based on the
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615:Suprema Corte de Justicia de Uruguay
1306:: CS1 maint: ignored ISBN errors (
1268:Lecciones de Derecho Procesal Civil
500:. The legal system of Uruguay is a
13:
1082:(in Spanish). Judiciary of Uruguay
900:(in Spanish). Judiciary of Uruguay
684:
617:) is the highest court of law and
14:
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1316:
1266:Tarigo, Enrique E. (April 2010).
1257:] (in Spanish). Vol. I.
830:(in Spanish). §15. Archived from
496:, and to provide a mechanism for
1512:
919:Abal, Alejandro (January 2008).
741:(in Spanish). §4. Archived from
586:This section is an excerpt from
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28:
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1038:
1011:
1272:Lessons of Civil Procedure Law
824:"Constitution of the Republic"
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765:"Constitution of the Republic"
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735:"Constitution of the Republic"
577:Forensic Technical Institute.
1:
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343:Ministry of Foreign Relations
2165:Judiciaries of South America
1080:"La República Independiente"
623:Oriental Republic of Uruguay
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7:
1992:Water supply and sanitation
1438:Treaty of Montevideo (1828)
923:(in Spanish). Vol. I.
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601:, seat of the Supreme Court
554:General Assembly of Uruguay
10:
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1018:Eduardo Lora, ed. (2007).
943:Chad Vickery, ed. (2011).
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711:Supreme Court of Uruguay
588:Supreme Court of Uruguay
581:Supreme Court of Justice
225:Administrative divisions
124:Luis Alberto Lacalle Pou
898:"Juzgados y tribunales"
494:equal justice under law
56:Previous constitutions
1871:Science and technology
1433:Thirty-Three Orientals
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364:Diplomatic missions of
2261:Government of Uruguay
1045:Edy Kaufmann (1979).
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739:Parliament of Uruguay
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558:nineteen departmental
538:justices of the peace
490:government of Uruguay
49:Current constitution
2256:Judiciary of Uruguay
1425:Cisplatina province
1391:Spanish colonization
1123:1 April 2009 at the
526:Uruguayan Civil Code
486:judiciary of Uruguay
1475:Battle of Masoller
834:on 16 December 2013
801:on 13 December 2013
775:on 16 December 2013
745:on 16 December 2013
716:Politics of Uruguay
631:Article 235 of the
514:democratic republic
488:is a branch of the
191:Palacio Legislativo
21:Politics of Uruguay
1891:Telecommunications
1404:British invasions
1223:, pp. 227–230
1211:, pp. 259–263
1199:, pp. 188–192
1108:, pp. 263–268
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1235:, pp. 236
1233:Abal Oliú 2008
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1171:"Ley N° 15750"
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866:. p. 36.
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